ÖFOS ÖFOS ÖFOS ÖFOS GEISTESWISSENSCHAFTEN HUMANITIES Sonstige und interdisziplinäre Geisteswissenschaften Other and interdisciplinary Humanities Rhetorik Rhetoric Publikumsforschung Public research Geisteswissenschaften interdisziplinär Humanities (interdisciplinary) Fachdidaktik (Geisteswissenschaften) Subject didactics (humanities) Communication science Kommunikationswissenschaft Kulturökonomie Cultural economics Geisteswissenschaftliche Dokumentation Documentation (humanities) Journalism Publizistik Bibliothekswissenschaft Library science Gender Studies (Geisteswissenschaften) Gender studies (humanities) Geschichte der Geisteswissenschaften History of humanities Medienforschung, -kunde Media research, -studies Graffiti research Graffiti-Forschung Journalistik Journalism Sonstige philologisch-kulturkundliche Richtungen Other Philological and Cultural Sciences Paläographie, Handschriftenkunde Palaeography, codicology Judaistik Judaism Phonetik Phonetics Iranistik Iranian studies Turcology Turkologie Ägyptologie Egyptology Sinologie Sinology Islamic studies Islamkunde Byzantinistik Byzantine studies Finno-Ugristik Finno-Ugrian languages Kulturwissenschaft Cultural science Arabistik Arabic studies Epigraphic Epigraphik Buddhismuskunde Buddhology Japanologie Japanology Religionsgeschichte History of religion Papyrologie Papyrology Orientalistik Orientalism Afrikanistik African studies Tibetologie Tibetology Indology Indologie Altsemitische Philologie Ancient Semitic studies Koptologie Coptology Theologie Theology Pastoralpsychologie Pastoral psychology Feminismusfragen Feminist issues Christliche Archäologie Christian archaeology Christliche Philosophie Christian philosophy Bible studies (Old Testament) Alttestamentliche Bibelwissenschaft Christliche Soziallehre Christian social doctrine Kirchengeschichte Church history Bible studies (New Testament) Neutestamentliche Bibelwissenschaft Ökumenische Theologie Ecumenical theology Atheismusforschung Studies in atheism Spirituelle Theologie Spiritual theology Dogmatische Theologie Dogmatic theology Fundamental theology Fundamentaltheologie Pastoraltheologie Pastoral theology Homiletik Homiletics Patrologie Patrology Moraltheologie Moral theology Religionssoziologie Sociology of religion Kirchenrecht Canon law Religionsgeschichte History of religion Theological anthropology Theologische Anthropologie Katechetik Catechetics Exegese Exegesis Liturgiewissenschaft Liturgics Religionswissenschaft Religious science Pedagogy of religion Religionspädagogik Religionsphilosophie Philosophy of religion Seelsorge Pastoral care Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaften Linguistics and Literature Iranistik [Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaften] Iranian studies Soziolinguistik Sociolinguistics Namenforschung Onomastics Semiotik Semiotics Electronic voice processing Elektronische Sprachverarbeitung Kognitive Linguistik Cognitive linguistics Gräzistik Greek studies Medieval Latin philology Mittellateinische Philologie Translations-(Dolmetsch-, Übersetzungs-)wissenschaft Translation and interpreting studies Australistik Australian studies Germanistik German studies Gebärdensprachforschung Sign language research English language and literature Anglistik Klassische Philologie Classical philology Linguistik Linguistics Terminologie(-wissenschaft) Terminology Romanistik Romance studies Keltologie Celtology Indogermanistik Indo-European linguistics Literaturgeschichte History of literature Applied linguistics Angewandte Sprachwissenschaft Mundartkunde Dialectology Slawistik Slavonic studies Allgemeine Literaturwissenschaft General literature studies Sprachwissenschaft (auch: vergleichende -) Language studies (also: comparative -) Diachronic linguistics Diachrone Sprachwissenschaft Hermeneutik Hermeneutics Psycholinguistik Psycholinguistics Interpreting, translating education Dolmetscher-, Übersetzerausbildung Latinistik Latinistics Sprachunterrichtsforschung Language instruction research Phonetik Phonetics Amerikanistik American studies Lexicography Lexikographie Fachsprachenforschung Technical language studies Computerlinguistik Computational linguistics Skandinavistik Scandinavian studies Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft General language studies Literature studies (also: comparative -) Literaturwissenschaft (auch: vergleichende -) Finno-Ugristik Finno-Ugrian languages Phonologie Phonology Dutch studies Nederlandistik Synchrone Sprachwissenschaft Synchronic linguistics Neulateinische Philologie Neo-Latin philology Philosophy Philosophie Wissenschaftstheorie Theory of science Geschichtsphilosophie Philosophy of history Allgemeine Philosophie General philosophy Rechts- und Staatsphilosophie Legal and political philosophy Logic Logik Sprachphilosophie Philosophy of language Wissenschaftsgeschichte History of science Social philosophy Sozialphilosophie Medizinische Ethik Medical ethics Metaphysik Metaphysics Technikphilosophie Philosophy of technology Philosophische Soziologie Philosophical sociology Philosophical anthropology Philosophische Anthropologie Religionsphilosophie Philosophy of religion Philosophische Gesellschaftslehre Philosophical social studies Naturphilosophie Natural philosophy Erkenntnistheorie Epistemology Ästhetik Aesthetics Hermeneutik Hermeneutics Ethik Ethics Cultural philosophy Kulturphilosophie Bioethik Bioethics Wirtschaftsethik Business ethics Kunstwissenschaften Arts Kirchenmusik Church music Kulturökonomie Cultural economics Bildende Kunst Fine arts Kunstgeschichte Art history Industrial design Industrielle Formgebung, Industrial Design Ethnomusikologie Ethnomusicology Klassische Archäologie Classical archaeology Product design Produktgestaltung Restaurierung, Konservierung Restoration, Conservation Musik Music Volksmusikforschung Folk music studies Musealwesen, Museologie Museology Art education Kunsterziehung Angewandte Kunst Applied arts Atem- und Stimmerziehung Breathing and vocal training Musiktheorie Music theory Musikgeschichte History of music Jazzforschung Jazz studies Musiksoziologie Music sociology Denkmalpflege Preservation of monuments Singing Gesang Theaterwissenschaft Theatre studies Popularmusikforschung Popular music studies Filmwissenschaft Film studies Darstellende Kunst Performing arts Musicology Musikwissenschaft Musikpädagogik Music education Design Design Scenography Szenographie Tanzwissenschaft Dance science Architektonische Gestaltung Architectural design Kunsttheorie Art theory Bühnengestaltung Stage design Media arts Medienkunst Aufführungspraxis Performance practice Historische Wissenschaften Historical Sciences Wissenschaftsgeschichte History of science Geschichte der Sozialwissenschaften History of social sciences Rechtsgeschichte Legal history Papyrologie Papyrology Austrian history Österreichische Geschichte Neuere Geschichte Modern history Zeitgeschichte Contemporary history Numismatics Numismatik Geschichtliche Landeskunde Historical regional studies Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften History of natural sciences Quellenkunde, Quellenedition Source studies, source edition Mittelalterliche Geschichte Medieval history Cultural history Kulturgeschichte Archäologie Archaeology Frühgeschichte Early history Geschichte der Geisteswissenschaften History of humanities Historische Hilfswissenschaften Historical auxiliary sciences Alte Geschichte Ancient history Stadtgeschichte Urban history Wirtschaftsgeschichte Economic history Social history Sozialgeschichte Südosteuropäische Geschichte Southeast European history Archivwesen Archive studies Regionalgeschichte Regional history Musealwesen, Museologie Museology History of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy Geschichte der österreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie Osteuropäische Geschichte East European history Urgeschichte Prehistory History of technical sciences Geschichte der Technischen Wissenschaften Geschichte der Mathematik [Historische Wissenschaften] History of mathematics Altertumskunde Classical studies Musikgeschichte History of music Minderheitenforschung Minorities research Science of history Geschichtswissenschaft Epigraphik Epigraphic Klassische Archäologie Classical archaeology Feminismusfragen Feminist issues Geschichte der Veterinärmedizin History of veterinary medicine Palaeography, codicology Paläographie, Handschriftenkunde LAND- UND FORSTWIRTSCHAFT, VETERINÄRMEDIZIN AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY, VETERINARY MEDICINE Gartenbau, Obstbau Horticulture, Fruit Growing Zierpflanzenbau Ornamental horticulture Biologischer Landbau Organic farming Landwirtschaftliche Maschinen und Geräte Agricultural machines and equipment Bewässerungswirtschaft Irrigated agriculture Vegetable growing Gemüsebau Grünraumgestaltung Green area planning Obstbau Fruit growing Food technology Lebensmitteltechnologie Versuchsanlagen für Obstbau Experimental design for fruit growing Gartenbau Horticulture Bodenuntersuchungen Soil testing Weinbau Viticulture Fruit tree protection Obstbaumschutz Gartenkunst Horticultural art Spezialkulturen Special cultures Sonstige und interdisziplinäre Land- und Forstwirtschaft Other and interdisciplinary Agriculture and Forestry Gentechnik, -technologie Genetic engineering, - technology Fachdidaktik (Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin) Subject didactics (agriculture, forestry and veterinary medicine) Lebensmitteltechnologie Food technology Agrarmeteorologie Agrometeorology Food analysis Lebensmitteluntersuchung Landwirtschaftliche Betriebswirtschaft Farm management Agrarökologie Agroecology Biotechnology Biotechnologie Landwirtschaftliche Maschinen und Geräte Agricultural machines and equipment Ernährungswirtschaft Food economics Ernährungswissenschaften Nutritional sciences Fermentierung Fermentation Agricultural and forestry documentation Land- und forstwirtschaftliche Dokumentation Umweltschutz Environmental protection Agrarische Operationen Agricultural operations Nachhaltige Entwicklung, Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften Sustainable development, sustainable economics Agrarökonomie Agricultural economics Gärungstechnologie Fermentation technology Bewässerungswirtschaft Irrigated agriculture Landwirtschaftliche Marktlehre Agricultural marketing Agricultural policy Agrarpolitik ADV, EDV in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft ADP, EDP in Agriculture and forestry Bodenuntersuchungen Soil testing Landwirtschaftliches Bauwesen Agricultural construction Land- und Forstwirtschaft interdisziplinär Interdisciplinary agricultural and forestry science Population genetics Populationsgenetik Veterinärmedizin Veterinary Medicine Tier-Interne Medizin Animal internal medicine Tier-Unfallchirurgie Veterinary emergency surgery Tierernährung Animal nutrition Reptilienmedizin Reptile medicine Animal anatomy Tieranatomie Tiercytologie Animal cytology Bakteriologie (Tiere) Bacteriology (animals) Veterinary surgery Tier-Chirurgie Medizinische Biochemie (Tiere) Medical biochemistry (animals) Medizinische Chemie (Tiere) Medical chemistry (animals) Tierseuchenbekämpfung Animal epidemic control Tierparasitologie Animal parasitology Animal pathology Tierpathologie Tierembryologie Animal embryology Tier-Zahnheilkunde Veterinary dentistry Gerichtliche Veterinärmedizin Forensic veterinary medicine Tier-Anästhesiologie Veterinary anaesthesiology Pharmakologie (Tiere) Pharmacology (animals) Tier-Gynäkologie Veterinary gynaecology Tier-Röntgenologie Veterinary radiology Veterinary orthopaedics Tier-Orthopädie Elektronenmikroskopie Electron microscopy Tier-Geburtshilfe Veterinary obstetrics Tierhistologie Animal histology Virologie (Tiere) Virology (animals) Animal andrology Tier-Andrologie Tier-Augenheilkunde Veterinary ophthalmology Zoologie Zoology Animal hygiene Tierhygiene Vogelmedizin, Zier- Bird medicine, ornamental bird medicine Tierphysiologie Animal physiology Medizinische Physik (Tiere) Medical physics (animals) Toxikologie (Tiere) Toxicology (animals) Food analysis Lebensmitteluntersuchung Tierneurologie Animal neurology Laboratoriumsdiagnostik (Tiere) Veterinary diagnostic laboratory Huf- und Klauenkunde Hoof and claw research Wildtierkunde Wildlife science Veterinary immunology Immunologie (Tiere) Phytotherapie (Tiere) Phytotherapy (animals) Geschichte der Veterinärmedizin History of veterinary medicine Diagnosis in veterinary medicine Diagnostik in der Veterinärmedizin Forst- und Holzwirtschaft Forestry and Timber Nachwachsende Rohstoffe Regenerable raw materials Forstliches Ingenieurwesen Forest engineering Forstpathologie Forest pathology Forstökologie Forest ecology Forest construction Forstliches Bauwesen Holzchemie Wood chemistry Holzschutz Wood preservation Forest technology Forsttechnik Forst- und Holzwirtschaftspolitik Forest and timber trade policy Forstliche Wirtschaftslehre Forest economics Forstentomologie Forest entomology Waldbau Silviculture Pulp and paper technology Zellstoff- und Papiertechnik Holzwirtschaft Timber trade and industry Bodenuntersuchungen Soil testing Holztechnologie Wood technology Forstschutz Forest protection Holzforschung Wood research Forstwirtschaft Forestry Livestock Breeding, Animal Production Viehzucht, Tierproduktion Mikrobiologie Microbiology Haustiergenetik Genetics of domesticated animals Fleischtechnologie Meat technology Fischereiwirtschaft Fisheries economics Animal nutrition Tierernährung Lebensmitteluntersuchung Food analysis Populationsgenetik Population genetics Feed analysis Futtermitteluntersuchung Fleischhygiene Meat hygiene Wildtierkunde Wildlife science Nutztierethologie Livestock ethology Hühnerprüfung Poultry testing Artificial insemination Künstliche Besamung Tierzucht Animal breeding Tierproduktion Animal production Bienenkunde Apiculture Mast- und Schlachtleistungen Fattening and slaughter performance Milchhygiene Milk hygiene Fischkunde Ichthyology Milchwirtschaft Dairy farming Poultry medicine Geflügelmedizin Schweineprüfung Pig testing Lebensmitteltechnologie Food technology Milchtechnologie Milk technology Käserei Cheese-making Animal husbandry Tierhaltung Versuchstierkunde, -zucht Laboratory animal research and breeding Ackerbau, Pflanzenzucht, Pflanzenschutz Agronomy, Plant Breeding, Plant Protection Getreidebau, Getreide Cereal cultivation, cereals Müllerei (Mehl) Milling (flour) Biologischer Landbau Organic farming Agrarökologie Agroecology Agricultural machines and equipment Landwirtschaftliche Maschinen und Geräte Lebensmitteltechnologie Food technology Pflanzenernährung und -düngung Plant nutrition and plant fertilization Regenerable raw materials Nachwachsende Rohstoffe Pflanzenschutz Plant protection Ackerbau Agronomy Tropischer und subtropischer Pflanzenbau Tropical and subtropical agriculture Landwirtschaftlich-virologische Untersuchungen Agricultural-virological examinations Plant cultivation Pflanzenbau Pflanzenzucht Plant breeding Zuckerforschung Sugar research Saatzucht Seed growing Bewässerungswirtschaft Irrigated agriculture Samenzucht und -prüfung Seed cultivation and testing Erneuerbare Energie (auch: Energieträger, Rohstoffe) Renewable energy (also energy sources, raw materials) Bodenuntersuchungen Soil testing Agricultural-chemical examinations Landwirtschaftlich-chemische Untersuchungen Landwirtschaftlich-bakteriologische Untersuchungen Agricultural-bacteriological examinations NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN NATURAL SCIENCES Mathematik, Informatik Mathematics, Computer Sciences Virtual Reality Virtual reality Symbolic Computation Symbolic computation Supercomputing Supercomputing Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (IT-Sicherheit) IT security Logic Logik Kombinatorik Combinatorics Bildwissenschaft Image science Computer software Computer Software Mathematische Statistik Mathematical statistics Kybernetik Cybernetics Computerintegrierte Fertigung (CIM) Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) Zahlentheorie Number theory Computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) Computerunterstütztes Entwerfen, - Produzieren (CAD/CAM) Angewandte Geometrie Applied geometry Digitale Bildverarbeitung und Graphik Digital image processing and graphics Informationssysteme Information systems Operations Research Operations research Systemtheorie Systems theory Versicherungsmathematik Actuarial mathematics Computerlinguistik Computational linguistics Artificial intelligence Artificial Intelligence Usability Research Usability research Informatik Informatics Formale Sprachen Formal languages Spieltheorie Game theory Management information systems Wirtschaftsinformatik Informationswissenschaft Information science Technische Mathematik Technical mathematics Computer algebra Computer Algebra Biomathematik Biomathematics Informations- und Datenverarbeitung Information and data processing Neuronale (Neurale) Netze Neuronal (neural) networks Numerische Mathematik Numerical mathematics Logistics Logistik Rechtsinformatik Legal informatics Computerunterstützte Animation Computer-aided animation Differentialgeometrie Differential geometry Informations-Design Information design Software engineering Software-Engineering Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) Elektronische Sprachverarbeitung Electronic voice processing ADP/EDP ADV, EDV Finanzmathematik Financial mathematics Web-Engineering Web engineering Geometrie Geometry Angewandte Mathematik Applied mathematics Algebra Algebra Computerunterstützte Simulation Computer-aided simulation Analysis Analysis Zeitreihenanalyse Time series analysis Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie Probability theory Computer-Netzwerke Computer networks Entwurf integrierter Schaltungen Integrated circuit design Mechatronik Mechatronics Topology Topologie Verteilte Systeme Distributed systems Numeric Computation Numeric computation Terminologie(-wissenschaft) Terminology Grid Computing Grid computing Pervasive Computing Pervasive Computing Human-Computer Interaction Human-computer interaction Statistik Statistics Bioinformatics Bioinformatik Geschichte der Mathematik History of mathematics Stochastik Stochastics Hydrologie, Hydrographie Hydrology, Hydrography Hydrogeologie Hydrogeology Wassertechnologie Water technology Hochwasser (-schutz) Flood control Hydrographie Hydrography Water analysis Wasseruntersuchung Abwasserreinigung Wastewater treatment Erosion (auch: Erosionskunde, -schutz) Erosion (also: erosion science, -protection) Water pollution control Gewässerschutz Wasserversorgung Water supply Limnologie Limnology Hydrobiologie Hydrobiology Mikrobiologie Microbiology Hydromechanics Hydromechanik Wasserhygiene Water hygiene Wildbach- und Lawinenkunde (-forschung) Torrent and avalanche research Wasserwirtschaft Water management Grundwasserwirtschaft Groundwater management Speläologie Speleology Hydrologie Hydrology Gewässerreinigung Water purification Hydrochemistry Hydrochemie Physik, Mechanik, Astronomie Physics, Mechanics, Astronomy Oberflächenphysik Surface physics Spektroskopie (auch: Molekül-) Spectroscopy (also: molecule -) Physikalische Elektronik Physical electronics Astronomie Astronomy Astrophysics Astrophysik Quantenoptik Quantum optics Akustik Acoustics Mechatronics Mechatronik Relativitätstheorie Theory of relativity Metallphysik Metal physics Technische Physik Technical physics Strahlenphysik Radiation physics Ion physics Ionenphysik Atom-, Kernphysik Atomic, nuclear physics Laserphysik Laser physics Halbleiterphysik Semiconductor physics Elektronenphysik Electron physics Festkörperphysik Solid state physics Mikromechanik (auch: - der Werkstoffe) Micromechanics (also: of materials) Kondensierte Materie Condensed matter Biomechanics Biomechanik Materialphysik Materials physics Kern-, Atomenergie Nuclear, atomic energy Experimentalphysik Experimental physics Neutronenphysik Neutron physics Polymer physics Polymerphysik Theoretische Physik Theoretical physics Radiumforschung Radium research Reaction kinetics Reaktionskinetik Statistische Physik Statistical physics Weltraumforschung Space exploration Mittelenergiephysik Medium energy physics Laserspektroskopie Laser spectroscopy Fluid mechanics Strömungslehre Angewandte Physik Applied physics Mathematische Physik Mathematical physics Plasmaphysik Plasma physics Biophysik Biophysics Quantum mechanics Quantenmechanik Strahlenschutz Radiation protection Massenspektrometrie Mass spectrometry Continuum mechanics Kontinuumsmechanik Bruchmechanik Fracture mechanics Elementarteilchenphysik Elementary particle physics Optik Optics Reaktorphysik Reactor physics High energy physics Hochenergiephysik Nanotechnologie Nanotechnology Photophysik Photophysics Allgemeine Mechanik General mechanics Dosimetrie Dosimetry Magnetismus Magnetism Quantenfeldtheorie Quantum field theory Geologie, Mineralogie Geology, Mineralogy Petrographie Petrography Kristallographie Crystallography Erosion (auch: Erosionskunde, -schutz) Erosion (also: Erosion science, -protection) Kulturgeologie Cultural geology Mineralogy Mineralogie Paläontologie Palaeontology Seismik Seismology Magnetics Magnetik Bodenkunde, -schutz Soil science, -protection Strukturchemie Structural chemistry Erdölgeologie Petroleum geology Geophysik Geophysics Torrent and avalanche research Wildbach- und Lawinenkunde (-forschung) Geologie Geology Technische Geologie Technical geology Geomorphologie Geomorphology Glaziologie Glaciology Tektonik Tectonics Geodynamik Geodynamics Geothermie Geothermics Mining geology Montangeologie Sedimentologie Sedimentology Gravimetrie Gravimetry Gesteinskunde Petrology Baugeologie Construction geology Petrology Petrologie Geochemie Geochemistry Ingenieurgeologie Engineering geology Stratigraphy Stratigraphie Geostatistik Geostatistics Biology, Botany, Zoology Biologie, Botanik, Zoologie Phytochemie Phytochemistry Mikrobiologie Microbiology Biomechanik Biomechanics Biodiversitätsforschung Biodiversity research Biotechnology Biotechnologie Zoologie Zoology Nanotechnologie Nanotechnology Ecology of plants Ökologie der Pflanzen Botanik Botany Chronobiologie Chronobiology Gentechnik, -technologie Genetic engineering, - technology Photobiologie Photobiology Enzyme technology Enzymtechnologie Paläobotanik Palaeobotany Ökologie der Tiere Ecology of animals Tiersystematik Animal systematics Gefäßbiologie Vascular biology Geobotanik Geobotany Biochemie Biochemistry Genetik Genetics General biology Allgemeine Biologie Paläontologie Palaeontology Theoretische Biologie Theoretical biology Zellbiologie (Cytologie) Cell biology (cytology) Neurobiologie Neurobiology DNA analysis (also: genetic fingerprinting) DNA-Analyse (auch: genetischer Fingerabdruck) Phytotechnologie Phytotechnology Systematische Botanik Systematic botany Genomics Genomik Biomathematik Biomathematics Tierphysiologie Animal physiology Tieranatomie Animal anatomy Spektroskopie (auch: Molekül-) Spectroscopy (also: molecule -) Biophysics Biophysik Vegetationskunde Vegetation science Evolution Evolution Entwicklungsgeschichte Developmental history Pflanzenphysiologie Plant physiology Zoophysiology Zoophysiologie Faunistik Faunistics Experimentelle Zoologie Experimental zoology Mycology Mykologie Proteomik Proteomics Humanbiologie Human biology Molekularbiologie Molecular biology Vergleichende Verhaltensforschung (Ethologie) Comparative behaviour (ethology) Ecosystem research Ökosystemforschung Tiergeographie Zoogeography Strukturbiologie Structural biology Strahlenbiologie Radiation biology Pflanzenmorphologie Plant morphology Pflanzenanatomie Plant anatomy Stammzellenforschung Stem cell research Biologische Anthropologie Biological anthropology Ultrastructure research Ultrastrukturforschung Entwicklungsbiologie Developmental biology Biostatistik Biostatistics Phylogenie Phylogeny Bioinformatik Bioinformatics Reproductive biology Reproduktionsbiologie Limnologie Limnology Populationsgenetik Population genetics Glycobiology Glykobiolobie Chemische Biologie Chemical biology Ersatzmethoden zu Tierversuchen Replacement methods of animal experiments Versuchstierkunde, -zucht Laboratory animal research and breeding Geographie Geography Politische Geographie Political geography Regionale Geographie Regional geography Angewandte Geographie Applied geography Geographische Informationssysteme (GIS) Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Cartography Kartographie Glaziologie Glaciology Wirtschaftsgeographie Economic geography Cultural geography Kulturgeographie Topographie Topography Physische Geographie Physical geography Regionalentwicklung, -splanung Regional development planning Sozialgeographie Social geography Population geography Bevölkerungsgeographie Geomorphologie Geomorphology Chemie Chemistry Enzymtechnologie Enzyme technology Umweltchemie Environmental chemistry Gerichtliche Chemie Forensic chemistry Lebensmittelchemie Food chemistry Structural biology Strukturbiologie Strahlenchemie Radiation chemistry Analytische Chemie Analytical chemistry Corrosion protection Korrosionsschutz Biotechnologie Biotechnology Röntgenfluoreszenz (-analyse) X-ray fluorescence (analysis) Spektroskopie (auch: Molekül-) Spectroscopy (also: molecule -) Allgemeine Chemie General chemistry Technical chemistry Technische Chemie Mikrochemie Microchemistry Anorganische Chemie Inorganic chemistry Oberflächenchemie Surface chemistry Theoretische Chemie Theoretical chemistry Biochemie Biochemistry Biochemische Technologie Biochemical technology Chemische Technologie Chemical technology Organic chemistry Organische Chemie Physikalische Chemie Physical chemistry Reaktionskinetik Reaction kinetics Makromolekulare Chemie Macromolecular chemistry Radiochemie Radiochemistry Solid state chemistry Festkörperchemie Photochemie Photo chemistry Elektrochemie Electrochemistry Structural chemistry Strukturchemie Polymerchemie Polymer chemistry Chemische Biologie Chemical biology Organometallchemie Organometallic chemistry Naturstoffchemie Natural product chemistry Biocatalysis Biokatalyse Meteorology, Climatology Meteorologie, Klimatologie Weltraumforschung Space exploration Geophysik Geophysics Agrarmeteorologie Agrometeorology Erderwärmung, globale - Global warming Glaciology Glaziologie Meteorologie Meteorology Klimatologie Climatology Bioclimatology Bioklimatologie Sonstige und interdisziplinäre Naturwissenschaften Other and interdisciplinary Natural Sciences Hochwasser (-schutz) Flood control Ökologische Langzeitforschung Long-term ecological research Bodenkunde, -schutz Soil science, -protection Luftreinhaltung Air pollution control Exercise sciences Trainingswissenschaft Elektronenmikroskopie Electron microscopy Computerunterstützte Simulation Computer-aided simulation Soil bioengineering Ingenieurbiologie Zivil- und Katastrophenschutz Civil defence and disaster control Dosimetrie Dosimetry Isotopentechnik Isotope technology Gaschromatographie Gas chromatography Ecotoxicology Ökotoxikologie Informations-Design Information design Geschichte der Mathematik History of mathematics Umweltschutz Environmental protection Altlastensanierung Clean-up of contaminated sites Naturwissenschaften interdisziplinär Interdisciplinary natural sciences Risikoforschung Risk research Textilchemie, -physik Textile chemistry, -physics Subject didactics (natural sciences) Fachdidaktik (Naturwissenschaften) Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften History of natural sciences Lebensmitteluntersuchung Food analysis Röntgenstrukturanalyse X-ray structure analysis Ökotechnik (""Ecotech"") Ecotech Resource economics, - management Rohstoffforschung, -wirtschaft Wissensmanagement Knowledge management Naturschutz(-forschung) Nature conservation (- research) Environmental research Umweltforschung Naturwissenschaftliche Dokumentation Natural scientific documentation Umweltchemie Environmental chemistry Abfallwirtschaft Waste management Archäometrie Archeometry Nutritional sciences Ernährungswissenschaften HUMANMEDIZIN HUMAN MEDICINE Klinische Medizin (ausgenommen Chirurgie und Psychiatrie) Clinical Medicine (except Surgery and Psychiatry) Sonographie Sonography Innere Medizin Internal medicine Allergieforschung Allergy research Rehabilitationsforschung Rehabilitation research Balneology Balneologie Transplantationsmedizin Transplantation medicine Sozialmedizin Social medicine Ear, nose and throat diseases Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenkrankheiten Hör-, Stimm- und Sprachstörungen Hearing, voice and speech disabilities Laboratoriumsdiagnostik Laboratory diagnostics Nephrologie Nephrology Kreislauferkrankungen Circulatory diseases Endocrinology Endokrinologie Stoffwechselerkrankungen Metabolic diseases Geriatrie Geriatrics Neonatologie Neonatology Dermatologie Dermatology Diagnostik in der Medizin Diagnosis in medicine Notfallmedizin Emergency medicine Lungenheilkunde Pulmonary medicine Computer-aided diagnosis and therapy Computerunterstützte Diagnose und Therapie Orthopädie Orthopaedics Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten Skin and venereal diseases Chemotherapie Chemotherapy Rheumatologie Rheumatology Nuclear medicine Nuklearmedizin Kinderheilkunde Paediatrics Klinische Chemie Clinical chemistry Syphilology Syphilidologie Allgemeinmedizin General practice Pränatale Diagnostik Prenatal diagnostics Radiodiagnostik Radiodiagnostics Palliativmedizin Palliative medicine Intensive care medicine Intensivmedizin Kieferorthopädie Orthodontics Urologie Urology Kieferchirurgie Oral surgery Gynäkologie Gynaecology Perinatology Perinatologie Polytraumaversorgung Multiple trauma care Strahlenschutz Radiation protection Diabetology Diabetologie Akupunktur Acupuncture Strahlentherapie Radiation therapy Sportmedizin Sports medicine Schmerztherapie Pain therapy Physical medicine Physikalische Medizin Geburtshilfe Obstetrics Gastroenterologie Gastroenterology Implantologie Implantology Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde Dentistry Augenheilkunde Ophthalmology Hepatologie Hepatology Venerologie Venereology Andrology Andrologie Kardiologie Cardiology Angiologie Angiology Radiologie Radiology Schlafmedizin Sleep medicine Oncology Onkologie Hämatologie Haematology Pharmazie, Pharmakologie, Toxikologie Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Toxicology Pharmakologie Pharmacology Impfstoffentwicklung Vaccine development Arzneimittel-, Arzneistoffanalyse Pharmaceutical and drug analysis Psychopharmakologie Psychopharmacology Pharmacokinetics Pharmakokinetik Toxikologie Toxicology Phytochemie Phytochemistry Homeopathy Homöopathie Pharmakodynamik Pharmacodynamics Pharmazeutische Chemie Pharmaceutical chemistry Neuropharmakologie Neuropharmacology Pharmazeutische Technologie Pharmaceutical technology Pharmacognosy Pharmakognosie Pharmazie Pharmaceutics Naturstoffchemie Natural product chemistry Medizinische Chemie, Medizinische Physik, Physiologie Medical Chemistry, Medical Physics, Physiology Elektronenmikroskopie Electron microscopy Computertomographie Computed tomography Radiologie Radiology Strahlenchemie Radiation chemistry Cytogenetics Cytogenetik Stammzellenforschung Stem cell research Strahlenbiologie Radiation biology Cancer research Krebsforschung Impfstoffentwicklung Vaccine development Zellbiologie (Cytologie) Cell biology (cytology) Medizinische Physik Medical physics Strahlenschutz Radiation protection Human genetics Humangenetik Neurochemie Neurochemistry Allgemeine Physiologie General physiology Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) Magnetic resonance tomography Nuklearmedizin Nuclear medicine Medizinische Molekularbiologie Medical molecular biology Biomechanik Biomechanics Proteomik Proteomics Sonography Sonographie Medizinische Physiologie Medical physiology Neuro- und Sinnesphysiologie Neurophysiology and sense physiology Medizinische Biochemie Medical biochemistry Vergleichende Physiologie Comparative physiology Electro- and biomedical technology Elektro- und Biomedizinische Technik Medizinische Chemie Medical chemistry Balneologie Balneology Radiation therapy Strahlentherapie Biophysik Biophysics Genomik Genomics Strahlenphysik Radiation physics Medizinische Biologie Medical biology Vascular biology Gefäßbiologie Glykobiologie Glycobiology Lipidforschung Lipidomics research Sonstige und interdisziplinäre Humanmedizin Other and interdisciplinary Human Medicine Notfallmedizin Emergency medicine Ergonomie Ergonomics Verkehrsmedizin Traffic medicine Medizinische Informatik Medical informatics Hospital hygiene Krankenhaushygiene Medizinische Computerwissenschaften Medical computer sciences Ernährungswissenschaften Nutritional sciences Medical sociology Medizinsoziologie Biostatistik Biostatistics Krankenhausökonomie Hospital economics Medizinische Kybernetik Medical cybernetics Pflegewissenschaft Nursing science Health sciences Gesundheitswissenschaften Gender Studies (Humanmedizin) Gender studies (human medicine) Patientenrechte Patient rights Gerontologie Gerontology Medizinische Statistik Medical statistics Elektronenmikroskopie Electron microscopy Computerunterstützte Diagnose und Therapie Computer-aided diagnosis and therapy Medizinische Ethik Medical ethics Medical documentation Medizinische Dokumentation Homöopathie Homeopathy Gentechnik, -technologie Genetic engineering, - technology Biotechnologie Biotechnology Bioinformatik Bioinformatics Environmental medicine Umweltmedizin Humanmedizin interdisziplinär Interdisciplinary human medicine Geschichte der Medizin History of medicine Subject didactics (human medicine) Fachdidaktik (Humanmedizin) Ökonomie des Gesundheitswesens Economics of the health system Ersatzmethoden zu Tierversuchen Replacement methods of animal experiments Sportwissenschaften Sport sciences Surgery and Anaesthesiology Chirurgie und Anästhesiologie Orthopädie Orthopaedics Kinderchirurgie Paediatric surgery Gefäßchirurgie Vascular surgery Laserchirurgie Laser surgery Acupuncture Akupunktur Herzchirurgie Heart surgery Neurochirurgie Neurosurgery Oncological surgery Onkologische Chirurgie Mikrochirurgie Microsurgery Intensivmedizin Intensive care medicine Thorax- und Hyperbare Chirurgie Thorax and hyperbaric surgery Unfallchirurgie Accident surgery Pain therapy Schmerztherapie Nuklearmedizin Nuclear medicine Implantologie Implantology Polytraumaversorgung Multiple trauma care Anästhesiologie Anaesthesiology Bluttransfusionskunde Blood transfusion Navigationschirurgie Navigation surgery Allgemeine Chirurgie General surgery Transplantation surgery Transplantationschirurgie Gastro-intestinale Chirurgie Gastrointestinal surgery Experimentelle Chirurgie Experimental surgery Kieferchirurgie Oral surgery Notfallmedizin Emergency medicine Plastic and reconstructive surgery Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie Gerichtsmedizin Forensic Medicine Gerichtliche Veterinärmedizin Forensic veterinary medicine Forensische Psychiatrie Forensic psychiatry DNA-Analyse (auch: genetischer Fingerabdruck) DNA analysis (also: genetic fingerprinting) Gerichtliche Chemie Forensic chemistry Forensic human medicine Gerichtliche Humanmedizin Blutspurenanalyse Bloodstain pattern analysis Forensische Radiologie Forensic radiology Hygiene, medizinische Mikrobiologie Hygiene, Medical Microbiology Lebensmittelhygiene Food hygiene Hygiene Hygiene Bluttransfusionskunde Blood transfusion Diagnostik in der Medizin Diagnosis in medicine Neuro-, Psychoimmunology Neuro-, Psychoimmunologie Spezifische Prophylaxe (Impfschutz) Specific prophylaxis (protection by vaccination) Präventivmedizin Preventive medicine Immunology Immunologie Berufskrankheiten Occupational diseases Silikoseforschung Silicosis research Umwelthygiene Environmental hygiene Epidemiologie Epidemiology Allergy research Allergieforschung Leukämieforschung Leukaemia research Krankenhaushygiene Hospital hygiene Stressforschung Stress research Bakteriologisch-serologische Untersuchungen Bacteriological-serological examinations Rehabilitationsforschung Rehabilitation research Arbeitsmedizin Occupational medicine Seuchenforschung Epidemic research Tropical medicine Tropenmedizin Lufthygiene Air hygiene Blutgruppenserologie Blood group serology Krebsforschung Cancer research Parasitologie Parasitology Social medicine Sozialmedizin HIV-Forschung HIV research Medizinische Mikrobiologie Medical microbiology Water hygiene Wasserhygiene Serologie Serology Impfstoffentwicklung Vaccine development Bakteriologie Bacteriology Hämatologie Haematology Virology Virologie Psychiatry and Neurology Psychiatrie und Neurologie Psychopathologie Psychopathology Medizinische Psychotherapie Medical psychotherapy Stressforschung Stress research Verhaltenstherapie Behavioural therapy Child and adolescent psychiatry Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie Neuropathologie Neuropathology Psychoanalyse Psychoanalysis Neurosurgery Neurochirurgie Tiefenpsychologie Depth psychology Neurologie Neurology Neuro-, Psychoimmunologie Neuro-, Psychoimmunology Neuro- und Sinnesphysiologie Neurophysiology and sense physiology Neuropsychology Neuropsychologie Diagnostik in der Medizin Diagnosis in medicine Klinische Psychiatrie Clinical psychiatry Psychopharmakologie Psychopharmacology Hör-, Stimm- und Sprachstörungen Hearing, voice and speech disabilities Linguistik, klinische -, Neuro-, Linguistics, clinical -, neuro - Mikrochirurgie Microsurgery Psychosomatik Psychosomatics Medical psychology Medizinische Psychologie Forensische Psychiatrie Forensic psychiatry Rehabilitationsforschung Rehabilitation research Sonder- und Heilpädagogik Orthopaedagogy Neuropharmakologie Neuropharmacology Addiction research Suchtforschung Sozialpsychiatrie Social psychiatry Hirnforschung Brain research Clinical neurosciences Klinische Neurowissenschaften Anatomie, Pathologie Anatomy, Pathology Pathophysiologie Pathophysiology Embryologie Embryology Funktionelle Anatomie Functional anatomy Zellbiologie (Cytologie) Cell biology (cytology) General pathology Allgemeine Pathologie Neuropathologie Neuropathology Topographische Anatomie Topographical anatomy Experimental pathology Experimentelle Pathologie Krebsforschung Cancer research Röntgenanatomie X-ray anatomy Funktionelle Pathologie Functional pathology Systematische Anatomie Systematic anatomy Molecular pathology Molekulare Pathologie Onkologie Oncology Diagnostik in der Medizin Diagnosis in medicine Histologie Histology Pathologische Anatomie Pathological anatomy Allgemeine Anatomie General anatomy Psychopathologie Psychopathology TECHNISCHE WISSENSCHAFTEN TECHNICAL SCIENCES Geodäsie, Vermessungswesen Geodesy, Surveying Kartographie Cartography Ingenieurgeodäsie Geodetic engineering Erdmessung Geodetic surveying Topographie Topography Cadastral surveying Katastervermessung Landesvermessung Land surveying Geodäsie, auch: Höhere - Geodesy GPS (Global Positioning System) GPS (Satellitengestützte Koordinatenmessung) Photogrammetrie Photogrammetry 3D-Vermessung 3D-surveying Vermessungswesen Surveying Fernerkundung Remote sensing Elektrotechnik, Elektronik Electrical Engineering, Electronics Tieftemperaturforschung [Elektrotechnik, Elektronik] Cryogenic research Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (IT-Sicherheit) IT security Starkstromtechnik Heavy-current engineering Elektrische Anlagen (Bau und Betrieb) Electrical power systems (construction and operation) Navigation Navigation Industrielle Elektronik Industrial electronics Hochspannungstechnik High-voltage engineering Energy technology Energietechnik Supraleitung Superconductivity Optische Nachrichtentechnik Optical communication engineering Allgemeine Elektronik General electronics Elektrische Antriebstechnik Electrical drive engineering Physical electronics Physikalische Elektronik Hochfrequenztechnik High-frequency engineering Wellenausbreitung Wave propagation Geoelektrik Geoelectrics Niederfrequenztechnik Low-frequency engineering Elektrische Steuerungstechnik Open loop control engineering Radiotechnik Radio engineering Elektrische Energie Electrical energy Theoretical electrical engineering Theoretische Elektrotechnik Elektrotechnische Messkunde Electrotechnical measurements Mikrowellentechnik Microwave engineering Elektrizitätswesen Electricity Elektrische Regelungstechnik Automatic control engineering Sensor technology Sensorik Computer-Netzwerke Computer networks Computer Hardware, ADVA Computer hardware, ADVA Electrical machines (construction and operation) Elektrische Maschinen (Bau und Betrieb) Allgemeine Elektrotechnik General electrical engineering Robotik (Robotertechnik) Robotics Signalverarbeitung analog, digital Signal processing (analogous, digital) Schwachstromtechnik Light-current engineering Semiconductor technology Halbleitertechnologie Lasertechnik Laser technology Neuronale (Neurale) Netze Neuronal (neural) networks Solartechnologie Solar technology Photovoltaik Photovoltaics Telecommunications engineering Fernmeldetechnik Laserspektroskopie Laser spectroscopy Telekommunikation, Mobil- Telecommunications Integrated circuit design Entwurf integrierter Schaltungen Radartechnik Radar engineering Mechatronik Mechatronics Mikroelektronik Microelectronics Nachrichtentechnik Communication engineering Electrical lighting Elektrische Beleuchtung Elektro- und Biomedizinische Technik Electro- and biomedical technology Elektromagnetismus Electromagnetism Elektronenstrahltechnik Electron beam technology Audiotechnik Audio technology Leistungselektronik Power electronics Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit Electromagnetic compatibility Human-Computer Interaction Human-computer interaction Embedded systems Embedded Systems Verkehrswesen, Verkehrsplanung Traffic System, Traffic Planning Verkehrswirtschaft Traffic economics Straßenplanung Road planning Eisenbahnwesen Railway engineering Verkehrstechnik Traffic engineering Accident research Unfallforschung Straßenbau Road construction Verkehrsplanung, -sicherheit Traffic planning, - security Ropeways Seilbahnwesen Transportwirtschaft Transport economics Verkehrswesen Traffic system and transportation Bergbau, Metallurgie Mining, Metallurgy Verbrennungstechnik Combustion technology Erdölgeologie Petroleum geology Metallkunde Physical metallurgy Eisenhüttentechnologie Ironworks technology Mining geology Montangeologie Umformtechnik Forming technology (metal) Markscheidekunde Mine surveying Underground mining Untertagebau Wärmetechnik Heat engineering Industrieofenbau Industrial furnace engineering Erdölgewinnung Petroleum engineering Gesteinshüttentechnologie Ceramics engineering Materials testing Werkstoffprüfung, Material- Bergschadenkunde Mining damage Gießereitechnologie Foundry technology Lagerstättenerschließung Exploration of mineral deposits Tiefbohrtechnik Deep drilling techniques Schweißtechnik Welding engineering Fördertechnik Conveying technology Feuerfeste Baustoffe Fireproof building materials Mineral resources processing Aufbereitung mineralischer Rohstoffe Metallurgie Metallurgy Lagerstättenkunde Economic geology Werkstofftechnik Materials technology Nichteisenmetallurgie Nonferrous metallurgy Mining engineering Bergbaukunde Technical Chemistry, Fuel and Petroleum Engineering Technische Chemie, Brennstoff- und Mineralöltechnologie Korrosionsschutz Corrosion protection Werkstoffprüfung, Material- Materials testing Mineralöltechnologie Petroleum technology Brennstofftechnologie Fuel technology Organic chemical technology Organisch-chemische Technologie Brandverhütung, Brandschutz Fire prevention, fire protection Silikatchemie Silicate chemistry Thermodynamics (also: chemical) Thermodynamik (auch: chemische -) Technische Chemie Technical chemistry Verbrennungstechnik Combustion technology Anorganisch-chemische Technologie Inorganic chemical technology Beschichtungstechnik Coating technology Plastics processing Kunststoffverarbeitung Biochemische Technologie Biochemical technology Zellstoff- und Papiertechnik Pulp and paper technology Materialchemie Materials chemistry Chemische Technologie Chemical technology Kunststofftechnik Plastics technology Sprengtechnik Explosives technology Kunststoffkunde Polymer science Maschinenbau, Instrumentenbau Mechanical Engineering Wärmetechnik Heat engineering Thermische Turbomaschinen Thermal turboengines Kältetechnik Refrigeration engineering Industrieofenbau Industrial furnace engineering Conveying technology Fördertechnik Robotik (Robotertechnik) Robotics Verbrennungskraftmaschinen Internal combustion engines Materials testing Werkstoffprüfung, Material- Heizungstechnik Heating engineering Feinwerktechnik Precision engineering Dampf- und Gasturbinen Steam and gas turbines Montanmaschinenwesen Mining machine technology Micromechanics (also: of materials) Mikromechanik (auch: - der Werkstoffe) Wasserkraftmaschinen und Pumpen Hydraulic engines and pumps Kessel-, Reaktorbau Boiler and reactor construction Apparatebau Apparatus construction Wärmepumpen Heat pumps Reaktortechnik Reactor technology Kraftfahrwesen Automotive engineering Umformtechnik Forming technology (metal) Aircraft construction Flugzeugbau Leichtbau Lightweight construction Tribologie Tribology Theoretische Maschinenlehre Theoretical mechanical engineering Maschinendynamik Mechanical dynamics Automotive technology Kraftfahrzeugtechnik Zellstoff- und Papiertechnik Pulp and paper technology Computer Hardware, ADVA Computer hardware, ADVA Ship technology Schiffstechnik Messtechnik Measurement technology Mechanische Technologie Mechanical technology Tunnelbelüftung Tunnel ventilation Instrumentenbau Instrument construction Energy technology Energietechnik Thermodynamik (auch: chemische -) Thermodynamics (also: chemical) Maschinenbau Mechanical engineering Strömungslehre Fluid mechanics Technische Mechanik Technical mechanics Mechatronics Mechatronik Strömungsmaschinen Turbo machines Klimatechnik Air conditioning technology Fracture mechanics Bruchmechanik Architektur Architecture Altbausanierung Old building restoration Stahlbetonbau Reinforced concrete construction Holzbau Timber construction Umweltgestaltung Environmental planning Architectural design Architektonische Gestaltung Tragwerkslehre Structural design Denkmalpflege Preservation of monuments Interior decoration Innenarchitektur Architekturmodellbau Architectural model building Städtebau Urban planning Hochbau Structural engineering Raumkunst Spatial arts Construction research Bauforschung Solararchitektur Solar architecture Wohnbau Residential building Innenraumgestaltung Interior design Architekturtheorie Architectural theory Architektur Architecture Industriebau Industrial construction Stadt-, Dorferneuerung Urban, village renovation Survey of buildings Bauaufnahmen Tiefbau Civil engineering Gartenkunst Horticultural art Leichtbau Lightweight construction Raumgestaltung Spatial design Designing Entwerfen Brückenbau Bridge engineering Stahlbau Steel construction Building typology Gebäudelehre Baustatik Structural statics Baukunst Building design Bauökologie Building ecology Civil Engineering Bautechnik Lärmschutz, Schallschutz Noise protection, sound control Brandverhütung, Brandschutz Fire prevention, fire protection Baustoffprüfung Building materials testing Bauphysik Building physics Soil mechanics Bodenmechanik Landwirtschaftlicher Wasserbau Agricultural hydraulic engineering Bauwirtschaft Building trade Structural engineering Hochbau Altbausanierung Old building restoration Tragwerkslehre Structural design Festigkeitslehre Strength of materials Bahnbau Railway construction Bridge engineering Brückenbau Bautechnik Constructional engineering Leichtbau Lightweight construction Baudynamik Structural dynamics Ingenieurbiologie Soil bioengineering Wildbach- und Lawinenverbauung Torrent and avalanche restraining technology Felsmechanik Rock mechanics Wasserkraftanlagenbau Hydro power plant construction Hydraulics Hydraulik Stahlbetonbau Reinforced concrete construction Holzbau Timber construction Industriebau Industrial construction Bauökologie Building ecology Water and sanitary engineering Siedlungswasserbau Tiefbau Civil engineering Baustofflehre Construction material practice River engineering Flussbau Grundbau Foundation engineering Landwirtschaftliches Bauwesen Agricultural construction Mechanische Technologie Mechanical technology Baustatik Structural statics Construction management Baubetrieb Bruchmechanik Fracture mechanics Bauaufnahmen Survey of buildings Stahlbau Steel construction Straßenbau Road construction Tunnelling Tunnelbau Konstruktiver Wasserbau Constructional hydraulic engineering Untertagebau Underground mining Aerodynamics Aerodynamik Bauforschung Construction research Erdbau Geotechnics Tunnelbelüftung Tunnel ventilation Ingenieurgeologie Engineering geology Sonstige und interdisziplinäre Technische Wissenschaften Other and interdisciplinary Technical Sciences Technikfolgenabschätzung Technology assessment Gaschromatographie Gas chromatography Umweltökonomie Environmental economics Tieftemperaturforschung Cryogenic research Computer-aided simulation Computerunterstützte Simulation Fermentierung Fermentation Qualitätssicherung Quality control Nanotechnology Nanotechnologie Fertigungstechnik Manufacturing technology Elektronenmikroskopie Electron microscopy Sprengtechnik Explosives technology Informationstechnologie Information technology Renewable energy (also energy sources, raw materials) Erneuerbare Energie (auch: Energieträger, Rohstoffe) Abfallwirtschaft Waste management Produktgestaltung Product design Audiovisuelle Medien Audiovisual media Zivil- und Katastrophenschutz Civil defence and disaster control Archäometrie Archeometry Aerodynamik Aerodynamics Luftfahrttechnik Aeronautical technology Ergonomics Ergonomie Verpackungswesen Packaging Energieforschung Energy research Automatisierung Automation Usabilty Research Usability research Data security and data privacy Datenschutz und Datensicherheit Biotechnologie Biotechnology Rohstoffforschung, -wirtschaft Resource economics, - management IT security Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (IT-Sicherheit) Gender Studies (Technische Wissenschaften) Gender studies (technical sciences) Abluftreinigung Waste air purification Risikoforschung Risk research Dosimetrie Dosimetry Technical history Technikgeschichte Technikphilosophie Philosophy of technology Röntgenstrukturanalyse X-ray structure analysis Schadensanalyse Failure analysis Forschungs- und Innovationsmanagement Research and innovation management Sociology of technology Techniksoziologie Wissensmanagement Knowledge management Ökologische Langzeitforschung Long-term ecological research Ergonomics Arbeitswissenschaft Humanökologie Human ecology Nachhaltige Entwicklung, Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften Sustainable development, sustainable economics Geschichte der Technischen Wissenschaften History of technical sciences Altlastensanierung Clean-up of contaminated sites Ecodesign Ecodesign Technische Dokumentation Technical documentation Behindertenfragen, -forschung Disability issues, Handicapped research Lichttechnologie Light technology Umweltschutz Environmental protection Textilchemie, -physik Textile chemistry, -physics Schadstoffemission Pollutant emission Graphische Technik Graphical techniques Pollutant deposition Schadstoffdeposition Informationsgesellschaft Information society Allgemeine Verfahrenstechnik General process engineering Energieeinsparung (Maßnahmen zur -) Energy saving (Measures for) Rohstoffrückgewinnung (Recycling) Recycling Interdisciplinary technical sciences Technische Wissenschaften interdisziplinär Umwelttechnologie Environmental technology Betriebstechnik Industrial technology Ecotech Ökotechnik (""Ecotech"") Telekommunikation, Mobil- Telecommunications Luftreinhaltung Air pollution control Wirtschaftstechnik Business technology Textiltechnik Textile technology Power industry Energiewirtschaft Fachdidaktik (Technische Wissenschaften) Subject didactics (technical sciences) Abfalltechnologie Waste technology Technologietransfer Technology transfer Technische Statistik Technical statistics SOZIALWISSENSCHAFTEN SOCIAL SCIENCES Wirtschaftswissenschaften Economics Qualitätsmanagement Quality management Marktforschung Market research Genossenschaftswesen Cooperative systems Wirtschaftsinformatik Management information systems Hospital economics Krankenhausökonomie Kulturökonomie Cultural economics Absatzwirtschaft Distributive trades Public economy Öffentliche Wirtschaft Produktionsforschung Production research Landwirtschaftliche Betriebswirtschaft Farm management Finanzwirtschaft Financial management Non-Profit-Sector-Forschung (NPO, NPI) Non-profit-sector research (NPO, NPI) Accounting Rechnungswesen Umweltmanagement Environmental management Projektmanagement Project management Betriebliche Finanzwirtschaft Corporate finances Strukturpolitik Structural policy Wirtschaftspolitik Economic policy Fremdenverkehrsforschung Tourism research Revisions- und Treuhandwesen Auditing and trusts Information society Informationsgesellschaft Computerintegrierte Fertigung (CIM) Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) Warenwirtschaftslehre Commodity science Betriebswirtschaftliche Logistik Business logistics Gemeinwirtschaft Social economy Financial mathematics Finanzmathematik Agrarpolitik Agricultural policy Operations Research Operations research Business management Unternehmensführung Wirtschaftstechnik [Wirtschaftswissenschaften] Business technology Nachhaltige Entwicklung, Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften Sustainable development, sustainable economics Volkswirtschaftstheorie Political economic theory Wirtschaftspädagogik Business education Environmental economics Umweltökonomie Volkswirtschaftspolitik Political economic policy Ökonometrie Econometrics Organisationsforschung Organizational research Steuerlehre, betriebswirtschaftliche - Business taxation Science of advertising Werbewissenschaft Bankbetriebslehre Bank management Arbeitsmarktforschung Labour market research Economic history Wirtschaftsgeschichte Standortplanung Site selection Industriebetriebslehre Industrial management Ökonomie des Gesundheitswesens Economics of the health system Controlling Controlling Economics of location Standortökonomie Nationalökonomie National/Political economy Außenhandel Foreign trade Gewerbeforschung Trade Research Unternehmensberatung Management consulting Wirtschaftsanalysen Economic analyses Handelswissenschaft Commercial science Marketing Marketing Management sciences Betriebswissenschaften Innovationsforschung Innovation research Politische Ökonomie Political economics Personalwesen, -wirtschaft Human resource management, personnel management Landwirtschaftliche Marktlehre Agricultural marketing Economic theory Wirtschaftstheorie Betriebswirtschaftslehre Business and management economics Transportwirtschaft Transport economics Agricultural economics Agrarökonomie Betriebliche Datenverarbeitung Business data processing Finanzwissenschaft Public finance Industrielle Unternehmensforschung Industrial operations research Welthandelslehre World trade science Foreign aid Entwicklungshilfe Fertigungswirtschaft Manufacturing Regulierungsökonomik Regulatory economics Industrieökonomik Industrial economics Makroökonomie Macroeconomics Angewandte Statistik, Sozialstatistik Applied Statistics, Social Statistics Zeitreihenanalyse Time series analysis Statistische Erhebungen Statistical surveys Wirtschaftsstatistik Economic statistics Demographie Demography Population statistics Bevölkerungsstatistik Angewandte Statistik Applied statistics Sozialstatistik Social statistics Politikwissenschaft Political Science Europarecht European law Politikwissenschaft Political science Föderalismusforschung Federalism research Politische Systeme Political systems Foreign aid Entwicklungshilfe Politik und öffentliches Recht Politics and public law Ideologiekritik Critique of ideology Conflict research Konfliktforschung Politische Theorie Political theory Rechts- und Staatsphilosophie Legal and political philosophy Politische Bildung Political education Internationale Beziehungen International relations Peace research Friedensforschung Europäische Integration European integration Philosophie der Politik Philosophy of politics Allgemeine Staatslehre General political science Forschungsrecht, -politik Research law, -policy Politikfeldanalyse Policy analysis Entwicklungspolitik Development policy Pädagogik, Erziehungswissenschaften Pedagogy, Educational Sciences E-Learning, Telelearning E-learning, telelearning Vergleichende Erziehungswissenschaft Comparative educational science Gruppendynamik Group dynamics Museumspädagogik Museum didactics Adult education Erwachsenenbildung Theoretische Pädagogik Theoretical pedagogy Unterrichtswissenschaft Education science Leisure/recreation pedagogy Freizeitpädagogik Bildungsökonomie Educational economy Atem- und Stimmerziehung Breathing and vocal training Pädagogische Psychologie Educational psychology Wirtschaftspädagogik Business education Educational sociology Bildungssoziologie Bildungsforschung Educational research Bildungsplanung Educational planning Motivationspsychologie Motivational psychology Fachdidaktik (Geisteswissenschaften) Subject didactics (humanities) Fachdidaktik (Sozialwissenschaften) Subject didactics (social sciences) Hochschuldidaktik University didactics Sozialpädagogik Social pedagogy Orthopaedagogy Sonder- und Heilpädagogik Sportpädagogik Physical education Lernpsychologie Psychology of learning Fachdidaktik (Technische Wissenschaften) Subject didactics (technical sciences) Musikpädagogik Music education Pedagogical sociology Pädagogische Soziologie Didaktik Didactics Schulmathematik und Didaktik der Mathematik School mathematics (didactics) Media pedagogy Medienpädagogik Fachdidaktik (Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin) Subject didactics (agriculture, forestry and veterinary medicine) Behindertenfragen, -forschung Disability issues, Handicapped research Trainingswissenschaft Exercise sciences Fachdidaktik (Humanmedizin) Subject didactics (human medicine) Vocational pedagogy Berufspädagogik Betriebspädagogik In-company education and training Allgemeine Pädagogik General education Fachdidaktik (Naturwissenschaften) Subject didactics (natural sciences) Sportwissenschaften Sport sciences Applied pedagogy Angewandte Pädagogik Schulpädagogik School pedagogy Begabungs- und Begabtenforschung Gifted and talented education research Political education Politische Bildung Legal Sciences Rechtswissenschaften Rechtstheorie Theory of law Rechtsinformatik Legal informatics Menschenrechte (auch: Schutz der -) Human rights (also: protection of - ) Grund- und Menschenrechte Basic and Human rights Social security law Sozialversicherungsrecht Verfassungsrecht (österreichisches -, europäisches -) Constitutional law (Austrian-, European-) Versicherungsrecht Insurance law Austrian administrative law Österreichisches Verwaltungsrecht Datenschutz und Datensicherheit Data security and data privacy Mietrecht Rent law Patientenrechte Patient rights Kriminologie Criminology Planning and building laws and regulations Baurecht Verkehrsrecht Traffic law Sachenrecht Law of things Staatskirchenrecht State church law Gesellschaftsrecht Company law Strafprozessrecht Penal procedure law Verwaltungslehre Administrative science Familien- und Erbrecht Family law and law of inheritance Liability law Haftpflichtrecht Gewerberecht Law on registration and establishment of business associations Raumordnungsrecht Zoning law Staatsrecht Constitutional law Wohnrecht Housing law Private law Privatrecht Föderalismusforschung Federalism research Rechtssoziologie Sociology of law Consumer law Konsumentenschutzrecht Europarecht European law Kirchenrecht Canon law Genossenschaftsrecht Cooperative law Urheber- und Verlagsrecht Copyright and publication right Mediation Mediation Wettbewerbsrecht Competition law Medizinrecht Medical law Medienrecht Media law Rechtsdokumentation Law documentation International law Völkerrecht Öffentliches Recht Public law Rechtsgeschichte Legal history Financial law Finanzrecht Internationale Beziehungen International relations Verwaltungsrecht, allgemein Administrative law, general Zivilverfahrensrecht Civil procedure law Energierecht Energy law Commercial law Wirtschaftsrecht Informationsrecht Information law Verfassungsvergleich (europäischer -, internationaler -) Comparative constitutional law (European -, international -) Unternehmensrecht Business law Wertpapierrecht Securities law Umweltrecht Environmental law Zivilrecht Civil law Forschungsrecht, -politik Research law, -policy International civil law Internationales Privatrecht Kartellrecht Antitrust law Verfassungsrecht, allgemein Constitutional law, general Schuldrecht Law of obligations Sozialrecht Social law Agricultural law Agrarrecht Bürgerliches Recht (auch: -, allgemeiner Teil) Civil law (also: general part) Römisches Recht Roman law Theory of constitutional law Verfassungslehre Strafrecht Criminal law Arbeitsrecht Labour law Frauenforschung, -fragen Women´s studies (Women´s issues) Rechtspsychologie Legal psychology Comparative law Rechtsvergleichung Allgemeines Verfahrensrecht General procedure law Rechtsphilosophie Philosophy of law Patentrecht Patent law Allgemeine Staatslehre General political science Kapitalmarktrecht Capital market legislation Bankrecht Banking law Sonstige und interdisziplinäre Sozialwissenschaften Other and interdisciplinary Social Sciences Freizeitforschung Leisure time research Spieltheorie Game theory Systemanalyse Systems analysis Arbeitswissenschaft Ergonomics Social sciences (interdisciplinary) Sozialwissenschaften interdisziplinär Aktionsforschung (Actions Research) Actions research Geschichte der Sozialwissenschaften History of social sciences Audiovisual media Audiovisuelle Medien Behindertenfragen, -forschung Disability issues, Handicapped research Ethnosoziologie Ethnosociology Forschungs- und Innovationsmanagement Research and innovation management Wissensmanagement Knowledge management Civil defence and disaster control Zivil- und Katastrophenschutz Bildungsökonomie Educational economy Organisationsentwicklung Organisational development Arbeitsmarktforschung Labour market research Sozialpolitik Social policy Medienforschung, -kunde Media research, -studies Migrationsforschung, Emigrations- Migration research, emigration -, Frauenforschung, -fragen Women´s studies, Women´s issues General social research Allgemeine Sozialforschung Sozialwissenschaftliche Dokumentation Sociological documentation E-Government E-government Technologietransfer Technology transfer Umweltschutz Environmental protection Subject didactics (social sciences) Fachdidaktik (Sozialwissenschaften) Gender Studies (Sozialwissenschaften) Gender studies (soical sciences) Wirtschaftsgeographie Economic geography Information society Informationsgesellschaft Technikfolgenabschätzung Technology assessment Volksgruppen, -forschung Ethnic group research Umweltforschung Environmental research Europäische Integration European integration Ethnography Ethnographie Kulturgeographie Cultural geography Kinderforschung, Jugendforschung Child research, youth research Militärstrategische Forschung Military strategic research Berufsberatung Career guidance Risk research Risikoforschung Operations Research Operations research Zukunftsforschung interdisziplinär Futurology, interdisciplinary Social geography Sozialgeographie Ecodesign Ecodesign Kooperation Wissenschaft-Wirtschaft Cooperation between science and economics Kommunikationswissenschaft Communication science Arbeitsmarktpolitik Labour market policy Game research Spielforschung Europäische Ethnologie / Volkskunde European ethnology Entwicklungshilfe Foreign aid Alternsforschung Aging research Umweltökonomie Environmental economics Unfallforschung Accident research Informationssysteme Information systems Publizistik Journalism Ethnology Ethnologie / Völkerkunde Regionale Geographie Regional geography Berufskunde Vocational instruction Minderheitenforschung Minorities research Kulturanthropologie Cultural anthropology Evaluation research Evaluationsforschung Graffiti-Forschung Graffiti research Journalistik Journalism Population geography Bevölkerungsgeographie Wissenschaftsforschung Scientific research Entwicklungszusammenarbeit Development cooperation Raumplanung Regional Planning Raumordnung Spatial structure Landschaftsplanung Landscape planning Städtebau Urban planning Umweltgestaltung Environmental planning Urban and regional analysis Stadt- und Regionalanalyse Landschaftsökologie Landscape ecology Naturschutz(-forschung) Nature conservation (- research) Site selection Standortplanung Kulturlandschaftsforschung Cultural landscape research Örtliche Raumplanung Regional planning Raumforschung Spatial research Landschaftsarchitektur Landscape architecture Urban development planning Stadtentwicklungsplanung Verkehrsplanung, -sicherheit Traffic planning, - security Regionalentwicklung, -splanung Regional development planning Regionalökonomie Regional economy Flächenwidmung Zoning Standortökonomie Economics of location Landschaftspflege Landscape preservation Landesplanung Land use planning Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Geographische Informationssysteme (GIS) Sociology Soziologie Soziographie Sociography Kinderforschung, Jugendforschung Child research, youth research Allgemeine Sozialforschung General social research Musiksoziologie Music sociology Migration research, emigration - Migrationsforschung, Emigrations- Feminismusfragen Feminist issues Gender Studies Gender studies Aging research Alternsforschung Bildungssoziologie Educational sociology Frauenforschung, -fragen Women´s studies, Women´s issues Ethik und Sozialwissenschaften Ethics and social sciences Sozialphilosophie Social philosophy Special sociology Spezielle Soziologie Pädagogische Soziologie Pedagogical sociology Kirchliche Sozialforschung Social research and church Allgemeine Soziologie General sociology Rechtssoziologie Sociology of law Freizeitforschung Leisure time research Armutsforschung, soziale Ausgrenzung Poverty research, social exclusion Informationsgesellschaft Information society Empirical social research Empirische Sozialforschung Friedensforschung Peace research Wirtschaftssoziologie Economic sociology Entwicklungshilfe Foreign aid Betriebssoziologie Industrial sociology Sociology of religion Religionssoziologie Kulturwissenschaft Cultural science Soziologische Methoden Sociological methods Genealogy Familienforschung Gerontologie Gerontology Demographie Demography Techniksoziologie Sociology of technology Umweltsoziologie Environmental sociology Medical sociology Medizinsoziologie Suchtforschung Addiction research Psychologie Psychology Psychoanalyse Psychoanalysis Psychologische Methodik Psychological methodology Experimentelle Psychologie Experimental psychology Verhaltenstherapie Behavioural therapy Psychotherapy Psychotherapie Lernpsychologie Psychology of learning Klinische Psychologie Clinical psychology Disability issues, Handicapped research Behindertenfragen, -forschung Motivationspsychologie Motivational psychology Tiefenpsychologie Depth psychology Konfliktforschung Conflict research Allgemeine Psychologie General psychology Educational psychology Pädagogische Psychologie Rechtspsychologie Legal psychology Pastoralpsychologie Pastoral psychology Verhaltenspsychologie Behavioural psychology Berufs-, Arbeits-, Betriebspsychologie Occupational-, industrial psychology Wahrnehmungspsychologie Psychology of perception Gruppendynamik Group dynamics Familienforschung Genealogy Traffic psychology Verkehrspsychologie Parapsychologie Parapsychology Sozialpsychologie Social psychology Entwicklungspsychologie Developmental psychology Mediation Mediation Cognitive psychology Kognitionspsychologie Differentielle Psychologie Differential psychology Psychophysiologie Psychophysiology Organisational psychology Organisationspsychologie Sexualwissenschaften, -kunde Sexology, sex education Kinder- und Jugendpsychologie Child and adolescent psychology Angewandte Psychologie Applied psychology Suchtforschung Addiction research The ACM Computing Classification System [1998 Version] The ACM Computing Classification System [1998 Version] The ACM Computing Classification System [1998 Version] General Literature General Literature GENERAL GENERAL Biographies/autobiographies Biographies/autobiographies Conference proceedings Conference proceedings General literary works (e.g., fiction, plays) General literary works (e.g., fiction, plays) INTRODUCTORY AND SURVEY INTRODUCTORY AND SURVEY REFERENCE (e.g., dictionaries, encyclopedias, glossaries) REFERENCE (e.g., dictionaries, encyclopedias, glossaries) MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Hardware Hardware GENERAL GENERAL CONTROL STRUCTURES AND MICROPROGRAMMING CONTROL STRUCTURES AND MICROPROGRAMMING General General Control Design Styles Control Design Styles Hardwired control Hardwired control Microprogrammed logic arrays Microprogrammed logic arrays Writable control store Writable control store Control Structure Performance Analysis and Design Aids Control Structure Performance Analysis and Design Aids Automatic synthesis Automatic synthesis Formal models Formal models Simulation Simulation Control Structure Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Control Structure Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Diagnostics Diagnostics Error-checking Error-checking Redundant design Redundant design Test generation Test generation Microprogram Design Aids Microprogram Design Aids Firmware engineering Firmware engineering Languages and compilers Languages and compilers Machine-independent microcode generation Machine-independent microcode generation Optimization Optimization Verification Verification Microcode Applications Microcode Applications Direct data manipulation Direct data manipulation Firmware support of operating systems/instruction sets Firmware support of operating systems/instruction sets Instruction set interpretation Instruction set interpretation Peripheral control Peripheral control Special-purpose Special-purpose Miscellaneous Miscellaneous ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC STRUCTURES ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC STRUCTURES General General Design Styles Design Styles Calculator Calculator Parallel Parallel Pipeline Pipeline Performance Analysis and Design Aids Performance Analysis and Design Aids Simulation Simulation Verification Verification Worst-case analysis Worst-case analysis Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Diagnostics Diagnostics Error-checking Error-checking Redundant design Redundant design Test generation Test generation High-Speed Arithmetic High-Speed Arithmetic Algorithms Algorithms Cost/performance Cost/performance Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MEMORY STRUCTURES MEMORY STRUCTURES General General Semiconductor Memories Semiconductor Memories Dynamic memory (DRAM) Dynamic memory (DRAM) Read-only memory (ROM) Read-only memory (ROM) Static memory (SRAM) Static memory (SRAM) Design Styles Design Styles Associative memories Associative memories Cache memories Cache memories Interleaved memories Interleaved memories Mass storage (e.g., magnetic, optical, RAID) Mass storage (e.g., magnetic, optical, RAID) Primary memory Primary memory Sequential-access memory Sequential-access memory Shared memory Shared memory Virtual memory Virtual memory Performance Analysis and Design Aids Performance Analysis and Design Aids Formal models Formal models Simulation Simulation Worst-case analysis Worst-case analysis Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Diagnostics Diagnostics Error-checking Error-checking Redundant design Redundant design Test generation Test generation Miscellaneous Miscellaneous INPUT/OUTPUT AND DATA COMMUNICATIONS INPUT/OUTPUT AND DATA COMMUNICATIONS General General Data Communications Devices Data Communications Devices Processors Processors Receivers (e.g., voice, data, image) Receivers (e.g., voice, data, image) Transmitters Transmitters Input/Output Devices Input/Output Devices Channels and controllers Channels and controllers Data terminals and printers Data terminals and printers Image display Image display Voice Voice Interconnections (Subsystems) Interconnections (Subsystems) Asynchronous/synchronous operation Asynchronous/synchronous operation Fiber optics Fiber optics Interfaces Interfaces Parallel I/O Parallel I/O Physical structures (e.g., backplanes, cables, chip carriers) Physical structures (e.g., backplanes, cables, chip carriers) Topology (e.g., bus, point-to-point) Topology (e.g., bus, point-to-point) Performance Analysis and Design Aids Performance Analysis and Design Aids Formal models Formal models Simulation Simulation Verification Verification Worst-case analysis Worst-case analysis Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Built-in tests Built-in tests Diagnostics Diagnostics Error-checking Error-checking Hardware reliability Hardware reliability Redundant design Redundant design Test generation Test generation Miscellaneous Miscellaneous REGISTER-TRANSFER-LEVEL IMPLEMENTATION REGISTER-TRANSFER-LEVEL IMPLEMENTATION General General Design Design Arithmetic and logic units Arithmetic and logic units Control design Control design Data-path design Data-path design Memory design Memory design Styles (e.g., parallel, pipeline, special-purpose) Styles (e.g., parallel, pipeline, special-purpose) Design Aids Design Aids Automatic synthesis Automatic synthesis Hardware description languages Hardware description languages Optimization Optimization Simulation Simulation Verification Verification Reliability and Testing Reliability and Testing Built-in tests Built-in tests Error-checking Error-checking Redundant design Redundant design Test generation Test generation Testability Testability Miscellaneous Miscellaneous LOGIC DESIGN LOGIC DESIGN General General Design Styles Design Styles Cellular arrays and automata Cellular arrays and automata Combinational logic Combinational logic Logic arrays Logic arrays Memory control and access Memory control and access Memory used as logic Memory used as logic Parallel circuits Parallel circuits Sequential circuits Sequential circuits Reliability and Testing Reliability and Testing Built-in tests Built-in tests Error-checking Error-checking Redundant design Redundant design Test generation Test generation Testability Testability Design Aids Design Aids Automatic synthesis Automatic synthesis Hardware description languages Hardware description languages Optimization Optimization Simulation Simulation Switching theory Switching theory Verification Verification Miscellaneous Miscellaneous INTEGRATED CIRCUITS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS General General Types and Design Styles Types and Design Styles Advanced technologies Advanced technologies Algorithms implemented in hardware Algorithms implemented in hardware Gate arrays Gate arrays Input/output circuits Input/output circuits Memory technologies Memory technologies Microprocessors and microcomputers Microprocessors and microcomputers Standard cells Standard cells VLSI (very large scale integration) VLSI (very large scale integration) Design Aids Design Aids Graphics Graphics Layout Layout Placement and routing Placement and routing Simulation Simulation Verification Verification Reliability and Testing Reliability and Testing Built-in tests Built-in tests Error-checking Error-checking Redundant design Redundant design Test generation Test generation Testability Testability Miscellaneous Miscellaneous PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY General General Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Reliability, Testing, and Fault-Tolerance Performance Analysis and Design Aids Performance Analysis and Design Aids Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Design management Design management Computer Systems Organization Computer Systems Organization GENERAL GENERAL Hardware/software interfaces Hardware/software interfaces Instruction set design (e.g., RISC, CISC, VLIW) Instruction set design (e.g., RISC, CISC, VLIW) Modeling of computer architecture Modeling of computer architecture System architectures System architectures Systems specification methodology Systems specification methodology PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURES PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURES General General Single Data Stream Architectures Single Data Stream Architectures Multiple-instruction-stream, single-data-stream processors (MISD) Multiple-instruction-stream, single-data-stream processors (MISD) Pipeline processors Pipeline processors RISC/CISC, VLIW architectures RISC/CISC, VLIW architectures Single-instruction-stream, single-data-stream processors (SISD) Single-instruction-stream, single-data-stream processors (SISD) Von Neumann architectures Von Neumann architectures Multiple Data Stream Architectures (Multiprocessors) Multiple Data Stream Architectures (Multiprocessors) Array and vector processors Array and vector processors Associative processors Associative processors Connection machines Connection machines Interconnection architectures (e.g., common bus, multiport memory, crossbar switch) Interconnection architectures (e.g., common bus, multiport memory, crossbar switch) Multiple-instruction-stream, multiple-data-stream processors (MIMD) Multiple-instruction-stream, multiple-data-stream processors (MIMD) Parallel processors Parallel processors Pipeline processors Pipeline processors Single-instruction-stream, multiple-data-stream processors (SIMD) Single-instruction-stream, multiple-data-stream processors (SIMD) Other Architecture Styles Other Architecture Styles Adaptable architectures Adaptable architectures Analog computers Analog computers Capability architectures Capability architectures Cellular architecture (e.g., mobile) Cellular architecture (e.g., mobile) Data-flow architectures Data-flow architectures Heterogeneous (hybrid) systems Heterogeneous (hybrid) systems High-level language architectures High-level language architectures Neural nets Neural nets Pipeline processors Pipeline processors Stack-oriented processors Stack-oriented processors Parallel Architectures Parallel Architectures Distributed architectures Distributed architectures Mobile processors Mobile processors Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Analog computers Analog computers Hybrid systems Hybrid systems COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS General General Data communications Data communications Open Systems Interconnection reference model (OSI) Open Systems Interconnection reference model (OSI) Security and protection (e.g., firewalls) Security and protection (e.g., firewalls) Network Architecture and Design Network Architecture and Design Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Centralized networks Centralized networks Circuit-switching networks Circuit-switching networks Distributed networks Distributed networks Frame relay networks Frame relay networks ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) Network communications Network communications Network topology Network topology Packet-switching networks Packet-switching networks Store and forward networks Store and forward networks Wireless communication Wireless communication Network Protocols Network Protocols Applications (SMTP, FTP, etc.) Applications (SMTP, FTP, etc.) Protocol architecture (OSI model) Protocol architecture (OSI model) Protocol verification Protocol verification Routing protocols Routing protocols Network Operations Network Operations Network management Network management Network monitoring Network monitoring Public networks Public networks Distributed Systems Distributed Systems Client/server Client/server Distributed applications Distributed applications Distributed databases Distributed databases Network operating systems Network operating systems Local and Wide-Area Networks Local and Wide-Area Networks Access schemes Access schemes Buses Buses Ethernet (e.g., CSMA/CD) Ethernet (e.g., CSMA/CD) High-speed (e.g., FDDI, fiber channel, ATM) High-speed (e.g., FDDI, fiber channel, ATM) Internet (e.g., TCP/IP) Internet (e.g., TCP/IP) Token rings Token rings Internetworking Internetworking Routers Routers Standards (e.g., TCP/IP) Standards (e.g., TCP/IP) Miscellaneous Miscellaneous SPECIAL-PURPOSE AND APPLICATION-BASED SYSTEMS SPECIAL-PURPOSE AND APPLICATION-BASED SYSTEMS Microprocessor/microcomputer applications Microprocessor/microcomputer applications Process control systems Process control systems Real-time and embedded systems Real-time and embedded systems Signal processing systems Signal processing systems Smartcards Smartcards PERFORMANCE OF SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE OF SYSTEMS Design studies Design studies Fault tolerance Fault tolerance Measurement techniques Measurement techniques Modeling techniques Modeling techniques Performance attributes Performance attributes Reliability, availability, and serviceability Reliability, availability, and serviceability COMPUTER SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION COMPUTER SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION General General Large and Medium (``Mainframe'') Computers Large and Medium (``Mainframe'') Computers Super (very large) computers Super (very large) computers Minicomputers Minicomputers Microcomputers Microcomputers Microprocessors Microprocessors Personal computers Personal computers Portable devices (e.g., laptops, personal digital assistants) Portable devices (e.g., laptops, personal digital assistants) Workstations Workstations VLSI Systems VLSI Systems Servers Servers Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Software Software GENERAL GENERAL PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES General General Applicative (Functional) Programming Applicative (Functional) Programming Automatic Programming Automatic Programming Concurrent Programming Concurrent Programming Distributed programming Distributed programming Parallel programming Parallel programming Sequential Programming Sequential Programming Object-oriented Programming Object-oriented Programming Logic Programming Logic Programming Visual Programming Visual Programming Miscellaneous Miscellaneous SOFTWARE ENGINEERING SOFTWARE ENGINEERING General General Protection mechanisms Protection mechanisms Standards Standards Requirements/Specifications Requirements/Specifications Elicitation methods (e.g., rapid prototyping, interviews, JAD) Elicitation methods (e.g., rapid prototyping, interviews, JAD) Languages Languages Methodologies (e.g., object-oriented, structured) Methodologies (e.g., object-oriented, structured) Tools Tools Design Tools and Techniques Design Tools and Techniques Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) Decision tables Decision tables Evolutionary prototyping Evolutionary prototyping Flow charts Flow charts Modules and interfaces Modules and interfaces Object-oriented design methods Object-oriented design methods Petri nets Petri nets Programmer workbench Programmer workbench Software libraries Software libraries State diagrams State diagrams Structured programming Structured programming Top-down programming Top-down programming User interfaces User interfaces Coding Tools and Techniques Coding Tools and Techniques Object-oriented programming Object-oriented programming Pretty printers Pretty printers Program editors Program editors Reentrant code Reentrant code Standards Standards Structured programming Structured programming Top-down programming Top-down programming Software/Program Verification Software/Program Verification Assertion checkers Assertion checkers Class invariants Class invariants Correctness proofs Correctness proofs Formal methods Formal methods Model checking Model checking Programming by contract Programming by contract Reliability Reliability Statistical methods Statistical methods Validation Validation Testing and Debugging Testing and Debugging Code inspections and walk-throughs Code inspections and walk-throughs Debugging aids Debugging aids Diagnostics Diagnostics Distributed debugging Distributed debugging Dumps Dumps Error handling and recovery Error handling and recovery Monitors Monitors Symbolic execution Symbolic execution Testing tools (e.g., data generators, coverage testing) Testing tools (e.g., data generators, coverage testing) Tracing Tracing Programming Environments Programming Environments Graphical environments Graphical environments Integrated environments Integrated environments Interactive environments Interactive environments Programmer workbench Programmer workbench Distribution, Maintenance, and Enhancement Distribution, Maintenance, and Enhancement Corrections Corrections Documentation Documentation Enhancement Enhancement Extensibility Extensibility Portability Portability Restructuring, reverse engineering, and reengineering Restructuring, reverse engineering, and reengineering Version control Version control Metrics Metrics Complexity measures Complexity measures Performance measures Performance measures Process metrics Process metrics Product metrics Product metrics Software science Software science Management Management Copyrights Copyrights Cost estimation Cost estimation Life cycle Life cycle Productivity Productivity Programming teams Programming teams Software configuration management Software configuration management Software process models (e.g., CMM, ISO, PSP) Software process models (e.g., CMM, ISO, PSP) Software quality assurance (SQA) Software quality assurance (SQA) Time estimation Time estimation Design Design Methodologies Methodologies Representation Representation Software Architectures Software Architectures Data abstraction Data abstraction Domain-specific architectures Domain-specific architectures Information hiding Information hiding Languages (e.g., description, interconnection, definition) Languages (e.g., description, interconnection, definition) Patterns (e.g., client/server, pipeline, blackboard) Patterns (e.g., client/server, pipeline, blackboard) Interoperability Interoperability Data mapping Data mapping Distributed objects Distributed objects Interface definition languages Interface definition languages Reusable Software Reusable Software Domain engineering Domain engineering Reusable libraries Reusable libraries Reuse models Reuse models Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Rapid prototyping Rapid prototyping Reusable software Reusable software PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES General General Standards Standards Formal Definitions and Theory Formal Definitions and Theory Semantics Semantics Syntax Syntax Language Classifications Language Classifications Applicative (functional) languages Applicative (functional) languages Concurrent, distributed, and parallel languages Concurrent, distributed, and parallel languages Constraint and logic languages Constraint and logic languages Data-flow languages Data-flow languages Design languages Design languages Extensible languages Extensible languages Macro and assembly languages Macro and assembly languages Microprogramming languages Microprogramming languages Multiparadigm languages Multiparadigm languages Nondeterministic languages Nondeterministic languages Nonprocedural languages Nonprocedural languages Object-oriented languages Object-oriented languages Specialized application languages Specialized application languages Very high-level languages Very high-level languages Language Constructs and Features Language Constructs and Features Abstract data types Abstract data types Classes and objects Classes and objects Concurrent programming structures Concurrent programming structures Constraints Constraints Control structures Control structures Coroutines Coroutines Data types and structures Data types and structures Dynamic storage management Dynamic storage management Frameworks Frameworks Inheritance Inheritance Input/output Input/output Modules, packages Modules, packages Patterns Patterns Polymorphism Polymorphism Procedures, functions, and subroutines Procedures, functions, and subroutines Recursion Recursion Processors Processors Code generation Code generation Compilers Compilers Debuggers Debuggers Incremental compilers Incremental compilers Interpreters Interpreters Memory management (garbage collection) Memory management (garbage collection) Optimization Optimization Parsing Parsing Preprocessors Preprocessors Retargetable compilers Retargetable compilers Run-time environments Run-time environments Translator writing systems and compiler generators Translator writing systems and compiler generators Miscellaneous Miscellaneous OPERATING SYSTEMS OPERATING SYSTEMS General General Process Management Process Management Concurrency Concurrency Deadlocks Deadlocks Multiprocessing/multiprogramming/multitasking Multiprocessing/multiprogramming/multitasking Mutual exclusion Mutual exclusion Scheduling Scheduling Synchronization Synchronization Threads Threads Storage Management Storage Management Allocation/deallocation strategies Allocation/deallocation strategies Distributed memories Distributed memories Garbage collection Garbage collection Main memory Main memory Secondary storage Secondary storage Segmentation Segmentation Storage hierarchies Storage hierarchies Swapping Swapping Virtual memory Virtual memory File Systems Management File Systems Management Access methods Access methods Directory structures Directory structures Distributed file systems Distributed file systems File organization File organization Maintenance Maintenance Communications Management Communications Management Buffering Buffering Input/output Input/output Message sending Message sending Network communication Network communication Terminal management Terminal management Reliability Reliability Backup procedures Backup procedures Checkpoint/restart Checkpoint/restart Fault-tolerance Fault-tolerance Verification Verification Security and Protection Security and Protection Access controls Access controls Authentication Authentication Cryptographic controls Cryptographic controls Information flow controls Information flow controls Invasive software (e.g., viruses, worms, Trojan horses) Invasive software (e.g., viruses, worms, Trojan horses) Security kernels Security kernels Verification Verification Organization and Design Organization and Design Batch processing systems Batch processing systems Distributed systems Distributed systems Hierarchical design Hierarchical design Interactive systems Interactive systems Real-time systems and embedded systems Real-time systems and embedded systems Performance Performance Measurements Measurements Modeling and prediction Modeling and prediction Monitors Monitors Operational analysis Operational analysis Queueing theory Queueing theory Simulation Simulation Stochastic analysis Stochastic analysis Systems Programs and Utilities Systems Programs and Utilities Command and control languages Command and control languages Linkers Linkers Loaders Loaders Window managers Window managers Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Software psychology Software psychology Data Data GENERAL GENERAL DATA STRUCTURES DATA STRUCTURES Arrays Arrays Distributed data structures Distributed data structures Graphs and networks Graphs and networks Lists, stacks, and queues Lists, stacks, and queues Records Records Tables Tables Trees Trees DATA STORAGE REPRESENTATIONS DATA STORAGE REPRESENTATIONS Composite structures Composite structures Contiguous representations Contiguous representations Hash-table representations Hash-table representations Linked representations Linked representations Object representation Object representation Primitive data items Primitive data items DATA ENCRYPTION DATA ENCRYPTION Code breaking Code breaking Data encryption standard (DES) Data encryption standard (DES) Public key cryptosystems Public key cryptosystems Standards (e.g., DES, PGP, RSA) Standards (e.g., DES, PGP, RSA) CODING AND INFORMATION THEORY CODING AND INFORMATION THEORY Data compaction and compression Data compaction and compression Error control codes Error control codes Formal models of communication Formal models of communication Nonsecret encoding schemes Nonsecret encoding schemes FILES FILES Backup/recovery Backup/recovery Optimization Optimization Organization/structure Organization/structure Sorting/searching Sorting/searching MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Theory of Computation Theory of Computation GENERAL GENERAL COMPUTATION BY ABSTRACT DEVICES COMPUTATION BY ABSTRACT DEVICES General General Models of Computation Models of Computation Automata (e.g., finite, push-down, resource-bounded) Automata (e.g., finite, push-down, resource-bounded) Bounded-action devices (e.g., Turing machines, random access machines) Bounded-action devices (e.g., Turing machines, random access machines) Computability theory Computability theory Relations between models Relations between models Self-modifying machines (e.g., neural networks) Self-modifying machines (e.g., neural networks) Unbounded-action devices (e.g., cellular automata, circuits, networks of machines) Unbounded-action devices (e.g., cellular automata, circuits, networks of machines) Modes of Computation Modes of Computation Alternation and nondeterminism Alternation and nondeterminism Interactive and reactive computation Interactive and reactive computation Online computation Online computation Parallelism and concurrency Parallelism and concurrency Probabilistic computation Probabilistic computation Relations among modes Relations among modes Relativized computation Relativized computation Complexity Measures and Classes Complexity Measures and Classes Complexity hierarchies Complexity hierarchies Machine-independent complexity Machine-independent complexity Reducibility and completeness Reducibility and completeness Relations among complexity classes Relations among complexity classes Relations among complexity measures Relations among complexity measures Miscellaneous Miscellaneous ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS AND PROBLEM COMPLEXITY ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS AND PROBLEM COMPLEXITY General General Numerical Algorithms and Problems Numerical Algorithms and Problems Computation of transforms (e.g., fast Fourier transform) Computation of transforms (e.g., fast Fourier transform) Computations in finite fields Computations in finite fields Computations on matrices Computations on matrices Computations on polynomials Computations on polynomials Number-theoretic computations (e.g., factoring, primality testing) Number-theoretic computations (e.g., factoring, primality testing) Nonnumerical Algorithms and Problems Nonnumerical Algorithms and Problems Complexity of proof procedures Complexity of proof procedures Computations on discrete structures Computations on discrete structures Geometrical problems and computations Geometrical problems and computations Pattern matching Pattern matching Routing and layout Routing and layout Sequencing and scheduling Sequencing and scheduling Sorting and searching Sorting and searching Tradeoffs between Complexity Measures Tradeoffs between Complexity Measures Miscellaneous Miscellaneous LOGICS AND MEANINGS OF PROGRAMS LOGICS AND MEANINGS OF PROGRAMS General General Specifying and Verifying and Reasoning about Programs Specifying and Verifying and Reasoning about Programs Assertions Assertions Invariants Invariants Logics of programs Logics of programs Mechanical verification Mechanical verification Pre- and post-conditions Pre- and post-conditions Specification techniques Specification techniques Semantics of Programming Languages Semantics of Programming Languages Algebraic approaches to semantics Algebraic approaches to semantics Denotational semantics Denotational semantics Operational semantics Operational semantics Partial evaluation Partial evaluation Process models Process models Program analysis Program analysis Studies of Program Constructs Studies of Program Constructs Control primitives Control primitives Functional constructs Functional constructs Object-oriented constructs Object-oriented constructs Program and recursion schemes Program and recursion schemes Type structure Type structure Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MATHEMATICAL LOGIC AND FORMAL LANGUAGES MATHEMATICAL LOGIC AND FORMAL LANGUAGES General General Mathematical Logic Mathematical Logic Computability theory Computability theory Computational logic Computational logic Lambda calculus and related systems Lambda calculus and related systems Logic and constraint programming Logic and constraint programming Mechanical theorem proving Mechanical theorem proving Modal logic Modal logic Model theory Model theory Proof theory Proof theory Recursive function theory Recursive function theory Set theory Set theory Temporal logic Temporal logic Grammars and Other Rewriting Systems Grammars and Other Rewriting Systems Decision problems Decision problems Grammar types (e.g., context-free, context-sensitive) Grammar types (e.g., context-free, context-sensitive) Parallel rewriting systems (e.g., developmental systems, L-systems) Parallel rewriting systems (e.g., developmental systems, L-systems) Parsing Parsing Thue systems Thue systems Formal Languages Formal Languages Algebraic language theory Algebraic language theory Classes defined by grammars or automata (e.g., context-free languages, regular sets, recursive sets) Classes defined by grammars or automata (e.g., context-free languages, regular sets, recursive sets) Classes defined by resource-bounded automata Classes defined by resource-bounded automata Decision problems Decision problems Operations on languages Operations on languages Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Mathematics of Computing Mathematics of Computing GENERAL GENERAL NUMERICAL ANALYSIS NUMERICAL ANALYSIS General General Computer arithmetic Computer arithmetic Conditioning (and ill-conditioning) Conditioning (and ill-conditioning) Error analysis Error analysis Interval arithmetic Interval arithmetic Multiple precision arithmetic Multiple precision arithmetic Numerical algorithms Numerical algorithms Parallel algorithms Parallel algorithms Stability (and instability) Stability (and instability) Interpolation Interpolation Difference formulas Difference formulas Extrapolation Extrapolation Interpolation formulas Interpolation formulas Smoothing Smoothing Spline and piecewise polynomial interpolation Spline and piecewise polynomial interpolation Approximation Approximation Approximation of surfaces and contours Approximation of surfaces and contours Chebyshev approximation and theory Chebyshev approximation and theory Elementary function approximation Elementary function approximation Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) Least squares approximation Least squares approximation Linear approximation Linear approximation Minimax approximation and algorithms Minimax approximation and algorithms Nonlinear approximation Nonlinear approximation Rational approximation Rational approximation Special function approximations Special function approximations Spline and piecewise polynomial approximation Spline and piecewise polynomial approximation Wavelets and fractals Wavelets and fractals Numerical Linear Algebra Numerical Linear Algebra Conditioning Conditioning Determinants Determinants Eigenvalues and eigenvectors (direct and iterative methods) Eigenvalues and eigenvectors (direct and iterative methods) Error analysis Error analysis Linear systems (direct and iterative methods) Linear systems (direct and iterative methods) Matrix inversion Matrix inversion Pseudoinverses Pseudoinverses Singular value decomposition Singular value decomposition Sparse, structured, and very large systems (direct and iterative methods) Sparse, structured, and very large systems (direct and iterative methods) Quadrature and Numerical Differentiation Quadrature and Numerical Differentiation Adaptive and iterative quadrature Adaptive and iterative quadrature Automatic differentiation Automatic differentiation Equal interval integration Equal interval integration Error analysis Error analysis Finite difference methods Finite difference methods Gaussian quadrature Gaussian quadrature Iterative methods Iterative methods Multidimensional (multiple) quadrature Multidimensional (multiple) quadrature Roots of Nonlinear Equations Roots of Nonlinear Equations Continuation (homotopy) methods Continuation (homotopy) methods Convergence Convergence Error analysis Error analysis Iterative methods Iterative methods Polynomials, methods for Polynomials, methods for Systems of equations Systems of equations Optimization Optimization Constrained optimization Constrained optimization Convex programming Convex programming Global optimization Global optimization Gradient methods Gradient methods Integer programming Integer programming Least squares methods Least squares methods Linear programming Linear programming Nonlinear programming Nonlinear programming Quadratic programming methods Quadratic programming methods Simulated annealing Simulated annealing Stochastic programming Stochastic programming Unconstrained optimization Unconstrained optimization Ordinary Differential Equations Ordinary Differential Equations Boundary value problems Boundary value problems Chaotic systems Chaotic systems Convergence and stability Convergence and stability Differential-algebraic equations Differential-algebraic equations Error analysis Error analysis Finite difference methods Finite difference methods Initial value problems Initial value problems Multistep and multivalue methods Multistep and multivalue methods One-step (single step) methods One-step (single step) methods Stiff equations Stiff equations Partial Differential Equations Partial Differential Equations Domain decomposition methods Domain decomposition methods Elliptic equations Elliptic equations Finite difference methods Finite difference methods Finite element methods Finite element methods Finite volume methods Finite volume methods Hyperbolic equations Hyperbolic equations Inverse problems Inverse problems Iterative solution techniques Iterative solution techniques Method of lines Method of lines Multigrid and multilevel methods Multigrid and multilevel methods Parabolic equations Parabolic equations Spectral methods Spectral methods Integral Equations Integral Equations Delay equations Delay equations Fredholm equations Fredholm equations Integro-differential equations Integro-differential equations Volterra equations Volterra equations Applications Applications Miscellaneous Miscellaneous DISCRETE MATHEMATICS DISCRETE MATHEMATICS General General Combinatorics Combinatorics Combinatorial algorithms Combinatorial algorithms Counting problems Counting problems Generating functions Generating functions Permutations and combinations Permutations and combinations Recurrences and difference equations Recurrences and difference equations Graph Theory Graph Theory Graph algorithms Graph algorithms Graph labeling Graph labeling Hypergraphs Hypergraphs Network problems Network problems Path and circuit problems Path and circuit problems Trees Trees Applications Applications Miscellaneous Miscellaneous PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS Contingency table analysis Contingency table analysis Correlation and regression analysis Correlation and regression analysis Distribution functions Distribution functions Experimental design Experimental design Markov processes Markov processes Multivariate statistics Multivariate statistics Nonparametric statistics Nonparametric statistics Probabilistic algorithms (including Monte Carlo) Probabilistic algorithms (including Monte Carlo) Queueing theory Queueing theory Random number generation Random number generation Reliability and life testing Reliability and life testing Renewal theory Renewal theory Robust regression Robust regression Statistical computing Statistical computing Statistical software Statistical software Stochastic processes Stochastic processes Survival analysis Survival analysis Time series analysis Time series analysis MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE Algorithm design and analysis Algorithm design and analysis Certification and testing Certification and testing Documentation Documentation Efficiency Efficiency Parallel and vector implementations Parallel and vector implementations Portability Portability Reliability and robustness Reliability and robustness User interfaces User interfaces Verification Verification MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Queueing theory Queueing theory Information Systems Information Systems GENERAL GENERAL MODELS AND PRINCIPLES MODELS AND PRINCIPLES General General Systems and Information Theory Systems and Information Theory General systems theory General systems theory Information theory Information theory Value of information Value of information User/Machine Systems User/Machine Systems Human factors Human factors Human information processing Human information processing Software psychology Software psychology Miscellaneous Miscellaneous DATABASE MANAGEMENT DATABASE MANAGEMENT General General Security, integrity, and protection Security, integrity, and protection Logical Design Logical Design Data models Data models Normal forms Normal forms Schema and subschema Schema and subschema Physical Design Physical Design Access methods Access methods Deadlock avoidance Deadlock avoidance Recovery and restart Recovery and restart Languages Languages Data description languages (DDL) Data description languages (DDL) Data manipulation languages (DML) Data manipulation languages (DML) Database (persistent) programming languages Database (persistent) programming languages Query languages Query languages Report writers Report writers Systems Systems Concurrency Concurrency Distributed databases Distributed databases Multimedia databases Multimedia databases Object-oriented databases Object-oriented databases Parallel databases Parallel databases Query processing Query processing Relational databases Relational databases Rule-based databases Rule-based databases Textual databases Textual databases Transaction processing Transaction processing Heterogeneous Databases Heterogeneous Databases Data translation Data translation Program translation Program translation Database Machines Database Machines Database Administration Database Administration Data dictionary/directory Data dictionary/directory Data warehouse and repository Data warehouse and repository Logging and recovery Logging and recovery Security, integrity, and protection Security, integrity, and protection Database Applications Database Applications Data mining Data mining Image databases Image databases Scientific databases Scientific databases Spatial databases and GIS Spatial databases and GIS Statistical databases Statistical databases Miscellaneous Miscellaneous INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL General General Content Analysis and Indexing Content Analysis and Indexing Abstracting methods Abstracting methods Dictionaries Dictionaries Indexing methods Indexing methods Linguistic processing Linguistic processing Thesauruses Thesauruses Information Storage Information Storage File organization File organization Record classification Record classification Information Search and Retrieval Information Search and Retrieval Clustering Clustering Information filtering Information filtering Query formulation Query formulation Relevance feedback Relevance feedback Retrieval models Retrieval models Search process Search process Selection process Selection process Systems and Software Systems and Software Current awareness systems (selective dissemination of information--SDI) Current awareness systems (selective dissemination of information--SDI) Distributed systems Distributed systems Information networks Information networks Performance evaluation (efficiency and effectiveness) Performance evaluation (efficiency and effectiveness) Question-answering (fact retrieval) systems Question-answering (fact retrieval) systems User profiles and alert services User profiles and alert services Online Information Services Online Information Services Commercial services Commercial services Data sharing Data sharing Web-based services Web-based services Library Automation Library Automation Large text archives Large text archives Digital Libraries Digital Libraries Collection Collection Dissemination Dissemination Standards Standards Systems issues Systems issues User issues User issues Miscellaneous Miscellaneous INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS General General Office Automation Office Automation Desktop publishing Desktop publishing Equipment Equipment Groupware Groupware Spreadsheets Spreadsheets Time management (e.g., calendars, schedules) Time management (e.g., calendars, schedules) Word processing Word processing Workflow management Workflow management Types of Systems Types of Systems Decision support (e.g., MIS) Decision support (e.g., MIS) Logistics Logistics Communications Applications Communications Applications Bulletin boards Bulletin boards Computer conferencing, teleconferencing, and videoconferencing Computer conferencing, teleconferencing, and videoconferencing Electronic mail Electronic mail Information browsers Information browsers Videotex Videotex Miscellaneous Miscellaneous INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI) INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI) General General Multimedia Information Systems Multimedia Information Systems Animations Animations Artificial, augmented, and virtual realities Artificial, augmented, and virtual realities Audio input/output Audio input/output Evaluation/methodology Evaluation/methodology Hypertext navigation and maps Hypertext navigation and maps Video (e.g., tape, disk, DVI) Video (e.g., tape, disk, DVI) User Interfaces User Interfaces Auditory (non-speech) feedback Auditory (non-speech) feedback Benchmarking Benchmarking Ergonomics Ergonomics Evaluation/methodology Evaluation/methodology Graphical user interfaces (GUI) Graphical user interfaces (GUI) Haptic I/O Haptic I/O Input devices and strategies (e.g., mouse, touchscreen) Input devices and strategies (e.g., mouse, touchscreen) Interaction styles (e.g., commands, menus, forms, direct manipulation) Interaction styles (e.g., commands, menus, forms, direct manipulation) Natural language Natural language Prototyping Prototyping Screen design (e.g., text, graphics, color) Screen design (e.g., text, graphics, color) Standardization Standardization Style guides Style guides Theory and methods Theory and methods Training, help, and documentation Training, help, and documentation User-centered design User-centered design User interface management systems (UIMS) User interface management systems (UIMS) Voice I/O Voice I/O Windowing systems Windowing systems Group and Organization Interfaces Group and Organization Interfaces Asynchronous interaction Asynchronous interaction Collaborative computing Collaborative computing Computer-supported cooperative work Computer-supported cooperative work Evaluation/methodology Evaluation/methodology Organizational design Organizational design Synchronous interaction Synchronous interaction Theory and models Theory and models Web-based interaction Web-based interaction Hypertext/Hypermedia Hypertext/Hypermedia Architectures Architectures Navigation Navigation Theory Theory User issues User issues Sound and Music Computing Sound and Music Computing Methodologies and techniques Methodologies and techniques Modeling Modeling Signal analysis, synthesis, and processing Signal analysis, synthesis, and processing Systems Systems Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Computing Methodologies Computing Methodologies GENERAL GENERAL SYMBOLIC AND ALGEBRAIC MANIPULATION SYMBOLIC AND ALGEBRAIC MANIPULATION General General Expressions and Their Representation Expressions and Their Representation Representations (general and polynomial) Representations (general and polynomial) Simplification of expressions Simplification of expressions Algorithms Algorithms Algebraic algorithms Algebraic algorithms Analysis of algorithms Analysis of algorithms Nonalgebraic algorithms Nonalgebraic algorithms Languages and Systems Languages and Systems Evaluation strategies Evaluation strategies Nonprocedural languages Nonprocedural languages Special-purpose algebraic systems Special-purpose algebraic systems Special-purpose hardware Special-purpose hardware Substitution mechanisms Substitution mechanisms Applications Applications Miscellaneous Miscellaneous ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE General General Cognitive simulation Cognitive simulation Philosophical foundations Philosophical foundations Applications and Expert Systems Applications and Expert Systems Cartography Cartography Games Games Industrial automation Industrial automation Law Law Medicine and science Medicine and science Natural language interfaces Natural language interfaces Office automation Office automation Automatic Programming Automatic Programming Automatic analysis of algorithms Automatic analysis of algorithms Program modification Program modification Program synthesis Program synthesis Program transformation Program transformation Program verification Program verification Deduction and Theorem Proving Deduction and Theorem Proving Answer/reason extraction Answer/reason extraction Deduction (e.g., natural, rule-based) Deduction (e.g., natural, rule-based) Inference engines Inference engines Logic programming Logic programming Mathematical induction Mathematical induction Metatheory Metatheory Nonmonotonic reasoning and belief revision Nonmonotonic reasoning and belief revision Resolution Resolution Uncertainty, ``fuzzy,'' and probabilistic reasoning Uncertainty, ``fuzzy,'' and probabilistic reasoning Knowledge Representation Formalisms and Methods Knowledge Representation Formalisms and Methods Frames and scripts Frames and scripts Modal logic Modal logic Predicate logic Predicate logic Relation systems Relation systems Representation languages Representation languages Representations (procedural and rule-based) Representations (procedural and rule-based) Semantic networks Semantic networks Temporal logic Temporal logic Programming Languages and Software Programming Languages and Software Expert system tools and techniques Expert system tools and techniques Learning Learning Analogies Analogies Concept learning Concept learning Connectionism and neural nets Connectionism and neural nets Induction Induction Knowledge acquisition Knowledge acquisition Language acquisition Language acquisition Parameter learning Parameter learning Natural Language Processing Natural Language Processing Discourse Discourse Language generation Language generation Language models Language models Language parsing and understanding Language parsing and understanding Machine translation Machine translation Speech recognition and synthesis Speech recognition and synthesis Text analysis Text analysis Problem Solving, Control Methods, and Search Problem Solving, Control Methods, and Search Backtracking Backtracking Control theory Control theory Dynamic programming Dynamic programming Graph and tree search strategies Graph and tree search strategies Heuristic methods Heuristic methods Plan execution, formation, and generation Plan execution, formation, and generation Scheduling Scheduling Robotics Robotics Autonomous vehicles Autonomous vehicles Commercial robots and applications Commercial robots and applications Kinematics and dynamics Kinematics and dynamics Manipulators Manipulators Operator interfaces Operator interfaces Propelling mechanisms Propelling mechanisms Sensors Sensors Workcell organization and planning Workcell organization and planning Vision and Scene Understanding Vision and Scene Understanding 3D/stereo scene analysis 3D/stereo scene analysis Architecture and control structures Architecture and control structures Intensity, color, photometry, and thresholding Intensity, color, photometry, and thresholding Modeling and recovery of physical attributes Modeling and recovery of physical attributes Motion Motion Perceptual reasoning Perceptual reasoning Representations, data structures, and transforms Representations, data structures, and transforms Shape Shape Texture Texture Video analysis Video analysis Distributed Artificial Intelligence Distributed Artificial Intelligence Coherence and coordination Coherence and coordination Intelligent agents Intelligent agents Languages and structures Languages and structures Multiagent systems Multiagent systems Miscellaneous Miscellaneous COMPUTER GRAPHICS COMPUTER GRAPHICS General General Hardware Architecture Hardware Architecture Graphics processors Graphics processors Hardcopy devices Hardcopy devices Input devices Input devices Parallel processing Parallel processing Raster display devices Raster display devices Storage devices Storage devices Three-dimensional displays Three-dimensional displays Vector display devices Vector display devices Graphics Systems Graphics Systems Distributed/network graphics Distributed/network graphics Remote systems Remote systems Stand-alone systems Stand-alone systems Picture/Image Generation Picture/Image Generation Antialiasing Antialiasing Bitmap and framebuffer operations Bitmap and framebuffer operations Digitizing and scanning Digitizing and scanning Display algorithms Display algorithms Line and curve generation Line and curve generation Viewing algorithms Viewing algorithms Graphics Utilities Graphics Utilities Application packages Application packages Device drivers Device drivers Graphics editors Graphics editors Graphics packages Graphics packages Meta files Meta files Paint systems Paint systems Picture description languages Picture description languages Software support Software support Virtual device interfaces Virtual device interfaces Computational Geometry and Object Modeling Computational Geometry and Object Modeling Boundary representations Boundary representations Constructive solid geometry (CSG) Constructive solid geometry (CSG) Curve, surface, solid, and object representations Curve, surface, solid, and object representations Geometric algorithms, languages, and systems Geometric algorithms, languages, and systems Hierarchy and geometric transformations Hierarchy and geometric transformations Modeling packages Modeling packages Object hierarchies Object hierarchies Physically based modeling Physically based modeling Splines Splines Methodology and Techniques Methodology and Techniques Device independence Device independence Ergonomics Ergonomics Graphics data structures and data types Graphics data structures and data types Interaction techniques Interaction techniques Languages Languages Standards Standards Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism Animation Animation Color, shading, shadowing, and texture Color, shading, shadowing, and texture Fractals Fractals Hidden line/surface removal Hidden line/surface removal Radiosity Radiosity Raytracing Raytracing Virtual reality Virtual reality Visible line/surface algorithms Visible line/surface algorithms Applications Applications Miscellaneous Miscellaneous IMAGE PROCESSING AND COMPUTER VISION IMAGE PROCESSING AND COMPUTER VISION General General Image displays Image displays Image processing software Image processing software Digitization and Image Capture Digitization and Image Capture Camera calibration Camera calibration Imaging geometry Imaging geometry Quantization Quantization Radiometry Radiometry Reflectance Reflectance Sampling Sampling Scanning Scanning Compression (Coding) Compression (Coding) Approximate methods Approximate methods Exact coding Exact coding Enhancement Enhancement Filtering Filtering Geometric correction Geometric correction Grayscale manipulation Grayscale manipulation Registration Registration Sharpening and deblurring Sharpening and deblurring Smoothing Smoothing Restoration Restoration Inverse filtering Inverse filtering Kalman filtering Kalman filtering Pseudoinverse restoration Pseudoinverse restoration Wiener filtering Wiener filtering Reconstruction Reconstruction Series expansion methods Series expansion methods Summation methods Summation methods Transform methods Transform methods Segmentation Segmentation Edge and feature detection Edge and feature detection Pixel classification Pixel classification Region growing, partitioning Region growing, partitioning Relaxation Relaxation Feature Measurement Feature Measurement Feature representation Feature representation Invariants Invariants Moments Moments Projections Projections Size and shape Size and shape Texture Texture Scene Analysis Scene Analysis Color Color Depth cues Depth cues Motion Motion Object recognition Object recognition Photometry Photometry Range data Range data Sensor fusion Sensor fusion Shading Shading Shape Shape Stereo Stereo Surface fitting Surface fitting Time-varying imagery Time-varying imagery Tracking Tracking Applications Applications Image Representation Image Representation Hierarchical Hierarchical Morphological Morphological Multidimensional Multidimensional Statistical Statistical Volumetric Volumetric Miscellaneous Miscellaneous PATTERN RECOGNITION PATTERN RECOGNITION General General Models Models Deterministic Deterministic Fuzzy set Fuzzy set Geometric Geometric Neural nets Neural nets Statistical Statistical Structural Structural Design Methodology Design Methodology Classifier design and evaluation Classifier design and evaluation Feature evaluation and selection Feature evaluation and selection Pattern analysis Pattern analysis Clustering Clustering Algorithms Algorithms Similarity measures Similarity measures Applications Applications Computer vision Computer vision Signal processing Signal processing Text processing Text processing Waveform analysis Waveform analysis Implementation Implementation Interactive systems Interactive systems Special architectures Special architectures Miscellaneous Miscellaneous SIMULATION AND MODELING SIMULATION AND MODELING General General Simulation Theory Simulation Theory Model classification Model classification Systems theory Systems theory Types of simulation (continuous and discrete) Types of simulation (continuous and discrete) Simulation Languages Simulation Languages Applications Applications Model Validation and Analysis Model Validation and Analysis Model Development Model Development Modeling methodologies Modeling methodologies Simulation Output Analysis Simulation Output Analysis Simulation Support Systems Simulation Support Systems Environments Environments Types of Simulation Types of Simulation Animation Animation Combined Combined Continuous Continuous Discrete event Discrete event Distributed Distributed Gaming Gaming Monte Carlo Monte Carlo Parallel Parallel Visual Visual Miscellaneous Miscellaneous DOCUMENT AND TEXT PROCESSING DOCUMENT AND TEXT PROCESSING General General Document and Text Editing Document and Text Editing Document management Document management Languages Languages Spelling Spelling Version control Version control Document Preparation Document Preparation Desktop publishing Desktop publishing Format and notation Format and notation Hypertext/hypermedia Hypertext/hypermedia Index generation Index generation Languages and systems Languages and systems Markup languages Markup languages Multi/mixed media Multi/mixed media Photocomposition/typesetting Photocomposition/typesetting Scripting languages Scripting languages Standards Standards Index Generation Index Generation Electronic Publishing Electronic Publishing Document Capture Document Capture Document analysis Document analysis Graphics recognition and interpretation Graphics recognition and interpretation Optical character recognition (OCR) Optical character recognition (OCR) Scanning Scanning Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Computer Applications Computer Applications GENERAL GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE DATA PROCESSING ADMINISTRATIVE DATA PROCESSING Business Business Education Education Financial (e.g., EFTS) Financial (e.g., EFTS) Government Government Law Law Manufacturing Manufacturing Marketing Marketing Military Military PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING Aerospace Aerospace Archaeology Archaeology Astronomy Astronomy Chemistry Chemistry Earth and atmospheric sciences Earth and atmospheric sciences Electronics Electronics Engineering Engineering Mathematics and statistics Mathematics and statistics Physics Physics LIFE AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LIFE AND MEDICAL SCIENCES Biology and genetics Biology and genetics Health Health Medical information systems Medical information systems SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Economics Economics Psychology Psychology Sociology Sociology ARTS AND HUMANITIES ARTS AND HUMANITIES Architecture Architecture Arts, fine and performing Arts, fine and performing Fine arts Fine arts Language translation Language translation Linguistics Linguistics Literature Literature Music Music Performing arts (e.g., dance, music) Performing arts (e.g., dance, music) COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING Computer-aided design (CAD) Computer-aided design (CAD) Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) COMPUTERS IN OTHER SYSTEMS COMPUTERS IN OTHER SYSTEMS Command and control Command and control Consumer products Consumer products Industrial control Industrial control Military Military Process control Process control Publishing Publishing Real time Real time MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS Computing Milieux Computing Milieux GENERAL GENERAL THE COMPUTER INDUSTRY THE COMPUTER INDUSTRY Markets Markets Standards Standards Statistics Statistics Suppliers Suppliers HISTORY OF COMPUTING HISTORY OF COMPUTING Hardware Hardware People People Software Software Systems Systems Theory Theory COMPUTERS AND EDUCATION COMPUTERS AND EDUCATION General General Computer Uses in Education Computer Uses in Education Collaborative learning Collaborative learning Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) Computer-managed instruction (CMI) Computer-managed instruction (CMI) Distance learning Distance learning Computer and Information Science Education Computer and Information Science Education Accreditation Accreditation Computer science education Computer science education Curriculum Curriculum Information systems education Information systems education Literacy Literacy Self-assessment Self-assessment Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Accreditation Accreditation Computer literacy Computer literacy COMPUTERS AND SOCIETY COMPUTERS AND SOCIETY General General Public Policy Issues Public Policy Issues Abuse and crime involving computers Abuse and crime involving computers Computer-related health issues Computer-related health issues Ethics Ethics Human safety Human safety Intellectual property rights Intellectual property rights Privacy Privacy Regulation Regulation Transborder data flow Transborder data flow Use/abuse of power Use/abuse of power Social Issues Social Issues Abuse and crime involving computers Abuse and crime involving computers Assistive technologies for persons with disabilities Assistive technologies for persons with disabilities Employment Employment Handicapped persons/special needs Handicapped persons/special needs Organizational Impacts Organizational Impacts Automation Automation Computer-supported collaborative work Computer-supported collaborative work Employment Employment Reengineering Reengineering Electronic Commerce Electronic Commerce Cybercash, digital cash Cybercash, digital cash Distributed commercial transactions Distributed commercial transactions Electronic data interchange (EDI) Electronic data interchange (EDI) Intellectual property Intellectual property Payment schemes Payment schemes Security Security Miscellaneous Miscellaneous LEGAL ASPECTS OF COMPUTING LEGAL ASPECTS OF COMPUTING General General Hardware/Software Protection Hardware/Software Protection Copyrights Copyrights Licensing Licensing Patents Patents Proprietary rights Proprietary rights Trade secrets Trade secrets Governmental Issues Governmental Issues Censorship Censorship Regulation Regulation Taxation Taxation Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Contracts Contracts Hardware patents Hardware patents MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS General General Economics Economics Project and People Management Project and People Management Life cycle Life cycle Management techniques (e.g., PERT/CPM) Management techniques (e.g., PERT/CPM) Staffing Staffing Strategic information systems planning Strategic information systems planning Systems analysis and design Systems analysis and design Systems development Systems development Training Training Installation Management Installation Management Benchmarks Benchmarks Computer selection Computer selection Computing equipment management Computing equipment management Performance and usage measurement Performance and usage measurement Pricing and resource allocation Pricing and resource allocation Software Management Software Management Software development Software development Software maintenance Software maintenance Software process Software process Software selection Software selection System Management System Management Centralization/decentralization Centralization/decentralization Management audit Management audit Quality assurance Quality assurance Security and Protection Security and Protection Authentication Authentication Insurance Insurance Invasive software (e.g., viruses, worms, Trojan horses) Invasive software (e.g., viruses, worms, Trojan horses) Physical security Physical security Unauthorized access (e.g., hacking, phreaking) Unauthorized access (e.g., hacking, phreaking) Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Insurance Insurance Security Security THE COMPUTING PROFESSION THE COMPUTING PROFESSION General General Occupations Occupations Organizations Organizations Testing, Certification, and Licensing Testing, Certification, and Licensing Professional Ethics Professional Ethics Codes of ethics Codes of ethics Codes of good practice Codes of good practice Ethical dilemmas Ethical dilemmas Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Codes of good practice Codes of good practice Ethics Ethics PERSONAL COMPUTING PERSONAL COMPUTING Games Games General General Games Games Application Packages Application Packages Data communications Data communications Database processing Database processing Freeware/shareware Freeware/shareware Graphics Graphics Spreadsheets Spreadsheets Word processing Word processing Hardware Hardware Management/Maintenance Management/Maintenance Miscellaneous Miscellaneous MISCELLANEOUS MISCELLANEOUS EuroVoc 4.2 EuroVoc 4.2 EuroVoc 4.2 POLITISCHES LEBEN POLITICS VITA POLITICA Politischer Rahmen political framework quadro politico Staat State Stato Wohlfahrtsstaat Welfare State Stato assistenziale non-secular State Stato confessionale Staat mit Staatsreligion islamischer Staat Islamic State Stato islamico Rechtsstaat rule of law Stato di diritto Bundesstaat federal State Stato federale Gliedstaat Federation State Stato federato laizistischer Staat secular State Stato laico Nationalstaat unitarian State Stato unitario Stato confederale Staatenbund confederal State Staatsform der regionalen Autonomie regional State Stato regionale symbol of State simbolo dello Stato Staatssymbol Vielvölkerstaat multiracial State Stato multietnico political ideology ideologia politica politische Ideologie Kommunismus Communism comunismo conservatism conservatorismo Konservatismus Umweltbewegung ecologism ecologismo Eurokommunismus Eurocommunism eurocomunismo Eurorechte Euroright destra europea Faschismus Fascism fascismo gauchisme Linksradikalismus leftism Arbeiterinternationale Workers International Internazionale operaia Socialist International Internazionale socialista Sozialistische Internationale Liberalismus Liberalism liberalismo Maoismus Maoism maoismo Marxismus Marxism marxismo Anarchismus anarchism anarchismo mondialismo Mondialismus Universalism Nationalsozialismus National Socialism nazionalsocialismo nationalism nazionalismo Nationalismus Regionalismus regionalism regionalismo Sozialismus socialism socialismo Königtum royalism monarchismo Trennung von Kirche und Staat secularity laicità socialdemocrazia Sozialdemokratie social democracy Populismus populism populismo politische Institution political institution istituzione politica Staatsorgane public authorities poteri pubblici head of State capo di Stato Staatschef Protokoll protocol protocollo politische Philosophie political philosophy filosofia politica Demokratie democracy democrazia legality legalità Legalität Legitimität legitimacy legittimità Gewaltentrennung separation of powers separazione dei poteri exekutive Gewalt executive power potere esecutivo judicial power potere giudiziario richterliche Gewalt gesetzgebende Gewalt legislative power potere legislativo politische Befugnis political power potere politico Beurteilungsspielraum power of assessment potere di valutazione power of implementation potere di esecuzione Ausführungsbefugnis Initiativrecht power of initiative potere d'iniziativa Kontrollbefugnis supervisory power potere di controllo Kontrollorgan supervisory body organo di controllo Entscheidungsbefugnis power of decision potere di decisione Verhandlungsbefugnis power to negotiate potere di negoziazione potere di ratifica Ratifizierungsbefugnis power of ratification Ermessensbefugnis discretionary power potere discrezionale advisory power potere consultivo Konsultationsbefugnis Nominierungsbefugnis power to appoint potere di nomina Veto veto veto Regierungssystem political system regime politico Volksdemokratie people's democracy democrazia popolare dictatorship dittatura Diktatur Exilregierung government-in-exile governo in esilio Revolutionsregierung rebel government governo insurrezionale parlamentarische Monarchie constitutional monarchy monarchia parlamentare Monokratie monocracy monocrazia pluripartitismo Mehrparteiensystem multiparty system Einparteiensystem one-party system regime di partito unico authoritarian regime regime autoritario autoritäres Regime Militärregime military regime regime militare parlamentarisches System parliamentary system regime parlamentare Föderalismus federalism federalismo Republik republic repubblica bipartitismo Zweiparteiensystem two-party system Änderung des politischen Systems change of political system cambiamento di regime politico oligarchy oligarchia Oligarchie Präsidentialregime presidential régime regime presidenziale political party partito politico Politische Partei Parteiorganisation party organisation organizzazione dei partiti Parteigründung formation of a party costituzione di un partito political affiliation affiliazione politica Parteimitgliedschaft Parteienfinanzierung party financing finanziamento dei partiti aktives Parteimitglied political militant militante politico politisches Programm political programme programma politico politische Spaltung political split scissione politica ufficio politico Parteivorstand political executive politischer Zirkel political club club politico party congress congresso di partito Parteitag political party partito politico politische Partei kommunistische Partei Communist Party partito comunista Conservative Party partito conservatore konservative Partei demokratische Partei Democratic Party partito democratico christlich-demokratische Partei Christian Democratic Party partito democratico cristiano Umweltpartei Ecology Party partito ecologista europäische Partei European party partito europeo partito liberale liberale Partei Liberal Party republikanische Partei Republican Party partito repubblicano Social Democratic Party partito socialdemocratico sozialdemokratische Partei sozialistische Partei Socialist Party partito socialista Arbeiterpartei Labour Party partito laburista radikale Partei radical party partito radicale nationalistische Partei nationalist party partito nazionalistico autonomistische Partei autonomist party partito autonomistico partito estremista extremistische Partei extremist party außerparlamentarische Partei extra-parliamentary party partito extraparlamentare monarchist party partito monarchico Monarchistenpartei regionalistische Partei regionalist party partito regionalista politische Richtung political tendency tendenza politica politische Rechte political right destra politica extreme right estrema destra extreme Rechte extreme Linke extreme left estrema sinistra politische Linke political left sinistra politica politisches Zentrum political centre centro politico Wahlverfahren electoral procedure and voting procedura elettorale e voto Wahlrecht electoral law diritto elettorale election elezione Wahl vorgezogene Wahl early election elezioni anticipate European election elezioni europee europäische Wahl Lokalwahl local election elezioni locali nationale Wahl national election elezioni nazionali Parlamentswahl parliamentary election elezioni politiche Präsidentschaftswahl presidential election elezioni presidenziali elezione regionale Regionalwahl regional election Stimmenmehrheit majority voting maggioranza dei voti absolute Mehrheit absolute majority maggioranza assoluta qualified majority maggioranza qualificata qualifizierte Mehrheit einfache Mehrheit simple majority maggioranza semplice Einstimmigkeit unanimity unanimità Wahlmodus voting method sistema di votazione Verhältniswahl proportional representation rappresentanza proporzionale list voting system scrutinio di lista Listenwahl starre Liste fixed party list lista bloccata cross voting panachage Panaschieren Vorzugsstimme preferential voting voto preferenziale Mehrheitswahl majority voting system scrutinio maggioritario Wahl mit zwei Wahlgängen double-ballot voting system scrutinio a due turni Stichwahl second ballot scrutinio di ballottaggio single-ballot system scrutinio a un turno Wahl mit einem Wahlgang Wahl in Einmandatswahlkreisen uninominal voting system scrutinio uninominale Wahlorganisation organisation of elections organizzazione elettorale Wahlkreiseinteilung division into constituencies ripartizione in circoscrizioni electorate elettorato Wählerschaft Eintragung in die Wählerliste registration of voters iscrizione elettorale electoral register lista elettorale Wählerverzeichnis Wahlalter voting age età elettorale Wahlkampf election campaign campagna elettorale Wahlkampffinanzierung election financing finanziamento elettorale election expenses spese elettorali Wahlkampfkosten Wahlbündnis electoral alliance alleanza elettorale Wahlprogramm election programme programma elettorale Wahlpropaganda election campaign publicity propaganda elettorale Kandidat candidate candidato Anmeldung einer Kandidatur announcement of candidacy dichiarazione di candidatura withdrawal of candidacy rinuncia Kandidaturverzicht Wahlkaution electoral deposit cauzione elettorale Beurlaubung wegen politischer Betätigung leave for political activities congedo politico Parlamentssitz parliamentary seat seggio parlamentare Sitzverteilung allocation of seats ripartizione dei seggi Wahlquotient electoral quota quoziente elettorale allocation clause clausola di ripartizione Sperrklausel vacant seat seggio vacante frei gewordener Sitz sistema elettorale Wahlsystem electoral system indirekte Wahl indirect election elezioni indirette Primärwahl primary election elezioni primarie by-election elezioni parziali Nachwahl Referendum referendum referendum Plebiszit plebiscite plebiscito allgemeines Wahlrecht universal suffrage suffragio universale Europäisches Wahlsystem European electoral system sistema elettorale europeo riforma elettorale Wahlreform electoral reform Stimmabgabe vote votazione Stimmenzählung counting of the votes conteggio dei voti Wahlergebnis election result risultato elettorale distribution of votes ripartizione dei voti Stimmenverteilung abgegebene gültige Stimme votes cast voto espresso leerer Stimmzettel blank ballot paper scheda bianca ungültiger Stimmzettel invalid ballot paper scheda nulla voting intentions intenzione di voto Wählerwille Wahlbeteiligung turnout of voters partecipazione elettorale gesetzliche Wahlpflicht compulsory voting voto obbligatorio Wahlprüfung election monitoring verifica dello scrutinio Wahlstreitigkeiten objections to an election result contenzioso elettorale Wahlbetrug electoral fraud frode elettorale invalidity of an election nullità di una elezione Ungültigkeit einer Wahl Stimmabgabe im Voraus advance voting voto espresso in anticipo Briefwahl postal vote voto per corrispondenza voto per procura Stimmabgabe durch Bevollmächtigten proxy vote öffentliche Wahl open ballot voto palese secret ballot voto segreto geheime Wahl Stimmzettel ballot paper scheda elettorale Wahllokal polling station seggio elettorale Wahlenthaltung abstentionism astensionismo Abstimmungsergebnis result of the vote risultato del voto Parlament parliament Parlamento Zuständigkeit des Parlaments powers of parliament competenza del parlamento parlamentarische Kontrolle parliamentary control controllo parlamentare Interpellation question put to a minister interpellanza motion of censure mozione di censura Misstrauensantrag Petition petition petizione parlamentarische Anfrage parliamentary question interrogazione parlamentare schriftliche Anfrage written question interrogazione scritta oral question interrogazione orale mündliche Anfrage Vertrauensfrage confidence motion questione di fiducia parlamentarische Untersuchung parliamentary inquiry indagine parlamentare legislative period legislatura Legislaturperiode Entschließung des Parlaments resolution of parliament risoluzione del parlamento composition of parliament composizione del parlamento Zusammensetzung des Parlaments parlamentarischer Ausschuss parliamentary committee commissione parlamentare Ad-hoc-Ausschuss ad hoc committee commissione ad hoc committee of inquiry commissione d'inchiesta Untersuchungsausschuss ständiger Ausschuss standing committee commissione permanente Fachausschuss specialised committee commissione speciale Zusammensetzung eines parlamentarischen Ausschusses composition of a parliamentary committee composizione di una commissione parlamentare political group gruppo politico Fraktion fraktionsloser Abgeordneter non-attached member non iscritto Parlamentsdelegation parliamentary delegation delegazione parlamentare Parlamentspräsidium bureau of parliament ufficio di presidenza del parlamento Präsident des Parlaments Speaker of Parliament presidente del parlamento Deputy Speaker of Parliament vicepresidente del parlamento Vizepräsident des Parlaments Parlamentsdirektor treasurer questore Parlamentskammer parliamentary chamber camera parlamentare Einkammersystem unicameral system monocameralismo bicameral system bicameralismo Zweikammersystem Zweite Kammer Upper House seconda camera directly-elected chamber camera eletta con voto diretto direkt gewählte Kammer Bundesparlament federal chamber camera federale conferenza dei presidenti [V4.2] Konferenz der Vorsitzenden [V4.2] conference of presidents [V4.2] Parlament parliament parlamento nationales Parlament national parliament parlamento nazionale regional parliament parlamento regionale regionales Parlament Parlamentarier Member of Parliament parlamentare parlamentarische Immunität parliamentary immunity immunità parlamentare incompatibility incompatibilità Inkompatibilität Diäten parliamentary allowance indennità parlamentare Wahlmandat elective office mandato elettivo Mandatshäufung multiple office holding cumulo di mandati Privilegien des Abgeordneten privilege privilegio Unkostenpauschale des Sekretariats secretarial allowance indennità di segreteria interesse finanziario dei membri Kapitaleinkünfte der Abgeordneten financial interests of members stellvertretendes Mitglied alternate supplente Statute for Members of the European Parliament status dei parlamentari Abgeordnetenstatut interparlamentarische Beziehungen interparliamentary relations relazione interparlamentare interparlamentarische Zusammenarbeit inter-parliamentary cooperation cooperazione interparlamentare COSAC COSAC COSAC interparliamentary delegation delegazione interparlamentare interparlamentarische Delegation parlamentarische Arbeit parliamentary proceedings lavori parlamentari Gesetzgebungsverfahren legislative procedure procedura legislativa Gesetzesinitiative legislative initiative iniziativa legislativa Gesetzesvorlage der Regierung government bill disegno di legge non-government bill proposta di legge Gesetzesvorlage von Abgeordneten amendment emendamento Änderungsantrag Veröffentlichung des Gesetzes publication of a law pubblicazione della legge Gesetzesänderung amendment of a law revisione della legge Ausfertigung des Gesetzes promulgation of a law promulgazione della legge Stellungnahme opinion parere votazione della legge Verabschiedung des Gesetzes passage of a bill Annahme des Gesetzes adoption of a law by vote approvazione della legge Gesetzesformulierung legislative drafting formulazione legislativa parliamentary procedure procedura parlamentare parlamentarisches Verfahren Vertagung adjournment aggiornamento parliamentary sitting seduta parlamentare Parlamentssitzung Parlamentsdebatte parliamentary debate dibattito parlamentare explanation of voting dichiarazione di voto Erklärung zur Abstimmung Sitzungsdokument document for discussion at a sitting documento di seduta Ausschussbericht committee report relazione di commissione Fragestunde question time ora delle interrogazioni Tagesordnung agenda ordine del giorno öffentliche Anhörung public hearing audizione pubblica Sitzungsperiode des Parlaments parliamentary session sessione parlamentare parlamentarische Abstimmung parliamentary vote voto del parlamento Fraktionszwang voting discipline disciplina di voto quorum quorum Beschlussfähigkeit Stimmabgabe durch Vertreter vote by delegation voto per delega Gesamtabstimmung vote on a text as a whole voto bloccato elektronische Abstimmung electronic voting voto elettronico namentliche Abstimmung roll-call vote votazione per appello nominale Geschäftsordnung des Parlaments parliamentary rules of procedure regolamento del parlamento Politisches Leben und öffentliche Sicherheit politics and public safety vita politica e sicurezza pubblica politische Bewegung trends of opinion movimento d'opinione ziviler Ungehorsam civil disobedience disobbedienza civile Hungerstreik hunger strike sciopero della fame dissidence dissidenza Abspaltung Menschenrechtsbewegung human rights movement movimento per i diritti dell'uomo schweigende Mehrheit silent majority maggioranza silenziosa Militarismus militarism militarismo Autonomiebewegung autonomous movement movimento autonomo movimento antirazzista Antirassismusbewegung anti-racist movement Frauenbewegung women's movement movimento femminista youth movement movimento giovanile Jugendbewegung ökologische Bewegung ecology movement movimento ecologista Arbeiterbewegung workers' movement movimento operaio Bauernbewegung farmers' movement movimento contadino soziale Bewegung social movement movimento sociale non violenza Gewaltlosigkeit non-violence Andersdenkender opposition dissidente pacifism pacifismo Pazifismus Genossenschaftsbewegung associative movement movimento associazionista Anti-Globalisierungsbewegung anti-globalisation movement movimento antiglobalizzazione patriotische Bewegung patriotic movement movimento patriottico public opinion opinione pubblica öffentliche Meinung Image image immagine di marca public awareness campaign campagna di sensibilizzazione Sensibilisierung der Öffentlichkeit öffentliche Sicherheit public safety sicurezza pubblica öffentliche Ordnung public order ordine pubblico politische Agitation political unrest agitazione politica rule under emergency powers stato d'eccezione Ausnahmezustand Notstand state of emergency stato d'emergenza Polizei police polizia bürgernahe Polizei neighbourhood police polizia di prossimità regional police polizia regionale Regionalpolizei Gemeindepolizei municipal police polizia locale Polizeikontrolle police checks controllo di polizia Grenzkontrolle border control controllo alla frontiera Repression repression repressione civil defence protezione civile Zivilschutz Evakuierung der Bevölkerung evacuation of the population evacuazione della popolazione Privatwaffe personal weapon arma personale staatliche Gewalt government violence violenza di Stato politische Gewalt political violence violenza politica Staatsstreich coup d'état colpo di Stato political kidnapping sequestro politico politische Entführung Bürgerkrieg civil war guerra civile Nationalitätenstreit ethnic conflict conflitto interetnico politischer Gefangener political prisoner prigioniero politico politischer Flüchtling political refugee rifugiato politico gewaltsames Verschwinden forced disappearance sparizione forzata terrorismo Terrorismus terrorism Folter torture tortura Bestehen der Institution institutional activity vita istituzionale interinstitutionelle Beziehungen interinstitutional relations relazioni interistituzionali institutionelle Zusammenarbeit institutional cooperation cooperazione istituzionale rules of procedure regolamento interno Betriebsordnung Sitz der Institution seat of Community institution sede dell'istituzione institutionelle Reform institutional reform riforma istituzionale institutionelle Zuständigkeit competence of the institution competenza istituzionale Kompetenzverteilung division of powers ripartizione delle competenze politischer Kompetenzstreit conflict of powers conflitto di poteri relations between the State and the regions rapporti Stato-regioni Beziehungen Staat/Region Amtssprache official language lingua ufficiale Sprachregelung use of languages utilizzazione delle lingue accordo istituzionale institutionelles Abkommen institutional agreement politisches Leben politics vita politica politisches Verhalten political behaviour comportamento politico politische Mitbestimmung political involvement partecipazione politica Entpolitisierung depoliticisation spoliticizzazione personalisation of power personalizzazione del potere Personifizierung der Macht politische Moral political morality moralità della vita politica concentration of powers accentramento dei poteri Machtkonzentration politische Krise political crisis crisi politica Rücktritt der Regierung resignation of the government dimissioni del governo dissolution of parliament scioglimento delle camere Auflösung des Parlaments politische Schlichtung political arbitration arbitrato politico Regierungsumbildung cabinet reshuffle rimpasto ministeriale Interessengruppe interest group gruppo d'interesse politischer Wechsel political alternation avvicendamento politico politische Mehrheit political majority maggioranza politica motivazione politica politische Motivation political motivation politische Opposition political opposition opposizione politica Schattenkabinett shadow cabinet gabinetto ombra leader of the opposition capo dell'opposizione Oppositionsführer political minority minoranza politica politische Minderheit Pendelpartei hinge party partito cerniera Beziehung Legislative/Exekutive legislative-executive relations rapporto tra legislativo ed esecutivo politische Vertretung political representation rappresentanza politica politische Verantwortung political responsibility responsabilità politica Politiker politician uomo politico bipolarismo Bipolarisierung bipolarisation politische Reform political reform riforma politica political situation situazione politica politische Lage politisches Bündnis political coalition coalizione politica Abgeordnetenrechte status of the person elected status dell'eletto öffentliches Amt public office carica pubblica politische Kohabitation political cohabitation coabitazione politica propaganda politica politische Propaganda political propaganda potere esecutivo e amministrazione pubblica exekutive Gewalt und öffentliche Verwaltung executive power and public service öffentliche Verwaltung public administration pubblica amministrazione Zentralverwaltung central government amministrazione centrale Ministerium ministry ministero local government amministrazione locale Gemeindeverwaltung öffentlich-rechtliche Einrichtung public institution ente pubblico öffentliche Dienststelle public service servizio pubblico lokaler Mandatsträger locally elected representative eletto locale Regionalverwaltung regional government amministrazione regionale rapporto amministrazione-amministrato Beziehungen Verwaltung/Bürger citizen-authority relations Mittler mediator difensore civico appeal to an administrative authority ricorso amministrativo Verwaltungsbeschwerde Verwaltungsformalität administrative formalities formalità amministrativa Verwaltungstransparenz administrative transparency trasparenza amministrativa verwaltungsmäßige Zuordnung administrative supervision tutela amministrativa electronic government amministrazione elettronica elektronische Verwaltung öffentlich-private Partnerschaft [V4.2] public-private partnership [V4.2] partenariato pubblico-privato [V4.2] administrative law diritto amministrativo Verwaltungsrecht Zuständigkeit der Verwaltungsgerichte administrative powers competenza amministrativa administrative procedure procedura amministrativa Verwaltungsgerichtsverfahren Disziplinarverfahren disciplinary proceedings procedura disciplinare Übertragung von Befugnissen delegation of power delega di potere Disziplinarmaßnahme administrative penalty sanzione amministrativa Verantwortlichkeit der Verwaltung administrative responsibility responsabilità amministrativa diritto pubblico economico Wirtschaftsverwaltungsrecht public economic law Verwaltungsmaßnahme administrative measure atto amministrativo Rundschreiben circular circolare administrative contract contratto amministrativo verwaltungsrechtlicher Vertrag Verwaltungsvergehen administrative offence infrazione amministrativa Verwaltungsorganisation administrative structures organizzazione amministrativa Zusammenarbeit der Verwaltungen administrative cooperation cooperazione amministrativa decentralisation decentramento Dezentralisierung Dekonzentration devolution decentralizzazione Verwaltungsgliederung administrative unit ripartizione amministrativa öffentlicher Dienst civil service funzione pubblica Angestellter der öffentlichen Versorgungsbetriebe public service employee impiegato dei servizi pubblici civil servant funzionario Beamter Beamtenstatut regulations for civil servants statuto dei funzionari Beamtenpflichten duties of civil servants doveri del funzionario rights of civil servants diritti del funzionario Beamtenrechte Zeitvertragsbedienstete contract staff personale a contratto Verwaltungsreform administrative reform riforma amministrativa regionalizzazione Regionalisierung regionalisation Autonomie autonomy autonomia administrative autonomy autonomia amministrativa Verwaltungsautonomie Exekutive executive body esecutivo Zuständigkeit der Exekutive executive competence competenza dell'esecutivo Verwaltungskontrolle administrative control controllo amministrativo delegated legislation delegazione legislativa übertragene Gesetzgebungsbefugnis Regierungspolitik government policy politica del governo Demokratisierung democratisation democratizzazione government programme programma di governo Regierungsprogramm Beziehung Kirche/Staat church-State relations rapporti Stato-Chiesa Innenpolitik domestic policy politica interna Verordnungsbefugnis statutory power potere regolamentare Ministerverantwortlichkeit ministerial responsibility responsabilità ministeriale government governo Regierung Ministerrat Council of Ministers Consiglio dei ministri minister ministro Minister Regierungschef head of government capo di governo Regierungserklärung government statement dichiarazione del governo Governance governance governance Gebietskörperschaft regional and local authorities ente pubblico territoriale Gemeinde municipality comune county contea Grafschaft Departement department (France) dipartimento überseeisches Departement overseas department (France) dipartimento d'oltremare überseeische Länder und Gebiete overseas countries and territories paesi e territori d'oltremare Provinz province provincia regione Region region überseeisches Gebiet overseas territory territorio d'oltremare autonomous community comunità autonoma autonome Körperschaft kommunale Gebietskörperschaft local authority ente locale regionale Gebietskörperschaft regional authority ente regionale Gemeindeverband association of local authorities consorzio comunale kommunaler Zweckverband joint authority sindacato dei comuni Territorialenklave territorial enclave enclave territoriale INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS RELAZIONI INTERNAZIONALI INTERNATIONALE BEZIEHUNGEN Internationale Politik international affairs politica internazionale nationale Unabhängigkeit national independence indipendenza nazionale Entkolonisierung decolonisation decolonizzazione economic independence indipendenza economica wirtschaftliche Unabhängigkeit technologische Unabhängigkeit technological independence indipendenza tecnologica nationale Befreiungsbewegung national liberation movement movimento di liberazione nazionale Unabhängigkeit in der Nahrungsmittelversorgung self-sufficiency in food indipendenza alimentare Selbstbestimmung self-determination autodeterminazione unificazione nazionale nationale Einigung national unification Kolonialismus colonialism colonialismo international organisation organizzazione internazionale internationale Organisation parlamentarische Versammlung parliamentary assembly assemblea parlamentare international civil service funzione pubblica internazionale internationaler öffentlicher Dienst internationaler Beamter international civil servant funzionario internazionale Ausschluss aus einer internationalen Organisation exclusion from an international organisation esclusione da un'organizzazione internazionale Erweiterung einer internationalen Organisation enlargement of an international organisation ampliamento di un'organizzazione internazionale internationales Abkommen international agreement accordo internazionale Rahmenabkommen framework agreement accordo quadro association agreement accordo d'associazione Assoziierungsabkommen Kooperationsabkommen cooperation agreement accordo di cooperazione Protokoll zu einem Abkommen protocol to an agreement protocollo di accordo Finanzprotokoll financial protocol protocollo finanziario Ratifizierung eines Abkommens ratification of an agreement ratifica di accordo Wirtschaftsabkommen economic agreement accordo economico accordo bilaterale bilaterales Abkommen bilateral agreement multilaterales Abkommen multilateral agreement accordo multilaterale international negotiations negoziato internazionale internationale Verhandlungen Unterzeichnung eines Abkommens signature of an agreement firma di accordo Abkommensbeitritt accession to an agreement adesione ad un accordo Gegenleistung für ein Abkommen financial compensation of an agreement contropartita d'accordo Kündigung eines Abkommens withdrawal from an agreement denuncia d'accordo rinnovo di un accordo Verlängerung eines Abkommens renewal of an agreement Abkommensrevision revision of an agreement revisione d'accordo protective clause clausola di salvaguardia Schutzklausel internationales Vertragswerk international instrument strumento internazionale Empfehlung recommendation raccomandazione international convention convenzione internazionale internationale Konvention Konvention UNO UN convention convenzione ONU European convention convenzione europea Europäische Konvention Europäische Konvention der Menschenrechte und Grundfreiheiten European Convention on Human Rights Convenzione europea dei diritti dell'uomo Entschließung resolution risoluzione Entschließung UNO UN resolution risoluzione ONU internationales Abkommen UNO UN international covenant Patto internazionale ONU Verhaltenskodex code of conduct codice di condotta internationale Charta international charter carta internazionale Charta der Vereinten Nationen United Nations Charter Carta delle Nazioni Unite European charter carta europea europäische Charta internationale Politik international affairs politica internazionale Nord-Süd-Beziehungen North-South relations relazioni Nord-Sud new economic order nuovo ordine economico neue Weltwirtschaftsordnung bilaterale Beziehungen bilateral relations relazioni bilaterali diplomatische Beziehungen diplomatic relations relazioni diplomatiche diplomatischer Schutz diplomatic protection protezione diplomatica diplomatic representation rappresentanza diplomatica diplomatische Vertretung diplomatischer Dienst diplomatic profession professioni diplomatiche embassy ambasciata Botschaft Konsulat consulate consolato diplomatische Immunität diplomatic immunity immunità diplomatica Beobachter observer osservatore Ständige Vertretung beim Rat der EU permanent representation to the EU rappresentanza permanente presso l'UE parlamentarische Diplomatie parliamentary diplomacy diplomazia parlamentare diplomatisches Protokoll [V4.2] diplomatic protocol [V4.2] protocollo diplomatico [V4.2] Wirtschaftsbeziehungen economic relations relazioni economiche Ost-West-Beziehungen East-West relations relazioni Est-Ovest relazioni internazionali internationale Beziehungen international relations multilaterale Beziehungen multilateral relations relazioni multilaterali relations between the two German States rapporti tra le due Germanie innerdeutsche Beziehungen Staatsbesuch official visit visita ufficiale internationale Hilfe international aid aiuto internazionale internationale Sanktion international sanctions sanzione internazionale internationales Treffen international meeting riunione internazionale Gipfeltreffen summit meeting incontro al vertice ministerial meeting riunione dei ministri Ministertagung internationale Konferenz international conference conferenza internazionale Konferenz UNO UN Conference conferenza dell'ONU European conference conferenza europea europäische Konferenz sanzione economica Wirtschaftssanktion economic sanctions Militärsanktion military sanctions sanzione militare fact-finding mission missione d'inchiesta Untersuchungskommission cooperation policy politica di cooperazione Politik der Zusammenarbeit Beihilfepolitik aid policy politica di aiuto Spende donation dono foreign aid aiuto all'estero Auslandshilfe Nahrungsmittelhilfe food aid aiuto alimentare bilaterale Hilfe bilateral aid aiuto bilaterale Soforthilfe emergency aid aiuto urgente Wirtschaftshilfe economic aid aiuto economico aiuto in natura Naturalhilfe aid in kind Finanzhilfe financial aid aiuto finanziario multilateral aid aiuto multilaterale multilaterale Hilfe private Hilfe private aid aiuto privato Hilfe im Gesundheitswesen health aid aiuto sanitario Hilfe im Ausbildungswesen assistance in training assistenza nella formazione Beihilferegelung aid system regime di aiuto Voraussetzung für die Beihilfegewährung terms for aid condizione dell'aiuto coordination of aid coordinamento degli aiuti Koordinierung der Beihilfen nichtrückzahlbare Hilfe non-refundable aid aiuto non rimborsabile Finanzierung der Hilfe financing of aid finanziamento dell'aiuto Geberland donor country paese donatore Hilfsprogramm aid programme programma di aiuto ripartizione dell'aiuto Verteilung der Hilfe distribution of aid Aussetzung der Hilfe suspension of aid sospensione degli aiuti use of aid utilizzazione degli aiuti Verwendung der Hilfe Empfänger der Hilfe aid recipient beneficiario dell'aiuto Bewertung der Hilfe aid evaluation valutazione dell'aiuto aiuto allo sviluppo Entwicklungshilfe development aid EEF EDF FES source of aid provenienza dell'aiuto Ursprung der Hilfe Entwicklungshelfer development worker assistente allo sviluppo humanitarian aid aiuto umanitario humanitäre Hilfe Flüchtlingshilfe aid to refugees aiuto ai rifugiati aid to disaster victims aiuto ai sinistrati Katastrophenhilfe freiwilliger Entwicklungshelfer international voluntary worker volontario internazionale Politik der Zusammenarbeit cooperation policy politica di cooperazione handelspolitische Zusammenarbeit trade cooperation cooperazione commerciale cultural cooperation cooperazione culturale kulturelle Zusammenarbeit wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit economic cooperation cooperazione economica finanzielle Zusammenarbeit financial cooperation cooperazione finanziaria industrielle Zusammenarbeit industrial cooperation cooperazione industriale Ergänzungsabkommen complementarity agreement accordo di complementarità internationale Zusammenarbeit international cooperation cooperazione internazionale Europäische Zusammenarbeit European cooperation cooperazione europea Europäische Integration European integration integrazione europea europäische Bewegung European Movement movimento europeo history of Europe storia dell'Europa Geschichte des europäischen Einigungswerks Bewegung gegen Europa anti-European movement movimento contro l'Europa Verbreitung des Europagedankens promotion of the European idea promozione dell'idea europea europäisches Symbol European symbol simbolo europeo vision of Europe visione dell'Europa Vision Europas cooperazione giudiziaria Zusammenarbeit der Justizbehörden judicial cooperation europäischer Rechtsraum European legal area spazio giudiziario europeo militärische Zusammenarbeit military cooperation cooperazione militare political cooperation cooperazione politica politische Zusammenarbeit politische Integration political integration integrazione politica Annäherung der Politiken approximation of policies ravvicinamento delle politiche regionale Zusammenarbeit regional cooperation cooperazione regionale wissenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit scientific cooperation cooperazione scientifica wissenschaftlicher Austausch scientific exchange scambio scientifico Süd-Süd-Zusammenarbeit South-South cooperation cooperazione Sud-Sud technische Zusammenarbeit technical cooperation cooperazione tecnica cooperazione transfrontaliera grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit cross-border cooperation assoziiertes Land associated country paese associato member country paese membro Mitgliedsland Drittland third country paesi terzi Zusammenarbeit in Rechtsfragen legal cooperation cooperazione giuridica arabisch-afrikanische Zusammenarbeit Arab-African cooperation cooperazione arabo-africana europäisch-arabische Zusammenarbeit Euro-Arab cooperation cooperazione euro-araba cooperazione doganale Zusammenarbeit im Zollwesen customs cooperation umweltpolitische Zusammenarbeit environmental cooperation cooperazione sull'ambiente police cooperation cooperazione di polizia polizeiliche Zusammenarbeit Interpol Interpol Interpol nicht assoziiertes Land non-associated country paese non associato Europa-Mittelmeerraum-Partnerschaft Euro-Mediterranean partnership partenariato euromediterraneo cooperazione agricola Zusammenarbeit im Bereich der Landwirtschaft cooperation on agriculture Zusammenarbeit im Bildungswesen cooperation in the field of education cooperazione educativa Internationales Gleichgewicht international balance equilibrio internazionale internationaler Konflikt international conflict conflitto internazionale völkerrechtliche Streitigkeit international dispute controversia internazionale Gebietsanspruch territorial dispute contenzioso territoriale war damage danni di guerra Kriegsschaden Kriegsrecht law of war diritto bellico Krieg war guerra Unabhängigkeitskrieg war of independence guerra d'indipendenza border war guerra di frontiera Grenzkrieg Atomkrieg nuclear war guerra nucleare ethnische Säuberung ethnic cleansing pulizia etnica Erster Weltkrieg First World War prima guerra mondiale Zweiter Weltkrieg Second World War seconda guerra mondiale Einmischung interference ingerenza militärische Besetzung military occupation occupazione militare territorio occupato besetztes Gebiet occupied territory militärischer Eingriff military intervention intervento militare conflict prevention prevenzione dei conflitti Konfliktprävention foreign policy politica estera Außenpolitik Imperialismus imperialism imperialismo isolationism isolazionismo Isolationismus Neutralität neutrality neutralità Blockfreiheit non-alignment non allineamento internationale Sicherheit international security sicurezza internazionale Abrüstung disarmament disarmo Abbau der Streitkräfte force reduction riduzione delle forze nuclear non-proliferation non proliferazione di armi nucleari Nichtverbreitung von Kernwaffen nukleare Abrüstung creation of nuclear-free zones denuclearizzazione peace zone zona di pace Friedenszone Rüstungsbegrenzung arms limitation limitazione degli armamenti START-Abkommen START agreement accordo START ABM Agreement accordo ABM ABM-Vertrag SALT-Abkommen SALT Agreement accordo SALT Waffenvernichtung weapons' destruction distruzione delle armi militarisation of space militarizzazione dello spazio Militarisierung des Weltraums europäische Sicherheit European security sicurezza europea KVAE CDE CDE Eurorakete Euro-missile euromissile Rüstungskontrolle arms control controllo degli armamenti OSCE OSZE OSCE Nichtverbreitung von Waffen non-proliferation of arms non proliferazione degli armamenti demilitarised zone zona smilitarizzata entmilitarisierte Zone Sicherheit einer geografischen Region regional security sicurezza regionale internationale Frage international issue questione internazionale Flüchtling refugee profugo Armenian question questione armena Armenien-Frage Kurdistan-Frage Kurdistan question questione curda Palästina-Frage Palestinian question questione palestinese Vereinigung Deutschlands unification of Germany unificazione della Germania Berlin-Status status of Berlin status di Berlino status di Gerusalemme Jerusalem-Status status of Jerusalem politischer Status political status status politico West Bank question questione cisgiordana Westjordanland-Frage Tibetfrage Tibetan question questione del Tibet Kriegsopfer war victim vittima di guerra Deportierter deportee deportato ex-serviceman ex combattente ehemaliger Kriegsteilnehmer Kriegsgefangener prisoner of war prigioniero di guerra Opfer unter der Zivilbevölkerung civilian victim vittima civile Friede peace pace Eurogroup Eurogroup Eurogruppo cold war guerra fredda kalter Krieg Erhaltung des Friedens peacekeeping mantenimento della pace Blockpolitik East-West policy politica dei blocchi Beilegung der Streitigkeiten settlement of disputes composizione delle controversie internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit international arbitration arbitrato internazionale cease-fire cessate il fuoco Waffenstillstand multinationale Truppe multinational force forza multinazionale Gruppo di Contadora Contadora-Gruppe Contadora Group Partnerschaft für den Frieden Partnership for Peace Partenariato per la pace peaceful co-existence coesistenza pacifica friedliche Koexistenz Herbeiführung des Friedens establishment of peace instaurazione della pace Verteidigung defence difesa Verteidigungspolitik defence policy politica di difesa Abschreckung deterrent dissuasione European defence policy politica europea di difesa europäische Verteidigungspolitik Schnelleingreiftruppe rapid reaction force forza di reazione rapida Wiederaufrüstung rearmament riarmo Verteidigungsausgaben defence expenditure spese di difesa strategische Verteidigung strategic defence difesa strategica Truppenstationierung stationing of forces stazionamento di forze base militare militärischer Stützpunkt military base Verteidigungshaushalt defence budget bilancio della difesa military secret segreto militare militärisches Geheimnis Verteidigungsstatistik defence statistics statistica della difesa Militärwissenschaft military science scienza militare armed forces esercito Armee Berufsarmee professional army esercito professionale land forces esercito di terra Heer paramilitärische Einheit paramilitary force forze paramilitari Geheimdienst secret service servizio segreto Spionage espionage controspionaggio Luftwaffe air force forze aeree Reservistenarmee reserve army forze di riserva im Ausland stationierte Streitkräfte forces abroad contingente militare all'estero marina militare Kriegsmarine navy Wehrdienst national service servizio nazionale di leva unerlaubtes Entfernen von der Truppe failure to report for duty renitenza alla leva conscientious objection obiezione di coscienza Kriegsdienstverweigerung Wehrdienst für Frauen women's military service servizio militare femminile freiwilliger Wehrdienst voluntary military service servizio volontario Zivildienst alternative service servizio civile mercenary mercenario Söldner militärische Disziplin military discipline disciplina militare militärische Übung military training addestramento militare militärische Manöver military manoeuvres manovre militari Zivilbedienstete civilian personnel personale civile Angehörige der Streitkräfte military personnel personale militare diritto militare [V4.2] Militärrecht [V4.2] military law [V4.2] Bewaffnung military equipment armamento Rakete missile missile Raketenabwehr anti-missile defence difesa antimissile ballistic missile missile balistico ballistische Rakete Lenkflugkörper guided missile missile teleguidato Interkontinentalrakete intercontinental missile missile intercontinentale conventional weapon arma convenzionale konventionelle Waffe Brandwaffe incendiary weapon arma incendiaria firearms and munitions armi da fuoco e munizioni Feuerwaffe Kampffahrzeug combat vehicle veicolo da combattimento Anti-Personen-Waffe anti-personnel weapon arma antiuomo Massenvernichtungsmittel weapon of mass destruction arma di distruzione di massa chemische Waffe chemical weapon arma chimica nuclear weapon arma nucleare Kernwaffe taktische Kernwaffe tactical nuclear weapon arma nucleare tattica strategic nuclear weapon arma nucleare strategica strategische Kernwaffe biologische Waffe biological weapon arma biologica Kriegsflotte warships forze navali Flugzeugträger aircraft carrier portaerei submarine sottomarino Unterseeboot Weltraumwaffe space-based weapons arma spaziale Laserwaffe laser weapon arma laser aviazione militare Militärflugzeuge military aircraft Kampfflugzeug combat aircraft aereo da combattimento bomber bombardiere Bombenflugzeug Kampfhubschrauber combat helicopter elicottero da combattimento nicht tödliche Waffen non-lethal weapon arma non letale prohibited weapon [V4.2] arma proibita [V4.2] verbotene Waffe [V4.2] Rüstungspolitik arms policy politica degli armamenti Waffenhandel arms trade commercio di armi arms industry industria degli armamenti Rüstungsindustrie Versorgung mit Waffen arms supply approvvigionamento di armi europäische Rüstungspolitik European arms policy politica europea degli armamenti Anpassung der Waffensysteme harmonisation of weapons armonizzazione degli armamenti Waffenlagerung stockpiling of weapons stoccaggio di armi EUROPÄISCHE GEMEINSCHAFTEN EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES COMUNITÀ EUROPEE Organe und Einrichtungen der Europäischen Union und europäischer öffentlicher Dienst Community institutions and European civil service istituzioni dell'Unione europea e funzione pubblica europea Gemeinschaftsorgan EU institution istituzione dell'Unione europea Rat der Europäischen Union Council of the European Union Consiglio dell'Unione europea AStV Coreper Coreper EU Council Presidency presidenza del Consiglio dell'Unione europea Vorsitz des Rates der Europäischen Union EG-Troika Community Troika Troika comunitaria Ausschuss des Rates der Europäischen Union EU Council committee comitato del Consiglio dell'Unione europea Ecofin Ecofin Ecofin European Council Consiglio europeo Europäischer Rat Gerichtshof der Europäischen Gemeinschaften EC Court of Justice Corte di giustizia CE Mitglied des Gerichtshofs EG member of the EC Court of Justice membro della Corte di giustizia CE EC Court of First Instance Tribunale di primo grado CE Gericht erster Instanz der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Rechnungshof EG EC Court of Auditors Corte dei conti CE Mitglied des Rechnungshofes EG member of the EC Court of Auditors membro della Corte dei conti CE Europäisches Parlament European Parliament Parlamento europeo Ausschuss EP EP Committee commissione PE Member of the European Parliament parlamentare europeo europäischer Abgeordneter Präsidium des Europäischen Parlaments Bureau of the EP ufficio di presidenza del PE Präsident EP President of the EP presidente PE Vice-President of the EP vicepresidente PE Vizepräsident EP Quästor EP Quaestor of the EP questore PE Delegation EP EP delegation delegazione PE Kommission EG EC Commission Commissione CE Europäischer Kommissar European Commissioner commissario europeo Commission Delegation delegazione della Commissione Abordnung der Kommission Präsident der EG-Kommission President of the Commission presidente della Commissione Community body (established by the Treaties) organo comunitario Einrichtung der Gemeinschaft Bürgerbeauftragter EG EC Ombudsman mediatore CE OOPEC OPOCE OPOCE EIB EIB BEI Europäischer Investitionsfonds European Investment Fund Fondo europeo d'investimento Europäische Zentralbank European Central Bank Banca centrale europea Ausschuss der Regionen Committee of the Regions Comitato delle regioni Europäisches Währungsinstitut European Monetary Institute Istituto monetario europeo SEBC EZBS ESCB Europäischer Wirtschafts- und Sozialausschuss European Economic and Social Committee Comitato economico e sociale europeo European data protection supervisor [V4.2] garante europeo della protezione dei dati [V4.2] Europäischer Datenschutzbeauftragter [V4.2] EPSO [V4.2] EPSO [V4.2] EPSO [V4.2] institutionelle Struktur institutional structure struttura istituzionale Präsident einer Institution President presidente Vice-President vicepresidente Vizepräsident einer Institution Entscheidungsgremium decision-making body organo di decisione Sekretariat der Institution secretariat of an Institution segretariato dell'istituzione Generalsekretär einer Institution Secretary General segretario generale Europäischer öffentlicher Dienst European civil service funzione pubblica europea europäischer Beamter European official funzionario europeo Personal EG Laufbahngruppe A EC category A staff personale CE di grado A EC category B staff personale CE di grado B Personal EG Laufbahngruppe B Personal EG Laufbahngruppe C EC category C staff personale CE di grado C Personal EG Laufbahngruppe D EC category D staff personale CE di grado D Sonderlaufbahn Sprachendienst EG EC language service quadro linguistico CE EC competition concorso CE allgemeines Auswahlverfahren EG Bediensteter EG EC servants agente CE Arbeitsweise der Organe operation of the Institutions funzionamento istituzionale Verwaltung der Institution administration of the Institutions amministrazione dell'istituzione powers of the EC Institutions competenza istituzionale CE institutionelle Zuständigkeit EG Zuständigkeit des EP powers of the EP competenza del PE EC Institutional balance equilibrio istituzionale CE institutionelles Gleichgewicht EG Demokratiedefizit democratic deficit deficit democratico interinstitutionelle Beziehungen EG EC interinstitutional relations rapporti interistituzionali CE interinstitutionelle Vereinbarung interinstitutional agreement accordo interistituzionale EC interinstitutional cooperation cooperazione interistituzionale CE interinstitutionelle Zusammenarbeit EG Transparenz des Entscheidungsprozesses transparency in decision-making trasparenza del processo decisionale Zugang zu Gemeinschaftsinformationen access to Community information accesso all'informazione comunitaria dissemination of Community information diffusione dell'informazione comunitaria Verbreitung der Gemeinschaftsinformationen Öffentlichkeit der Sitzungen public conduct of debates pubblicità dei dibattiti EG-Behörde Community body organismo comunitario Einrichtung und Agentur der EU EU body or agency organismo e agenzia UE Versorgungsagentur EAG EAEC Supply Agency Agenzia di approvvigionamento della CEEA SOEC ISCE SAEG Europäische Stiftung zur Verbesserung der Lebens- und Arbeitsbedingungen European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions Fondazione europea per il miglioramento delle condizioni di vita e di lavoro gemeinsames Unternehmen EAG EAEC Joint Undertaking impresa comune CEEA Joint European Torus Joint European Torus Joint European Torus Europäische Vereinigung für Kooperation European Association for Cooperation Associazione europea per la cooperazione Europäische Umweltagentur European Environment Agency Agenzia europea dell’ambiente Cedefop Cedefop Cedefop Gemeinsame Forschungsstelle Joint Research Centre Centro comune di ricerca European Medicines Agency Agenzia europea per i medicinali Europäische Arzneimittel-Agentur Europäische Agentur für Sicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz am Arbeitsplatz European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Agenzia europea per la sicurezza e la salute sul lavoro Europäische Stiftung für Berufsbildung European Training Foundation Fondazione europea per la formazione Europäische Beobachtungsstelle für Drogen und Drogensucht European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction Osservatorio europeo delle droghe e delle tossicodipendenze Übersetzungszentrum für die Einrichtungen der Europäischen Union Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union Centro di traduzione degli organismi dell'Unione europea Ufficio comunitario delle varietà vegetali Gemeinschaftliches Sortenamt Community Plant Variety Office Harmonisierungsamt für den Binnenmarkt Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market Ufficio per l'armonizzazione nel mercato interno European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia Osservatorio europeo dei fenomeni di razzismo e xenofobia Europäische Stelle zur Beobachtung von Rassismus und Fremdenfeindlichkeit ECHO ECHO ECHO OLAF OLAF ULAF Europäische Behörde für Lebensmittelsicherheit European Food Safety Authority Autorità europea per la sicurezza alimentare Europäische Agentur für den Wiederaufbau European Agency for Reconstruction Agenzia europea per la ricostruzione Ufficio alimentare e veterinario Lebensmittel- und Veterinäramt Food and Veterinary Office Europäische Agentur für die Sicherheit des Seeverkehrs [V4.2] European Maritime Safety Agency [V4.2] Agenzia europea per la sicurezza marittima [V4.2] European Aviation Safety Agency [V4.2] Agenzia europea per la sicurezza aerea [V4.2] Europäische Agentur für Flugsicherheit [V4.2] ENISA [V4.2] ENISA [V4.2] ENISA [V4.2] Europäische Verteidigungsagentur [V4.2] European Defence Agency [V4.2] Agenzia europea per la difesa [V4.2] Centro europeo per la prevenzione e il controllo delle malattie [V4.2] Europäisches Zentrum für die Prävention und die Kontrolle von Krankheiten [V4.2] European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [V4.2] Europäisches Amt für chemische Stoffe [V4.2] European Chemicals Agency [V4.2] Agenzia europea delle sostanze chimiche [V4.2] Agenzia ferroviaria europea [V4.2] Europäische Eisenbahnagentur [V4.2] European Railway Agency [V4.2] EC committee comitato CE Ausschuss EG EG-Verwaltungsausschuss EC management committee comitato di gestione CE EC regulatory committee comitato di regolamentazione CE Regelungsausschuss Gemischter EG-Ausschuss EC joint committee comitato misto Beratender Ausschuss EG EC advisory committee comitato consultivo CE Paritätischer Ausschuss EG joint committee on EC matters comitato paritetico CE Ständiger Ausschuss EG EC standing committee comitato permanente CE comitato scientifico CE Wissenschaftlicher Ausschuss EG EC scientific committee Technischer Ausschuss EG EC technical committee comitato tecnico CE Institut der Europäischen Union für Sicherheitsstudien [V4.2] European Union Institute for Security Studies [V4.2] Istituto dell'Unione europea per gli studi sulla sicurezza [V4.2] Satellitenzentrum der Europäischen Union [V4.2] European Union Satellite Centre [V4.2] Centro satellitare dell'Unione europea [V4.2] Community law diritto comunitario Gemeinschaftsrecht Gemeinschaftsrecht Community law diritto comunitario Rechtsprechung EG EC case-law giurisprudenza CE Urteil des Gerichtshofs EG judgment of the EC Court sentenza della Corte CE national implementation of Community law applicazione del diritto comunitario Anwendung des Gemeinschaftsrechts Abweichung vom Gemeinschaftsrecht derogation from Community law deroga al diritto comunitario national implementing measure misura nazionale di esecuzione einzelstaatliche Durchführungsmaßnahme Verstoß gegen Gemeinschaftsrecht infringement of Community law violazione del diritto comunitario Gemeinschaftssanktion Community sanction sanzione comunitaria fraud against the European Union frode a danno dell'Unione europea Betrug zu Lasten der Europäischen Union Beschwerde an die Kommission complaint to the Commission denuncia alla Commissione EG-Vertragsverletzungsverfahren EC infringement procedure procedura CE d'infrazione Angleichung der Rechtsvorschriften approximation of laws ravvicinamento delle legislazioni abgeleitetes Recht secondary legislation diritto derivato Konsolidierung des Gemeinschaftsrechts consolidation of Community law consolidamento del diritto comunitario Kodifizierung des Gemeinschaftsrechts codification of Community law codificazione del diritto comunitario gemeinschaftliches Corpus Juris Community corpus juris corpus iuris comunitario Ausarbeitung des Gemeinschaftsrechts drafting of Community law elaborazione del diritto comunitario Vorschlag EG EC proposal proposta CE conciliation procedure procedura di concertazione Konzertierungsverfahren Konsultationsverfahren consultation procedure procedura di consultazione Kooperationsverfahren cooperation procedure procedura di cooperazione Rechtsgrundlage legal basis base giuridica Ausschussangelegenheiten comitology comitologia conferenza intergovernativa CE EG-Regierungskonferenz EC Intergovernmental Conference Mitentscheidungsverfahren codecision procedure procedura di codecisione Schlichtungsverfahren conciliation procedure (part of codecision procedure) procedura di conciliazione Community legislative programme programma legislativo comunitario EG-Gesetzgebungsprogramm Community legal system ordinamento giuridico comunitario Rechtsordnung der Gemeinschaft Zuständigkeit der Gemeinschaft Community competence competenza comunitaria Kompetenzübertragung transfer of competence trasferimento di competenze principle of subsidiarity principio di sussidiarietà Subsidiaritätsprinzip Grundsatz der Verhältnismäßigkeit principle of proportionality principio di proporzionalità Grundsatz der Vergemeinschaftung principle of communitisation principio di comunitarizzazione competence of the Member States competenza degli Stati membri Zuständigkeit der Mitgliedstaaten gemeinsame Zuständigkeit joint competence competenza mista externe Zuständigkeit EG EC external competence competenza esterna CE Gemeinschaftskontrolle Community control controllo comunitario Gemeinschaftsrecht-nationales Recht Community law - national law diritto comunitario-diritto nazionale unmittelbare Anwendbarkeit direct applicability applicabilità diretta precedence of Community law primato del diritto comunitario Vorrang des Gemeinschaftsrechts Grundsatz der gegenseitigen Anerkennung mutual recognition principle principio di reciproco riconoscimento Haftung des Staates liability of the State responsabilità dello Stato metodo aperto di coordinamento [V4.2] offene Koordinierungsmethode [V4.2] open method of coordination [V4.2] EG-Vertrag EC Treaty trattato CE Protokoll EG EC Protocol protocollo CE Merger Treaty trattato di fusione Fusionsvertrag Einheitliche Europäische Akte Single European Act Atto unico europeo Beitrittsvertrag EG EC Accession Treaty trattato di adesione CE Vertrag zur Gründung einer Europäischen Union Treaty on European Union trattato sull'Unione europea Vertrag von Amsterdam Treaty of Amsterdam trattato di Amsterdam EU Accession Treaty trattato di adesione UE EU-Beitrittsvertrag Vertrag von Nizza Treaty of Nice trattato di Nizza EGKS-Vertrag ECSC Treaty trattato CECA trattato CEE EWG-Vertrag EEC Treaty EAG-Vertrag EAEC Treaty trattato CEEA revision of the EC Treaty revisione del trattato CE Vertragsänderung EG Rechtsakt der Gemeinschaft Community act atto comunitario Entscheidung der Gemeinschaft Community decision decisione comunitaria Entscheidung EAG EAEC Decision decisione CEEA ECSC individual Decision decisione individuale CECA individuelle Entscheidung EGKS Entscheidung EG EC Decision decisione CE Community directive direttiva comunitaria Richtlinie der Gemeinschaft Empfehlung EGKS ECSC recommendation raccomandazione CECA EC Directive direttiva CE Richtlinie EG Richtlinie EAG EAEC Directive direttiva CEEA Empfehlung der Gemeinschaft Community recommendation raccomandazione comunitaria Empfehlung EAG EAEC recommendation raccomandazione CEEA EC recommendation raccomandazione CE Empfehlung EG Verordnung EG Community regulation regolamento comunitario allgemeine Entscheidung EGKS ECSC general Decision decisione generale CECA EAEC Regulation regolamento CEEA Verordnung EAG Verordnung der Gemeinschaft EC Regulation regolamento CE Durchführungsverordnung implementing Regulation regolamento d'applicazione Entschließung der Gemeinschaft Community resolution risoluzione comunitaria Entschließung EP EP resolution risoluzione PE Resolution of the Council of the European Union risoluzione del Consiglio dell'Unione europea Entschließung des Rats der Europäischen Union Entschließung des Europäischen Rates resolution of the European Council risoluzione del Consiglio europeo Stellungnahme EG oder EAG Community opinion parere comunitario Stellungnahme EAG EAEC opinion parere CEEA ECSC opinion parere CECA Stellungnahme EGKS Stellungnahme des Gerichtshofs EG opinion of the EC Court of Justice parere della Corte di giustizia CE Stellungnahme EG EC opinion parere CE Stellungnahme EP EP opinion parere PE zustimmende Stellungnahme PE EP assent parere conforme del PE Stellungnahme WSA ESC opinion parere CES Stellungnahme Europäischer Rechnungshof opinion of the Court of Auditors parere della Corte dei conti europäisches Einigungswerk European construction costruzione europea Beziehungen der Union EU relations relazioni dell'Unione europea Abkommen mit der EG EC agreement accordo CE Assoziationsabkommen EG EC association agreement accordo di associazione CE Abkommen AKP-EG ACP-EC Convention convenzione ACP-CE Abkommen von Arusha Arusha Convention convenzione di Arusha Lomé Convention convenzione di Lomé Abkommen von Lomé Abkommen von Lomé I first Lomé Convention convenzione di Lomé I second Lomé Convention convenzione di Lomé II Abkommen von Lomé II Abkommen von Lomé III third Lomé Convention convenzione di Lomé III Stabex Stabex Stabex Sysmin Sysmin Sysmin Abkommen von Lomé IV fourth Lomé Convention convenzione di Lomé IV Abkommen von Jaunde Yaoundé Convention convenzione di Yaoundé European Association Agreement accordo europeo d'associazione europäisches Assoziierungsabkommen Europäischer Wirtschaftsraum European Economic Area Spazio economico europeo EC trade agreement accordo commerciale CE EG-Handelsabkommen EG-Kooperationsabkommen EC cooperation agreement accordo di cooperazione CE vorläufiges EG-Abkommen EC interim agreement accordo provvisorio CE gemischtes Abkommen mixed agreement accordo misto Aushandlung eines EG-Abkommens negotiation of an EC agreement negoziato d'accordo CE EC joint body organo misto CE gemischtes EG-Gremium Assoziationsrat EG EC Association Council consiglio d'associazione CE ACP-EC institution istituzione ACP-CE AKP-EG-Institution Ministerrat AKP-EG ACP-EC Council of Ministers Consiglio dei ministri ACP-CE ACP-EC Committee of Ambassadors comitato degli ambasciatori ACP-CE Botschafterausschuss AKP-EG Paritätischer Ausschuss AKP-EG ACP-EC Joint Committee comitato paritetico ACP-CE Paritätische Versammlung AKP-EG ACP-EC Joint Assembly assemblea paritetica ACP-CE EWR-Institution EEA joint institution istituzione comune SEE Gemeinsamer EWR-Ausschuss EEA Joint Committee Comitato congiunto SEE EEA Joint Consultative Committee Comitato consultivo congiunto SEE Gemeinsamer beratender EWR-Ausschuss Gemeinsamer parlamentarischer EWR-Ausschuss EEA joint parliamentary committee Comitato parlamentare congiunto SEE EWR-Rat EEA Council Consiglio del SEE internationale Rolle der Union the EU's international role ruolo internazionale dell'Unione europea Übereinkommen von Cotonou [V4.2] Cotonou Agreement [V4.2] accordo di Cotonou [V4.2] Europäische Nachbarschaftspolitik [V4.2] European neighbourhood policy [V4.2] politica europea di vicinato [V4.2] enlargement of the Union allargamento dell'Unione europea Erweiterung der Europäischen Union Beitritt zur Europäischen Union accession to the European Union adesione all'Unione europea Beitrittskriterien accession criteria criterio di adesione accession negotiations negoziato di adesione Betrittsverhandlungen Strategie der Beitrittsvorbereitung pre-accession strategy strategia di preadesione EC transitional period periodo di transizione CE Übergangszeit EG Mitgliedschaft in der Europäischen Union European Union membership appartenenza all'Unione europea Opt-out-Klausel opt-out clause clausola d'esenzione Europäische Union European Union Unione europea Europäische Gemeinschaften European Communities Comunità europee EGKS ECSC CECA European Community Comunità europea Europäische Gemeinschaft EAG EAEC CEEA Economic and Monetary Union Unione economica e monetaria Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion Zeitplan der WWU timetable for EMU calendario dell'UEM zweite Phase der WWU second stage of EMU seconda fase dell'UEM first stage of EMU prima fase dell'UEM erste Phase der WWU dritte Phase der WWU third stage of EMU terza fase dell'UEM coordination of EMU policies coordinamento delle politiche UEM Koordinierung der WWU-Politiken multilaterale Überwachung multilateral surveillance sorveglianza multilaterale stability pact patto di stabilità Stabilitätspakt einheitliche Wechselkurspolitik single exchange-rate policy politica unica dei cambi einheitliche Währungspolitik single monetary policy politica monetaria unica Europäische Politische Union European Political Union Unione politica europea europäische Staatsbürgerschaft European citizenship cittadinanza europea Inanspruchnahme des Bürgerbeauftragten EG appeal to the EC Ombudsman ricorso al mediatore CE EC intergovernmental cooperation cooperazione intergovernativa UE zwischenstaatliche Zusammenarbeit EU gemeinschaftliche Position joint position posizione comune joint action azione comune gemeinsames Handeln Europäische Politische Zusammenarbeit European political cooperation cooperazione politica europea GASP CFSP PESC Hoher Vertreter für die GASP High Representative for the CFSP alto rappresentante per la PESC common defence policy politica comune di difesa Gemeinsame Verteidigungspolitik Zusammenarbeit in inneren Angelegenheiten cooperation in home affairs cooperazione nelle questioni interne polizeiliche Zusammenarbeit EU EU police cooperation cooperazione di polizia UE Europol Europol Europol European Police College [V4.2] Accademia europea di polizia [V4.2] Europäische Polizeiakademie [V4.2] Zusammenarbeit der Justizbehörden in der EU EU judicial cooperation cooperazione giudiziaria UE Eurojust Eurojust Eurojust European arrest warrant mandato di cattura europeo europäischer Haftbefehl Organ für Zusammenarbeit EU EU cooperation body organo di cooperazione UE GAI JI JHA Rahmenbeschluss framework decision decisione quadro verstärkte Zusammenarbeit closer cooperation cooperazione rafforzata Vertiefung der Europäischen Union deepening of the European Union approfondimento dell'Unione europea innergemeinschaftliche Beziehungen intra-Community relations relazioni intracomunitarie zwischenstaatliches EG-Abkommen EC Intergovernmental Convention convenzione intergovernativa CE single market mercato unico Binnenmarkt EU Lage EG EC situation situazione dell'Unione europea Besitzstand der Gemeinschaft Community acquis acquis comunitario Tätigkeit der Gemeinschaft Community activity attività comunitaria Gemeinschaftspolitik Community policy politica comunitaria Gemeinschaftspolitik/nationale Politik Community policy-national policy politica comunitaria-politica nazionale Community action azione comunitaria EG-Aktion Gemeinschaftsprogramm Community programme programma comunitario Community initiative iniziativa comunitaria EG-Initiative Initiative für das Wachstum in Europa European growth initiative iniziativa di crescita europea Vorhaben von gemeinschaftlichem Interesse project of Community interest progetto d'interesse comunitario EG-Gemeinnützigkeitserklärung declaration of Community interest dichiarazione d'interesse comunitario Sponsoring der Gemeinschaft Community sponsorship patrocinio comunitario wirtschaftlicher und sozialer Zusammenhalt economic and social cohesion coesione economica e sociale transeuropäisches Netz trans-European network rete transeuropea Europa der Bürger citizens' Europe Europa dei cittadini Grundrechtscharta der Europäischen Union EU Charter of Fundamental Rights Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell'Unione europea European Constitution Costituzione europea Europäische Verfassung Finanzen der Gemeinschaft Community finance finanze comunitarie gemeinschaftliche Finanzierung Community financing finanziamento comunitario Finanzinstrument der Gemeinschaft Community financial instrument strumento finanziario comunitario Gemeinschaftsanleihe Community borrowing assunzione di prestiti comunitari EC fund fondo CE Fonds EG EAGFL EAGGF FEAOG EAGFL-Garantie EAGGF Guarantee Section FEAOG garanzia Structural Funds Fondo strutturale Strukturfonds EAGFL-Ausrichtung EAGGF Guidance Section FEAOG orientamento ERDF FESR EFRE ESF ESF FSE Kohäsionsfonds Cohesion Fund fondo di coesione FIAP FIFG SFOP ISPA ISPA SSPA neues Gemeinschaftsinstrument New Community Instrument Nuovo strumento comunitario Gemeinschaftsdarlehen Community loan erogazione di prestiti comunitari EIB-Darlehen EIB loan prestito BEI ECSC loan prestito CECA EGKS-Darlehen Euratom-Darlehen Euratom loan prestito Euratom coordination of financing coordinamento dei finanziamenti Koordinierung der Finanzierungen System zur Finanzierung der Gemeinschaft Community financing arrangements regime del finanziamento comunitario zusätzlicher Charakter der Beihilfe principle of additionality principio di addizionalità Interventionssatz financing level tasso d'intervento eligibility criteria criterio di ammissibilità Förderkriterium Aufschlüsselung der Gemeinschaftsfinanzierung distribution of Community funding ripartizione del finanziamento comunitario financing of the Community budget finanziamento del bilancio comunitario Finanzierung des Gemeinschaftshaushalts Gemeinschaftsteuer Community tax imposta comunitaria ECSC levy prelievo CECA EGKS-Umlage Beitrag der Mitgliedstaaten Member State's contribution contributo degli Stati membri Nettobegünstigter net recipient beneficiario netto net contributor contribuente netto Nettozahler eigene Mittel own resources risorse proprie Zuckerabgabe sugar levy contributo zucchero agricultural levy prelievo agricolo Agrarabschöpfung Zollsatz des GZT CCT duties dazio della TDC BSP-bezogene Einnahmequelle GNP contribution contribuzione PNL Steueraufkommen aus Mehrwertsteuer VAT resource risorsa IVA Haushaltsplan der Gemeinschaft Community budget bilancio comunitario Funktionshaushaltsplan EGKS ECSC operating budget bilancio operativo della CECA EC general budget bilancio generale CE Gesamthaushaltsplan EG EG-Ausgabe Community expenditure spesa comunitaria nichtobligatorische Ausgabe non-compulsory expenditure spese non obbligatorie compulsory expenditure spese obbligatorie obligatorische Ausgabe EG-Verwaltungsausgabe EC administrative expenditure spesa di funzionamento CE operationelle EG-Ausgabe EC operational expenditure spesa operativa CE Agrarausgabe agricultural expenditure spesa agricola EC research expenditure spesa di ricerca CE EG-Forschungsausgabe Strukturausgabe structural expenditure spesa strutturale Aufstellung des EG-Haushaltsplans drawing up of the Community budget elaborazione del bilancio comunitario EG-Haushaltsvorentwurf preliminary draft EC budget progetto preliminare di bilancio CE EC budgetary discipline disciplina di bilancio CE EG-Haushaltsdisziplin Finanzielle Vorausschau financial perspectives prospettive finanziarie Anpassung der Finanziellen Vorausschau adaptation of financial perspectives adattamento delle prospettive finanziarie revision of financial perspectives revisione delle prospettive finanziarie Änderung der Finanziellen Vorausschau EC budgetary reserve riserva di bilancio CE EG-Haushaltsrücklage Haushaltsstabilisator budgetary stabiliser stabilizzatore di bilancio Entwurf des EG-Haushaltsplans draft EC budget progetto di bilancio CE LAW DIRITTO RECHT Rechtsquellen und Rechtsdisziplinen sources and branches of the law fonti e branche del diritto Rechtswissenschaft legal science scienze giuridiche Verfassungsrecht constitutional law diritto costituzionale private law diritto privato Privatrecht öffentliches Recht public law diritto pubblico Auslegung des Rechts interpretation of the law interpretazione del diritto Rechtsvergleichung comparative law diritto comparato Rechtsphilosophie philosophy of law filosofia del diritto storia del diritto Rechtsgeschichte history of law religiöses Recht internal law of religions diritto proprio delle religioni buddhistisches Recht Buddhist law diritto buddistico canon law diritto canonico kanonisches Recht protestantisches Kirchenrecht protestant church law diritto ecclesiastico protestante hebräisches Recht Hebrew law diritto ebraico hinduistisches Recht Hindu law diritto induista muslimisches Recht Islamic law diritto musulmano Roman law diritto romano Römisches Recht juristische Methodologie legal methodology metodologia giuridica Rechtssoziologie sociology of law sociologia del diritto Naturrecht natural law diritto naturale source of law fonte del diritto Rechtsquelle Verfassung constitution costituzione Kontrolle der Verfassungsmäßigkeit control of constitutionality verifica di costituzionalità constitutional revision revisione della costituzione Verfassungsänderung legal doctrine dottrina giuridica Rechtslehre Gewohnheitsrecht customary law diritto consuetudinario Rechtsprechung case-law giurisprudenza Gesetzgebung legislation legislazione nationales Recht national law diritto nazionale law legge Gesetz Rahmengesetz outline law legge quadro application of legislation applicazione della legge Anwendung des Gesetzes Vorrang des Rechts primacy of the law primato del diritto rückwirkende Kraft des Gesetzes retroactivity of a law retroattività della legge Organisationsgesetz organic law legge organica harmonisierender Rechtsakt harmonisation law legge di armonizzazione Ordonnance ordinance ordinanza Verordnung regulation regolamento Entscheidung decision decisione decree decreto Dekret Richtlinie directive direttiva Verwaltungsverordnung administrative order provvedimento amministrativo lokale Gesetzgebung local legislation legislazione locale Landesrecht regional law diritto regionale diritto acquisito erworbener Anspruch established right allgemeiner Rechtsgrundsatz general legal principle principio generale del diritto codice giuridico Gesetzbuch legal code Zivilgesetzbuch civil code codice civile penal code codice penale Strafgesetzbuch Verwaltungsregeln administrative code codice amministrativo Vereinfachung der Rechtsvorschriften simplification of legislation semplificazione legislativa self-regulation autoregolamentazione Selbstkontrolle auf freiwilliger Basis civil law diritto civile Bürgerliches Recht Bürgerliches Recht civil law diritto civile Rechtsmissbrauch misuse of a right abuso di diritto contract contratto Vertrag des bürgerlichen Rechts Sicherheit guarantee garanzia Zahlungsfähigkeit financial solvency solvibilità finanziaria mortgage ipoteca Hypothek Vollmacht power of attorney mandato Kündigung eines Vertrags termination of a contract risoluzione di contratto Vertragsklausel contract terms clausola contrattuale Missbrauchsklausel unfair terms of contract clausola abusiva arbitration clause clausola compromissoria Schiedsklausel Amtsmissbrauch abuse of power abuso di potere Haftung liability responsabilità Schaden damage danno damages danni e interessi Schadenersatz Entschädigung indemnification indennizzo Herstellerhaftung producer's liability responsabilità del produttore zivilrechtliche Haftung civil liability responsabilità civile vertragliche Haftung contractual liability responsabilità contrattuale Rechtsstellung legal status statuto giuridico Personenstand civil status stato civile Standesamtsregister civil register registro di stato civile legal person persona giuridica juristische Person natürliche Person natural person persona fisica Genuss der Rechte enjoyment of rights godimento dei diritti gesetzlicher Wohnsitz legal domicile domicilio Rechts- und Geschäftsfähigkeit legal capacity capacità giuridica Volljährigkeit age of majority maggiore età civile infancy minore età civile Minderjährigkeit Handlungsfähigkeit capacity to exercise rights capacità di agire Geschäftsfähigkeit capacity to contract capacità contrattuale Rechtsfähigkeit capacity to have rights and obligations capacità di godimento statuto giuridico europeo europäischer Rechtsstatus European legal status Schuldrecht law of obligations diritti di obbligazioni Schuldforderung claim credito legale debt debito Geldschuld ownership proprietà patrimoniale Eigentum an Gütern Miteigentum joint ownership comproprietà right of pre-emption diritto di prelazione Vorkaufsrecht Enteignung expropriation espropriazione Verstaatlichung nationalisation nazionalizzazione Eigentumsteilung division of property divisione della proprietà öffentliches Eigentum public property proprietà pubblica proprietà fondiaria Grundeigentum land and buildings Kataster land register catasto Eigentum an unbeweglichen Sachen real property proprietà immobiliare personal property proprietà mobiliare Eigentum an beweglichen Sachen Privateigentum private property proprietà privata Privatisierung privatisation privatizzazione Erbrecht law of succession diritto successorio Mehrfacheigentum time-sharing multiproprietà servitù Grunddienstbarkeiten easement Eigentumsübertragung transfer of property trasferimento della proprietà Schenkung gift donazione inheritance eredità Erbschaft usufruct usufrutto Nießbrauch Eigentumserwerb acquisition of property acquisto della proprietà Strafrecht criminal law diritto penale Strafrecht criminal law diritto penale internationales Strafrecht international criminal law diritto penale internazionale Ausweisung deportation espulsione extradition estradizione Auslieferung military criminal law diritto penale militare Militärstrafrecht offence reato strafbare Handlung Korruption corruption corruzione economic offence reato economico Wirtschaftsstraftat Steuerstraftat tax offence reato tributario Steuerhinterziehung tax evasion frode fiscale insider trading aggiotaggio Insidergeschäft Drogenhandel drug traffic traffico di stupefacenti Verbrechen gegen Personen crime against individuals delitto contro la persona Tötung homicide omicidio illegal restraint sequestro di persona Freiheitsberaubung Verleumdung defamation diffamazione Angriff auf Leib und Leben physical aggression aggressione fisica Sexualdelikt sexual offence delitto sessuale sexuelle Gewalt sexual violence violenza sessuale sexual harassment molestia sessuale sexuelle Belästigung Pädophilie paedophilia pedofilia Sextourismus sexual tourism turismo sessuale Menschenhandel trafficking in persons traffico di persone molestie morali Psychoterror psychological harassment Vermögensdelikte crime against property delitto contro i beni Veruntreuung breach of trust abuso di fiducia fraud frode Betrug Seeräuberei piracy pirateria Diebstahl theft furto Gefährdung der Staatssicherheit threat to national security attentato contro la sicurezza dello Stato delitto contro l'ambiente Umweltdelikt environmental offence fahrlässige Straftat unintentional crime delitto preterintenzionale traffic offence [V4.2] infrazione al codice della strada [V4.2] Verstoß gegen die Straßenverkehrsordnung [V4.2] strafrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit criminal liability responsabilità penale Opfer victim vittima Opferhilfe help for victims aiuto alle vittime repentance pentito Kronzeuge erschwerender Tatumstand aggravating circumstances circostanza aggravante mildernder Umstand mitigating circumstances circostanza attenuante Notwehr self-defence legittima difesa Straflosigkeit impunity impunità strafrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit von Minderjährigen criminal responsibility of minors responsabilità penale dei minori Strafmaßnahme penalty sanzione penale Geldstrafe fine ammenda Zwangsstrafe periodic penalty payment penalità di mora death penalty pena di morte Todesstrafe Aberkennung von Rechten deprivation of rights privazione di diritti Freiheitsbeschränkung restriction of liberty restrizione di libertà Inhaftierung imprisonment carcerazione Ersatzstrafe alternative sentence sanzione sostitutiva semilibertà offener Strafvollzug conditional discharge Beschlagnahme confiscation of property confisca di beni criminal record casellario giudiziale Strafregister Vollziehung der Strafe carrying out of sentence esecuzione della pena Strafvollstreckungsverjährung barring of penalties by limitation prescrizione della pena reduction of sentence alleggerimento della pena Strafminderung bedingte Haftentlassung release on licence libertà condizionale Strafaussetzung suspension of sentence sospensione di pena Strafvollzugsrecht law relating to prisons diritto penitenziario Justizvollzugsanstalt penal institution stabilimento penitenziario Erziehungsanstalt für straffällige Jugendliche youth detention centre istituto di correzione per minori penitentiary staff personale carcerario Strafvollzugspersonal Häftling prisoner detenuto Häftlingsarbeit prisoner work lavoro del detenuto Häftlingsverlegung transfer of prisoners trasferimento di detenuti Haftordnung prison system regime penitenziario Verwaltung einer Justizvollzugsanstalt prison administration amministrazione penitenziaria Gerichtswesen justice giustizia Urteil ruling giudizio Urteilsvollstreckung enforcement of ruling esecuzione della sentenza Pfändung seizure of goods sequestro di beni expulsion from housing sfratto Ausweisung aus einer Wohnung legal expenses spese processuali Gerichtskosten Justizirrtum miscarriage of justice errore giudiziario Rechtsmittel appeal mezzi di ricorso judicial proceedings procedura giudiziaria Gerichtsverfahren Zivilprozess civil procedure procedura civile criminal procedure procedura penale Strafverfahren Verfahren vor dem Untersuchungsrichter judicial investigation istruzione giudiziaria gerichtliche Verfolgung legal process procedimento giudiziario arrest arresto Festnahme gerichtliche Untersuchung judicial inquiry inchiesta giudiziaria Durchsuchung search perquisizione Untersuchungshaft detention before trial detenzione preventiva Anklage charge accusa fermo di polizia Polizeigewahrsam surveillance Zulässigkeit des Verfahrens admissibility ricevibilità Verfolgungsverjährung limitation of legal proceedings prescrizione dell'azione interest in bringing an action interesse ad agire Rechtsschutzinteresse öffentliches Interesse collective interest interesse collettivo gerichtliche Anhörung legal hearing udienza giudiziaria Zeugenaussage evidence testimonianza expert's report ordered by a court perizia giudiziaria gerichtlich angeordnetes Gutachten Rechte der Verteidigung rights of the defence diritti della difesa Rechtsbeweis proof prova procedura speciale Sonderverfahren special procedure einstweilige Verfügung summary procedure procedura per direttissima preliminary issue domanda pregiudiziale Vorfrage Streitschlichtung arbitration arbitraggio backlog of court cases arretrato giudiziario Rückstand der Gerichte gerichtliche Anordnung injunction ingiunzione Normenkontrolle [V4.2] judicial review [V4.2] sindacato giurisdizionale [V4.2] Klage vor Gericht legal action azione giudiziaria zivilrechtliche Klage civil proceedings azione dinanzi a giurisdizione civile Haftungsklage civil liability proceedings azione per accertamento della responsabilità criminal proceedings azione dinanzi a giurisdizione penale Strafrechtsklage Zivilklage associated action for damages azione civile public prosecution azione pubblica Strafverfolgung Klage vor dem Verwaltungsgericht action brought before an administrative court ricorso contenzioso amministrativo Anfechtungsklage action for annulment ricorso per annullamento action to establish liability on the part of an administration ricorso per accertamento di responsabilità amministrativa Amtshaftungsklage Klage in EG-Streitsachen action brought before the EC Court of Justice ricorso contenzioso comunitario Untätigkeitsklage action for failure to act ricorso per carenza action for failure to fulfil an obligation ricorso per inadempienza Klage wegen Vertragsverletzung EG-Amtshaftungsklage EC action to establish liability ricorso per accertamento di responsabilità CE Verwaltungsbeschwerde der Bediensteten action by staff ricorso del personale Vorlage zur Vorabentscheidung EG reference to the EC Court of Justice for a preliminary ruling domanda pregiudiziale CE Klage von Einzelpersonen appeals by private individuals ricorso di privati ricorso per annullamento CE EG-Nichtigkeitsklage action for annulment of an EC decision Zugang zur Rechtspflege access to the courts accesso alla giustizia Prozesskostenhilfe legal aid patrocinio gratuito right of action diritto di agire in giudizio Aktivlegitimation bürgernahe Justiz local access to the law giustizia di prossimità Gerichtsverfassung organisation of the legal system organizzazione della giustizia Organ der Rechtspflege legal profession professioni giudiziarie Richter/Staatsanwalt magistrate magistrato Richter judge giudice public prosecutor's department pubblico ministero Staatsanwaltschaft public legal official pubblico ufficiale Urkundsbeamter Gerichtsvollzieher bailiff ufficiale giudiziario notary notaio Notar Rechtsbeistand legal adviser consigliere giuridico Kriminalpolizei criminal investigation department polizia giudiziaria Laienrichter lay magistrate magistrato non professionale Rechtsanwalt barrister avvocato legal system sistema giudiziario Gerichtsverfassung gerichtliche Zuständigkeit jurisdiction competenza giurisdizionale sachliche Zuständigkeit jurisdiction ratione materiae competenza per materia territorial jurisdiction competenza territoriale örtliche Zuständigkeit Kompetenzkonflikt conflict of jurisdiction conflitto di giurisdizioni extraterritoriale Gerichtsbarkeit extraterritorial jurisdiction competenza extraterritoriale administrative court giurisdizione amministrativa Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit Sondergerichte court having special jurisdiction giurisdizione d'eccezione ordentliche Gerichtsbarkeit ordinary court of law giurisdizione giudiziaria Zivilgerichtsbarkeit court of civil jurisdiction giurisdizione civile military court giurisdizione militare Militärgerichtsbarkeit Strafgerichtsbarkeit criminal court giurisdizione penale Jugendgerichtsbarkeit juvenile court giurisdizione minorile Sozialgerichtsbarkeit social court giurisdizione sociale Handelsgerichtsbarkeit commercial court giurisdizione commerciale giurisdizione del lavoro Arbeitsgerichtsbarkeit labour tribunal Seerechtszuständigkeit maritime court giurisdizione marittima Justizreform judicial reform riforma giudiziaria Gerichtsbarkeit courts and tribunals giurisdizione letztinstanzliche Gerichtsbarkeit higher court giurisdizione di grado superiore court of arbitration giurisdizione arbitrale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit internationale Gerichtsbarkeit international court giurisdizione internazionale Finanzgerichtsbarkeit fiscal court giurisdizione tributaria giurisdizione costituzionale Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit constitutional court Aufhebung repeal abrogazione independence of the judiciary indipendenza della giustizia Unabhängigkeit der Justiz Internationales Recht international law diritto internazionale internationales Recht international law diritto internazionale internationales Recht/innerstaatliches Recht international law - national law diritto internazionale-diritto interno private international law diritto internazionale privato internationales Privatrecht Ausweis identity document documento d'identità Reisepass passport passaporto European passport passaporto europeo europäischer Reisepass rights of aliens diritto degli stranieri Ausländerrecht ausländischer Staatsangehöriger foreign national cittadino straniero residence permit diritto di soggiorno Aufenthaltsrecht Einreise von Ausländern admission of aliens ammissione di stranieri politisches Asyl political asylum asilo politico Asylrecht right of asylum diritto d'asilo visa policy politica dei visti Visumpolitik Staatsangehörigkeit nationality nazionalità doppelte Staatsangehörigkeit dual nationality doppia nazionalità naturalisation naturalizzazione Einbürgerung Staatenloser stateless person apolide Staatsangehörigkeit einer juristischen Person nationality of legal persons nazionalità di persona giuridica Staatsangehöriger national cittadino Bürger der Gemeinschaft Community national cittadino della Comunità matrimonio misto Mischehe mixed marriage Scheinehe marriage of convenience matrimonio di comodo Völkerrecht public international law diritto internazionale pubblico Luftrecht air law diritto aeronautico Luftraum air space spazio aereo freedom of the skies libertà aerea Lufthoheit law of outer space diritto dello spazio Weltraumrecht Weltraum extra-atmospheric space spazio extra-atmosferico space property right proprietà dello spazio Besitz im Weltraum Nutzung des Weltraums use of outer space utilizzazione dello spazio Seerecht law of the sea diritto del mare Hoheitsgewässer territorial waters acque territoriali freedom of navigation libertà di navigazione Freiheit der Schifffahrt maritimer Raum maritime area spazio marittimo Meerenge strait stretto Community waters acque comunitarie Gemeinschaftsgewässer Binnengewässer inland waters acque interne internationale Gewässer international waters acque marittime Golf gulf golfo Überwachung der Meere maritime surveillance sorveglianza marittima Freiheit der Meere freedom of the seas libertà dei mari ausschließliche Wirtschaftszone exclusive economic zone zona economica esclusiva zona contigua Anschlusszone contiguous zone Archipel archipelago arcipelago Recht der Staaten law of nations diritto degli Stati Hoheitsrecht territorial law diritto territoriale Exterritorialität extra-territoriality extraterritorialità frontier frontiera Grenze abhängiges Gebiet dependent territory territorio non autonomo Binnengrenze EG internal Community frontier frontiera intracomunitaria Außengrenze der Europäischen Union external frontier of the European Union frontiera esterna dell'Unione europea freier Personenverkehr free movement of persons libera circolazione delle persone Schengener Abkommen Schengen Agreement accordo di Schengen Schengen-Informationssystem Schengen Information System sistema di informazione Schengen responsabilità internazionale völkerrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit international responsibility Staatssouveränität national sovereignty sovranità nazionale supranationality sopranazionalità Überstaatlichkeit internationales Wirtschaftsrecht international economic law diritto internazionale economico internationales Handelsrecht international trade law diritto commerciale internazionale internationales Arbeitsrecht international labour law diritto internazionale del lavoro diritti e libertà Rechte und Freiheiten rights and freedoms Recht des Einzelnen rights of the individual diritto dell'individuo Rechte der Frau women's rights diritti della donna slavery schiavitù Sklaverei Meinungsfreiheit freedom of opinion libertà d'opinione Religionsfreiheit freedom of religious beliefs libertà di religione Recht auf Selbstbestimmung freedom of self-determination libertà di disporre di se stessi Euthanasie euthanasia eutanasia Schutz der Privatsphäre protection of privacy protezione della vita privata Unverletzlichkeit der Wohnung breach of domicile inviolabilità del domicilio protection of communications protezione delle comunicazioni Brief-, Post- und Fernmeldegeheimnis libertà di circolazione Freizügigkeit freedom of movement sexuelle Freiheit sexual freedom libertà sessuale children's rights diritti del bambino Rechte des Kindes grausame und erniedrigende Behandlung cruel and degrading treatment trattamento crudele e degradante Recht auf körperliche Unversehrtheit right to physical integrity diritto all'integrità fisica human rights diritti umani Menschenrechte internationales humanitäres Recht international human rights law diritto umanitario internazionale Kriegsverbrechen war crime crimine di guerra crime against humanity crimine contro l'umanità Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit protection of freedoms protezione delle libertà Schutz der Grundrechte Charta der Menschenrechte charter on human rights Carta dei diritti dell'uomo Afrikanische Charta der Menschenrechte und Rechte der Völker African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights Carta africana dei diritti dell'uomo e dei popoli soziale Rechte social rights diritti sociali Recht auf Bildung right to education diritto all'istruzione right to information diritto all'informazione Informationsfreiheit Recht auf Kultur right to culture diritto alla cultura Anspruch auf rechtliches Gehör right to justice diritto alla giustizia Gleichbehandlung equal treatment parità di trattamento Gleichheit vor dem Gesetz equality before the law eguaglianza davanti alla legge libertà sindacale Freiheit des gewerkschaftlichen Zusammenschlusses trade union freedom Gleichheit von Mann und Frau equality between men and women eguaglianza uomo-donna academic freedom libertà di insegnamento Freiheit der Lehre Recht auf Gesundheit right to health diritto alla salute Recht auf eine Wohnung right to housing diritto all'alloggio politische Grundrechte political rights diritti politici Demonstrationsrecht right to demonstrate diritto di manifestare civil rights diritti civici staatsbürgerliche Rechte aktives Wahlrecht right to vote diritto di voto right to stand for election eleggibilità passives Wahlrecht Vereinigungsfreiheit freedom of association libertà d'associazione Redefreiheit freedom of expression libertà d'espressione Recht der freien Meinungsäußerung freedom of communication libertà d'informazione Pressefreiheit freedom of the press libertà di stampa Versammlungsfreiheit freedom of assembly libertà di riunione wirtschaftliche Rechte economic rights diritti economici Recht auf Arbeit right to work diritto al lavoro freedom of trade libertà del commercio Handelsfreiheit Recht auf wirtschaftliche Entfaltung right to development diritto al progresso Kampf gegen die Diskriminierung anti-discriminatory measure lotta contro la discriminazione sexuelle Diskriminierung sexual discrimination discriminazione sessuale economic discrimination discriminazione economica wirtschaftliche Diskriminierung sprachliche Diskriminierung linguistic discrimination discriminazione linguistica politische Diskriminierung political discrimination discriminazione politica Berufsverbot exclusion from public-sector employment divieto di esercizio della professione Rassendiskriminierung racial discrimination discriminazione razziale Rassenkonflikt racial conflict conflitto razziale anti-semitism antisemitismo Antisemitismus Apartheid apartheid apartheid Rassismus racism razzismo religiöse Diskriminierung religious discrimination discriminazione religiosa Glaubenskrieg religious conflict conflitto religioso protezione delle minoranze Minderheitenschutz protection of minorities Minderheitenrecht rights of minorities diritti delle minoranze national minority minoranza nazionale nationale Minderheit ethnische Diskriminierung ethnic discrimination discriminazione etnica xenophobia xenofobia Fremdenhass Diskriminierung aus Gründen der Staatsangehörigkeit discrimination on the basis of nationality discriminazione basata sulla nazionalità Diskriminierung aufgrund des Alters age discrimination discriminazione fondata sull'età Diskriminierung aufgrund der sexuellen Orientierung discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation discriminazione basata sulle tendenze sessuali sexuelle Minderheit sexual minority minoranza sessuale Diskriminierung aufgrund von Behinderung discrimination based on disability discriminazione basata su un handicap doveri del cittadino Bürgerpflichten citizen's duties WIRTSCHAFTSLEBEN ECONOMICS VITA ECONOMICA Wirtschaftspolitik economic policy politica economica wirtschaftliche Stützung economic support sostegno economico Beschäftigungsbeihilfe employment aid aiuto all'occupazione export aid aiuto all'esportazione Ausfuhrbeihilfe Investitionsbeihilfe investment aid aiuto agli investimenti Modernisierungsbeihilfe modernisation aid aiuto per l'ammodernamento Produktionsbeihilfe production aid aiuto alla produzione Unternehmensbeihilfe aid to undertakings aiuto alle imprese aiuto comunitario Gemeinschaftsbeihilfe Community aid EGKS-Beihilfe ECSC aid aiuto CECA staatliche Beihilfe State aid aiuto di Stato regional aid aiuto regionale regionale Beihilfe sektorale Beihilfe sectoral aid aiuto settoriale Umstellungsbeihilfe redevelopment aid aiuto alla riconversione Umstrukturierungsbeihilfe aid for restructuring aiuto alla ristrutturazione Absatzbeihilfe sales aid aiuto allo smaltimento aiuto all'industria Industriebeihilfe aid to industry economic planning pianificazione economica Wirtschaftsplanung Entwicklungsplan development plan piano di sviluppo national planning pianificazione nazionale staatliche Planung regionale Planung regional planning pianificazione regionale sektorielle Planung sectoral planning pianificazione settoriale Wirtschaftspolitik economic policy politica economica wirtschaftliche Konvergenz economic convergence convergenza economica Konvergenzkriterium convergence criteria criterio di convergenza deflation deflazione Deflation Aufhebung wirtschaftlicher Reglementierungen deregulation deregolamentazione Mittelgewährung allocation of resources distribuzione delle risorse wirtschaftliche Integration economic integration integrazione economica Globalisierung globalisation globalizzazione industrial integration integrazione industriale industrielle Integration Konjunkturpolitik short-term economic policy politica congiunturale Antikrisenplan anti-crisis plan piano anticrisi politica di austerità Sparpolitik austerity policy Interventionspolitik intervention policy politica d'intervento Stützungspolitik support policy politica di sostegno development policy politica di sviluppo Entwicklungspolitik wirtschaftliche Priorität economic priority priorità economica sustainable development sviluppo sostenibile dauerhafte Entwicklung Einkommenspolitik incomes policy politica dei redditi Einkommensgarantie guaranteed income garanzia di reddito income stabilisation stabilizzazione dei redditi Stabilisierung der Einkommen Strukturpolitik structural policy politica strutturale wirtschaftliche Infrastruktur economic infrastructure infrastruttura economica structural adjustment adeguamento strutturale Strukturanpassung Protektionismus protectionism protezionismo Umstellung der Wirtschaft economic conversion conversione economica rilancio economico Ankurbelung der Wirtschaft reflation Wirtschaftsliberalismus economic liberalism liberismo economico economic growth crescita economica Wirtschaftswachstum Wirtschaftsverhältnisse economic conditions condizione economica Lebenshaltungskosten cost of living costo della vita economic interdependence interdipendenza economica wirtschaftliche Verflechtung wirtschaftliche Ressourcen economic resources risorsa economica Wirtschaftslage economic situation situazione economica Konjunktur short-term economic prospects congiuntura economica Wirtschaftstätigkeit economic activity attività economica economic cycle ciclo economico Konjunkturzyklus Konjunkturwelle cyclical fluctuation fluttuazione congiunturale economic fluctuation fluttuazione economica Wirtschaftsschwankung Änderung der Wirtschaftsstruktur structural fluctuation fluttuazione strutturale Inflation inflation inflazione Rezession economic recession recessione economica konjunkturelle Erholung economic recovery ripresa economica stabilizzazione economica Stabilisierung der Wirtschaft economic stabilisation Stagnation der Wirtschaft economic stagnation stagnazione economica wirtschaftliche Entwicklung economic development sviluppo economico Wirtschaftswachstum economic growth crescita economica economic take-off decollo economico Take-off der Wirtschaft integrierte Entwicklung integrated development sviluppo integrato wirtschaftliche Disparität economic disparity diseguaglianza economica Entwicklungsland developing countries paese in via di sviluppo Industrieland industrialised country paese industrializzato paese meno sviluppato weniger entwickeltes Land least-developed country Entwicklungspotenzial development potential potenziale di sviluppo economic reconstruction ricostruzione economica wirtschaftlicher Wiederaufbau Schwellenland newly industrialised country paese neoindustrializzato Gruppe der 77 Group of 77 Gruppo dei 77 Unterentwicklung underdevelopment sottosviluppo Entwicklungshindernis obstacle to development ostacolo allo sviluppo Wachstumsschwerpunkt growth point polo di crescita transizione economica wirtschaftliche Umstrukturierung economic transition Grundbedürfnisse basic needs bisogni fondamentali Wirtschaftsraum und Regionalpolitik regions and regional policy regione e politica regionale Regionalpolitik regional policy politica regionale regionale Entwicklung regional development sviluppo regionale regional disparity squilibrio regionale regionales Gefälle regionale Integration regional integration integrazione regionale ländliche Entwicklung rural development sviluppo rurale Regionalpolitik der Gemeinschaft Community regional policy politica regionale comunitaria integriertes Entwicklungsprogramm integrated development programme programma integrato di sviluppo IMP IMP PIM Community support framework quadro comunitario di sostegno gemeinschaftliches Förderkonzept operationelles Programm operational programme programma operativo förderungswürdige Region eligible region regione ammissibile Raumplanung town and country planning assetto territoriale rapporto regione-Unione europea Beziehungen zwischen den Regionen und der Europäischen Union region-EU relationship economic region regione economica Wirtschaftsraum Küstengebiet coastal region regione costiera development region regione di sviluppo Entwicklungsgebiet benachteiligtes Gebiet less-favoured region regione sfavorita Mezzogiorno Mezzogiorno Mezzogiorno Grenzgebiet frontier region regione di frontiera Industrieregion industrial region regione industriale Industriegebiet mit rückläufiger Wirtschaftsentwicklung declining industrial region regione industriale in declino wirtschaftliches Fördergebiet priority region regione prioritaria regione rurale ländliches Gebiet rural region landwirtschaftliches Gebiet agricultural region regione agricola mountain region regione montana Berggebiet touristisches Gebiet tourist region regione turistica peripheral region regione periferica Randgebiet Inselgebiet island region regione insulare vom Fischfang abhängiges Gebiet region dependent on fishing regione dipendente dalla pesca europäische Region European Region regione europea Mittelmeerraum EG EC Mediterranean region regione mediterranea CE Atlantic Arc Arco atlantico Atlantischer Bogen Rheintal Rhine Valley bacino del Reno Alpenraum Alpine Region regione alpina Wirtschaftsstruktur economic structure struttura economica Wirtschaft economy economia Gemeinwirtschaft collectivised economy economia collettiva war economy economia di guerra Kriegswirtschaft Subsistenzwirtschaft subsistence economy economia di sussistenza Hauswirtschaft housekeeping economy economia domestica Industriewirtschaft industrial economy economia industriale internationale Wirtschaft world economy economia internazionale economia nazionale Volkswirtschaft national economy postindustrielle Wirtschaft post-industrial economy economia postindustriale public economy economia pubblica öffentliche Wirtschaft regionale Wirtschaft regional economy economia regionale Untergrundwirtschaft underground economy economia sommersa Sozialwirtschaft social economy economia sociale wissensbasierte Wirtschaft [V4.2] knowledge economy [V4.2] economia della conoscenza [V4.2] economic system regime economico Wirtschaftsordnung konzertierte Wirtschaft concerted economic action economia concertata market economy economia di mercato Marktwirtschaft gelenkte Wirtschaft controlled economy economia dirigistica gemischtwirtschaftliches System mixed economy economia mista Planwirtschaft planned economy economia pianificata Gemeinsamer Markt common market mercato comune unione economica Wirtschaftsunion economic union Wirtschaftsreform economic reform riforma economica Wirtschaft in einer Übergangsphase transition economy economia in transizione Postkommunismus post-communism postcomunismo collectivism collettivismo Kollektivismus Wirtschaftsbereich economic sector settore economico primärer Sektor primary sector settore primario Agrarsektor farming sector settore agricolo quaternary sector settore quaternario quartärer Sektor sekundärer Sektor secondary sector settore secondario tertiärer Sektor tertiary sector settore terziario Nichtmarktsektor non-commercial sector settore non commerciale Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnungen national accounts contabilità nazionale volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnungen national accounts contabilità nazionale regionale Gesamtrechnung regional accounting contabilità regionale economic aggregate aggregato economico Wirtschaftsaggregat Staatsausgabe national expenditure spesa nazionale gross domestic product prodotto interno lordo Bruttoinlandsprodukt Sozialprodukt domestic product prodotto nazionale Bruttosozialprodukt gross national product prodotto nazionale lordo national income reddito nazionale Volkseinkommen Bruttoregionalprodukt gross regional product prodotto regionale lordo Gesamtrechnung des Agrarsektors economic accounts for agriculture contabilità economica agricola Verteilung pro Kopf per capita distribution ripartizione pro capite Verteilung pro Beschäftigtem distribution per employed person ripartizione per occupato income reddito Einkommen Ersparnis savings risparmio compulsory saving risparmio obbligatorio Zwangssparen Lebensstandard standard of living tenore di vita Kaufkraft purchasing power potere d'acquisto Kaufkraftparität purchasing power parity parità di potere d'acquisto Einkommensumverteilung redistribution of income ridistribuzione del reddito Einkommensverteilung distribution of income ripartizione del reddito niedriges Einkommen low income reddito basso pauperisation depauperamento Verarmung Armut poverty povertà Bettelei mendicity mendicità Vermögensverteilung distribution of wealth distribuzione delle ricchezze Reichtum wealth ricchezza reddito delle famiglie Einkommen der privaten Haushalte household income Familienbudget household budget bilancio familiare overlapping of income cumulo dei redditi Doppelverdienst Sozialtransfers social transfers trasferimenti sociali Kontenrahmen accounting system sistema di contabilità vereinheitlichter Kontenrahmen standardised accounting system sistema normalizzato di contabilità europäischer Kontenrahmen European accounting system sistema europeo di contabilità Wirtschaftsanalyse economic analysis analisi economica Wirtschaftsanalyse economic analysis analisi economica Ökonometrie econometrics econometria Wirtschaftsmodell economic model modello economico economic survey indagine economica wirtschaftsstatistische Erhebung Wirtschaftsindikator economic indicator indicatore economico Makroökonomie macroeconomics macroeconomia Input-Output-Analyse input-output analysis analisi input-output Mikroökonomie microeconomics microeconomia studio d'impatto Wirkungsstudie impact study wirtschaftliche Auswirkung economic consequence conseguenza economica economic structure struttura economica Wirtschaftsstruktur wirtschaftlicher Wert economic value valore economico economic forecasting previsione economica Wirtschaftsprognose kurzfristige Prognose short-term forecast previsione a breve scadenza long-term forecast previsione a lunga scadenza langfristige Prognose mittelfristige Prognose medium-term forecast previsione a media scadenza sehr langfristige Prognose forward studies futurologia Statistik statistics statistica statistische Methode statistical method metodo statistico nomenclature nomenclatura Systematik zahlenmäßiges Verhältnis ratio rapporto Zählung census censimento räumliche Verteilung geographical distribution distribuzione geografica Stichprobenuntersuchung sample survey sondaggio Stichprobenverfahren sampling campionamento statistica comunitaria Statistik der Gemeinschaft Community statistics Wirtschaftsstatistik economic statistics statistica economica international statistics statistica internazionale internationale Statistik nationale Statistik national statistics statistica nazionale amtliche Statistik official statistics statistica ufficiale Regionalstatistik regional statistics statistica regionale WIRTSCHAFTS- UND HANDELSVERKEHR TRADE SCAMBI ECONOMICI E COMMERCIALI Handelspolitik trade policy politica commerciale Handelsrecht commercial law diritto commerciale Devisenrecht law on negotiable instruments diritto cambiario commercial arbitration arbitrato commerciale Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit Handelsvertrag commercial contract contratto commerciale market mercato Markt Gemeinschaftsmarkt Community market mercato comunitario commodities market mercato dei prodotti di base Grundstoffmarkt Warenbörse commodities exchange borsa merci Außenmarkt foreign market mercato estero Inlandsmarkt domestic market mercato interno regionaler Markt regional market mercato regionale internationaler Markt international market mercato internazionale öffentlicher Auftrag public contract appalto pubblico öffentliche Auftragsvergabe award of contract aggiudicazione d'appalto supplies contract contratto di forniture Lieferauftrag freihändige Vergabe negotiated contract contratto di appalto previa trattativa privata Bauauftrag works contract contratto di prestazione di servizi Ausschreibung invitation to tender gara d'appalto Angebotseinreichung tendering presentazione dell'offerta d'appalto mercato dei servizi Dienstleistungsmarkt services contract Dienstleistungskonzession service concession concessione di servizi Handelspolitik trade policy politica commerciale Staatshandel State trading commercio di Stato foreign trade commercio estero Außenhandel Binnenhandel domestic trade commercio interno Marktzugang market access accesso al mercato Markterweiterung market enlargement allargamento del mercato Marktintervention market intervention intervento sul mercato Marktplanung market planning pianificazione del mercato market protection protezione del mercato Marktsicherung Marktstützung market support sostegno del mercato Rücknahme aus dem Markt withdrawal from the market ritiro dal mercato economic contingency stock scorte congiunturali konjunkturelle Lagerbestände Interventionsbestände intervention stock scorte d'intervento Interventionsankauf intervention buying acquisto di intervento Marktüberwachung market supervision sorveglianza del mercato organizzazione del mercato Marktordnung market organisation allgemeine Präferenzen generalised preferences preferenze generalizzate trade promotion promozione degli scambi Förderung des Handels Industrie- und Handelskammer chamber of commerce and industry camera di commercio Handelsregelung trade regulations regolamentazione commerciale Handelslizenz trade licence licenza commerciale illicit trade traffico illecito unerlaubter Handel Ladenöffnungszeiten trading hours orario d'apertura dei negozi Marktregulierung market stabilisation regolarizzazione del mercato Interventionsstelle intervention agency organismo d'intervento Steuerung des Handelsverkehrs regulation of transactions controllo delle transazioni liberalizzazione del mercato Liberalisierung des Marktes liberalisation of the market fairer Handel fair trade commercio equo gemeinsame Handelspolitik common commercial policy politica commerciale comune außergemeinschaftlicher Handel extra-Community trade scambio extracomunitario intra-Community trade scambio intracomunitario innergemeinschaftlicher Handel Ausschluss von der EG-Behandlung exclusion from EC treatment esclusione dal trattamento CE Gemeinschaftspräferenz Community preference preferenza comunitaria Nimexe Nimexe Nimexe ergänzender Mechanismus supplementary trade mechanism meccanismo complementare accordo preferenziale Präferenzabkommen preferential agreement Ausfuhrpolitik export policy politica delle esportazioni Diversifizierung der Ausfuhren diversification of exports diversificazione delle esportazioni export financing finanziamento delle esportazioni Finanzierung der Ausfuhren Ausfuhrkredit export credit credito all'esportazione compensatory financing finanziamento compensativo Ausgleichsfinanzierung Abgabenerlass bei der Ausfuhr remission of export duties sgravio all'esportazione Erstattung bei der Ausfuhr export refund restituzione all'esportazione Ausfuhrsubvention export subsidy sovvenzione all'esportazione Ausfuhrerlös export revenue proventi delle esportazioni Abschöpfung bei der Ausfuhr export levy prelievo all'esportazione Überwachung der Ausfuhren export monitoring controllo delle esportazioni politica delle importazioni Einfuhrpolitik import policy Einfuhrkredit import credit credito all'importazione import levy prelievo all'importazione Abschöpfung bei der Einfuhr Ersetzung von Einfuhren import substitution sostituzione delle importazioni Erstattung bei der Einfuhr import refund restituzione all'importazione Einfuhrüberwachung surveillance concerning imports sorveglianza all'importazione tariff policy politica tariffaria Zolltarifpolitik Zollpolitik tariff policy politica tariffaria Zollkontingent tariff quota contingente tariffario tariff exemption esenzione tariffaria Zollbefreiung Zollfreiheit exemption from customs duties franchigia doganale Harmonisierung des Zollwesens customs harmonisation armonizzazione doganale Zollverhandlung tariff negotiations negoziato tariffario Tokio-Runde Tokyo Round negoziato di Tokyo Dillon Round negoziato Dillon Dillon-Runde Kennedy-Runde Kennedy Round negoziato Kennedy Trade Expansion Act Trade Expansion Act Trade Expansion Act Uruguay-Runde Uruguay Round negoziato d'Uruguay Zollherabsetzung tariff reduction riduzione tariffaria rimborso dei dazi doganali Erstattung der Zollabgaben customs drawback Wiedereinsetzung der Zollsätze restoration of customs duties ripristino dei dazi doganali abolition of customs duties abolizione dei dazi doganali Abschaffung der Zölle Aussetzung der Zollsätze suspension of customs duties sospensione dei dazi doganali Präferenzzoll tariff preference tariffa preferenziale Zollunion customs union unione doganale Freihandelszone free-trade area zona di libero scambio accordo tariffario Zollabkommen tariff agreement common tariff policy politica tariffaria comune gemeinsame Zolltarifpolitik EG-Zollgebiet EC customs territory territorio doganale CE common customs tariff tariffa doganale comune Gemeinsamer Zolltarif TARIC Taric TARIC Ausgleichsabgabe countervailing charge tassa di compensazione gemeinschaftliches Versandverfahren Community transit transito comunitario Zollvorschrift customs regulations regolamentazione doganale Zollpapier customs document documento doganale Ausfuhrlizenz export licence licenza d'esportazione import licence licenza d'importazione Einfuhrlizenz einheitliches Zollpapier single document documento unico Warenverkehrsbescheinigung movement certificate certificato di circolazione Gesundheitszeugnis health certificate certificato sanitario customs dogana Zoll Beruf im Zollwesen customs profession professioni del settore doganale Zollformalität customs formalities formalità di dogana Vereinfachung der Zollformalitäten simplification of formalities semplificazione delle formalità Zollbetrug customs fraud frode doganale Zollkontrolle customs inspection controllo doganale Zollwert customs valuation valore in dogana zona franca Freizone free zone Zollschuld customs debt debito doganale Zolltarif customs tariff tariffa doganale Zolltarifschema tariff nomenclature nomenclatura tariffaria Aufgliederung des Zolltarifs specification of tariff heading specificità delle posizioni tariffarie Combined Nomenclature nomenclatura combinata Kombinierte Nomenklatur tariff ceiling massimale tariffario Zollplafond Zollsatz customs duties dazi doganali Durchfuhrabgabe transit charge tassa di transito Zollverfahren der Gemeinschaft Community customs procedure regime doganale comunitario freier Verkehr free circulation libera pratica customs procedure suspending duties regime doganale sospensivo vorläufiges Zollverfahren vorübergehende Einfuhr temporary admission ammissione temporanea customs warehouse magazzino di dogana Zolllager aktive Veredelung inward processing perfezionamento attivo passive Veredelung outward processing perfezionamento passivo Zollgutversand customs transit transito doganale Umwandlung unter zollamtlicher Überwachung processing under customs control trasformazione sotto controllo doganale Ausfuhrzollverfahren export customs procedure regime doganale d'esportazione Wirtschaftsverkehr trade scambi economici Handelsverkehr trading operation scambio commerciale Handel mit Agrarerzeugnissen agricultural trade scambio agricolo trade by product scambio per prodotti Handel nach Erzeugnissen Ausfuhr export esportazione Wiederausfuhr re-export riesportazione Community export esportazione comunitaria Gemeinschaftsausfuhr Einfuhr import importazione Wiedereinfuhr re-import reimportazione Community import importazione comunitaria Gemeinschaftseinfuhr Kompensationshandel countertrade scambio di compensazione Tauschhandel barter baratto valore dello scambio Handelswert value of trade Terms of Trade terms of trade ragioni di scambio Handelsvolumen trade volume volume degli scambi supply and demand domanda e offerta Angebot und Nachfrage Versorgung supply approvvigionamento Mangel shortage penuria security of supply sicurezza d'approvvigionamento Sicherung der Versorgung Selbstversorgung self-supply autoapprovvigionamento Selbstversorgungsgrad self-sufficiency rate tasso di autoapprovvigionamento Versorgungsbilanz supply balance sheet bilancio d'approvvigionamento Internationaler Handel international trade commercio internazionale internationaler Handel international trade commercio internazionale Ost-West-Handel East-West trade commercio Est-Ovest international division of labour divisione internazionale del lavoro internationale Arbeitsteilung Komplementarität des Handels complementarity of trade complementarità degli scambi regionalisation of trade regionalizzazione degli scambi Regionalisierung des Handels Spezialisierung des Handels specialisation of trade specializzazione degli scambi Handel nach Ländergruppen trade by group of countries scambio per gruppo di paesi Handel nach Ländern trade by country scambio per paese GATT GATT GATT freier Warenverkehr free movement of goods libera circolazione delle merci originating product prodotto originario Ursprungserzeugnis Ursprungszeugnis certificate of origin certificato d'origine empfindliche Ware sensitive product prodotto sensibile Meistbegünstigung most-favoured nation nazione più favorita Havanna-Charta Havana Charter Carta dell'Avana Incoterms incoterms Incoterms liberalizzazione degli scambi Liberalisierung des Handels liberalisation of trade Grundstoff primary product prodotto di base Rohstoff raw material materia prima North-South trade commercio Nord-Sud Nord-Süd-Handel Welt-Handelsorganisation World Trade Organisation Organizzazione mondiale del commercio Sozialklausel social clause clausola sociale GATS GATS GATS Streitbeilegungsgremium Dispute Settlement Body organo di conciliazione TRIMS TRIMS TRIMS TRIPS TRIPS TRIPS internationale Handelschiedsgerichtsbarkeit international commercial arbitration arbitrato commerciale internazionale trade relations relazione commerciale Handelsbeziehungen Handelsabkommen trade agreement accordo commerciale free-trade agreement accordo di libero scambio Freihandelsabkommen Begrenzungsabkommen voluntary restraint agreement accordo di limitazione Zuckerprotokoll protocol on sugar Protocollo zucchero Allfaser-Abkommen multifibre agreement accordo multifibre sektorales Abkommen sectoral agreement accordo settoriale accordo sui prodotti di base Grundstoffabkommen commodity agreement gemeinsamer Fonds common fund fondo comune buffer stock scorta regolatrice Ausgleichsvorrat Handelsstreit trade dispute disputa commerciale Handelsbeschränkung trade restriction restrizione agli scambi nichttarifäres Handelshemmnis non-tariff barrier ostacolo non tariffario technisches Handelshemmnis technical barrier ostacolo tecnico measure having equivalent effect misura di effetto equivalente Maßnahme gleicher Wirkung mengenmäßige Beschränkung quantitative restriction restrizione quantitativa Abgabe gleicher Wirkung charge having equivalent effect imposta d'effetto equivalente tariff barrier ostacolo tariffario tarifäres Handelshemmnis Ausfuhrbeschränkung export restriction restrizione all'esportazione Einfuhrbeschränkung import restriction restrizione all'importazione Verbrauch consumption consumo Verbraucher consumer consumatore Verbraucherverhalten consumer behaviour comportamento del consumatore Ernährungsgewohnheit eating habits abitudine alimentare purchasing habits abitudine d'acquisto Kaufgewohnheit Motivation des Verbrauchers consumer motivation motivazione del consumatore consumer protection protezione del consumatore Verbraucherschutz Verbraucherinformation consumer information informazione del consumatore Europäische Verbraucherinformationsstelle European consumer information agency Agenzia europea di informazione dei consumatori product quality qualità del prodotto Warenqualität Lebensdauer eines Produkts product life durata di un prodotto product designation denominazione del prodotto Benennung des Produkts Verbraucherbewegung consumer movement movimento dei consumatori Sicherheit des Produkts product safety sicurezza del prodotto mangelhaftes Produkt defective product prodotto difettoso Verbraucherpolitik consumer policy politica dei consumatori consumption consumo Verbrauch Nahrungsmittelverbrauch food consumption consumo alimentare household consumption consumo delle famiglie Verbrauch der privaten Haushalte Endverbrauch final consumption consumo finale Inlandsverbrauch domestic consumption consumo interno Pro-Kopf-Verbrauch per capita consumption consumo pro capite Verbrauchernachfrage consumer demand domanda di consumo spesa alimentare Ausgabe für Ernährung food expenditure Verbrauchsausgabe consumption expenditure spesa di consumo wastage sperpero Verschwendung Industrieverbrauch intermediate consumption consumo industriale weltweiter Verbrauch world consumption consumo mondiale Konsumgesellschaft consumer society società dei consumi Eigenverbrauch own consumption autoconsumo Güter und Dienstleistungen goods and services beni e servizi Produktionsgut intermediate goods mezzi di produzione capital goods bene strumentale Ausrüstungsgut Gebrauchtgegenstand used goods bene d'occasione Dienstleistung service servizio unentgeltliche Dienstleistung free service servizio gratuito payable service servizio a pagamento Dienstleistung gegen Entgelt gemeinwohlorientierte Leistungen services of general interest servizio d’interesse generale Universaldienst universal service servizio universale Verbrauchsgut consumer goods bene di consumo Massenbedarfsgut mass-consumption product prodotto di largo consumo langlebiges Gebrauchsgut durable goods bene durevole bene non durevole kurzlebiges Gebrauchsgut non-durable goods persönliche Habe personal effects bene personale Vermarktung marketing commercializzazione Vermarktung marketing commercializzazione Marktforschung market research studio di mercato Verbrauchsforschung consumer survey indagine sui consumi trade information informazioni commerciali Handelsinformation Gütezeichen quality label marchio di qualità EG-Umweltzeichen eco-label marchio ecologico Vermarktungsnorm marketing standard norma di commercializzazione Absatzförderung sales promotion promozione commerciale Sponsoring sponsorship patrocinio Werbung advertising pubblicità Werbewirksamkeit impact of advertising impatto pubblicitario advertising budget budget pubblicitario Werbeetat unverlangt zugesandte Werbung per E-Mail [V4.2] unsolicited electronic advertising [V4.2] pubblicità elettronica non sollecitata [V4.2] denominazione di origine Ursprungsbezeichnung designation of origin Merchandising merchandising merchandising Einführung eines Produkts launching of a product lancio di un prodotto theory of marketing marketing Marketing Handelsveranstaltung trade event manifestazione commerciale Kundendienst after-sales service servizio di assistenza al cliente Verkaufserlaubnis market approval autorizzazione di vendita Handelsstatistik trade statistics statistica commerciale preparation for market confezionamento Produktverpackung und aufmachung Verpackung packaging imballaggio Verpackungsartikel packaging product materiale d'imballaggio bottling imbottigliamento Abfüllung Etikettierung von Bioprodukten labelling etichettatura verkaufsfertige Abfüllung pre-packaging preconfezionamento verpacktes Erzeugnis packaged product prodotto confezionato unverpacktes Erzeugnis bulk product prodotto sfuso Handelsgeschäft commercial transaction atto di commercio Mietkauf hire purchase locazione con opzione d'acquisto provision of services prestazione di servizi Erbringung von Dienstleistungen Verkauf sale vendita Verlustverkauf selling at a loss svendita credit sale vendita a credito Kreditverkauf Verkauf von Haus zu Haus door-to-door selling vendita a domicilio Einzelverkauf retail selling vendita al dettaglio Verkauf mit Preisnachlass discount sale vendita a ribasso Versteigerung auction sale vendita all'asta vendita diretta Direktverkauf direct selling En-gros-Verkauf wholesale selling vendita all'ingrosso duty-free sale vendita esente da tasse abgabenfreier Verkauf Versandhandel distance selling vendita a distanza elektronischer Geschäftsverkehr electronic commerce commercio elettronico elektronische Signatur electronic signature firma elettronica Kauf purchase acquisto Kreditkauf credit purchase acquisto a credito Vermietung hiring locazione distribuzione commerciale Verteilung und Vertrieb distributive trades Vertrieb distributive trades distribuzione commerciale Einzelhandel retail trade commercio al minuto Franchising franchising franchising retail outlet punto di vendita Verkaufsstelle integrierter Handel integrated trade commercio integrato Konsumgenossenschaft consumer cooperative cooperativa di consumo supermarket grande magazzino Laden mit großer Verkaufsfläche Discountgeschäft discount store discount center Ladenkette chain store negozio con succursali multiple Selbstbedienung self-service store self-service angegliederter Handel affiliated retailing commercio associato ambulanter Handel itinerant trade commercio ambulante commercio indipendente selbstständiger Handel independent retailer Kleinhandel small retailer piccolo commercio shopping centre centro commerciale Einkaufszentrum Verkaufsautomat automatic vending machine distributore automatico wholesale trade commercio all'ingrosso Großhandel Einkaufsgemeinschaft buying group cooperativa di acquisti wholesale trading centre mercati generali zentraler Großmarkt Firmenwert goodwill azienda commerciale Lieferant supplier fornitore Lieferung delivery consegna Händler merchant negoziante Kommissionär commission agent commissionario trade intermediary intermediario commerciale Zwischenhändler professioni commerciali kaufmännischer Beruf sales occupation Warenmakler broker sensale sales staff personale di vendita Verkaufspersonal Handelsvertreter sales representative rappresentante di commercio Vertriebshändler distributor distributore commerciale Vertragshändler concessionaire concessionario sales agent depositario Alleinvertreter Wiederverkäufer dealer rivenditore customers clientela Kundschaft storage stoccaggio Lagerung Lager stock scorte privates Lager private stock scorte private public stock scorte pubbliche öffentliches Lager storage capacity capacità di stoccaggio Lagerkapazität FINANZE FINANZWESEN FINANCE Währungsbeziehungen monetary relations relazioni monetarie internationale Finanzen international finance finanze internazionali Auslandsschuld external debt debito estero Schuldennachlass debt reduction alleggerimento del debito international loan prestito internazionale internationale Anleihe Zehnerklub Group of Ten gruppo dei Dieci internationale Liquidität international liquidity liquidità internazionale internationaler Kredit international credit credito internazionale special drawing rights diritti speciali di prelievo Sonderziehungsrechte Reservewährung reserve currency moneta di riserva internationale Währung international currency moneta internazionale internationaler Zahlungsverkehr international payment pagamenti internazionali Swap swap arrangement credito incrociato clearing agreement accordo di compensazione Verrechnungsabkommen Finanzabkommen financial agreement accordo finanziario crisi monetaria Währungskrise monetary crisis Devisenreserve foreign-exchange reserves riserve valutarie international monetary system sistema monetario internazionale Internationales Währungssystem Golddevisenstandard gold-exchange standard sistema monetario a cambio aureo gold standard sistema monetario aureo Goldstandard IWF IMF FMI Abkommen von Bretton Woods Bretton Woods Agreement accordo di Bretton Woods Gruppe der Vierundzwanzig Group of Twenty-Four gruppo dei Ventiquattro monetary relations relazione monetaria Währungsbeziehungen währungspolitische Zusammenarbeit monetary cooperation cooperazione monetaria monetary integration integrazione monetaria Währungsintegration Währungsabkommen monetary agreement accordo monetario Europäisches Währungsabkommen European Monetary Agreement Accordo monetario europeo Europäische Zahlungsunion European Payments Union Unione europea dei pagamenti Währungsunion monetary union unione monetaria Währungsgebiet currency area area monetaria Euro-Zone euro area zona euro Euribor Euribor Euribor non-participating country paese non partecipante nicht teilnehmender Mitgliedstaat Euro-Teilnehmerkreis participating country paese partecipante Europäisches Währungssystem European Monetary System sistema monetario europeo EFWZ EMCF FECOM European Monetary Fund Fondo monetario europeo Europäischer Währungsfonds währungspolitischer Interventionsmechanismus exchange-rate mechanism meccanismo d'intervento monetario Beistandsmechanismus support mechanism meccanismo di sostegno finanzieller Beistand medium-term financial assistance contributo finanziario very short-term financing finanziamento a brevissimo termine sehr kurzfristige Finanzierung Währungsbeistand monetary support sostegno monetario innergemeinschaftlicher Zahlungsverkehr intra-Community payment pagamento intracomunitario EWS-Wechselkursmechanismus EMS exchange-rate mechanism meccanismo di cambio SME Leitkurs central rate tasso centrale Bandbreite fluctuation margin margine di fluttuazione comitato monetario CE Währungsausschuss EG EC Monetary Committee Europäische Währung European currency moneta europea Euro euro euro Abweichungsindikator divergence indicator indicatore di divergenza basket of currencies paniere di monete Währungskorb Ecu ecu Ecu privater ECU private ECU ecu privato Zahlungsbilanz balance of payments bilancia dei pagamenti Handelsbilanz trade balance bilancia commerciale balance-of-payments deficit bilancia deficitaria passive Bilanz Dienstleistungsbilanz invisible trade balance bilancia delle partite invisibili monetary economics economia monetaria Geldwirtschaft Geldmarkt money market mercato monetario Euro-Geldmarkt Euromarket euromercato Euro-Kredit Eurocredit eurocredito Eurocurrency eurodivisa Euro-Währung Euro-Dollar Eurodollar eurodollaro Euro-Emission Eurobond euroemissione money-market liquidity liquidità monetaria Liquidität Geldvolumen money supply massa monetaria Geldversorgung private-sector liquidity disponibilità monetarie Geld money moneta Papiergeld paper money moneta fiduciaria national currency moneta nazionale Landeswährung Giralgeld deposit money moneta scritturale elektronisches Geld electronic funds transfer moneta elettronica negotiable instrument titolo di credito Wechsel Überweisung credit transfer bonifico Scheck cheque assegno Petrodollar petrodollar petrodollaro exchange policy politica dei cambi Devisenpolitik Devisenkontrolle exchange control controllo dei cambi currency convertibility convertibilità monetaria Währungskonvertibilität Devisenmarkt foreign exchange market mercato dei cambi Devisen foreign currency divisa open market mercato libero freier Devisenmarkt geregelter Devisenmarkt official market mercato regolamentato devisenrechtliche Beschränkung exchange restriction restrizione dei cambi Wechselkurs exchange rate tasso di cambio Währungsparität exchange parity parità di cambio floating rate tasso fluttuante flexibler Wechselkurs Umrechnungskurs conversion rate tasso di conversione Geld- und Kreditpolitik monetary policy politica monetaria Liquiditätskontrolle liquidity control controllo della liquidità issuing of currency emissione monetaria Notenemission Währungsanpassung currency adjustment aggiustamento monetario Abwertung devaluation svalutazione revaluation rivalutazione Aufwertung Zentralbank central bank banca centrale Geld- und Kreditwesen credit and financial institutions istituti finanziari e di credito Kredit credit credito kurzfristiger Kredit short-term credit credito a breve termine consumer credit credito al consumo Verbraucherkredit langfristiger Kredit long-term credit credito a lungo termine mittelfristiger Kredit medium-term credit credito a medio termine Handelskredit trade credit credito commerciale Investitionskredit investment loan credito per investimenti credito documentario Dokumenten-Akkreditiv documentary credit Realkredit real estate credit credito immobiliare borrowing assunzione di prestito Anleihe Verschuldung indebtedness indebitamento redemption rimborso Rückzahlung Darlehen loan erogazione di prestito zinsloser Kredit free credit credito gratuito Agrarkredit agricultural credit credito agricolo Mikrokredit microloan microcredito financial institution istituto finanziario Finanzinstitution Finanzinstitut mit Sonderaufgaben special-status institution istituto a statuto speciale credit institution istituto di credito Kreditinstitut Postgelddienste post office financial services servizi finanziari della posta Bank bank banca Industriekreditbank finance house banca industriale agricultural bank banca agricola Landwirtschaftsbank Geschäftsbank commercial bank banca commerciale Genossenschaftsbank cooperative bank banca cooperativa Kreditgenossenschaft credit union cooperativa di credito Investitionsbank investment bank banca d'investimenti Entwicklungsbank development bank banca di sviluppo Afrikanische Entwicklungsbank African Development Bank Banca africana di sviluppo IDB BIS IDB EBRD EBRD BERS ADB ADB BAS CABEI CABEI BCIE CDB Caribank BSC banca popolare Volksbank people's bank Privatbank private bank banca privata public bank banca pubblica öffentlich-rechtliche Bank Sparkasse savings bank cassa di risparmio Hypothekenbank mortgage bank istituto di credito fondiario Bankgeschäft banking attività bancaria Bankeinlage bank deposit deposito bancario law of banking diritto bancario Bankrecht Devisengeschäft exchange transaction operazione di cambio Arbitrage arbitrage arbitraggio finanziario Bankpolitik banking policy politica bancaria automatisierte Bankdienstleistung electronic banking automazione del sistema bancario controllo bancario Bankenaufsicht banking supervision Bankgebühr bank charges spese bancarie banking profession professioni bancarie Beruf im Bankwesen Bankgeheimnis banking secrecy segreto bancario Banksystem banking system sistema bancario Kreditpolitik credit policy politica creditizia Kreditkosten cost of borrowing costo del credito Zins interest interesse interest rate subsidy abbuono d'interesse Zinszuschuss discounting sconto Diskont Kreditgarantie credit guarantee garanzia di credito Rediskont rediscounting risconto Diskontsatz discount rate tasso di sconto Begrenzung des Kreditvolumens credit control inquadramento del credito Freier Kapitalverkehr free movement of capital libera circolazione dei capitali freier Kapitalverkehr free movement of capital libera circolazione dei capitali Finanzbestimmung financial legislation regolamentazione finanziaria capital movement movimento di capitali Kapitalverkehr Kapitalausfuhr export of capital esportazione di capitali investment transaction investimento di capitali Kapitalanlage Kapitalrückführung repatriation of capital rimpatrio di capitali Kapitalrecycling recycling of capital riciclaggio di capitali Geldwäsche money laundering riciclaggio di denaro Kapitalflucht outflow of capital fuga di capitali Kapitaltransfer capital transfer trasferimento di capitali Transferpreis transfer pricing prezzi di trasferimento volume delle transazioni Umfang der Transaktionen trading volume Spekulationskapital speculative funds capitali speculativi venture capital capitali di rischio Risikokapital Auslandskapital foreign capital capitali esteri Finanzpolitik financial policy politica finanziaria Kapitalmarkt capital market mercato dei capitali financial market mercato finanziario Finanzmarkt Emission von Wertpapieren issue of securities emissione di valori financial instrument strumento finanziario Finanzinstrument finanzielle Intervention financial intervention intervento finanziario Terminmarkt futures market mercato a termine Kassamarkt spot market mercato a pronti Börsengeschäft stock-exchange transaction operazione di borsa professioni finanziarie Beruf im Finanzgewerbe financial occupation Wertpapierbörse stock exchange borsa valori Börsennotierung stock-exchange listing quotazione in borsa Börsenwert eines Unternehmens market capitalisation valore di borsa price of securities corso dei titoli Wertpapierkurs financial situation situazione finanziaria Finanzlage Finanzstatistik financial statistics statistica finanziaria Kapitaltransaktion financial transaction transazione finanziaria Wertpapier securities valore mobiliare Schuldverschreibung bond obbligazione share azione Aktie Investition und Finanzierung financing and investment investimenti e finanziamenti Finanzierung financing finanziamento kurzfristige Finanzierung short-term financing finanziamento a breve termine long-term financing finanziamento a lungo termine langfristige Finanzierung mittelfristige Finanzierung medium-term financing finanziamento a medio termine ergänzende Finanzierung supplementary financing finanziamento complementare einzelstaatliche Finanzierung national financing finanziamento nazionale Finanzierungspolitik financing policy politica di finanziamento Finanzierungsart financing method sistema di finanziamento financing plan piano di finanziamento Finanzierungsplan Unternehmensfinanzierung corporate finance finanziamento dell'impresa Startkapital seed capital capitale di avviamento Selbstfinanzierung self-financing autofinanziamento finanziamento pubblico öffentliche Finanzierung public financing Mitfinanzierung co-financing cofinanziamento microfinance microfinanza Finanzinstitute, die auf Mikrokredite spezialisiert sind investment investimento Investition Auslandsinvestition investment abroad investimento all'estero Community investment investimento comunitario Investition der Gemeinschaft Direktinvestition direct investment investimento diretto ausländische Investition foreign investment investimento estero internationale Investition international investment investimento internazionale private Investition private investment investimento privato investimento pubblico öffentliche Investition public investment regionale Investition regional investment investimento regionale investment policy politica d'investimento Investitionspolitik Investitionsschutz investment protection garanzia degli investimenti investment project progetto d'investimento Investitionsvorhaben Investitionsförderung investment promotion promozione degli investimenti Investitionsvorschrift regulation of investments regolamentazione degli investimenti Kapitaleinkünfte investment income reddito da investimento Versicherungswesen insurance assicurazioni Versicherung insurance assicurazione Versicherungsgesellschaft insurance company compagnia d'assicurazioni insurance contract contratto assicurativo Versicherungsvertrag Versicherungsleistung insurance indemnity indennità di assicurazione insurance premium premio d'assicurazione Versicherungsprämie Risikodeckung insured risk rischio coperto Schadensfall insurance claim sinistro Versicherungsrecht insurance law diritto assicurativo Rückversicherung reinsurance riassicurazione Ausfuhrversicherung export credit insurance assicurazione all'esportazione Unfallversicherung personal accident insurance assicurazione contro gli infortuni assicurazione di beni Sachversicherung property insurance Personenversicherung personal insurance assicurazione di persone co-insurance coassicurazione Mitversicherung landwirtschaftliche Versicherung agricultural insurance assicurazione agricola Kreditversicherung credit insurance assicurazione crediti Schadenversicherung indemnity insurance assicurazione danni Pflichtversicherung compulsory insurance assicurazione obbligatoria professioni del settore assicurativo Beruf im Versicherungswesen insurance occupation Privatversicherung private insurance assicurazione privata public insurance assicurazione pubblica öffentlich-rechtliche Versicherung Haftpflichtversicherung third-party insurance assicurazione responsabilità civile Transportversicherung transport insurance assicurazione trasporto Kraftfahrzeugversicherung motor vehicle insurance assicurazione automobilistica marine insurance assicurazione marittima Seetransportversicherung Lebensversicherung life assurance assicurazione sulla vita finanze pubbliche e politica di bilancio Öffentliche Finanzen und Haushaltspolitik public finance and budget policy öffentliche Schuld public debt debito pubblico Konsolidierung der Schuld rescheduling of public debt consolidamento del debito public borrowing prestito pubblico öffentliche Anleihe öffentlicher Schuldendienst redemption of public debt ammortamento del debito Schatzanweisung treasury bill buono del tesoro public finance finanze pubbliche öffentliche Finanzen öffentliches Rechnungswesen public accounting contabilità pubblica local authority finances finanze locali Gemeindefinanzen Gemeindebudget local budget bilancio locale Eingliederungsplan budgetary classification nomenclatura di bilancio Finanzausgleich financial equalisation perequazione finanziaria Haushaltsordnung financial regulation regolamento finanziario Gesamthaushaltsplan general budget bilancio generale finanze regionali Länderfinanzen regional finances Regionalhaushalt regional budget bilancio regionale Haushaltsplan der Unternehmen im Staatsbesitz subsidiary budget bilancio di ente autonomo Treasury tesoro Staatskasse Staatshaushalt national budget bilancio dello Stato außerordentlicher Haushaltsplan extraordinary budget bilancio straordinario Haushaltspolitik budget policy politica di bilancio Haushaltsausgleich budgetary equilibrium pareggio del bilancio budget volume massa finanziaria Haushaltsvolumen Finanzplanung financial planning pianificazione finanziaria sachliche Spezialität des Budgets budgetary specification specificazione del bilancio Finanzautonomie financial autonomy autonomia finanziaria Haushaltsplan budget bilancio iscrizione in bilancio Aufnahme in den Haushaltsplan inclusion in the budget Budgeting-System programme budgeting scelta di bilancio stability programme programma di stabilità Stabilitätsprogramm Haushaltsplan budget bilancio Haushaltsausgabe budgetary expenditure spese di bilancio Verwaltungsausgabe administrative expenditure spese di funzionamento extra-budgetary expenditure spese fuori bilancio Ausgabe außerhalb des Haushaltsplans operationelle Ausgabe operational expenditure spese operative öffentliche Ausgabe public expenditure spesa pubblica implementation of the budget esecuzione del bilancio Ausführung des Haushaltsplans Haushaltskontrolle budgetary control controllo di bilancio financial control controllo finanziario Finanzkontrolle Zahlungsermächtigung payment appropriation stanziamento di pagamento Haushaltsentlastung budgetary discharge scarico del bilancio Mittelbindung commitment of expenditure impegno delle spese Haushaltsjahr financial year esercizio finanziario liquidazione delle spese Feststellung der Ausgaben validation of expenditure Haushaltsmittelansatz budget appropriation stanziamento di bilancio carry-over of appropriations riporto di stanziamenti Mittelübertragung Haushaltsermächtigung budget authorisation autorizzazione di bilancio Finanzierung des Haushalts budget financing finanziamento del bilancio Haushaltsdefizit budget deficit disavanzo di bilancio additional resources risorse addizionali zusätzliche Mittel Haushaltsmittel budgetary resources risorse di bilancio Vorschuss der Staatskasse advance anticipazione di tesoreria Haushaltsverfahren budgetary procedure procedura di bilancio Annahme des Haushaltsplans adoption of the budget adozione del bilancio Haushaltsgesetz finance act legge finanziaria budgetary amendment modifica di bilancio Änderung des Haushaltsplans drawing up of the budget elaborazione del bilancio Aufstellung des Haushaltsplans Entwurf des Haushaltsplans draft budget progetto di bilancio preliminary draft budget progetto preliminare di bilancio Vorentwurf des Haushaltsplans Haushaltsvoranschlag budgetary assessment valutazione di bilancio Haushaltsbefugnis budgetary power potere di bilancio Haushaltsansatz budget estimate previsione di bilancio Ablehnung des Haushaltsplans rejection of the budget rigetto del bilancio vorläufiges Zwölftel provisional twelfth dodicesimo provvisorio bilancio rettificativo Berichtigungshaushaltsplan amending budget Nachtragshaushaltsplan supplementary budget bilancio suppletivo budgetary cooperation collaborazione in materia di bilancio Zusammenarbeit in Haushaltsfragen taxation fiscalità Steuerwesen Steuerwesen tax system fiscalità Steuerverwaltung tax authorities amministrazione fiscale taxpayer contribuente Steuerpflichtiger Steuerausweichung tax avoidance evasione fiscale steuerpflichtiges Einkommen taxable income reddito imponibile Steuererklärung tax return dichiarazione d'imposta Steuerrückzahlung tax rebate rimborso fiscale Steuererhebung tax collection esazione delle imposte tax imposta Steuer direkte Steuer direct tax imposta diretta flat-rate tax imposta forfettaria Pauschalsteuer indirekte Steuer indirect tax imposta indiretta örtliche Steuer local tax imposta locale Bundessteuer national tax imposta nazionale Realsteuer non-personal tax imposta reale parafiscalità steuerähnliche Abgabe quasi-fiscal charge außergewöhnliche Abgabe special tax imposta straordinaria Verbrauchssteuer tax on consumption imposta di consumo spezielle Verbrauchssteuer excise duty accisa export tax imposta all'esportazione Ausfuhrabgabe Einfuhrabgabe import tax imposta all'importazione Stempelsteuer stamp duty imposta di bollo Treibstoffsteuer fuel tax imposta sui carburanti Kraftfahrzeugsteuer vehicle tax tassa sui veicoli IVA MwSt. VAT MwSt.-Satz VAT rate aliquota IVA Vermögenssteuer tax on capital imposta sul capitale Grunderwerbssteuer registration tax imposta di registro wealth tax imposta patrimoniale Besteuerung privaten Vermögens Erbschaftssteuer capital transfer tax imposta sui trasferimenti Einkommensteuer tax on income imposta sul reddito Steuer natürlicher Personen personal income tax imposta sulle persone fisiche property tax imposta fondiaria Grundsteuer Wertzuwachssteuer capital gains tax imposta sull'incremento di valore Ertragssteuer tax on profits of self-employment imposta sugli utili Kapitalertragssteuer tax on investment income imposta sui redditi da capitale Lohnsummensteuer tax on employment income imposta sui salari imposta sulle società Körperschaftssteuer corporation tax Gewerbesteuer business tax imposta professionale Steuerpolitik fiscal policy politica fiscale Steuerabzug tax relief detrazione fiscale Steuerfreibetrag tax-free allowance franchigia fiscale double taxation doppia imposizione Doppelbesteuerung Steuerrecht tax law diritto tributario internationales Steuerrecht international tax law diritto fiscale internazionale Steuerbefreiung tax exemption esenzione fiscale Steuerharmonisierung tax harmonisation armonizzazione fiscale Steuermonopol fiscal monopoly monopolio fiscale convenzione fiscale Steuerübereinkommen tax convention Steueraufsicht tax inspection controllo fiscale distribution of the tax burden ripartizione delle imposte Steuerveranlagung Besteuerungsgrundlage basis of tax assessment base imponibile Steueranreiz tax incentive incentivo fiscale steuerliche Zusammenarbeit in Europa European tax cooperation cooperazione fiscale europea Steuerreform tax reform riforma fiscale Erlass einer Steuerschuld tax debt write-off condono fiscale Preis prices prezzi Preisschwankung price fluctuation fluttuazione dei prezzi Preissteigerung price increase aumento dei prezzi price reduction ribasso dei prezzi Preisrückgang prices policy politica dei prezzi Preispolitik Preisüberwachung price control controllo dei prezzi staatliche Preisfestsetzung assessment of prices tassazione dei prezzi price freeze blocco dei prezzi Preisstopp publishing of prices pubblicità dei prezzi Veröffentlichung der Preise Preisunterschied price disparity differenza di prezzo Preisfestsetzung fixing of prices fissazione dei prezzi Festpreis imposed price prezzo imposto free price prezzo libero freier Preis Preistafel price list listino prezzi Preisbildung price formation formazione dei prezzi Preisindexierung price indexing indicizzazione dei prezzi indice dei prezzi Preisindex price index gemeinsame Preispolitik common price policy politica comune dei prezzi price regulations regolamentazione dei prezzi Preisregulierung Preisstützung price support sostegno dei prezzi Preisstabilität price stability stabilità dei prezzi Angleichung der Preise harmonisation of prices armonizzazione dei prezzi Preis prices prezzo Preisspanne bracket price prezzo a forcella cost price prezzo di costo Selbstkostenpreis Rohstoffpreis commodity price prezzo dei prodotti di base diskriminierender Preis discriminatory price prezzo discriminatorio Präferenzpreis preferential price prezzo preferenziale im Voraus festgesetzter Preis price fixed in advance prezzo prestabilito Triggerpreis trigger price prezzo di riferimento minimo prezzo garantito garantierter Preis guaranteed price Höchstpreis maximum price prezzo massimo minimum price prezzo minimo Mindestpreis Durchschnittspreis average price prezzo medio reduzierter Preis reduced price prezzo ridotto Repräsentativpreis representative price prezzo rappresentativo repräsentativer Marktpreis representative market price prezzo rappresentativo di mercato prezzo al netto delle tasse Preis ohne Steuer price net of tax Preis je Einheit unit price prezzo unitario additional duty supplemento tariffario Preisaufschlag Agrarpreis farm prices prezzo agricolo Einschleusungspreis sluice-gate price prezzo limite intervention price prezzo d'intervento Interventionspreis Zielpreis norm price prezzo d'obiettivo Orientierungspreis guide price prezzo d'orientamento Grundpreis basic price prezzo base Auslösungspreis activating price prezzo limite per l'intervento prezzo di riferimento Referenzpreis reference price Rücknahmepreis withdrawal price prezzo di ritiro threshold price prezzo d'entrata Schwellenpreis Stützpreis support price prezzo di sostegno Preis frei Grenze free-at-frontier price prezzo franco frontiera Richtpreis target price prezzo indicativo garantierter Mindestpreis guaranteed minimum price prezzo minimo garantito prezzo misto gemischter Preis mixed price Marktpreis market prices prezzo di mercato Ausfuhrpreis export price prezzo all'esportazione import price prezzo all'importazione Einfuhrpreis Verbraucherpreis consumer price prezzo al consumo Erzeugerpreis producer price prezzo alla produzione Nahrungsmittelpreis food price prezzo alimentare Einkaufspreis purchase price prezzo d'acquisto prezzo d'offerta Angebotspreis offer price Einzelhandelspreis retail price prezzo al minuto wholesale price prezzo all'ingrosso Großhandelspreis Verkaufspreis selling price prezzo di vendita Weltmarktpreis world market price prezzo del mercato mondiale Preis für Agrarprodukte price of agricultural produce prezzo dei prodotti agricoli SOZIALE FRAGEN SOCIAL QUESTIONS QUESTIONI SOCIALI Familie family famiglia Familienrecht family law diritto di famiglia Adoption adoption of a child adozione di minore internationale Adoption international adoption adozione internazionale divorce divorzio Ehescheidung Eherecht matrimonial law diritto matrimoniale Volljährigkeitserklärung emancipation emancipazione Eheschließung marriage matrimonio Unterhaltspflicht maintenance obligation obbligo degli alimenti autorità parentale elterliche Gewalt parental authority biologische Abstammung descendant filiazione surname cognome Familienname elterliche Haftung parental responsibility responsabilità parentale gerichtliche Trennung judicial separation separazione legale Vormundschaft guardianship tutela Sorgerecht custody diritto di affidamento diritto di adozione Adoptionsrecht adoption law Besuchsrecht rights of access diritto di visita civil union unione civile eingetragene Partnerschaft family famiglia Familie kinderreiche Familie large family famiglia numerosa family by marriage famiglia acquisita Schwägerschaft Verwandtschaft relationship parentela ausgesetztes Kind abandoned child bambino abbandonato natural child figlio naturale nicht eheliches Kind Einzelkind only child figlio unico Waise orphan orfano adoptiertes Kind adopted child bambino adottato Familienpolitik family policy politica familiare Schutz der Familie family protection protezione della famiglia Familie mit einem Elternteil one-parent family famiglia monoparentale Ernährer der Familie breadwinner sostegno di famiglia carico di famiglia Familienunterhalt dependant Haushaltsvorstand head of household capofamiglia conflict of generations conflitto generazionale Generationenkonflikt Patchwork-Familie stepfamily famiglia ricostituita Familiensolidarität family solidarity solidarietà familiare Familienplanung family planning pianificazione familiare Geburtenkontrolle birth control controllo delle nascite Empfängnisverhütung contraception contraccezione sterilisation sterilizzazione Sterilisation Abtreibung abortion aborto illegale Abtreibung illegal abortion aborto illegale therapeutic abortion aborto terapeutico indizierte Abtreibung künstliche Fortpflanzung artificial reproductive techniques procreazione artificiale In-vitro-Befruchtung test tube fertilisation fecondazione in vitro surrogate mother madre portatrice Leihmutter Familienstand marital status situazione familiare freie Partnerschaft cohabitation convivenza single parent genitore non coniugato unverheirateter Elternteil geschiedene Person divorced person divorziato verheiratete Person married person coniugato getrennt lebende Person separated person separato verwitwete Person widowed person vedovo celibe unverheiratete Person unmarried person Polygamie polygamy poligamia migration migrazione Wanderungsbewegungen Wanderung migration migrazione Wanderungsstrom migratory movement corrente migratoria emigration emigrazione Auswanderung Brain Drain brain drain esodo delle competenze weiblicher Wanderarbeitnehmer female migrant donna migrante Einwanderung immigration immigrazione Rückwanderung return migration migrazione di ritorno Familienwanderung family migration migrazione familiare Zuwandererkind child of migrant figlio di migrante migrazione coatta Zwangswanderung enforced migration Umsiedlung transfer of population trasferimento di popolazione grenzüberschreitende Wanderung frontier migration migrazione frontaliera Community migration migrazione comunitaria innergemeinschaftliche Wanderung Wanderung aus beruflichen Gründen occupational migration migrazione professionale räumliche Mobilität geographical mobility mobilità geografica Migrationspolitik migration policy politica migratoria Migrationskontrolle migration control controllo delle migrazioni illegale Zuwanderung illegal migration migrazione illegale integration of migrants integrazione dei migranti Integration der Zuwanderer Rückkehrbeihilfe repatriation grant aiuto al rimpatrio gemeinschaftliche Migrationspolitik Community migration policy politica migratoria comunitaria Zuwanderer migrant migrante migrazione di popolamento Kolonisierungswanderung migration for settlement purposes Diaspora diaspora diaspora internal migration migrazione interna Binnenwanderung Pendelwanderung commuting migrazione pendolare interurban migration migrazione interurbana Wanderung zwischen den Städten innerstädtische Wanderung intraurban commuting migrazione intraurbana Landflucht rural migration migrazione rurale Land-Stadt-Wanderung migration from the countryside to the town urbanesimo Saisonwanderung seasonal migration migrazione stagionale nomadismo Nomadentum nomadism Demographie und Bevölkerung demography and population demografia e popolazione Bevölkerungsaufbau composition of the population composizione della popolazione Privathaushalt household nucleo familiare Hausfrau housewife casalinga one person household persona sola allein stehende Person distribution by age distribuzione per età Altersgliederung Erwachsener adult adulto child fanciullo Kind junger Mensch young person giovane älterer Mensch elderly person anziano Abhängigkeit der älteren Menschen dependence of elderly persons dipendenza degli anziani frühe Kindheit early childhood prima infanzia Gliederung nach Geschlecht distribution by sex distribuzione per sesso Frau woman donna man uomo Mann Urbevölkerung indigenous population popolazione autoctona demography demografia Demografie demografische Analyse demographic analysis analisi demografica Weltbevölkerung world population popolazione mondiale population census censimento della popolazione Volkszählung Bevölkerungsstatistik population statistics statistica demografica Bevölkerungsprognose population forecast previsione demografica mortality mortalità Sterblichkeit Lebenserwartung life expectancy speranza di vita infant mortality mortalità infantile Säuglingssterblichkeit Berufssterblichkeit occupational mortality mortalità professionale Geburtenhäufigkeit births natalità Gebärhäufigkeit fertility fecondità motherhood maternità Mutterschaft Heiratshäufigkeit marriage rate nuzialità Bevölkerungspolitik population policy politica demografica Geburtenpolitik birth policy politica di natalità geografische Verteilung der Bevölkerung geographical distribution of the population distribuzione geografica della popolazione Bevölkerungskonzentration concentration of the population concentrazione della popolazione population density densità di popolazione Bevölkerungsdichte Landbevölkerung rural population popolazione rurale landwirtschaftlicher Haushalt farm household famiglia contadina Stadtbevölkerung urban population popolazione urbana Stadt-Land-Verhältnis town-country relationship rapporto città-campagna Wohnsitz residence residenza wechselnder Aufenthaltsort residential mobility mobilità residenziale secondary residence residenza secondaria zweiter Wohnsitz Bevölkerungsentwicklung population dynamics dinamica della popolazione Entvölkerung depopulation spopolamento ageing of the population invecchiamento demografico Überalterung der Bevölkerung Untervölkerung underpopulation scarsa densità di popolazione Übervölkerung overpopulation sovrappopolazione Bevölkerungswachstum population growth aumento della popolazione Geburtenbilanz generation renewal ricambio generazionale Sozialer Rahmen social framework quadro sociale soziale Lage social situation situazione sociale sozioökonomische Verhältnisse socioeconomic conditions condizione socioeconomica Lebensbedingungen living conditions condizioni di vita quality of life qualità della vita Lebensqualität Gemeinwohl social well-being benessere sociale social norm norma sociale soziale Norm social analysis analisi sociologica gesellschaftliche Analyse sozialstatistische Erhebung social survey indagine sociale social indicator indicatore sociale Sozialindikator Meinungsumfrage opinion poll sondaggio di opinione soziale Auswirkungen social impact impatto sociale soziokulturelle Gruppe sociocultural group gruppo socioculturale ethnische Gruppe ethnic group gruppo etnico Zigeuner gypsy zingaro linguistic group gruppo linguistico sprachliche Gruppe religiöse Gruppe religious group gruppo religioso Jude Jew ebreo Christian cristiano Christ Muslim Muslim musulmano Buddhist Buddhist buddista Hindu Hindu induista Sozialstruktur social structure struttura sociale soziale Ungleichheit social inequality disuguaglianza sociale intellectual intellettuale Intelligenzschicht soziale Mobilität social mobility mobilità sociale sozial benachteiligte Klasse socially disadvantaged class categoria sociale svantaggiata sozialer Status social status stato sociale soziale Schicht social class classe sociale Lumpenproletariat sub-proletariat sottoproletariato ruling class classe dirigente Führungsschicht Unterschicht lower class ceto basso Mittelschicht middle class ceto medio Arbeiterschaft working class classe operaia Bauerntum peasant class classe contadina ceto alto Oberschicht upper class Leben in der Gesellschaft social affairs vita sociale Freizeit leisure tempo libero Spiel gaming gioco Glücksspiel game of chance gioco d'azzardo gaming establishment casa da gioco Spielunternehmen automatisiertes Spiel automatic game gioco automatico sport sport Sport Sporteinrichtung sports facilities attrezzatura sportiva sport fishing pesca sportiva Sportangeln Berufssport professional sport sport professionale Jagd hunting caccia Sportveranstaltung sporting event manifestazione sportiva Olympische Spiele Olympic games giochi olimpici Sportverband sports body organizzazione sportiva Tourismus tourism turismo Gaststättengewerbe catering industry industria della ristorazione Beruf im Gaststättengewerbe catering profession professioni della ristorazione hotel industry industria alberghiera Beherbergungsgewerbe Hotelfach hotel profession professioni alberghiere Verkehrsverein travel agency agenzia turistica Touristenströme tourist exchange scambio turistico ausländischer Tourismus foreign tourism turismo estero Fremdenverkehr in ländlichen Gebieten rural tourism turismo rurale infrastruttura turistica touristische Infrastruktur tourist infrastructure Fremdenverkehrsberuf tourist profession professioni del settore turistico tourism policy politica del turismo Fremdenverkehrspolitik Reiseverkehrsstatistik tourism statistics statistica del turismo Massentourismus mass tourism turismo di massa Reise travel viaggio Fahrgast traveller viaggiatore Camping camping campeggio Pilgerfahrt religious tourism turismo religioso Urlaub holiday ferie Staffelung der Ferientermine staggering of holidays scaglionamento delle ferie Freizeitpark leisure park parco dei divertimenti Zoologischer Garten zoo giardino zoologico Tierschau animal show spettacolo di animali social policy politica sociale Sozialpolitik Lage der Frauen position of women condizione della donna social cost costo sociale Sozialkosten Sozialrecht social legislation diritto sociale Sozialdumping social dumping dumping sociale Kinderbetreuung child care custodia dei bambini Behinderter disabled person disabile Körperbehinderter physically disabled handicappato fisico mentally disabled handicappato mentale geistig Behinderter Hilfsmittel für Behinderte facilities for the disabled agevolazioni per handicappati Selbstständigkeit von Behinderten independence of the disabled autonomia dei disabili soziale Integration der Behinderten integration of the disabled integrazione dei disabili soziale Integration social integration integrazione sociale lotta contro la criminalità Verbrechensbekämpfung fight against crime soziale Wiedereingliederung social rehabilitation reinserimento sociale social budget bilancio sociale Sozialbudget europäische Sozialpolitik European social policy politica sociale europea europäisches Sozialbudget European social budget bilancio sociale europeo European Social Charter Carta sociale europea Europäische Sozialcharta Gemeinschaftscharta der sozialen Grundrechte der Arbeitnehmer Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers Carta comunitaria dei diritti sociali fondamentali dei lavoratori europäischer Sozialraum European social area spazio sociale europeo Abkommen über die Sozialpolitik Social Policy Agreement accordo sociale CE Eindämmung der Kriminalität prevention of delinquency lotta contro la delinquenza Jugendschutz child protection protezione dell'infanzia Existenzminimum subsistence level income reddito minimo di sussistenza operatore sociale Sozialarbeiter social worker Jugendpolitik youth policy politica della gioventù social pact patto sociale Sozialpakt soziales Problem social problem problema sociale Straffälligkeit delinquency delinquenza Jugendkriminalität juvenile delinquency delinquenza giovanile hooliganism teppismo Hooliganismus Vandalismus vandalism vandalismo alcoholism alcolismo Alkoholismus Analphabetismus illiteracy analfabetismo Unbehagen der Jugend disaffection of young people malcontento giovanile soziale Ausgrenzung marginalisation esclusione sociale Prostitution prostitution prostituzione criminalità Kriminalität crime organisiertes Verbrechen organised crime criminalità organizzata Mafia Mafia mafia Obdachloser homelessness senzatetto sexual mutilation mutilazione sessuale sexuelle Verstümmelung Freitod suicide suicidio Nikotinsucht smoking tabagismo Rauschgiftsucht drug addiction tossicomania Gewalt violence violenza Jugendgewalt youth violence violenza giovanile Gewalt in der Schule violence at school violenza nelle scuole domestic violence violenza domestica häusliche Gewalt infortunio domestico Unfall im Haushalt accident in the home Doping performance drugs doping extremism estremismo Extremismus Pornografie pornography pornografia Kinderpornografie child pornography pornografia infantile Straßenkind street children bambino di strada Leben in der Gesellschaft social life vita sociale sozialer Konflikt social conflict conflitto sociale Klassenkampf class struggle lotta di classe social development sviluppo sociale soziale Entwicklung gute Sitten public morality moralità pubblica Teilnahme am sozialen Leben social participation partecipazione sociale Beteiligung der Frauen participation of women partecipazione delle donne social role ruolo sociale soziale Rolle zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen human relations rapporti umani ehrende Auszeichnung honour riconoscimento onorifico vita associativa Vereinsleben collective activities Kulturverband cultural organisation organizzazione culturale association associazione Vereinigung europäische Vereinigung European association associazione europea ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit voluntary work volontariato Wohlfahrtsverband voluntary organisation organizzazione senza fini lucrativi Kulturpreis cultural prize premio culturale bio-ethics bioetica Bioethik Organhandel trade in organs commercio di organi Geheimbund secret society società segreta Tod death morte Städtepartnerschaft twinning gemellaggio sozialer Wandel social change cambiamento sociale adattamento sociale soziale Anpassung social adjustment Sozialverhalten social behaviour comportamento sociale personal development sviluppo personale persönliche Entwicklung Kultur und Religion culture and religion cultura e religione Kultur culture cultura Volksbrauchtum popular culture cultura popolare cultural difference differenza culturale kultureller Unterschied kulturelle Vielfalt cultural pluralism pluralismo culturale Akkulturation acculturation acculturazione Regionalkultur regional culture cultura regionale kulturelle Identität cultural identity identità culturale europäische Identität European identity identità europea civiltà Zivilisation civilisation Kulturbewegung cultural movement movimento culturale cultural policy politica culturale Kulturpolitik künstlerisches Schaffen artistic creation creazione artistica dissemination of culture diffusione della cultura Kulturverbreitung Kulturindustrie culture industry industria culturale kulturelle Veranstaltung cultural event manifestazione culturale europäische Kulturveranstaltung European cultural event manifestazione culturale europea Museum museum museo kulturelles Erbe cultural heritage patrimonio culturale Kunstwerk work of art opera d'arte customs and traditions usi e costumi Sitten und Gebräuche architektonisches Erbe architectural heritage patrimonio architettonico Hymne anthem inno Flagge flag bandiera Kulturgut cultural object bene culturale commercio d’arte Kunsthandel art trade Monument monument monumento historic site sito storico historische Stätte protezione del patrimonio Schutz des kulturellen Erbes heritage protection kulturelle Beziehungen cultural relations relazione culturale Jugendaustausch youth exchange scheme scambio di giovani patronage mecenate Mäzenatentum literarisches und künstlerisches Eigentum literary and artistic property proprietà letteraria e artistica Gedächtnisfeier commemoration commemorazione kulturelle Ausnahme cultural exception eccezione culturale Werbung für Kulturveranstaltung cultural promotion promozione culturale Kunst arts arte Literatur literature letteratura music musica Musik Volkskunst popular art arte popolare Darstellende Künste performing arts arti dello spettacolo künstlerischer Beruf artistic profession professioni artistiche literarischer Beruf literary profession professioni letterarie arti visive visuelle Kunst visual arts Filmkunst cinema cinema schöne Künste fine arts belle arti Baukunst architecture architettura painting pittura Malerei Bildhauerei sculpture scultura Religion religion religione Hinduismus Hinduism induismo religious institution istituzione religiosa religiöse Einrichtung Islam Islam islam Judentum Judaism giudaismo religiöse Sekte religious sect setta religiosa Theologie theology teologia ateismo Atheismus atheism Kirche church chiesa Konzil ecclesiastical council concilio Buddhism buddismo Buddhismus Christentum Christianity cristianesimo Anglikanismus Anglicanism anglicanesimo Catholicism cattolicesimo Katholizismus orthodoxe Kirche Orthodoxy ortodossia Protestantismus Protestantism protestantesimo Klerus clergy clero religiöser Fundamentalismus religious fundamentalism integralismo religioso New-Age-Bewegung new religion nuova religione mitologia Mythologie mythology Naturreligion primitive religion religione primitiva sacred text testo sacro Heilige Schrift protezione sociale Sozialer Schutz social protection Urlaub aus sozialen Gründen leave on social grounds congedo per motivi sociali Krankheitsurlaub sick leave congedo per malattia maternity leave congedo per maternità Mutterschaftsurlaub Erziehungsurlaub parental leave congedo parentale Vaterschaftsurlaub paternity leave congedo di paternità welfare aiuto sociale Sozialhilfe Hilfe für sozial Benachteiligte aid to disadvantaged groups aiuto ai meno abbienti mutual assistance scheme mutualità sociale Sozialversicherung auf Gegenseitigkeit Sozialfürsorge social assistance assistenza sociale Sozialeinrichtung social facilities attrezzatura sociale Sozialarbeit social work lavoro sociale Haushaltshilfe home help aiuto a domicilio servizio sociale Sozialamt social services Betreuung von Pflegebedürftigen care of the disabled assistenza agli invalidi care for the elderly assistenza agli anziani Altenpflege soziale Sicherheit social security sicurezza sociale Sozialbeitrag social-security contribution contributo sociale social-security benefit prestazione sociale Sozialleistung Ergänzungsleistung additional benefit assegno complementare death grant assegno di morte Sterbegeld Mutterschaftsgeld maternity benefit assegno di maternità Leistung für Hinterbliebene survivor's benefit prestazione ai superstiti Familienleistung family benefit prestazione familiare Arbeitsunfallversicherung occupational accident insurance assicurazione infortuni sul lavoro assicurazione di disoccupazione Arbeitslosenversicherung unemployment insurance Invaliditätsversicherung disability insurance assicurazione per invalidità health insurance assicurazione malattia Krankenversicherung Altersversicherung pension scheme assicurazione per la vecchiaia Rentenhäufung cumulative pension entitlement cumulo delle pensioni supplementary pension pensione complementare Zusatzrente Übertragung des Rentenanspruchs transfer of pension rights trasferimento di diritti a pensione beitragslose Sozialleistung non-contributory benefit prestazione non contributiva Pflegegeld [V4.2] care allowance [V4.2] sussidio di assistenza [V4.2] Elternbeihilfe [V4.2] parental allowance [V4.2] indennità parentale [V4.2] Sozialversicherungsrecht social security legislation legislazione in materia di sicurezza sociale Harmonisierung der Sozialversicherung social-security harmonisation armonizzazione della sicurezza sociale Einwohnerkrankenversicherung universal health coverage assistenza sanitaria universale Gesundheit health salute Ernährung nutrition nutrizione Nahrungsmittelressourcen food resources risorse alimentari food hygiene igiene alimentare Ernährungshygiene menschliche Ernährung human nutrition alimentazione umana Lebensmittelrecht foodstuffs legislation legislazione alimentare Lebensmittelüberwachung food inspection ispezione degli alimenti food standard norma alimentare Lebensmittelnorm Nahrungsmittelknappheit food shortage penuria alimentare Hunger hunger fame undernourishment sottoalimentazione Unterernährung Ernährungspolitik food policy politica alimentare fabbisogno alimentare Nahrungsbedarf nutritional needs Nahrungsmittelvergiftung food poisoning intossicazione alimentare food safety sicurezza alimentare Lebensmittelsicherheit pharmaceutical industry industria farmaceutica pharmazeutische Industrie pharmazeutisches Erzeugnis pharmaceutical product prodotto farmaceutico Medikament medicament medicinale Antibiotikum antibiotic antibiotico over-the-counter drug medicinale in libera vendita frei verkäufliches Medikament generisches Arzneimittel generic drug farmaco generico hormone ormone Hormon Impfstoff vaccine vaccino Vitamin vitamin vitamina homöopathisches Erzeugnis homeopathic product prodotto omeopatico Psychopharmakon psychotropic substance sostanza psicotropa Betäubungsmittel narcotic stupefacente stimulant stimolante Anregungsmittel Tranquilizer tranquiliser tranquillante veterinary product prodotto veterinario tiermedizinisches Erzeugnis Tierarzneimittel veterinary drug medicinale veterinario Krankheit illness malattia Epidemie epidemic epidemia respiratory disease affezione delle vie respiratorie Erkrankung der Atemwege Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung cardiovascular disease malattia cardiovascolare endemische Krankheit endemic disease malattia endemica Infektionskrankheit contagious disease malattia infettiva sexuell übertragbare Krankheit sexually transmitted disease malattia sessualmente trasmissibile AIDS AIDS AIDS Geisteskrankheit mental illness malattia mentale malattia tropicale Tropenkrankheit tropical disease Krebs cancer cancro allergy allergia Allergie angeborene Krankheit congenital disease malattia congenita Ernährungskrankheit nutritional disease malattia della nutrizione Fehlernährung malnutrition denutrizione Hautkrankheit skin disease malattia della pelle Blutkrankheit blood disease malattia del sangue malattia del sistema digestivo Erkankung des Verdauungssystems gastrointestinal disease Erkrankung des Nervensystems neurological disease malattia del sistema nervoso endocrine disease malattia endocrina endokrine Erkrankung Diabetes diabetes diabete Unfallverletzung trauma trauma Zoonose zoonosis zoonosi chronische Krankheit chronic illness malattia cronica Nierenkrankheit kidney disease malattia renale Gesundheitspolitik health policy politica sanitaria Gesundheitskosten health costs costo della salute health expenditure spese sanitarie Gesundheitsausgabe Arzneikosten pharmaceutical expenses spese farmaceutiche hospital expenses spese ospedaliere Krankenhauskosten Gesundheitsdienst health service servizio sanitario medizinisches Zentrum medical centre centro medico medical institution istituto ospedaliero Krankenanstalt Nervenheilanstalt psychiatric institution istituto psichiatrico Gesundheitsorganisation organisation of health care organizzazione della sanità Gerontologie gerontology gerontologia pharmaceutical legislation legislazione farmaceutica Arzneimittelrecht pharmazeutische Nomenklatur drugs classification nomenclatura farmaceutica drug surveillance sorveglianza dei medicinali Arzneimittelüberwachung Krankheitsvorbeugung disease prevention prevenzione delle malattie Impfung vaccination vaccinazione schulärztliche Versorgung school medicine medicina scolastica Fürsorge für Mutter und Kind care of mothers and infants protezione della madre e del bambino Erste Hilfe first aid pronto soccorso libretto sanitario Gesundheitspass health card Krankenhausaufnahme hospitalisation ospedalizzazione Einweisung in eine Nervenheilanstalt psychiatric confinement internamento in ospedale psichiatrico medical and surgical instruments attrezzature medico-chirurgiche medizintechnische Ausrüstung Volksgesundheit public health sanità pubblica Gesundheitsrecht health legislation legislazione sanitaria Gesundheitsüberwachung health control controllo sanitario public hygiene igiene pubblica öffentliche Gesundheitspflege Gesundheitsrisiko health risk rischio sanitario Fortpflanzungsgesundheit reproductive health salute genesica Organverpflanzung organ transplant trapianto di organi Bluttransfusion blood transfusion trasfusione di sangue Unfallverhütung accident prevention prevenzione degli infortuni sanità mentale psychische Gesundheit mental health Gesundheitsversorgung health care trattamento sanitario häusliche Krankenpflege home care cura a domicilio nursing care trattamento infermieristico Krankenpflege Palliativmedizin palliative care cure palliative transport of patients trasporto di malati Krankentransport Medizinrecht medical law diritto sanitario Patientenrechte patient's rights diritti del malato ärztlicher Behandlungsfehler medical error errore medico living will testamento di vita medizinisches Testament Telemedizin telemedicine telemedicina Apotheke pharmacy centro farmaceutico Gesundheitsstatistik health statistics statistica della sanità Gesundheitssystem health care system sistema sanitario unentgeltliche medizinische Versorgung free medical care prestazioni sanitarie gratuite social medicine medicina sociale Sozialmedizin Privatmedizin private medical treatment medicina privata Kassenarztsystem standard agreement health care medicina convenzionata staatliche Gesundheitsbehörde State health service servizio sanitario nazionale medizinischer Beruf health care profession professione sanitaria nicht ärztlicher Heilberuf paramedical profession professioni paramediche Apotheker pharmacist farmacista dentist dentista Zahnarzt Arzt doctor medico Tierarzt veterinarian veterinario Hebamme midwife levatrice Chirurg surgeon chirurgo personale infermieristico Krankenpflegepersonal nursing staff nicht anerkannter Heilberuf practitioner of alternative medicine professioni mediche parallele medizinische Wissenschaften medical science scienze mediche Epidemiologie epidemiology epidemiologia Krankheitsüberträger disease vector vettore patologico immunology immunologia Immunologie Medizin medicine medicina alternative Medizin alternative medicine medicina dolce medical diagnosis diagnostica medica medizinische Diagnose Nuklearmedizin nuclear medicine medicina nucleare medizinische Untersuchung medical examination esame medico medizinische Daten medical data dati medici Gerichtsmedizin forensic medicine medicina legale specialità medica medizinisches Fachgebiet medical specialisation Psychiatrie psychiatry psichiatria gynaecology ginecologia Gynäkologie Neurologie neurology neurologia Pädiatrie paediatrics pediatria Zahnmedizin dental medicine odontoiatria Allgemeinmedizin general medicine medicina generale Notfallmedizin emergency medical treatment medicina di emergenza medical report perizia medica medizinisches Gutachten Anatomie anatomy anatomia medizinische Forschung medical research ricerca medica Therapeutik therapeutics terapeutica tossicologia Toxikologie toxicology Chirurgie surgery chirurgia Schönheitschirurgie aesthetic surgery chirurgia estetica construction and town planning urbanistica e edilizia Stadtplanung und Städtebau Ortschaft built-up area agglomerato ländliche Siedlung rural settlement agglomerato rurale urban centre agglomerato urbano städtische Siedlung Stadt town città Megalopolis megalopolis megalopoli metropolis metropoli Metropole Kleinstadt small town cittadina Mittelstadt medium-sized town città di medie dimensioni neue Stadt new town città nuova Satellitenstadt satellite town città satellite zona residenziale Wohngebiet residential area Stadtrandgebiet suburban area zona suburbana urban area zona urbana Stadtgebiet Fußgängerzone pedestrian zone zona pedonale deprived urban area zona urbana sfavorita benachteiligter Stadtbezirk Hauptstadt capital city città capitale habitat habitat Wohnmilieu ländliches Wohnmilieu rural habitat habitat rurale urban habitat habitat urbano städtisches Wohnmilieu Elendsviertel slum bidonville Immobilienvermietung property leasing locazione immobiliare Mietvertrag lease contratto di locazione Kündigungsrecht wegen Eigenbedarf right of repossession diritto di recesso length of lease durata della locazione Mietdauer gewerblicher Mietvertrag business lease locazione per uso commerciale Unterkunft housing abitazione Wohnungsrecht housing law legge sugli alloggi niedrige Miete low rent equo canone rent regulations regolamentazione degli affitti Mietordnung multi-storey dwelling condominio Mehrfamilienhaus Einfamilienhaus single-family housing abitazione individuale gesundheitsschädliche Wohnverhältnisse substandard housing alloggio insalubre Sozialwohnung subsidised housing casa popolare Wohngenossenschaft housing cooperative cooperativa locativa Baupolitik construction policy politica edilizia Baukosten construction costs costo di costruzione building subsidy aiuto alla costruzione Förderung von Baumaßnahmen Baugenehmigung building permit licenza edilizia Bauträger property development incentivazione immobiliare Bauordnung building regulations norme per l'edilizia Immobilienmarkt property market mercato immobiliare speculazione immobiliare Bodenspekulation building speculation Sicherheit von Gebäuden building safety sicurezza degli edifici Wohnungspolitik housing policy politica della casa Verbesserung des Wohnmilieus housing improvements miglioramento dell'habitat housing allocation assegnazione di alloggio Wohnungszuteilung Wohnungsbedarf housing need fabbisogno abitativo urbanistica Stadtplanung town planning städtische Wirtschaft urban economy economia urbana community facilities attrezzature collettive Gemeinschaftseinrichtung soziokulturelle Einrichtung sociocultural facilities attrezzature socioculturali public building edificio pubblico öffentliches Gebäude Parkplatz parking area area di parcheggio Friedhof cemetery cimitero Militärfriedhof [V4.2] military cemetery [V4.2] cimitero militare [V4.2] Autobusbahnhof bus station autostazione Grüngebiet green area spazio verde Grundstücksmarkt real estate market mercato fondiario Bebauungsplan town-planning scheme piano urbanistico städtebauliches Problem urban problem problema urbano disciplina urbanistica städtebauliche Vorschrift town-planning regulations Stadterneuerung urban renewal risanamento urbano urban construction edificio urbano Städtebau nicht bewilligtes Gebäude illegal building abusivismo edilizio städtische Infrastruktur urban infrastructure infrastruttura urbana Wasserversorgung water supply distribuzione idrica electricity supply distribuzione dell'elettricità Stromversorgung Straßen und Wege road services department rete viaria Gasversorgung gas supply distribuzione del gas Stadtplaner town-planning profession professioni urbanistiche Baugelände building plot suolo edificativo Parzellierung dividing up of land lottizzazione Industriegelände industrial plot terreno industriale urbanizzazione Verstädterung urbanisation Grundstückspreis price of land prezzo del terreno rural community collettività rurale Landgemeinde Stadtgemeinde urban community collettività urbana EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATIONS EDUCAZIONE ET COMUNICAZIONE BILDUNG UND KOMMUNIKATION Bildung education istruzione Bildung education istruzione Massenerziehung mass education istruzione di massa adult education istruzione degli adulti Erwachsenenbildung Ausländerbildung education of foreigners istruzione per stranieri Fortbildung continuing education istruzione permanente education policy politica dell'istruzione Bildungspolitik Bildungskosten education costs costo dell'istruzione access to education accesso all'istruzione Zugang zur Bildung Demokratisierung des Bildungswesens democratisation of education democratizzazione dell'istruzione Ausbildungsdauer length of studies durata degli studi vorzeitiger Schulabgang dropout abbandono scolastico vergleichende Erziehungswissenschaft comparative education istruzione comparata Gleichwertigkeit der Zeugnisse equivalence of diplomas equipollenza dei diplomi alfabetizzazione Alphabetisierung elimination of illiteracy Schulrecht school legislation legislazione scolastica educational planning pianificazione dell'istruzione Bildungsplanung Anerkennung der Zeugnisse recognition of diplomas riconoscimento dei diplomi Einschulung schooling scolarizzazione Schülerauslese selection of pupils selezione degli alunni Bildungshaushalt education budget bilancio dell'insegnamento scambio scolastico Austausch im Bildungswesen educational exchange Eurydice Eurydice Euridice recognition of studies riconoscimento degli studi Anrechnung der Schul- und Studienzeit Erziehungsstatistik education statistics statistica dell'istruzione Qualität des Unterrichts teaching quality qualità dell'insegnamento pädagogische Methode teaching method metodo pedagogico Privatunterricht home education istruzione a domicilio non-formal education educazione non formale außerschulische Bildung Fernunterricht distance learning insegnamento a distanza automatisierter Unterricht programmed learning insegnamento automatizzato neue Pädagogik new educational methods nuova pedagogia teaching insegnamento Unterrichtswesen Unterrichtswesen teaching insegnamento Konfessionsschule denominational education scuola confessionale free education scuola gratuita Schulgeldfreiheit konfessionell nicht gebundene Schule secular education insegnamento laico Schulpflicht compulsory education insegnamento obbligatorio Privatschulwesen private education istruzione privata öffentliches Schulwesen public education istruzione pubblica general education istruzione generale allgemein bildender Unterricht Kunsterziehung art education educazione artistica basic education istruzione di base Elementarunterricht Leibeserziehung physical education educazione fisica Gesundheitserziehung health education educazione sanitaria Sexualerziehung sex education educazione sessuale Sondererziehung special education istruzione speciale insegnamento delle lingue Sprachunterricht language teaching Fremdsprache foreign language lingua straniera mother tongue lingua materna Muttersprache fächerübergreifender Unterricht multidisciplinary education istruzione multidisciplinare scientific education istruzione scientifica wissenschaftlicher Unterricht Gemeinschaftskunde civics educazione civica Erziehungsaufsicht education of young offenders educazione correzionale berufsbildender Unterricht vocational education istruzione professionale Landwirtschaftsschule agricultural education istruzione agraria medical training istruzione medica medizinischer Unterricht Unterricht für arztähnliche Berufe paramedical training istruzione paramedica technischer Unterricht technical education istruzione tecnica Managementausbildung management training formazione alla gestione Lehrerbildung teacher training formazione degli insegnanti istruzione commerciale kaufmännisches Schulwesen commercial education Lehranstalt educational institution istituto di istruzione Auslandsschule school abroad scuola all'estero European school scuola europea Europäische Schule internationale Schule international school scuola internazionale nationale Schule national school scuola nazionale Internat boarding school internato scolastico Stufe des Bildungssystems level of education livello di insegnamento vorschulische Erziehung pre-school education istruzione prescolastica Vorschule nursery school scuola materna postgraduate education istruzione postuniversitaria postakademische Ausbildung Primarstufe primary education istruzione primaria Sekundarstufe secondary education istruzione secondaria Hochschulausbildung higher education insegnamento superiore Universität university università offene Universität open university università aperta Organisation des Unterrichtswesens organisation of teaching organizzazione scolastica Organisation des Unterrichtswesens organisation of teaching organizzazione scolastica schulpflichtiges Alter school age età scolare number of pupils popolazione scolastica Schülerzahl Berufsberatung vocational guidance orientamento professionale Schülerberatung educational guidance orientamento scolastico Unterrichtsprogramm teaching curriculum programma scolastico Bildungsreform educational reform riforma scolastica ordinamento scolastico Schulsystem educational system schulischer Zeitplan planning of the school year calendario scolastico distribution of schools mappa scolastica Schuldichte teaching materials materiale didattico Unterrichtsmaterial Schulbuch school textbook manuale scolastico teaching software software didattico Lernsoftware schulisches Arbeiten schoolwork compito scolastico Leistungskontrolle assessment controllo delle conoscenze diploma diploma schulischer Abschluss Prüfung examination esame Zulassung zur Prüfung admission to examinations ammissione agli esami schulische Wiedereingliederung re-integration into school reinserimento scolastico schulische Leistung school results risultato scolastico Zurückbleiben in der Schule backwardness at school ritardo scolastico acquisizione di conoscenze Wissenserwerb learning Schulanpassung adjustment to school adattamento scolastico schulisches Leben school life vita scolastica Verwaltung der Lehranstalt educational administration amministrazione scolastica school fees spese scolastiche Kosten des Schulbesuchs Unterrichtsbesuch school attendance frequenza scolastica Ausbildungsbeihilfe education grant assegno scolastico Schulaufsicht school inspection ispezione scolastica schulische Umgebung school environment ambiente scolastico Schüler pupil alunno teacher insegnante Lehrkraft Student student studente ausländischer Student foreign student studente straniero mobilità scolastica schulische Mobilität student mobility Beziehung Schule/Industrie school-industry relations rapporto scuola-industria school-working life relations rapporto scuola-vita professionale Beziehung Schule/Berufsleben Schulbusdienst school transport trasporto scolastico Schulkantine school canteen mensa scolastica Studentenheim student residence casa dello studente Dokumentation documentation documentazione Dokument document documento Pressekommuniqué press release comunicato stampa correspondence corrispondenza Korrespondenz Wörterbuch dictionary dizionario Rede speech discorso öffentliche Erklärung public statement dichiarazione pubblica audiovisuelles Dokument audiovisual document documento audiovisivo amtliches Dokument official document documento ufficiale Parlamentsdokument parliamentary document documento parlamentare Official Journal gazzetta ufficiale Amtsblatt Amtsblatt EU EU Official Journal Gazzetta ufficiale UE modulo Formular form graue Literatur grey literature letteratura grigia microform micromodulo Mikroform Jahrbuch yearbook annuario Monografie monograph monografia Veröffentlichung publication pubblicazione Veröffentlichung der Gemeinschaft Community publication pubblicazione comunitaria Bericht report relazione Tätigkeitsbericht annual report relazione d'attività research report relazione di ricerca Forschungsbericht atlante Atlas atlas mehrsprachiges Wörterbuch multilingual dictionary dizionario multilingue dictionary of abbreviations dizionario delle abbreviazioni Abkürzungswörterbuch Enzyklopädie encyclopaedia enciclopedia periodische Veröffentlichung periodical publication rivista periodica Zeitung newspaper giornale Dokumentationswerkzeug documentary tool strumento di documentazione Verzeichnis directory repertorio thesaurus thesaurus Thesaurus Bibliografie bibliography bibliografia Katalog catalogue catalogo tesi Hochschulschrift thesis Biografie biography biografia conference proceedings atto congressuale Kongressakte Handbuch guide guida Reiseführer tourist guide guida turistica Pontifikalakt papal act atto pontificio studio comparativo vergleichende Studie comparative study Fallstudie case study studio di fattispecie cronistoria chronologische Entwicklung historical account Zitat quote citazione commentary on a law commento di una legge Gesetzeskommentar elektronisches Dokument electronic document documento elettronico Abbildung graphic illustration illustrazione grafica incunabolo Inkunabel incunabula Manifest manifesto manifesto manoscritto Handschrift manuscript Karte plan piano documentation documentazione Dokumentation Informationsverbreitung dissemination of information diffusione delle informazioni selektive Informationsverbreitung selective dissemination of information diffusione selettiva di informazioni documentary reference recording registrazione di documenti Dokumentenerfassung Dokumentenlieferung supplying of documents fornitura di documenti Informationsanalyse information analysis analisi delle informazioni Zusammenfassung summarising sintesi di testi document indexing indicizzazione di documenti Dokumentenindexierung Katalogisierung cataloguing catalogazione Klassifikation classification classificazione dokumentarische Recherche document retrieval ricerca documentaria Speicherung von Dokumenten document storage creazione di archivi di documenti acquisizione di documenti Dokumentenerwerb document acquisition Austausch von Veröffentlichungen exchange of publications scambio di pubblicazioni Dokumentenmanagement document management gestione di documenti EDV EDM GED OCR OCR OCR digitisation numerizzazione Digitalisierung Dokumentationssystem information service sistema documentario Diskothek record library discoteca toy library ludoteca Ludothek Archiv archives archivio Informationsnutzer information user utilizzatore di informazioni Bibliothek library biblioteca Jugendbücherei children's library biblioteca per la gioventù national library biblioteca nazionale Staatsbibliothek öffentliche Bibliothek public library biblioteca pubblica wissenschaftliche Bibliothek scientific library biblioteca scientifica Universitätsbibliothek university library biblioteca universitaria virtuelle Bibliothek virtual library biblioteca virtuale biblioteca parlamentare Parlamentsbibliothek parliamentary library Informationsbüro information centre centro d'informazione centro di documentazione Dokumentationsstelle documentation centre Mediathek media library mediateca video library videoteca Videothek Kommunikation communications comunicazione Kommunikationsindustrie communications industry industria delle comunicazioni Verlagswesen publishing editoria Verlag publisher casa editrice publishing deadline termine per l'edizione Erscheinungsfrist amtliche Hinterlegung legal deposit deposito legale elektronische Publikation electronic publishing pubblicazione elettronica film industry industria cinematografica Filmindustrie Kinoproduktion film production produzione cinematografica Industrie der audiovisuellen Medien audiovisual industry industria degli audiovisivi Telekommunikationsindustrie telecommunications industry industria delle telecomunicazioni Buchindustrie book trade industria libraria Druckerei printing industria tipografica Buchhandlung bookshop libreria professioni del settore delle comunicazioni Beruf in der Kommunikationsbranche communications profession Programmindustrie programmes industry industria dei programmi audiovisuelles Programm audiovisual programme programma audiovisivo audiovisual production produzione audiovisiva audiovisuelle Produktion audiovisuelle Koproduktion audiovisual co-production coproduzione audiovisiva information technology tecnologia dell'informazione Informationstechnologie means of communication mezzo di comunicazione Kommunikationsmittel Massenmedium mass media mezzo di comunicazione di massa Presse press stampa Presseagentur press agency agenzia di stampa political press stampa politica politische Presse Presseunternehmen press undertaking società editoriale wissenschaftliche Presse scientific press stampa scientifica broadcasting radiotrasmissioni Hörfunk kommerzielles Massenmedium commercial media mass media commerciali lokales Massenmedium local media mass media locali privates Massenmedium private media mass media privati Fernsehen television televisione europaweites Fernsehen European television televisione europea pay television televisione a pagamento Pay-TV Kabelfernsehen cable distribution televisione via cavo hochauflösendes Fernsehen high-definition television televisione ad alta definizione banda di frequenze Wellenbereich waveband Kommunikationspolitik communications policy politica della comunicazione Massenkommunikation mass communications comunicazione di massa control of communications controllo della comunicazione Kommunikationskontrolle Informationsmonopol monopoly of information monopolio dell'informazione censorship censura Zensur Desinformation disinformation disinformazione Publicrelations public relations pubbliche relazioni Politik im audiovisuellen Bereich audiovisual communications policy politica dell'audiovisivo audiovisuelle Piraterie audiovisual piracy pirateria audiovisiva European audiovisual area spazio audiovisivo europeo europäischer audiovisueller Raum freie Verbreitung von Programmen free movement of programmes libera circolazione dei programmi Telekommunikationstarif communications tariff tariffa delle comunicazioni Posttarif postal charges tariffa postale Medienpluralismus pluralism in the media pluralismo dei media Audio- und Videogerät audiovisual equipment materiale audiovisivo Aufnahmegerät recording equipment apparecchio di registrazione radio equipment apparecchio radio Rundfunksender und -empfänger Fernsehgerät television equipment apparecchio televisivo Tonwiedergabegerät sound reproduction equipment apparecchio di riproduzione del suono Speichermedium recording medium supporto di registrazione optischer Datenträger optical medium supporto ottico magnetic medium supporto magnetico magnetischer Informationsträger beschriebenes Speichermedium recording supporto registrato Videoplatte video disc videodisco video cassette videocassetta Videokassette Schallplatte record disco Kassette audio cassette audiocassetta Kommunikationssystem communications systems sistema di comunicazione Post- und Fernmeldewesen postal and telecommunications services poste e telecomunicazioni Postdienst postal service servizio postale telecommunications telecomunicazione Telekommunikation Kommunikation über Satellit satellite communications comunicazione via satellite electronic mail posta elettronica elektronische Post Telekonferenz videophone conference teleconferenza Videotex Videotex videotex Fernsehtext broadcast videography videotex trasmesso interactive videotex videotex interattivo interaktiver Videotex Fernmeldegerät telecommunications equipment materiale per le telecomunicazioni drahtlose Nachrichtenübermittlung radio telecommunications telecomunicazioni senza filo modem modem Modem Parabolantenne parabolic aerial antenna parabolica Telekopie facsimile telecopia telegrafo Telegrammdienst telegraph Telefon telephone telefono Mobiltelefon mobile phone telefono mobile telex telex Telexdienst Datenübertragung data transmission trasmissione dei dati grenzüberschreitender Datenverkehr cross-frontier data flow flusso transfrontaliero di dati transmission network rete di trasmissione Übertragungsnetz interaktives Netz interactive network rete interattiva Teletex Teletex teletex Videokommunikation video communications videocomunicazione Video-Überwachung video surveillance videosorveglianza Internet Internet Internet Intranet intranet intranet extranet extranet Extranet Browser browser software di navigazione Internet-Provider Internet access provider fornitore di accesso a Internet Internetbenutzer web surfer internauta Suchmaschine search engine motore di ricerca sito Internet Website Internet site Forum forum forum Internet address [V4.2] indirizzo Internet [V4.2] Internetadresse [V4.2] regolamentazione delle telecomunicazioni Regelung im Telekommunikationswesen regulation of telecommunications Telekommunikationspolitik telecommunications policy politica delle telecomunicazioni Information und Informationsverarbeitung information and information processing informazione ed elaborazione dell'informazione Information information informazione Abruf von Information consultation of information consultazione di informazioni information transfer scambio d'informazioni Informationsaustausch Reproduktion duplicating riproduzione Informationsnetz information network rete d'informazione Datenautobahn information highway autostrada dell'informazione Beruf in der Informationsbranche information profession professioni dell'informazione Informationsquelle source of information fonte d'informazione supporto d'informazione Informationsträger information medium Informationssystem information system sistema di informazione display affissione Aushang information policy politica dell'informazione Informationspolitik Informationszugang access to information accesso all'informazione Vertraulichkeit confidentiality carattere confidenziale Staatsgeheimnis State secret segreto di Stato limited circulation diffusione limitata eingeschränkte Verbreitung digitale Kluft [V4.2] digital divide [V4.2] divario digitale [V4.2] information industry industria dell'informazione Informationsindustrie Informationsrecht law relating to information legislazione in materia di informazione Zentralisierung von Informationen centralisation of information centralizzazione delle informazioni Informationsgesellschaft information society società dell'informazione Informationsverarbeitung information processing elaborazione delle informazioni Dolmetschen interpreting interpretazione artificial intelligence intelligenza artificiale künstliche Intelligenz Terminologie terminology terminologia Übersetzen translation traduzione Transliteration transliteration traslitterazione automatische Übersetzung machine translation traduzione automatica intelligenza economica Wirtschaftsinformation economic intelligence Popularisierung wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse popularising science volgarizzazione scientifica informatica e trattamento dei dati Informatik information technology and data processing Datenverarbeitungsindustrie information technology industry industria dell'informatica Software software software Programmiersprache programming language linguaggio di programmazione operating system sistema di elaborazione Betriebssystem Datenbankverwaltungssystem database management system sistema di gestione di base dati Computervirus computer virus virus informatico computer equipment attrezzatura informatica Datenverarbeitungsanlage Computer computer calcolatore elettronico Personal Computer micro-computer microelaboratore peripheral unità periferica Peripherieeinheit Bildschirm screen schermo printer stampante Drucker Wiedergabegerät disc drive lettore di dischi Scanner scanner scanner Erweiterungsplatine expansion card scheda di espansione computer systems informatica Informatik und Datenverarbeitung angewandte Informatik computer applications informatica applicata Datenverarbeitung in der Verwaltung business data processing informatica gestionale information storage and retrieval informatica documentaria dokumentarische Datenverarbeitung Datenverarbeitung in der Industrie industrial data processing informatica industriale Robotertechnik robotics robotica computer assisted manufacturing fabbricazione computerizzata computergestützte Fertigung Datenverarbeitung in der Medizin medical computing informatica medica Datenverarbeitung im privaten Bereich home computing informatica domestica Büroautomation office automation burotica Textverarbeitung word processing trattamento testi computer assisted publishing pubblicazione da supporto informatico rechnergestützte Publikation Tabellenkalkulationsprogramm spreadsheet tabulatrice informatica giuridica Rechtsinformatik legal data processing wissenschaftliche Berechnung scientific calculation calcolo scientifico computer assisted design progettazione al calcolatore computergestützter Entwurf information technology profession professioni del settore informatico Informatikberuf Telematik telematics telematica Auswirkung der Informatik impact of information technology impatto dell'informatica virtuelle Realität virtual reality realtà virtuale Bildsynthese picture synthesis immagine di sintesi ipermedia Hypermedia hypermedia Multimedia multimedia multimedia hypertext ipertesto Hypertext Merkmal der Interaktivität interactivity interattività Datenrecht data-processing law diritto informatico Computerkriminalität computer crime criminalità informatica Computer-Piraterie computer piracy pirateria informatica Datenverarbeitung dataprocessing trattamento dei dati Datenerfassung data recording registrazione dei dati information storage memorizzazione dei dati Datenspeicherung Datenbasis database base di dati Hostbetreiber on line data service centro ospite di banche dati Datensicherung data protection protezione dei dati Datenübermittlung disclosure of information comunicazione dei dati persönliche Daten personal data dati personali codifica Kodierung coding Verschlüsselung cryptography crittografia Datenerhebung data collection raccolta dei dati Fernerkundung remote sensing telerilevamento downloading alimentazione a distanza Fernladen von Programmen Datenverarbeitungssystem computer system sistema informatico Rechenzentrum computer centre centro di calcolo information technology applications applicazione dell'informatica Informatikanwendung Systemverbund systems interconnection interconnessione di sistemi Informatiknetz computer network rete informatica lokales Netz local area network rete locale network server server Netz-Server EDV-Terminal computer terminal terminale informatico EDV-Benutzer information technology user utilizzatore dell'informatica Benutzerunterstützung help desk supporto per l'utilizzatore WISSENSCHAFTEN SCIENCE SCIENZE Naturwissenschaften und angewandte Wissenschaften natural and applied sciences scienze naturali e applicate biologische Naturwissenschaften life sciences scienze biologiche Ökologie ecology ecologia parasitology parassitologia Parasitologie Pharmakologie pharmacology farmacologia Biologie biology biologia Histologie histology istologia neurobiology neurobiologia Neurobiologie Zoologie zoology zoologia Botanik botany botanica Zytologie cytology citologia Radiobiologie radiobiology radiobiologia embrione e feto Embryo und Fetus embryo and foetus Genetik genetics genetica DNS DNA DNA eugenics eugenetica Eugenik microorganism microrganismo Mikroorganismus Stammzelle [V4.2] stem cell [V4.2] cellula staminale [V4.2] physical sciences scienze fisiche exakte Naturwissenschaften Elektronik electronics elettronica nuclear physics fisica nucleare Kernphysik Elementarteilchen fundamental particle particella elementare atom atomo Atom Akustik acoustics acustica Optik optics ottica Aerodynamik aerodynamics aerodinamica Thermodynamik thermodynamics termodinamica fisica del plasma Plasmaphysik plasma physics Laserphysik laser physics fisica laser ionising radiation radiazione ionizzante ionisierende Strahlung Spektrometrie spectrometry spettrometria Chemie chemistry chimica Elektrochemie electrochemistry elettrochimica photochemistry fotochimica Fotochemie Biochemie biochemistry biochimica Enzym enzyme enzima analytische Chemie analytical chemistry chimica analitica angewandte Wissenschaften applied sciences scienze applicate Agronomie agronomy agronomia electrotechnology elettrotecnica Elektrotechnik Mathematik mathematics matematica personenbezogene Biometrik biometrics biometria Metrologie metrology metrologia Kybernetik cybernetics cibernetica Informationswissenschaft information science scienze dell'informazione chimica industriale Industriechemie industrial chemistry Geowissenschaften earth sciences geoscienze Geografie geography geografia Wirtschaftsgeografie economic geography geografia economica political geography geografia politica politische Geografie Kartografie cartography cartografia Kulturgeografie cultural geography geografia culturale Humangeografie human geography geografia umana Regionalgeografie regional geography geografia regionale sistema di informazione geografica geografisches Informationssystem geographical information system historische Geografie historical geography geografia storica geology geologia Geologie Geochemie geochemistry geochimica geophysics geofisica Geophysik Hydrogeologie hydrogeology idrogeologia Mineralogie mineralogy mineralogia Petrologie petrology petrologia Seismik seismology sismologia vulcanologia Vulkanologie volcanology Sedimentologie sedimentology sedimentologia Hydrologie hydrology idrologia Meteorologie meteorology meteorologia Klimatologie climatology climatologia Bioklimatologie bioclimatology bioclimatologia Ozeanografie oceanography oceanografia Bodenkunde soil science scienza del terreno Bodenanalyse soil analysis analisi del terreno soil chemistry chimica del terreno Bodenchemie Bodentypen soil type tipo di terreno geomorfologia Geomorphologie geomorphology wissenschaftliches Risikomanagement cindynics cindinica Weltraumwissenschaft space science scienze spaziali Astronomie astronomy astronomia Kosmologie cosmology cosmologia astronautics astronautica Navigation von Raumschiffen humanities scienze umane Geisteswissenschaften Verhaltenswissenschaften behavioural sciences scienza del comportamento Kriminologie criminology criminologia psychology psicologia Psychologie Sexualität sexuality sessualità psychometric test [V4.2] test psicometrico [V4.2] psychometrischer Test [V4.2] Psychoanalyse psychoanalysis psicanalisi social sciences scienze sociali Sozialwissenschaften Ethnologie ethnology etnologia Ethnografie ethnography etnografia history storia Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichte des klassischen Altertums ancient history storia antica contemporary history storia contemporanea Geschichte der Gegenwart Geschichte des Mittelalters medieval history storia medievale Geschichte der Neuzeit modern history storia moderna Vorgeschichte prehistory preistoria Weltgeschichte world history storia universale Sprachwissenschaft linguistics linguistica Sprache language linguaggio Mehrsprachigkeit multilingualism poliglottismo bilingualism bilinguismo Zweisprachigkeit living language lingua viva lebende Sprache europäische Sprache European language lingua europea minority language lingua minoritaria Minderheitssprache außereuropäische Sprache non-European language lingua non europea Regionalsprache regional language lingua regionale Sprachpolitik [V4.2] language policy [V4.2] politica linguistica [V4.2] Philosophie philosophy filosofia Ethik ethics etica Archäologie archaeology archeologia Verwaltungswissenschaft administrative science scienze amministrative scienze economiche Wirtschaftswissenschaft economics politische Wissenschaft political science scienze politiche sociology sociologia Soziologie Arbeitssoziologie industrial sociology sociologia del lavoro rural sociology sociologia rurale Soziologie ländlicher Gemeinden Soziologie städtischer Gemeinden urban sociology sociologia urbana Erziehungssoziologie sociology of education sociologia dell'educazione politische Soziologie political sociology sociologia politica BUSINESS AND COMPETITION IMPRESA E CONCORRENZA UNTERNEHMEN UND WETTBEWERB Unternehmensorganisation business organisation organizzazione aziendale Konzentration wirtschaftlicher Macht economic concentration concentrazione economica Mischkonzern conglomerate conglomerato merger fusione d'imprese Fusion von Unternehmen grenzüberschreitende Unternehmensfusion international merger fusione internazionale Unternehmensgruppe group of companies gruppo di società öffentliches Übernahmeangebot takeover bid offerta pubblica di acquisto Beteiligung shareholding partecipazione gemeinsame Tochtergesellschaft joint subsidiary filiale comune holding company holding Holding Unternehmensspaltung demerger scissione di imprese company law diritto delle società Gesellschaftsrecht Gesellschafterschutz protection of shareholders tutela dei soci Unternehmenspolitik business policy politica dell'impresa Wettbewerbsfähigkeit competitiveness competitività inter-company cooperation cooperazione tra imprese zwischenbetriebliche Zusammenarbeit zwischenbetriebliche Vereinbarung inter-company agreement accordo tra imprese Unternehmensleitung company management direzione aziendale Unternehmensführungskultur corporate governance direzione d'azienda Betriebswirtschaft business administration economia aziendale Ansiedlung neuer Aktivitäten business location insediamento di attività Betriebsmodernisierung company modernisation ammodernamento di impresa trasferimento d'impresa Unternehmensverlagerung transfer of businesses Unternehmensgründung business start-up creazione di imprese social labelling marchio sociale Sozialgütesiegel soziale Verantwortung von Unternehmen [V4.2] corporate social responsibility [V4.2] responsabilità sociale dell'impresa [V4.2] Organisationskultur [V4.2] organisational culture [V4.2] cultura dell'organizzazione [V4.2] Verlagerung [V4.2] offshoring [V4.2] delocalizzazione [V4.2] Verwaltungsberuf administrative personnel professioni amministrative Büroangestellter office worker impiegato di concetto secretarial staff personale di segreteria Sekretariatspersonal leitender Verwaltungsangestellter manager quadri amministrativi Unternehmensstruktur company structure struttura dell'impresa Verwaltungsrat board of directors consiglio d'amministrazione establishment stabilimento Niederlassung Auslandsvertretung agency abroad agenzia all'estero regional agency agenzia regionale Gebietsvertretung Tochtergesellschaft subsidiary filiale Unternehmenssitz head office sede sociale Muttergesellschaft parent company società madre Zweigniederlassung branch succursale Gesellschafter company member socio Aktionär shareholder azionista Unternehmer entrepreneur imprenditore Unternehmensleiter managing director direttore di impresa Bestehen des Unternehmens business activity vita aziendale Gesellschaftsgründung incorporation costituzione di società Eintragung ins Handelsregister registration of a company registrazione di società share capital capitale sociale Gesellschaftskapital Kapitalerhöhung capital increase aumento di capitale liquidation liquidazione di società Gesellschaftsauflösung Konkurs bankruptcy fallimento receivership liquidazione dei beni Vermögensauseinandersetzung Firmenbezeichnung business name ragione sociale Betriebseinstellung cessation of trading cessazione d'attività Zahlungseinstellung suspension of payments cessazione dei pagamenti gerichtliches Vergleichsverfahren composition amministrazione controllata Unternehmen in Schwierigkeiten company in difficulties impresa in difficoltà crescita dell'impresa Steigerung der Unternehmenstätigkeiten company growth Unternehmergeist entrepreneurship spirito d'impresa company buyout acquisizione d'impresa Unternehmensübernahme wirtschaftliche Moral business morals moralità della vita economica business classification tipo d'impresa Unternehmensarten Unternehmensgröße size of business dimensioni dell'impresa Großunternehmen large business grande impresa small and medium-sized enterprises piccole e medie imprese kleine und mittlere Unternehmen mittleres Unternehmen medium-sized business media impresa small business piccola impresa Kleinunternehmen Kleinstunternehmen micro-enterprise microimpresa type of business impresa Unternehmen Handwerksbetrieb craft business impresa artigiana joint venture impresa comune gemeinsames Unternehmen ausländisches Unternehmen foreign enterprise impresa estera europäisches Unternehmen European undertaking impresa europea Familienunternehmen family business impresa familiare Einzelunternehmen sole proprietorship impresa individuale impresa multinazionale multinationales Unternehmen multinational enterprise privates Unternehmen private sector impresa privata public sector impresa pubblica öffentliches Unternehmen transnationales Unternehmen transnational corporation impresa transnazionale Eingliederungsunternehmen reintegration enterprise impresa d'inserimento Tätigkeitsbereich des Unternehmens branch of activity attività dell'impresa Handelsunternehmen distribution business impresa commerciale rental business impresa di noleggio Leasingunternehmen Treuhandgesellschaft trust company impresa fiduciaria Immobiliengesellschaft real estate business impresa immobiliare Industrieunternehmen industrial enterprise impresa industriale Dienstleistungsunternehmen services company società di servizi Start-Up-Unternehmen startup business giovane impresa Rechtsform einer Gesellschaft legal form of organisations forma giuridica di società Gesellschaft organisation società Genossenschaft cooperative cooperativa europäische Genossenschaft European cooperative cooperativa europea institution of public utility ente di pubblica utilità gemeinnützige Anstalt wirtschaftliche Interessengemeinschaft Economic Interest Grouping gruppo d'interesse economico europäische wirtschaftliche Interessenvereinigung European Economic Interest Grouping gruppo europeo di interesse economico gemeinnütziges Unternehmen partly nationalised undertaking impresa d'interesse collettivo Gemeinschaftsunternehmen consortium società consortili Gesellschaft des bürgerlichen Rechts civil-law association società privata Gemeinschaftspraxis professional partnership società privata professionale società commerciale Handelsgesellschaft firm governed by commercial law GmbH private limited company società a responsabilità limitata company with share capital società di capitali Kapitalgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft public limited company società per azioni investment company società d'investimento Kapitalanlagegesellschaft Personengesellschaft partnership società di persone Kommanditgesellschaft limited partnership società in accomandita gemischtwirtschaftliche Gesellschaft mixed-ownership company società d'economia mista undisclosed partnership società in partecipazione stille Gesellschaft europäische Gesellschaft European company società europea Gesellschaft ohne Gewinnzweck non-profit organisation società senza fini di lucro Stiftung foundation fondazione Unternehmensverwaltung management gestione amministrativa Management management gestione Unternehmensführung business management gestione d'impresa logistics gestione del materiale Materialverwaltung Beschlussfassung decision-making processo decisionale Aktionsprogramm action programme programma d'azione Durchführbarkeitsstudie feasibility study studio di fattibilità project evaluation valutazione di progetto Projektanalyse Durchführung eines Projektes project management esecuzione di progetto Vorrat reserves riserve Mindestlagerbestände minimum stock scorte minime verifica ispettiva Rechnungsprüfung audit Wissensmanagement knowledge management gestione delle conoscenze geistiges Kapital [V4.2] intellectual capital [V4.2] capitale intellettuale [V4.2] financial management gestione finanziaria Finanzgebaren Bilanzanalyse balance-sheet analysis analisi dei bilanci financial analysis analisi finanziaria Finanzanalyse Finanzbedarf financial requirements fabbisogno finanziario Managementtechnik management techniques tecnica di gestione Wirtschaftlichkeitskontrolle management audit controllo di gestione management planning gestione previsionale Management by Objectives Organigramm organisation chart organigramma Management-Informationssystem management information system sistema d'informazione manageriale Qualtitätszirkel quality control circle circolo di qualità Betriebliches Rechnungswesen accounting gestione contabile Buchführung accounting contabilità allgemeine Buchhaltung financial accounting contabilità generale Wertminderung des Kapitals capital depreciation svalutazione del capitale working capital capitale circolante Betriebsmittel Abschreibung amortisation ammortamento Handelsspanne trading margin margine commerciale Wertschöpfung added value valore aggiunto Bilanz balance sheet bilancio di società capitale industriale Industriekapital industrial capital accountant contabile Buchhalter Konto account conto konsolidiertes Konto consolidated account conto consolidato trading account conto esercizio Betriebskonto Betriebsrücklage provision riserva contabile Betriebsergebnis operating result risultato dell'esercizio Defizit loss disavanzo expenditure spesa Ausgabe finanzieller Verlust financial loss perdita finanziaria Einnahme revenue entrata Gewinn profit utile Cash Flow cash flow cash flow Umsatz turnover giro d'affari management accounting gestione contabile betriebliches Rechnungswesen Fakturierung invoicing fatturazione accounting entry imputazione contabile Verbuchung Kostenanalyse cost analysis analisi dei costi Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse cost-benefit analysis analisi costi-benefici cost-effectiveness analysis analisi costo-efficienza Kosten-Wirksamkeits-Analyse Produktivität productivity produttività profitability redditività Rentabilität Zahlung payment pagamento Vorauszahlung advance payment pagamento anticipato deadline for payment termine di pagamento Zahlungsfrist Veröffentlichung der Konten publication of accounts pubblicità dei conti Buchprüfung auditing verifica dei conti calcolo dei costi Kostenrechnung costing Ausrüstungskosten equipment cost costo degli impianti investment cost costo d'investimento Anlagekosten Kapitalkosten cost of capital costo del capitale Vertriebskosten distribution cost costo di distribuzione Betriebsbereitschaftskosten operating cost costo d'esercizio Produktionskosten production cost costo di produzione costo di magazzino Lagerkosten storage cost direkte Kosten direct cost costi diretti wage cost costi salariali Lohnkosten Gemeinkosten overheads spese generali Rechnungsabschluss closing of accounts chiusura dei conti Wettbewerb competition concorrenza Wettbewerbsrecht competition law norme giuridiche sulla concorrenza Fusionskontrolle merger control controllo delle concentrazioni anti-dumping legislation legislazione antidumping Antidumpinggesetzgebung Antidumpingzoll anti-dumping duty dazio antidumping anti-dumping measure misura antidumping Antidumpingmaßnahme Antitrustgesetzgebung anti-trust legislation legislazione antitrust Antisubventionsverfahren anti-subsidy proceeding procedimento antisovvenzioni Kartellgesetzgebung control of restrictive practices regolamentazione delle intese Kartellanmeldung restrictive-practice notification dichiarazione d'intesa exemption from restrictive-practice authorisation esenzione dall'autorizzazione d'intesa Befreiung von der Genehmigungspflicht Kartellgenehmigung restrictive-practice authorisation autorizzazione d'intesa Kontrolle der staatlichen Beihilfen control of State aid controllo degli aiuti di Stato restrictive trade practice intesa Kartellabsprache horizontaler Zusammenschluss horizontal agreement intesa orizzontale Marktaufteilung market-sharing agreement ripartizione di mercato cartel cartello Kartell unlawful agreement intesa illecita verbotenes Kartell internationales Kartell international cartel intesa internazionale vertikaler Zusammenschluss vertical agreement intesa verticale Verkaufskontor tied sales outlet agenzia di vendita exclusive distribution agreement distribuzione esclusiva Alleinvertrieb Vermarktungsbeschränkung marketing restriction limitazione della commercializzazione Spezialisierungsvereinbarung specialisation agreement accordo di specializzazione selektiver Vertrieb selective distribution agreement distribuzione selettiva exklusiver Einkauf exclusive purchasing agreement acquisto esclusivo Trust trust trust Wettbewerbspolitik competition policy politica della concorrenza Wettbewerb competition concorrenza internationaler Wettbewerb international competition concorrenza internazionale free competition libera concorrenza freier Wettbewerb Wettbewerbsbeschränkung restriction on competition restrizione alla concorrenza Dumping dumping dumping monopoly monopolio Monopol Nachfragemonopol monopsony monopolio d'acquisto State monopoly monopolio di Stato Staatsmonopol Einfuhrmonopol import monopoly monopolio dell'importazione Wettbewerbsverbot non-competition clause obbligo di non concorrenza Oligopol oligopoly oligopolio Oligopson oligopsony oligopsonio marktbeherrschende Stellung dominant position posizione dominante accordo sui prezzi Preisabsprache price agreement unlautere Werbung advertising malpractice pubblicità abusiva refusal to bid rifiuto d'offerta Ablehnung eines Angebots Verkaufsverweigerung refusal to sell rifiuto di vendita Selbstbeschränkung voluntary restraint autolimitazione vergleichende Werbung comparative advertising pubblicità comparativa BESCHÄFTIGUNG UND ARBEIT EMPLOYMENT AND WORKING CONDITIONS OCCUPAZIONE E LAVORO Beschäftigung employment occupazione berufliche Bildung vocational training formazione professionale Bildungsurlaub training leave congedo per formazione in-service training formazione sul posto di lavoro Ausbildung am Arbeitsplatz Lehre apprenticeship tirocinio professionale berufliche Weiterbildung updating of skills riqualificazione professionale Berufspraktikum traineeship tirocinio di formazione ständige berufliche Weiterbildung continuing vocational training formazione professionale continua Lernmethode [V4.2] learning technique [V4.2] metodo di apprendimento [V4.2] Memotechnik [V4.2] mnemonics [V4.2] metodo mnemotecnico [V4.2] speed reading [V4.2] metodo di lettura rapida [V4.2] Schnelllesen [V4.2] condotta di riunione Sitzungsvorsitz conduct of meetings Redegewandtheit communication skills pratica di comunicazione negotiation skills pratica di negoziato Verhandlungsgeschick Gewandtheit im schriftlichen Ausdruck writing skills pratica di redazione employment policy politica occupazionale Beschäftigungspolitik Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen job creation creazione di posti di lavoro örtliche Arbeitsplatzinitiative local employment initiative iniziativa locale per l'occupazione access to a profession accesso alla professione Zugang zum Beruf Pflichtplatz designated employment impiego riservato Erhaltung von Arbeitsplätzen job preservation conservazione del posto di lavoro Arbeitserlaubnis work permit permesso di lavoro Vollbeschäftigung full employment piena occupazione politica comunitaria dell'occupazione Beschäftigungspolitik der Gemeinschaft Community employment policy Niederlassungsrecht right of establishment diritto di stabilimento free movement of workers libera circolazione dei lavoratori Freizügigkeit der Arbeitnehmer freier Dienstleistungsverkehr freedom to provide services libera prestazione di servizi Anerkennung der beruflichen Befähigungsnachweise recognition of vocational training qualifications riconoscimento delle qualifiche professionali EG-Beschäftigungsausschuss Employment Committee comitato dell'occupazione CE europäische Beschäftigungsstrategie European Employment Strategy strategia europea per l'occupazione berufliche Umschulung vocational retraining riconversione professionale fight against unemployment lotta alla disoccupazione Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit Jobsharing job sharing frazionamento del posto di lavoro Beschäftigungsplanung manpower planning pianificazione della manodopera Umwandlung von Arbeitsplätzen change of job conversione del posto di lavoro Beschäftigungssicherheit job security sicurezza del posto di lavoro Eingliederung in den Arbeitsprozess integration into employment inserimento professionale berufliche Wiedereingliederung reintegration into working life reinserimento professionale Beendigung des Arbeitsverhältnisses termination of employment cessazione d'impiego Entlassung dismissal licenziamento Entlassungsgeld severance pay indennità di licenziamento collective dismissal licenziamento collettivo Massenentlassung Entlassung aus wirtschaftlichem Grund redundancy licenziamento per motivi economici ungerechtfertigte Entlassung unfair dismissal licenziamento abusivo Eingliederungshilfe [V4.2] outplacement [V4.2] aiuti alla riqualificazione [V4.2] retired person pensionato Altersrentner vorgezogener Ruhestand early retirement pensionamento anticipato Stellenabbau job cuts soppressione di posti di lavoro Bedingungen für den Ruhestand retirement conditions condizione di pensionamento Beschäftigungsstruktur employment structure struttura occupazionale Doppelbeschäftigung holding of two jobs doppia occupazione unpaid work lavoro non remunerato unentgeltliche Tätigkeit Arbeit von Jugendlichen youth employment lavoro giovanile Frauenarbeit female work lavoro femminile Vollzeitarbeit full-time employment lavoro a tempo pieno Schwarzarbeit moonlighting lavoro nero lavoro minorile Kinderarbeit child labour atypische Beschäftigung non-standard employment lavoro atipico Zeitarbeit temporary employment lavoro temporaneo teleworking lavoro a distanza Fernarbeit Heimarbeit home working lavoro a domicilio Teilzeitarbeit part-time employment lavoro a tempo parziale Saisonarbeit seasonal employment lavoro stagionale fallweise geleistete Aushilfsarbeit casual employment lavoro occasionale self-employment attività non salariata selbstständige Tätigkeit Arbeitslosigkeit unemployment disoccupazione Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit long-term unemployment disoccupazione a lungo termine cyclical unemployment disoccupazione congiunturale konjunkturelle Arbeitslosigkeit verdeckte Arbeitslosigkeit hidden unemployment disoccupazione mascherata Frauenarbeitslosigkeit female unemployment disoccupazione femminile Jugendarbeitslosigkeit youth unemployment disoccupazione giovanile Kurzarbeit short-time working disoccupazione parziale disoccupazione stagionale Saisonarbeitslosigkeit seasonal unemployment strukturelle Arbeitslosigkeit structural unemployment disoccupazione strutturale temporary layoff cassa integrazione betrieblich bedingte Arbeitslosigkeit technologisch bedingte Arbeitslosigkeit unemployment due to technical progress disoccupazione tecnologica Arbeitslosigkeit von Wanderarbeitnehmern migrant unemployment disoccupazione dei lavoratori migranti labour market mercato del lavoro Arbeitsmarkt Arbeitskräfte labour force manodopera junger Arbeitnehmer young worker giovane lavoratore family worker manodopera familiare mitarbeitender Familienangehöriger weibliche Arbeitskraft female worker manodopera femminile Erwerbsbevölkerung working population popolazione attiva erwerbstätige Bevölkerung persons in work popolazione attiva occupata population of working age popolazione in età lavorativa Bevölkerung im erwerbsfähigen Alter Arbeitsloser unemployed person disoccupato Nichterwerbsbevölkerung non-working population popolazione non attiva berufliche Eignung professional qualifications qualificazione professionale überholte Berufsqualifikationen skill obsolescence qualifica obsoleta lavoratore ausiliario Hilfskraft auxiliary worker Arbeitnehmer im Auslandsdienst expatriate worker lavoratore espatriato older worker lavoratore anziano älterer Arbeitnehmer Schwarzarbeiter clandestine worker lavoratore clandestino Arbeitnehmer aus der Gemeinschaft Community worker lavoratore della Comunità Grenzgänger frontier worker lavoratore frontaliero behinderter Arbeitnehmer worker with disabilities lavoratore handicappato lavoratore manuale Handarbeiter manual worker Wanderarbeitnehmer migrant worker lavoratore migrante seasonal worker lavoratore stagionale Saisonarbeiter polyvalente Arbeitskraft multiskilled worker lavoratore polivalente arbeitende Arme working poor lavoratore povero labour market mercato del lavoro Arbeitsmarkt Zugang zur Beschäftigung job access accesso all'occupazione job application domanda di impiego Stellengesuch Arbeitgeber employer datore di lavoro Mobilität der Arbeitskräfte labour mobility mobilità della manodopera Stellenangebot job vacancy offerta di impiego erstmalige Beschäftigung first job primo impiego mobilità professionale berufliche Mobilität job mobility Arbeitsmarktstatistik employment statistics statistica occupazionale EURES EURES EURES Arbeitsvermittlungsstelle employment service ufficio del lavoro Arbeitskräftebedarf manpower needs fabbisogno di manodopera Mangel an Arbeitskräften labour shortage penuria di manodopera Unternehmen für Zeitarbeit temporary employment agency agenzia di lavoro temporaneo Berufserfahrung professional experience esperienza professionale nuova forma d'impiego neue Beschäftigungsform new type of employment Anpassungsfähigkeit der Arbeitskraft worker adaptability adattabilità del lavoratore labour flexibility flessibilità del lavoro flexible Arbeitsbedingungen beruflicher Status occupational status statuto professionale Handwerker craftsman artigiano liberal profession libera professione freier Beruf selbstständiger Beruf self-employed person lavoro autonomo Arbeitnehmer wage earner salariato mithelfender Ehepartner assisting spouse coadiuvante familiare sozioprofessionelle Gruppe socioprofessional category categoria socioprofessionale Meister supervisor caposquadra white-collar worker impiegato Angestellter Arbeiter blue-collar worker operaio Hilfsarbeiter unskilled worker manovale skilled worker operaio qualificato Facharbeiter angelernter Arbeiter semi-skilled worker operaio specializzato Bergarbeiter miner minatore Auszubildender apprentice apprendista Führungskraft executive quadro mittlere Führungskraft middle management quadri intermedi senior management quadri superiori höhere Führungskraft Arbeitsbedingungen und Arbeitsorganisation organisation of work and working conditions condizioni e organizzazione del lavoro Arbeitsbedingungen working conditions condizioni di lavoro Ergonomie ergonomics ergonomia Humanisierung der Arbeitswelt humanisation of work umanizzazione del lavoro occupational physiology fisiologia del lavoro Arbeitsphysiologie Arbeitspsychologie occupational psychology psicologia del lavoro Zufriedenheit am Arbeitsplatz job satisfaction soddisfazione sul lavoro mental stress tensione mentale Stress Fernbleiben von der Arbeit absenteeism assenteismo workplace luogo di lavoro Arbeitsstätte Arbeitsumgebung working environment ambiente di lavoro Arbeitssicherheit occupational safety sicurezza del lavoro Arbeitsunfall occupational accident infortunio sul lavoro occupational health sanità del lavoro Gesundheitsschutz am Arbeitsplatz Arbeitsunfähigkeit incapacity for work inabilità al lavoro Berufskrankheit occupational disease malattia professionale Arbeitsmedizin occupational medicine medicina del lavoro Sicherheitsausrüstung protective equipment equipaggiamento di protezione organisation of work organizzazione del lavoro Arbeitsorganisation Arbeitszeit working time durata del lavoro gesetzliche Arbeitszeit legal working time durata legale del lavoro overtime ore straordinarie Überstunde Arbeitszeitregelung work schedule orario di lavoro gleitende Arbeitszeit flexible working hours orario flessibile durchgehende Arbeitszeit continuous working day orario continuato Arbeitszeitverkürzung reduction of working time riduzione dell'orario di lavoro lavoro festivo Sonntagsarbeit Sunday working Ruhezeit rest period riposo bezahlter Urlaub paid leave ferie retribuite Sonderurlaub special leave congedo straordinario unpaid leave ferie non retribuite unbezahlter Urlaub wöchentliche Ruhezeit weekly rest period riposo settimanale gesetzlicher Feiertag public holiday giorno festivo night work lavoro notturno Nachtarbeit Schichtarbeit shift work lavoro a turni work study studio del lavoro Arbeitsstudie Arbeitsproduktivität work productivity produttività del lavoro allocation of work ripartizione del lavoro Arbeitsaufteilung Arbeitstempo rate of work ritmo di lavoro Arbeitszeitgestaltung arrangement of working time organizzazione del tempo di lavoro Reduzierung der Wochenarbeitstage shorter working week contrazione della settimana Fließbandarbeit assembly line work lavorazione a catena Teamarbeit team work lavoro di gruppo Bildschirmarbeit video display unit work lavoro allo schermo Arbeit work lavoro Verwaltung und Entlohnung des Personals personnel management and staff remuneration amministrazione e remunerazione del personale Personalverwaltung personnel administration amministrazione del personale Arbeitsvertrag work contract contratto di lavoro job description descrizione dell'impiego Stellenbeschreibung Personalbeurteilung staff assessment valutazione del personale Personal staff personale Einstellung recruitment assunzione Abwerben von Arbeitskräften head-hunting sottrazione di personale Ernennung appointment of staff nomina del personale periodo di tirocinio Probezeit probationary period Auswahlverfahren administrative competition concorso amministrativo staff regulations statuto del personale Personalstatut beruflicher Werdegang professional career carriera professionale Beförderung promotion promozione professionale seniority anzianità Dienstalter Arbeitsleben working life vita lavorativa berufliche Versetzung reassignment assegnazione ad altro incarico Versetzung wegen Nichteignung demotion retrocessione di grado pay policy politica salariale Lohnpolitik Gleichheit des Arbeitsentgelts equal pay parità retributiva wage determination determinazione del salario Lohnfestsetzung Lohnskala pay scale scala dei salari wage indexing indicizzazione dei salari Lohnindexierung monatliche Lohnzahlung monthly pay retribuzione mensile Lohnstopp pay freeze blocco dei salari Lohnkürzung pay cut riduzione dei salari Aufbesserung der Löhne pay rise rivalutazione dei salari salario familiare Hausfrauengehalt wages for housework Mindestlohn minimum pay salario minimo Arbeitsentgelt remuneration of work retribuzione del lavoro Gehaltsprämie bonus payment premio salariale fringe benefit complemento retributivo zusätzliche Gegenleistung Aufwandsentschädigung und Spesen allowances and expenses indennità e spese Nebeneinkommen supplementary income reddito complementare Nichtlohneinkommen income in addition to normal pay reddito non salariale Lohn und Gehalt pay salario Leistungslohn piece work pay salario a cottimo hourly wage salario orario Stundenlohn Niedriglohn low pay basso salario Quellensteuer deduction at source trattenuta alla fonte Arbeitsrecht und Beziehungen zwischen den Sozialpartnern labour law and labour relations rapporti di lavoro e diritto del lavoro Arbeitsrecht labour law diritto del lavoro Streikrecht right to strike diritto di sciopero labour inspectorate ispettorato del lavoro Gewerbeaufsicht Arbeitsnorm labour standard norma di lavoro Gewerkschaftsrechte trade union rights diritti sindacali Berufsgeheimnis professional secret segreto professionale Sozialbilanz social audit bilancio sociale dell'impresa codice del lavoro Arbeitsgesetzbuch work code organisation of professions organizzazione della professione Organisierung des Berufsstandes Zunftwesen corporatism corporativismo professional society ordine professionale Berufskammer Berufsethos professional ethics deontologia professionale Gewissensklausel conscience clause clausola di coscienza Berufsverband professional association associazione professionale Branchenvereinbarung interprofessional agreement accordo interprofessionale Beziehungen zwischen den Sozialpartnern labour relations relazioni industriali Arbeitskampf labour dispute controversia di lavoro Streik strike sciopero lockout serrata Aussperrung Arbeitsverpflichtung requisitioning of workers precettazione dei lavoratori collective agreement contratto collettivo Tarifvertrag Tarifverhandlung collective bargaining contrattazione collettiva Dreierkonferenz tripartite conference conferenza tripartita Beteiligung der Arbeitnehmer worker participation partecipazione dei lavoratori Anhörung der Arbeitnehmer worker consultation consultazione dei lavoratori worker information informazione dei lavoratori Unterrichtung der Arbeitnehmer Gewinnbeteiligung der Belegschaft profit sharing interessenza dei lavoratori Selbstverwaltung self-management autogestione Belegschaftsaktien workers' stock ownership azionariato operaio Mitbestimmung co-determination cogestione Personalvertretung workers' representation rappresentanza del personale Gewerkschaftsvertreter union representative rappresentante sindacale trade union election elezioni sindacali gewerkschaftliche Wahl Betriebsrat works council commissione interna Europäischer Betriebsrat European Works Council comitato aziendale europeo Sozialpartner social partners parti sociali Arbeitgeberverband employers' organisation padronato Gesamtverband der Arbeitgeber employers' confederation confederazione imprenditoriale civil servants’ union sindacato dei funzionari Beamtenvereinigung Gewerkschaft trade union sindacato Gewerkschaftsbund trade union confederation confederazione sindacale dialogo sociale sozialer Dialog social dialogue sozialer Dialog in der Gemeinschaft Community social dialogue dialogo sociale comunitario VERKEHR TRANSPORT TRASPORTO Verkehrspolitik transport policy politica dei trasporti Transportpolitik transport policy politica dei trasporti Transportrecht transport law diritto dei trasporti transport economics economia dei trasporti Transportwirtschaft Transportinfrastruktur transport infrastructure infrastruttura dei trasporti Straßen- und Brückenbau structure opere d'arte Tunnelbau tunnel tunnel Transportplanung transport planning pianificazione dei trasporti gemeinsame Transportpolitik common transport policy politica comune dei trasporti Transportmarkt transport market mercato del trasporto sicurezza dei trasporti Transportsicherheit transport safety Unfall beim Transport transport accident incidente di trasporto road safety sicurezza stradale Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr Sicherheit im Luftverkehr air safety sicurezza aerea Sicherheit der Meere maritime safety sicurezza marittima Beförderung unter Zollverschluss transport under customs control trasporto sotto vincolo di dogana cross-channel connection tunnel sotto La Manica Verbindung über den Ärmelkanal Verkehrsachse innerhalb der Gemeinschaft Community trunk route asse comunitario Verkehrsstatistik transport statistics statistica dei trasporti nachhaltige Mobilität sustainable mobility mobilità sostenibile transport price prezzo di trasporto Beförderungsentgelt Beförderungstarif transportation tariff tariffa di trasporto Fracht freight rate nolo cif-Preis cif price prezzo cif free-on-board price prezzo franco bordo Preis frei an Bord publication of tariffs pubblicità delle tariffe Bekanntgabe der Tarife Genehmigung von Beförderungstarifen approval of tariffs omologazione delle tariffe Margentarif bracket rate tariffa a forcella Unterstützungstarif support tariff tariffa di sostegno Luftbeförderungstarif air freight rate tariffa aerea tariffa ferroviaria Eisenbahntarif railway tariff Personentarif passenger tariff tariffa viaggiatori national tariff tariffa interna Inlandstarif Auslandstarif international tariff tariffa internazionale Straßentarif road transport tariff tariffa stradale charges for use of infrastructure tariffazione delle infrastrutture Nutzungstarif Landegebühr right to stopover diritto di scalo toll pedaggio Verkehrsgebühr Parkgebühr standage prezzo di sosta Gebühr nach Achszahl axle tax tassa assiale Tarifzone tariff zone zona tariffaria Verkehrsvorschriften traffic regulations regolamentazione del traffico Luftverkehrskontrolle air traffic control controllo aereo driving licence patente di guida Führerschein europäischer Führerschein European driving licence patente di guida europea Schiffspatent ship's passport patente nautica Überwachung des Verkehrs traffic control controllo del traffico Geschwindigkeitsregelung speed control regolamentazione della velocità segnaletica Verkehrszeichengebung traffic signs Verkehrserziehung driving instruction insegnamento della guida highway code codice della strada Straßenverkehrsordnung Schifffahrtsgesetzgebung navigational code codice della navigazione verkehrspolitische Regelung transport regulations regolamentazione dei trasporti Transportgewerbeschein transport licence licenza di trasporto transport quota contingente di trasporto Beförderungsquote Zulassung des Fahrzeugs vehicle registration immatricolazione del veicolo Fahrzeugpapier vehicle documents documenti del veicolo Transportdokument transport document documenti di trasporto Lenkzeit driving period tempo di guida controllo tecnico technische Überwachung roadworthiness tests Transportgenehmigung transport authorisation autorizzazione di trasporto ticket titolo di trasporto Beförderungsausweis organisation of transport organizzazione dei trasporti Organisation des Verkehrs Beförderungsart mode of transport modo di trasporto kombinierter Transport combined transport trasporto combinato surface transport trasporto di superficie Beförderung zu Wasser und zu Lande Transport über Kabel cable transport trasporto via cavo Transport über Rohr pipeline transport trasporto tramite condotto Gasfernleitung gas pipeline gasdotto oil pipeline oleodotto Ölfernleitung unterirdischer Transport underground transport trasporto sotterraneo means of transport mezzo di trasporto Beförderungsmittel Fahrzeug vehicle veicolo Fahrzeugausrüstung vehicle parts equipaggiamento del veicolo Lenkvorrichtung driving mechanism dispositivo di guida safety device dispositivo di sicurezza Sicherheitsvorrichtung Signal- und Beleuchtungseinrichtung signalling device dispositivo di segnalazione weight and size pesi e dimensioni Gewichte und Abmessungen Großraumtransporter large vehicle veicolo cargo Luftkissenfahrzeug air-cushion vehicle veicolo a cuscino d'aria Kraftfahrzeug motor vehicle veicolo a motore landwirtschaftliches Fahrzeug agricultural vehicle veicolo agricolo veicolo elettrico Elektrofahrzeug electric vehicle Campingfahrzeug camping vehicle veicolo da campeggio Organisation des Verkehrs organisation of transport organizzazione dei trasporti Transportunternehmen transport company impresa di trasporto Transportunternehmer carrier trasportatore transport staff personale dei trasporti Beförderungspersonal Bodenpersonal ground staff personale di terra drivers personale di guida Fahrpersonal Schiffs- und Flugpersonal crew personale di bordo Fahrzeugvermietung vehicle rental noleggio di veicolo Charterung chartering noleggio di nave Beförderungsdauer length of journey durata del trasporto Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehr high-speed transport trasporto ad alta velocità Beförderungsvertrag contract of carriage contratto di trasporto rete di trasporti Beförderungsnetz transport network Beförderungslinie transport lines linea di trasporto Tiertransport transport of animals trasporto di animali carriage of goods trasporto merci Güterverkehr Container container contenitore transport of dangerous goods trasporto di merci pericolose Beförderung gefährlicher Güter Ladung load caricamento Ladefähigkeit carrying capacity capacità di carico axle weight carico assiale Achslast Nutzlast payload carico utile ATP-Abkommen ATP Agreement accordo ATP Personenverkehr carriage of passengers trasporto viaggiatori Massenbeförderung public transport trasporto collettivo transport user utente dei trasporti Verkehrsteilnehmer Pauschalreise inclusive tour viaggio tutto compreso Gruppenreise group travel viaggio in gruppo Reservierung reservation prenotazione Individualverkehr private means of transport trasporto individuale gewerblicher Verkehr carriage for hire or reward trasporto per conto terzi Werkverkehr own-account transport trasporto in proprio trasporto pubblico Beförderung mit öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln means of public conveyance halböffentlicher Verkehr semi-public transport trasporto semicollettivo urban transport trasporti urbani städtische Verkehrsmittel Untergrundbahn underground railway metropolitana suburban transport trasporto suburbano Vorortbeförderung städtischer Verkehr town traffic traffico urbano Beförderungskapazität transport capacity capacità di trasporto Navigationsausrüstung navigation aid assistenza alla navigazione intelligentes Verkehrssystem intelligent transport system sistema di trasporto intelligente Satellitennavigation satellite navigation navigazione satellitare Verkehrsraum destination of transport ambito territoriale del trasporto Durchgangsverkehr transit transito hinterland transport trasporto nell'entroterra Transport ins Hinterland interkontinentaler Transport intercontinental transport trasporto intercontinentale Binnentransport inland transport trasporto interno grenzüberschreitender Transport international transport trasporto internazionale innergemeinschaftlicher Transport intra-Community transport trasporto intracomunitario trasporto nazionale nationaler Transport national transport regionaler Transport regional transport trasporto regionale transfrontier transport trasporto transfrontaliero Grenzverkehr Landverkehr land transport trasporti terrestri Landverkehr land transport trasporto terrestre Schienentransport rail transport trasporto ferroviario CIV-Übereinkommen CIV Convention convenzione CIV rolling stock parco materiali rotabili Schienenfahrzeugbestand Schienennetz rail network rete ferroviaria Bahnhof railway station stazione ferroviaria Schienenfahrzeug vehicle on rails veicolo su rotaie road transport trasporto stradale Transport über Straße ADR-Übereinkommen ADR agreement accordo ADR AETR agreement accordo AETR AETR-Abkommen Kraftfahrzeugbestand vehicle fleet parco automobilistico Omnibus bus autobus motor car automobile Automobil Nutzfahrzeug commercial vehicle veicolo industriale Straßenverkehr road traffic circolazione stradale Straßennetz road network rete stradale Radweg cycle track pista ciclabile motorway autostrada Autobahn Schnellstraße expressway superstrada Feldweg country road strada rurale städtische Straße urban road strada di città Fußgänger pedestrian pedone internationaler Güterkraftverkehr international road transport trasporto stradale internazionale veicolo a due ruote Zweiradfahrzeug two-wheeled vehicle Straßenkabotage road cabotage cabotaggio stradale See- und Binnenschiffsverkehr maritime and inland waterway transport trasporti marittimi e fluviali Hafenpolitik ports policy politica portuale Hafenanlage harbour installation impianto portuale common ports policy politica comune dei porti gemeinschaftliche Hafenpolitik Hafenverkehr port traffic traffico portuale Hafenverwaltung port administration amministrazione portuale inland waterway transport trasporto per vie navigabili Binnenschiffsverkehr Flößerei rafting fluitazione inland waterway fleet flotta fluviale Binnenschiffsflotte Leichterträgerschiff barge carrier ship nave portachiatte barge chiatta Lastkahn Flussschifffahrt inland waterway shipping navigazione fluviale ADN-Übereinkommen ADN agreement accordo ADN Schubschifffahrt push towing propulsione a spinta Wasserstraßennetz network of navigable waterways rete navigabile Binnenwasserstraße inland waterway via d'acqua interna international waterway via d'acqua internazionale internationale Wasserstraße Binnenschifffahrt waterway transport naviglio Beförderung auf dem Seeweg maritime transport trasporto marittimo Seeschifffahrtsrecht maritime law diritto marittimo Schiffsflagge ship's flag bandiera della nave flag of convenience bandiera di comodo Billigflagge merchant fleet flotta mercantile Handelsflotte Seeschifffahrt maritime shipping navigazione marittima Meerespolitik shipping policy politica marittima Seekonferenz maritime conference conferenza marittima Wasserfahrzeug vessel nave Fähre ferryboat nave traghetto cargo vessel nave da carico Frachtschiff Tanker tanker nave cisterna Vergnügungsboot pleasure craft imbarcazione da diporto Eisbrecher [V4.2] icebreaker [V4.2] rompighiaccio [V4.2] cabotaggio marittimo Küstenschifffahrt maritime cabotage Seekanal ship canal canale marittimo Panamakanal Panama Canal canale di Panama Suez Canal canale di Suez Suezkanal Luftverkehr und Raumfahrt air and space transport trasporti aerei e spaziali Beförderung im Weltraum space transport trasporti spaziali Raumfahrzeug space vehicle veicolo spaziale Satellit satellite satellite launch vehicle rampa spaziale Trägerrakete space navigation navigazione spaziale Raumfahrt Weltraumtechnologie space technology tecnica spaziale Startgerät launch facility rampa di lancio air transport trasporto aereo Beförderung auf dem Luftweg Flughafen airport aeroporto Bodenabfertigungsdienste ground handling assistenza a terra aircraft fleet flotta aerea Luftverkehrsflotte Hubschrauber helicopter elicottero aircraft aereo Flugzeug Luftverkehr air traffic circolazione aerea Fluglinie airline linea aerea Zivilluftfahrt civil aviation aviazione civile Luftkabotage air cabotage cabotaggio aereo AMBIENTE UMWELT ENVIRONMENT Umweltpolitik environmental policy politica dell'ambiente Abfallwirtschaft waste management gestione dei rifiuti Abfallbeseitigung waste disposal eliminazione dei rifiuti Verklappen von Abfallstoffen dumping of waste immersione di rifiuti waste incineration incenerimento dei rifiuti Müllverbrennung waste recycling riciclaggio dei rifiuti Abfallaufbereitung Abfalllagerung storage of waste deposito dei rifiuti unterirdische Abfalllagerung underground storage of waste stoccaggio sotterraneo delle scorie pollution control measures lotta contro l'inquinamento Bekämpfung der Umweltbelastungen Kontrolle der Umweltbelastungen pollution control controllo dell'inquinamento Belastungsgrad degree of pollution tasso di inquinamento Verringerung der Emissionen von Treibhausgasen reduction of gas emissions riduzione delle emissioni gassose prevention of pollution prevenzione dell'inquinamento Verhütung von Umweltbelastungen biologische Abbaubarkeit biodegradability biodegradabilità anti-pollution device dispositivo antinquinamento Reinhaltungsvorrichtung Verursacherprinzip polluter pays principle principio chi inquina paga Lärmschutz noise protection protezione dai rumori Entseuchung decontamination risanamento schadstoffarmes Fahrzeug non-polluting vehicle veicolo non inquinante Umweltpolitik environmental policy politica ambientale Kosten der Umweltbelastungen cost of pollution costo dell'inquinamento environmental law diritto dell'ambiente Umweltrecht Umweltnorm environmental standard norma ambientale biologische Norm biological standard norma biologica environmental liability responsabilità per i danni ambientali Haftung für Umweltschäden Raumordnung area management gestione dello spazio Bewirtschaftung der Ressourcen management of resources gestione delle risorse Schätzung der Ressourcen evaluation of resources valutazione delle risorse exploitation of resources sfruttamento delle risorse Nutzung der Ressourcen Erschöpfung der Ressourcen exhaustion of resources esaurimento delle risorse exploitation of the seas sfruttamento dei mari Nutzung der Meere Nutzung des Meeresbodens exploitation of the sea-bed sfruttamento dei fondali marini übermäßige Nutzung der Ressourcen over-exploitation of resources ipersfruttamento delle risorse Ersetzung von Ressourcen replacement of resources sostituzione delle risorse Maßnahmen gegen Verschwendung fight against wastage lotta contro gli sprechi Umweltqualität quality of the environment qualità dell'ambiente ricerca sull'ambiente Umweltforschung environmental research Umweltstatistik environmental statistics statistica ambientale Auswirkung auf die Umwelt environmental impact impatto ambientale environmental monitoring sorveglianza dell'ambiente Umweltüberwachung Verhütung von Gefahren risk prevention prevenzione dei rischi Naturgefahren natural hazard rischio naturale industrial hazard rischio industriale Industriegefahren Wirtschaftsinstrument für die Umwelt economic instrument for the environment strumento economico per l'ambiente Pfanderhebung auf umweltbelastende Produkte deposit on a polluting product deposito di prodotti inquinanti tradeable emission permit permesso di inquinamento negoziabile verhandelbare Umweltverschmutzungsgenehmigung Umweltabgabe environmental tax imposta ambientale EG-Umweltpolitik Community environmental policy politica comunitaria dell'ambiente Umweltwirtschaft environmental economics economia dell'ambiente educazione ambientale Umwelterziehung environmental education Umweltschutz environmental protection protezione dell'ambiente Erhaltung der Ressourcen conservation of resources salvaguardia delle risorse fire protection lotta contro gli incendi Brandbekämpfung Schutz der Tierwelt protection of animal life protezione della fauna Tierschutz protection of animals protezione degli animali hunting regulations regolamentazione della caccia Jagdgesetzgebung Schutz der Pflanzenwelt protection of plant life protezione della flora Landschaftsschutz countryside conservation protezione del paesaggio Erdbebenwarnung seismic monitoring prevenzione antisismica protezione del litorale Schutz der Küste shore protection Schutzgebiet protected area zona protetta Nationalpark national park parco nazionale nature reserve riserva naturale Naturschutzgebiet fight against insects lotta agli insetti Insektenbekämpfung Gewässerschutz water protection protezione delle acque Wasserbewirtschaftung water management gestione delle acque Wasserverbrauch water consumption consumo idrico water analysis analisi dell'acqua Wasseranalyse Wasseraufbereitung water treatment trattamento dell'acqua Wassernutzung use of water utilizzazione dell'acqua Wasserbedarf water requirements fabbisogno idrico natural environment ambiente naturale Natürliche Umgebung natürliche Umwelt physical environment ambiente fisico Ökosystem ecosystem ecosistema Biotop biotope biotopo marine ecosystem ecosistema marino Ökosystem Meer terrestrisches Ökosystem terrestrial ecosystem ecosistema terrestre ecological balance equilibrio ecologico ökologisches Gleichgewicht Atmosphäre atmosphere atmosfera Ozon ozone ozono Biosphäre biosphere biosfera biologische Vielfalt biodiversity biodiversità aquatische Umwelt aquatic environment ambiente acquatico Wasser water acqua Sickerwasser percolation water acqua d'infiltrazione bathing water acque di balneazione Badegewässer Süßwasser freshwater acqua dolce Trinkwasser drinking water acqua potabile Salzwasser saltwater acqua salata Grundwasser groundwater acque sotterranee acque superficiali Oberflächenwasser surface water Eis ice ghiaccio stagnant water acqua stagnante stehendes Gewässer marine environment ambiente marino Meeresumwelt Meeresboden sea-bed fondale marino küstennaher Meeresboden inshore grounds fondale costiero continental shelf piattaforma continentale Festlandsockel littoral litorale Küstenstreifen geophysical environment ambiente geofisico geophysikalische Umwelt Wasserlauf watercourse corso d'acqua desert deserto Wüstenbildung Insel island isola Meer sea mare Mittelmeer Mediterranean Sea Mar Mediterraneo Tyrrhenisches Meer Tyrrhenian Sea Mar Tirreno Adriatic Sea Mar Adriatico Adriatisches Meer Ligurisches Meer Ligurian Sea Mar Ligure Ägäisches Meer Aegean Sea Mar Egeo Ionisches Meer Ionian Sea Mar Ionio Caspian Sea Mar Caspio Kaspisches Meer Schwarzes Meer Black Sea Mar Nero Rotes Meer Red Sea Mar Rosso Gebirge mountain montagna Ozean ocean oceano Südpolarmeer Antarctic Ocean oceano Antartico Arctic Ocean oceano Artico Nordpolarmeer Atlantischer Ozean Atlantic Ocean oceano Atlantico Ärmelkanal English Channel Manica Baltic Sea Mar Baltico Ostsee Irische See Irish Sea Mare d'Irlanda Norwegensee Norwegian Sea Mar di Norvegia Nordsee North Sea Mare del Nord Indischer Ozean Indian Ocean oceano Indiano Pazifischer Ozean Pacific Ocean oceano Pacifico pianura Ebene plain Mündungsgebiet estuary estuario polar region regione polare Polargebiet Antarktis Antarctica Antartico Arctic Artico Arktis Trockenzone arid zone zona arida See lake lago freie Natur wildlife vita selvatica geschützte Art protected species specie protetta animal life fauna Tierwelt Insekt insect insetto wild mammal mammifero selvatico frei lebendes Säugetier Meeressäugetier marine mammal mammifero marino Wal whale balena seal foca Robbe fur-bearing animal animale da pelliccia Pelztier Beuteltier marsupial marsupiale Nagetier rodent roditore Affe monkey scimmia Vogel bird uccello Reptil reptile rettile Pflanzenwelt plant life flora pflanzlicher Schädling harmful plant pianta nociva Meereslebewesen marine life specie marina natürliche Ressourcen natural resources risorse naturali Pflanzenbestand plant resources risorse vegetali animal resources risorse animali Tierbestand Meeresschätze resources of the sea risorse del mare Wasserreserven water resources risorse idriche Bodenbestand soil resources disponibilità di suolo Energiequellen energy resources risorse energetiche risorse minerali verfügbare Böden mineral resources erneuerbare Ressourcen renewable resources risorse rinnovabili underwater mineral resources risorse minerarie sottomarine Meeresbodenschätze Klima climate clima atmosphärische Verhältnisse atmospheric conditions condizioni atmosferiche climatic zone zona climatica Klimazone Äquatorgebiet equatorial zone zona equatoriale frigid zone zona fredda Kaltzone Feuchtzone humid zone zona umida subtropische Zone subtropical zone zona subtropicale gemäßigte Zone temperate zone zona temperata tropische Zone tropical zone zona tropicale Klimaveränderung climate change cambiamento climatico Umweltschädigung deterioration of the environment degrado ambientale Abfall waste rifiuti landwirtschaftlicher Abfall agricultural waste rifiuto agricolo industrial waste rifiuti industriali Industrieabfall nicht verwertbarer Abfall non-recoverable waste rifiuti irrecuperabili radioaktiver Abfall radioactive waste scorie radioattive radioaktives Abwasser radioactive effluent effluente radioattivo Abwasser wastewater acque di scarico Altöl used oil olio usato rifiuti domestici Hausmüll domestic waste Metallabfall metal waste rifiuti metallici export of waste esportazione di rifiuti Ausfuhr von Abfällen gefährlicher Abfall hazardous waste rifiuti pericolosi Klärschlamm sewage sludge fanghi di depurazione wilde Deponie unauthorised dumping discarica abusiva Abfall aus der Erzeugung oder Verwendung von Chemikalien chemical waste rifiuti chimici rifiuti elettronici Elektronikschrott electronic waste krankenhausspezifischer Abfall hospital waste rifiuti ospedalieri degradation of the environment degradazione dell'ambiente Umweltverschlechterung Korrosion corrosion corrosione deforestation disboscamento Abholzung von Menschen verursachte Katastrophe man-made disaster disastro causato dall'uomo Naturkatastrophe natural disaster disastro naturale Vulkanausbruch volcanic eruption eruzione vulcanica flood inondazione Überschwemmung landwirtschaftliche Katastrophe agricultural disaster calamità agricola Erosion erosion erosione Dürre drought siccità Wirbelsturm cyclone ciclone intemperie Unwetter bad weather Erdbeben earthquake sisma Desertifikation desertification desertificazione Zerstörung von Pflanzenkulturen destruction of crops distruzione delle colture incendio Brand fire Entlaubung defoliation defogliazione acid rain pioggia acida saurer Regen verseuchtes Gebiet polluted area zona inquinata Katastrophengebiet disaster area zona sinistrata empfindliche Zone sensitive area zona sensibile Schadensfaktor nuisance nocività Schadstoff pollutant agente inquinante luftverunreinigender Stoff atmospheric pollutant agente inquinante dell'atmosfera Abgas combustion gases gas di combustione dust polvere Staub Treibhausgas greenhouse gas gas a effetto serra die Stratosphäre verschmutzende Substanz stratospheric pollutant inquinante stratosferico water pollutant agente inquinante dell'acqua Wasserschadstoff Pestizidrückstände pesticide residue residuo di antiparassitario thermal discharge scarico termico Abwärme gefährlicher Stoff dangerous substance sostanza pericolosa feuergefährlicher Stoff inflammable product prodotto infiammabile toxic substance sostanza tossica Giftstoff krebserzeugender Stoff carcinogenic substance sostanza cancerogena Lärm noise rumore Lärmpegel noise level livello sonoro elektromagnetische Schadwirkung electromagnetic interference disturbo elettromagnetico nicht ionisierende Strahlung non-ionising radiation radiazione non ionizzante mechanische Erschütterung mechanical vibration vibrazione meccanica Umweltbelastung pollution inquinamento Lärmbelästigung noise pollution inquinamento acustico atmospheric pollution inquinamento atmosferico Luftverunreinigung Treibhauseffekt greenhouse effect effetto serra atmosferico chemische Verunreinigung chemical pollution inquinamento chimico Verschmutzung vom Lande aus pollution from land-based sources inquinamento d'origine tellurica Wasserverschmutzung water pollution inquinamento idrico Eutrophierung eutrophication eutrofizzazione pollution of waterways inquinamento dei corsi d'acqua Verschmutzung der Wasserläufe Meeresverschmutzung marine pollution inquinamento marino Nahrungsmittelverseuchung food contamination inquinamento degli alimenti inquinamento delle coste Küstenverschmutzung coastal pollution Bodenverseuchung soil pollution inquinamento del suolo organic pollution inquinamento organico organische Verunreinigung Verunreinigung durch die Landwirtschaft pollution from agricultural sources inquinamento d'origine agricola radioaktive Verseuchung radioactive pollution inquinamento radioattivo Verunreinigung der Stratosphäre stratospheric pollution inquinamento stratosferico Wärmebelastung thermal pollution inquinamento termico inquinamento transfrontaliero grenzüberschreitende Umweltbelastung transfrontier pollution Verschmutzung durch das Auto motor vehicle pollution inquinamento automobilistico oil pollution inquinamento da idrocarburi Umweltverschmutzung durch Kohlenwasserstoffe Umweltvergiftung durch Metalle metal pollution inquinamento da metalli Verunreinigung durch Schiffe pollution from ships inquinamento prodotto dalle navi industrielle Verschmutzung industrial pollution inquinamento industriale Versauerung acidification acidificazione inquinamento accidentale unfallbedingte Umweltverschmutzung accidental pollution lokale Umweltschädigung local pollution inquinamento locale LANDWIRTSCHAFT, FORSTWIRTSCHAFT UND FISCHEREIWESEN AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES AGRICOLTURA, SILVICOLTURA E PESCA Agrarpolitik agricultural policy politica agricola Agrarpolitik agricultural policy politica agricola Agrarrecht agrarian law diritto agrario agricultural economics economia agraria Agrarwirtschaft Pflanzenschutzrecht plant health legislation legislazione fitosanitaria Pflanzenschutzkontrolle plant health control controllo fitosanitario Veterinärrecht veterinary legislation legislazione veterinaria tierärztliche Überwachung veterinary inspection ispezione veterinaria Agrarmarkt agricultural market mercato agricolo Agrarmarkt der Gemeinschaft Community agricultural market mercato agricolo comunitario Mechanisierung der Landwirtschaft mechanisation of agriculture meccanizzazione agricola politica agricola nazionale nationale Agrarpolitik national agricultural policy regionale Agrarpolitik regional farm policy politica agricola regionale Landwirtschaft in Berggebieten hill farming agricoltura di montagna Mediterranean agriculture agricoltura mediterranea Landwirtschaft des Mittelmeerraumes benachteiligtes landwirtschaftliches Gebiet less-favoured agricultural area zona agricola svantaggiata Gebiet mit aus Gründen des Naturschutzes eingeschränkter landwirtschaftlicher Nutzung agricultural area with environmental restrictions zona agricola con vincoli ambientali agronomic research ricerca agronomica Agrarforschung landwirtschaftlicher Musterbetrieb model farm fattoria pilota plant breeding miglioramento delle piante Verbesserung der Pflanzen landwirtschaftliche Versuchsanstalt experimental farm stazione sperimentale Agrarbeihilfe aid to agriculture sostegno agricolo Agrarreform agrarian reform riforma agraria Lage der Landwirtschaft agricultural situation situazione dell'agricoltura Qualitätskontrolle bei landwirtschaftlichen Erzeugnissen quality control of agricultural products controllo della qualità dei prodotti agricoli agricoltura sostenibile nachhaltige Landwirtschaft sustainable agriculture Bodenpolitik land policies politica fondiaria agricultural sector representative body organismo di rappresentanza agricola landwirtschaftliche Interessenvertretung common agricultural policy politica agricola comune Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik gemeinsame Marktorganisation common organisation of markets organizzazione comune di mercato Hektarbeihilfe aid per hectare aiuto per ettaro supplementary aid for products aiuto complementare ai prodotti ergänzende produktbezogene Beihilfe Agrarausschuss EG EC agriculture committee comitato per l'agricoltura CE agri-monetary policy politica monetaria agricola Agrarwährungspolitik Währungsausgleichsbetrag monetary compensatory amount importo compensativo monetario farm price support sostegno dei prezzi agricoli Agrarpreisstützung repräsentativer Kurs representative rate tasso rappresentativo Reform der GAP reform of the CAP riforma della PAC europäisches Agrarmodell European agricultural model modello agricolo europeo Agrarentwicklungsplan farm development plan piano di sviluppo agricolo Agrar-Umweltmaßnahmen agri-environmental plan piano agroambientale farming project progetto agricolo landwirtschaftliches Projekt agricultural structures and production produzione e strutture agricole Agrarproduktion und Agrarstrukturen Agrarproduktionspolitik agricultural production policy politica della produzione agricola Flächenstilllegung set-aside messa a riposo delle terre producer group gruppo di produttori Erzeugergemeinschaft landwirtschaftlicher Produktionsstandort location of production dislocazione della produzione Verzeichnis der Agrarerzeugnisse agricultural product nomenclature nomenclatura dei prodotti agricoli landwirtschaftliche Produktionsumstellung redirection of production riconversione produttiva Schlachtprämie slaughter premium premio alla macellazione grubbing premium premio di estirpazione Rodungsprämie Umstellung auf Gartenbau conversion to horticulture riconversione ad orticoltura Umstellung des Viehbestands herd conversion riconversione di gregge Umstellung von Milch- auf Fleischerzeugung conversion to beef production riconversione latte-carne alternative Agrarproduktion alternative agricultural production produzione agricola alternativa alternative Verwendung von Agrarprodukten alternative use of agricultural products utilizzazione alternativa di prodotti agricoli restituzione alla produzione Erstattung bei der Erzeugung production refund Landwirtschaftsjahr marketing year campagna agricola policy on agricultural structures politica delle strutture agricole Agrarstrukturpolitik Verwendung des Bodens allocation of land destinazione dei terreni installation allowance indennità di insediamento Einrichtungsbeihilfe Modernisierung landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe farm modernisation ammodernamento di azienda agricola Flurbereinigung reparcelling ricomposizione fondiaria Agrarstruktur agricultural structure struttura agraria Weiterführung landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe transfer of farms successione nell'attività agricola divulgazione agricola landwirtschaftliche Beratung agricultural advisory services landwirtschaftlicher Berater agricultural adviser consulente agrario Stilllegung landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe cessation of farming cessazione d'azienda agricola Lenkung der Agrarproduktion regulation of agricultural production regolamentazione della produzione agricola Agrarüberschuss agricultural surplus eccedenza agricola agricultural guidance orientamento agricolo Ausrichtung der Landwirtschaft Nichtvermarktungsprämie non-marketing premium premio di non commercializzazione Lagerhaltungsbeihilfe storage premium premio di magazzinaggio Beziehung Landwirtschaft/Handel agriculture-trade relationship rapporto agricoltura-commercio Beziehung Landwirtschaft/Industrie agriculture-industry relationship rapporto agricoltura-industria quota agricola landwirtschaftliche Quotenregelung agricultural quota Garantieschwelle guarantee threshold soglia di garanzia tax on oils and fats tassa sui grassi Verbraucherabgabe auf Fette Mitverantwortung der Erzeuger producer co-responsibility corresponsabilità dei produttori Landwirtschaftliches Betriebssystem farming systems orientamento produttivo agricolo landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb agricultural holding azienda agricola staatlicher Landwirtschaftsbetrieb State farm azienda agricola di Stato dairy farm azienda lattiera Milchviehbetrieb landwirtschaftliches Kollektiv collective farm fattoria collettiva landwirtschaftliche Betriebsfläche area of holding superficie dell'azienda agricola landwirtschaftlicher Großbetrieb large holding grande azienda agricola medium-sized holding media azienda agricola landwirtschaftlicher Mittelbetrieb Parzelle plot particella catastale landwirtschaftlicher Kleinbetrieb smallholding piccola azienda agricola landwirtschaftlich genutzte Fläche utilised agricultural area superficie agricola utilizzata landwirtschaftliche Hauptfläche main acreage superficie principale type of tenure conduzione Bewirtschaftungsform Vertragslandwirtschaft contract farming agricoltura contrattuale owner farming conduzione diretta Eigenbewirtschaftung gemischte Bewirtschaftung mixed tenure conduzione mista Pacht tenant farming affittanza Pachtpreis farm rent canone d'affitto di podere farm lease affitto di fondo rustico Landpachtvertrag Teilpacht share farming mezzadria landwirtschaftliche Erwerbsbevölkerung working population engaged in agriculture popolazione agricola attiva Landwirt farmer coltivatore agricultural labour force manodopera agricola landwirtschaftliche Arbeitskraft Bäuerin woman farmer lavoratrice agricola junger Landwirt young farmer giovane agricoltore landwirtschaftlicher Betriebsleiter head of agricultural holding conduttore di azienda agricola landwirtschaftliches Grundeigentum agricultural real estate proprietà fondiaria agricola Bodenmobilität land mobility mobilità fondiaria price of farm land prezzo della terra Bodenpreis Bodenreform land reform riforma fondiaria Bodenordnung landholding system regime dei suoli staatseigenes Land State-owned land terreno demaniale common land bene comunale Gemeindeland banque foncière land bank banca fondiaria Verbesserung der Flächenstruktur land restructuring assetto fondiario landwirtschaftliches Betriebsergebnis agricultural performance risultato dell'attività agricola landwirtschaftliche Produktivität agricultural productivity produttività agricola landwirtschaftliche Erzeugung agricultural production produzione agricola land productivity produttività dei terreni Flächenproduktivität landwirtschaftlicher Ertrag crop yield rendimento agricolo Missernte crop losses perdita di raccolto farm accountancy data network rete d'informazione contabile Informationsnetz landwirtschaftlicher Buchführungen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebsbogen farm return scheda di azienda agricola landwirtschaftliches Unternehmereinkommen farmers' income reddito del coltivatore landwirtschaftliches Einkommen farm income reddito dell'azienda agricola Agrarstatistik agricultural statistics statistica agricola landwirtschaftliche Erhebung agricultural census censimento agricolo landwirtschaftliches Betriebssystem farming system orientamento produttivo agricolo landwirtschaftlicher Nebenerwerbsbetrieb part-time farming agricoltura a tempo parziale commercial farming agricoltura commerciale verkaufsorientierte Landwirtschaft Subsistenzbetrieb subsistence farming agricoltura di sostentamento gemischter landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb mixed farm azienda agricola mista landwirtschaftlicher Familienbetrieb family farming azienda agricola familiare Haus- und Nutzgarten kitchen garden orto domestico gruppo di aziende agricole Zusammenschluss in der Landwirtschaft grouping of farms landwirtschaftliche Genossenschaft agricultural cooperative cooperativa agricola group farming agricoltura di gruppo landwirtschaftliche Betriebsgemeinschaft landwirtschaftliche Betriebshilfe mutual assistance among farmers mutua assistenza agricola Agro-Forstwirtschaft agroforestry agrosilvicoltura Nutzung der landwirtschaftlichen Fläche cultivation of agricultural land coltivazione di terreni agricoli Anbausystem cultivation system sistema di coltura Terrassenanbau terrace cropping coltura a terrazze hydroponics coltura senza terreno bodenunabhängige Kultur Unterglasanbau glasshouse cultivation coltura in serra biologische Landwirtschaft organic farming agricoltura biologica extensive Landwirtschaft extensive farming agricoltura estensiva intensive Landwirtschaft intensive farming agricoltura intensiva coltura sotto plastica Folienanbau cultivation under plastic Trockenfeldbau dry farming aridocoltura mixed cropping policoltura vielseitiger Anbau Monokultur single-crop farming monocoltura bewässerte Kulturen irrigated agriculture coltura irrigua Wechselwirtschaft crop rotation rotazione delle colture cultivation techniques tecniche di coltivazione Anbautechnik Urbarmachung clearing of land dissodamento crop maintenance cura delle colture Pflanzenpflege Bodenverbesserung soil improvement miglioramento del suolo landwirtschaftlicher Wasserbau water management in agriculture assetto idro-agricolo Bewässerung irrigation irrigazione soil conditioning ammendamento del terreno Bodendüngung Brache fallow maggese Anpflanzung plantation piantagione Wiederbepflanzung replanting reimpianto di coltura Bodenbearbeitung soil preparation preparazione del terreno protezione del suolo Bodenschutz soil protection Ernte harvest raccolto plant health treatment trattamento fitosanitario Pflanzenschutzverfahren Bodennutzung land use utilizzazione del terreno Dauerkultur permanent crop coltura permanente grassland terreno erboso Grünland Sozialbrache abandoned land terreno abbandonato landwirtschaftliche Nutzfläche agricultural land terreno agricolo Ödland uncultivated land terreno incolto Ackerland arable land terreno arativo terreno ricuperato Neuland reclaimed land Obstfläche orchard frutteto vineyard vigna Rebfläche Landwirtschaftliches Betriebsmittel means of agricultural production mezzo di produzione agricola landwirtschaftliches Betriebsmittel means of agricultural production mezzo di produzione agricola Wirtschaftsgebäude agricultural building fabbricato rurale Silo silo silo fertiliser concime Düngemittel chemischer Dünger chemical fertiliser concime chimico organic fertiliser concime organico organischer Dünger landwirtschaftliche Ausrüstung agricultural equipment attrezzatura agricola Landmaschine agricultural machinery macchina agricola Erntemaschine harvester macchina per il raccolto tractor trattore landwirtschaftliche Zugmaschine agricultural implement attrezzo agricolo landwirtschaftliches Gerät Melkmaschine milking machine macchinario per la mungitura Pflanzgut seedling piantina Pflanzenschutzmittel plant health product prodotto fitosanitario Pestizid pesticide antiparassitario herbicide erbicida Herbizid Insektizid insecticide insetticida Saatgut seed sementi livestock bestiame Viehbestand Einhufer equidae equino sheep ovino Schaf Schwein swine suino Vieheinheit livestock unit unità di bestiame Rind cattle bovino Färse heifer giovenca bull toro Bulle Kuh cow vacca Mutterkuh suckler cow vacca in lattazione dairy cow vacca da latte Milchkuh Kalb calf vitello Ochse beef animal bue Ziege goat caprino cervide Familie der Cervidae cervidae Ren reindeer renna Landwirtschaftliche Erwerbstätigkeit agricultural activity attività agricola Viehhaltung livestock farming allevamento Bodenhaltung free-range farming allevamento al suolo intensive livestock farming allevamento intensivo intensive Viehhaltung Weidemast pasture fattening ingrassamento al pascolo Mast fattening ingrasso Bienenzucht apiculture apicoltura Tierzucht animal breeding riproduzione animale künstliche Besamung artificial insemination inseminazione artificiale sericoltura Seidenraupenzucht sericulture Stallhaltung indoor livestock farming stabulazione poultry farming avicoltura Geflügelzucht Zootechnik zootechnics zootecnia animal nutrition alimentazione animale Tierernährung Futtermittel animal feedingstuffs alimenti per il bestiame Produkt der Futtermittelindustrie manufactured feedingstuffs alimenti industriali cereal substitute succedaneo dei cereali Ersatz von Futtergetreide pflanzliche Futtermittel fodder foraggio pet food alimenti per animali domestici Nahrung für Kleinhaustiere tierische Erzeugung animal production produzione animale Wild game animal selvaggina rabbit coniglio Kaninchen landwirtschaftliches Nutztier farm animal animale da fattoria Schlachttier slaughter animal animale da macello draught animal animale da tiro Zugtier Haustier domestic animal animale domestico Zuchttier breeding animal animale da riproduzione lebendes Tier live animal animale vivo produzione di latte Milcherzeugung dairy production Geflügel poultry pollame geschlachtetes Geflügel slaughtered poultry pollame morto laying poultry pollame da uova Legegeflügel Lebendgeflügel live poultry pollame vivo pflanzliche Erzeugung crop production produzione vegetale Getreidebau cereal-growing cerealicoltura fodder-growing coltura foraggera Futterbau Obstbau fruit-growing frutticoltura industrieller Anbau agro-industrial cropping coltura industriale Gemüsebau market gardening coltura orticola Tropenkultur tropical agriculture coltura tropicale coltura alimentare Eigenbedarfskultur self-sufficiency farming Blumenkultur floriculture floricoltura horticulture orticoltura Gartenbau Pflanzenkrankheit plant disease malattia vegetale Pilzzucht mushroom-growing coltivazione dei funghi Ölpflanzenbau olive-growing oleicoltura Baumzucht arboriculture arboricoltura primizia Frühobst und Frühgemüse early fruit and vegetables Pflanzenvermehrung plant propagation riproduzione vegetale viticulture viticoltura Weinbau lebende Pflanze living plant pianta vegetante Anbau von Energiepflanzen energy crop coltura energetica Anbau von Ölpflanzen oil crop coltura oleaginosa Pflanzensorte plant variety right novità vegetale landwirtschaftliches Erzeugnis agricultural product prodotto agricolo landwirtschaftliches Nebenerzeugnis agricultural by-product sottoprodotto agricolo Gesundheit der Tiere animal health sanità animale Tierkrankheit animal disease malattia animale Maul- und Klauenseuche foot-and-mouth disease afta epizootica animal leucosis leucosi animale Tierleukose Tierpest animal plague peste animale Tollwut rabies rabbia Tiertuberkulose animal tuberculosis tubercolosi animale Brucellose brucellosis brucellosi BSE BSE BSE veterinary medicine medicina veterinaria Tiermedizin Wohlbefinden der Tiere animal welfare benessere degli animali foresta Wald forestry Waldwirtschaft forestry economics economia forestale Holzgewinnung forestry holding azienda forestale forestry group associazione forestale forstwirtschaftlicher Zusammenschluss Holzerzeugung wood production produzione di legno Statistik über die Forstwirtschaft forestry statistics statistica forestale forest foresta Wald geschützter Wald classified forest foresta protetta high forest bosco d'alto fusto Hochwald Niederwald coppiced woodland bosco ceduo Naturwald natural forest foresta naturale angelegter Wald forest plantation area boscata Baum tree albero Nadelbaum conifer pianta resinosa deciduous tree latifoglia Laubbaum foresta tropicale tropischer Regenwald tropical forest boreale Waldgesellschaften boreal forest foresta boreale Mediterranean forest foresta mediterranea mediterrane Waldgesellschaften Waldgesellschaften gemäßigter Klimazonen temperate forest foresta temperata Forstpolitik forestry policy politica forestale Forstgesetzgebung forestry legislation legislazione forestale forestry development sistemazione del patrimonio forestale Anbau des Waldes Aufforstung afforestation imboschimento Waldforschung forestry research ricerca forestale Waldeigentum forestry property proprietà forestale Staatswald publicly-owned forest foresta demaniale private forest bosco privato Privatwald Waldfläche wooded area terreno boschivo Waldbau silviculture silvicoltura nachhaltige Forstwirtschaft sustainable forest management silvicoltura sostenibile forstwirtschaftliche Zertifizierung forest certification certificazione forestale protezione forestale Waldschutz forest conservation Forstaufseher forest ranger guardia forestale Strategie der Europäischen Union für die Forstwirtschaft European forestry policy politica forestale europea EFICS EFICS EFICS Fischerei fisheries pesca Fischereiwesen fishing industry industria della pesca Fischerei mit Fabrikschiffen industrial fishing pesca industriale traditional fishing pesca tradizionale handwerkliche Fischerei Fischer fisherman pescatore Fischereierzeugnis fishery product prodotto della pesca Frischfisch fresh fish pesce fresco Fischereistatistik fishing statistics statistiche della pesca fishing grounds luogo di pesca Fanggrund Süßwasserfischerei freshwater fishing pesca d'acqua dolce sea fishing pesca marittima Seefischerei Küstenfischerei inshore fishing pesca costiera deep-sea fishing pesca d'altura Hochseefischerei Aquakultur aquaculture acquicoltura Krebstierzucht crustacean farming allevamento di crostacei fish farming piscicoltura Fischzucht Weichtierzucht shellfish farming molluschicoltura Produktion aus Aquakulturen fishery produce produzione acquicola Fischereipolitik fisheries policy politica della pesca Fischereiverwaltung fishery management gestione della pesca Erhaltung der Fischbestände conservation of fish stocks conservazione della pesca common fisheries policy politica comune della pesca gemeinsame Fischereipolitik Fischerei der Gemeinschaft Community fisheries pesca comunitaria Fischereiabkommen fishing agreement accordo di pesca Fangquote catch quota contingente di cattura Fischereiforschung fishery research ricerca alieutica Fischereizone fishing area zona di pesca Fanggebiet catch area zona di cattura regolamentazione della pesca Fischereiordnung fishing regulations Fischereirecht fishing rights diritto di pesca fishing net rete da pesca Fischernetz Fangzeit fishing season periodo di pesca Fischereischein fishing permit permesso di pesca Fischereilizenz fishing licence licenza di pesca Fangkontrolle fishing controls controllo della pesca Fischfang catch of fish cattura di pesce zurückgeworfener Fang discarded fish cattura rigettata quantity of fish landed quantità di pesce sbarcata angelandete Fangmenge zusätzliche Fangmenge by-catch cattura accessoria zulässige Gesamtfangmenge authorised catch cattura autorizzata Fangmenge nach Arten catch by species cattura per specie Gesamtfangmenge total catch cattura totale Fischereiressourcen fishery resources risorse alieutiche Krebstier crustacean crostaceo mollusc mollusco Weichtiere Plankton plankton plancton Wasserpflanze aquatic plant pianta acquatica Alge algae alga Fisch fish pesce Süßwasserfisch freshwater fish pesce d'acqua dolce sea fish pesce di mare Seefisch Fischkrankheit fish disease malattia dei salmoni Fischereistrukturen fisheries structure struttura di pesca Fischereiflotte fishing fleet flottiglia peschereccia Fischereifahrzeug fishing vessel peschereccio fishing port porto peschereccio Fischereihafen AGRI-FOODSTUFFS AGROALIMENTARE LANDWIRTSCHAFT UND ERNÄHRUNG Pflanzliches Erzeugnis plant product prodotto vegetale Obst fruit frutto Zitrusfrucht citrus fruit agrumi nut frutto a guscio Schalenfrucht Steinobst stone fruit frutto a nocciolo Kernobst pip fruit frutto a granella Frischobst fresh fruit frutta fresca tropische Frucht tropical fruit frutto tropicale uva Traube grape Beerenfrucht soft fruit frutto a bacca vegetable ortaggi Gemüse Knollengemüse bulb vegetable ortaggio a bulbo leaf vegetable ortaggio a foglia Blattgemüse Fruchtgemüse fruit vegetable ortaggio a semi Wurzelgemüse root vegetable ortaggio a radici Frischgemüse fresh vegetable ortaggi freschi Hülsenfrucht leguminous vegetable leguminose legume perenne ausdauerndes Gemüse perennial vegetable Futterpflanze fodder plant pianta foraggera Luzerne lucerne erba medica clover trifoglio Klee industriell angebaute Pflanze industrial plant pianta industriale Hopfen hops luppolo aromatic plant pianta aromatica Duftpflanze Arzneipflanze medical plant pianta medicinale Tabak tobacco tabacco Zuckerrohr sugar cane canna da zucchero Ölpflanze oleaginous plant pianta oleaginosa Öllein seed flax lino oleaginoso palm nut noce di palma Palmnuss Olive olive oliva Erdnuss groundnut arachide Rizinus castor bean ricino Sesam sesame sesamo soia Soja soya bean Sonnenblume sunflower girasole oil seed rape colza Raps Hackfrucht root crop pianta da sarchiatura Jamswurzel yam igname cassava manioca Manihot Kartoffel potato patata Futterrübe fodder beet barbabietola da foraggio Zuckerrübe sugar beet barbabietola da zucchero pianta tessile Textilpflanze textile plant Baumwolle cotton cotone jute iuta Jute Kapok kapok capoc Flachs flax lino Sisal sisal sisal Hanf hemp canapa tropische Pflanze tropical plant pianta tropicale Tee tea tè cocoa cacao Kakao Kaffee coffee caffè cereals cereale Getreide Mais maize mais meslin segalata Mengkorn Hirse millet miglio Gerste barley orzo Reis rice riso Buchweizen buckwheat grano saraceno segale Roggen rye Sorghum sorghum sorgo oats avena Hafer Triticum triticale triticale Weizen wheat grano Hartweizen durum wheat grano duro common wheat grano tenero Weichweizen Getreide für die menschliche Ernährung food cereals cereali destinati all'alimentazione Brotgetreide cereals of bread-making quality cereali per panificazione Futtergetreide fodder cereals cereali da foraggio animal product prodotto animale Tierisches Erzeugnis tierisches Erzeugnis animal product prodotto animale Wolle wool lana honey miele Honig Ei egg uovo Tierhaut animal skin pelle animale Seide silk seta Fleisch meat carne Innereien offal frattaglie game meat carne di selvaggina Wildfleisch Kaninchenfleisch rabbit meat carne di coniglio Rindfleisch beef carne bovina Kalbfleisch veal carne di vitello Ziegenfleisch goatmeat carne caprina Pferdefleisch horsemeat carne equina carne di bufalo Büffelfleisch buffalo meat Geflügelfleisch poultrymeat carne di pollame boned meat carne disossata entbeintes Fleisch Frischfleisch fresh meat carne fresca Schaffleisch sheepmeat carne ovina Schweinefleisch pigmeat carne suina carcassa Tierkörper carcase tierische Substanz material of animal origin sostanza di origine animale Landwirtschaftliches Verarbeitungserzeugnis processed agricultural produce prodotto agricolo trasformato Fettkörper fats sostanza grassa tierisches Fett animal fats sostanza grassa animale tierisches Öl animal oil olio animale fish oil olio di pesce Fischöl Schmalz lard strutto vegetable fats sostanza grassa vegetale pflanzliches Fett pflanzliches Öl vegetable oil olio vegetale Erdnussöl groundnut oil olio di arachidi olive oil olio d'oliva Olivenöl Sojaöl soya bean oil olio di soia Sonnenblumenöl sunflower seed oil olio di girasole Maisöl maize oil olio di mais vegetable butter burro vegetale Pflanzenbutter Speisefett food fat grasso alimentare technisches Fett industrial fat grasso industriale Margarine margarine margarina milk product prodotto lattiero-caseario Milcherzeugnis Rahm cream crema dairy ice cream gelato Speiseeis Käse cheese formaggio Schnittkäse semi-soft cheese formaggio a pasta semimorbida hard cheese formaggio a pasta dura Hartkäse Weichkäse soft cheese formaggio a pasta morbida Käse mit Schimmelbildung im Teig blue-veined cheese formaggio a pasta erborinata Schafskäse sheep's milk cheese formaggio di pecora Ziegenkäse goats’ milk cheese formaggio di capra formaggio di mucca Kuhkäse cows’ milk cheese Schmelzkäse processed cheese formaggio fuso fresh cheese formaggio fresco Frischkäse Milch milk latte Trinkmilch drinking milk latte da bere raw milk latte crudo Rohmilch Magermilch skimmed milk latte scremato Vollmilch whole milk latte intero homogenisierte Milch homogenised milk latte omogeneizzato pasteurisierte Milch pasteurised milk latte pastorizzato latte sterilizzato sterilisierte Milch sterilised milk Kondensmilch concentrated milk latte concentrato Milchpulver powdered milk latte in polvere latte fermentato fermentierte Milch fermented milk Jogurt yoghourt iogurt Milchfett milk fat sostanza grassa del latte skimmed milk powder latte scremato in polvere Magermilchpulver Milchnebenerzeugnis milk by-product sottoprodotto del latte Butter butter burro Butteroil butter oil butteroil Eiweißerzeugnis protein products prodotto proteico tierisches Eiweiß animal protein proteina animale synthetic protein proteina sintetica Eiweiß-Substitut Milcheiweiß milk protein proteina del latte pflanzliches Eiweiß vegetable protein proteina vegetale ätherisches Öl essential oil olio essenziale Getränk und Zucker beverages and sugar bevande e zucchero Zucker sugar zucchero Glukose glucose glucosio isoglucose isoglucosio Isoglukose Laktose lactose lattosio Saccharose sucrose saccarosio Weißzucker white sugar zucchero bianco Rohzucker raw sugar zucchero grezzo zucchero di barbabietola Rübenzucker beet sugar Rohrzucker cane sugar zucchero di canna beverage bevanda Getränk alkoholisches Getränk alcoholic beverage bevanda alcolica Branntwein spirits acquavite alcohol alcol Alkohol Likör liqueur liquore Aperitif aperitif aperitivo Wein wine vino aromatisierter Wein flavoured wine vino aromatizzato white wine vino bianco Weißwein Landwein local wine vino locale Qualitätswein wine of superior quality vino di qualità superiore Tafelwein table wine vino da tavola Flaschenwein bottled wine vino in bottiglia vino corroborato gespriteter Wein fortified wine Schaumwein sparkling wine vino spumante rosé wine vino rosato Roséwein Rotwein red wine vino rosso Stillwein still wine vino tranquillo Champagner champagne champagne Bier beer birra sidro Apfelwein cider non-alcoholic beverage bevanda analcolica alkoholfreies Getränk Mineralwasser mineral water acqua minerale fruit juice succo di frutta Fruchtsaft Gemüsesaft vegetable juice succo d'ortaggi kohlensäurehaltiges Getränk aerated drink bibita gassata Nahrungsmittel foodstuff prodotto alimentare behandeltes Lebensmittel processed foodstuff alimenti trattati Nahrungsmittelkonzentrat concentrated product prodotto concentrato frozen product prodotto congelato gefrorenes Lebensmittel dehydriertes Lebensmittel desiccated product prodotto disidratato geräuchertes Lebensmittel smoked product prodotto affumicato Instantlebensmittel instant product prodotto istantaneo bestrahltes Lebensmittel irradiated product prodotto irradiato prodotto liofilizzato gefriergetrocknetes Lebensmittel freeze-dried product rekombiniertes Lebensmittel reconstituted product prodotto ricostituito refrigerated product prodotto refrigerato gekühltes Lebensmittel eingesalzenes Lebensmittel salted product prodotto salato tiefgefrorenes Lebensmittel deep-frozen product prodotto surgelato gedörrtes Lebensmittel dried product prodotto essiccato Konservenerzeugnis preserved product prodotto in scatola foodstuff prodotto alimentare Nahrungsmittel verderbliches Lebensmittel perishable goods derrata deperibile fresh product prodotto fresco Frischprodukt Erzeugnis der biologischen Landwirtschaft organic product prodotto biologico zubereitetes Lebensmittel processed food product prodotto alimentare complesso Würze condiment condimento baby food alimento per l'infanzia Kindernahrung Muttermilch mother's milk latte materno verzehrfertiges Lebensmittel prepared foodstuff alimenti preparati Stärke starch amido Eierzeugnis egg product prodotto a base di uova Getreideerzeugnis cereal product prodotto a base di cereali Getreidemehl cereal flour farina di cereali cereal flakes fiocco di cereali Getreideflocken Grobgrieß groat semolino Malz malt malto Brot bread pane Teigware pasta pasta alimentare semola Feingrieß meal prodotto a base di frutta Obsterzeugnis fruit product Gemüseerzeugnis vegetable product prodotto a base di ortaggi fish product prodotto a base di pesce Fischerzeugnis Zuckererzeugnis sugar product prodotto a base di zucchero Melasse molasses melassa syrup sciroppo Sirup Fleischerzeugnis meat product prodotto a base di carne Süßware confectionery product dolciumi diätetisches Lebensmittel dietary product prodotto dietetico surrogato alimentare Ersatzlebensmittel food substitute Gelatine gelatine gelatina food supplement integratore alimentare Nahrungsergänzungsmittel Landwirtschafts- und Ernährungssektor agri-foodstuffs industria agro-alimentare Landwirtschafts- und Ernährungssektor agri-foodstuffs industria agroalimentare Agro-Industrie agro-industry agroindustria tobacco industry industria del tabacco Tabakindustrie Nahrungsmittelerzeugung food production produzione alimentare Lebensmittelchemie food chemistry chimica degli alimenti food industry industria alimentare Lebensmittelindustrie Süßwarenindustrie confectionery industria della confetteria cannery industria conserviera Konservenfabrik Käserei cheese factory industria casearia Ölmühle oil mill industria olearia Fleischindustrie meat processing industry industria della carne Getränkeindustrie beverage industry industria delle bevande industria saccarifera Zuckerindustrie sugar industry Milchindustrie dairy industry industria lattiera flour milling industria molitoria Müllerei Konditorei pastry-making industria pasticcera Kantinenverpflegung catering ristorazione collettiva Keksfabrik biscuit factory biscottificio Bäckerei bakery industria della panificazione tecnologia alimentare Lebensmitteltechnologie food technology Lebensmitteltechnologie food technology tecnologia alimentare Lebensmittelkonservierung food preserving conservazione degli alimenti Gefrieren freezing congelazione dehydration disidratazione Wasserentzug Gefriertrocknung freeze-drying liofilizzazione Pasteurisieren pasteurisation pastorizzazione Bestrahlung irradiation irradiamento Tiefgefrieren deep-freezing surgelamento denaturing denaturazione Denaturierung Destillation distillation distillazione Schlachtung slaughter of animals macellazione di animali Brotherstellung bread-making panificazione Zuckerraffination sugar refining raffinazione dello zucchero stoccaggio degli alimenti Lebensmittellagerung storage of food Lebensmittelverarbeitung food processing trasformazione alimentare vinification vinificazione Weinbereitung Weinzuckerung chaptalisation zuccheraggio food additive additivo alimentare Lebensmittelzusatzstoff Konservierungsstoff preservative agente conservante sweetener dolcificante Süßungsmittel Lebensmittelemulgator food emulsifier emulsionante alimentare Spurenelement trace element oligoelemento Geschmacksstoff flavouring sostanza aromatizzante Strukturfestiger texture agent additivo di struttura colorante alimentare Lebensmittelfarbstoff food colouring künstlicher Lebensmittelfarbstoff artificial food colouring colorante alimentare artificiale natural food colouring colorante alimentare naturale natürlicher Lebensmittelfarbstoff PRODUKTION, TECHNOLOGIE UND FORSCHUNG PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH PRODUZIONE, TECNOLOGIA E RICERCA Produktion production produzione Produktionspolitik production policy politica di produzione Diversifizierung der Produktion product diversification diversificazione della produzione production improvement miglioramento della produzione Produktionsverbesserung Organisation der Produktion organisation of production organizzazione della produzione Instandhaltung maintenance manutenzione assembly line production produzione a catena Fließbandproduktion laufende Produktion continuous production produzione continua Massenproduktion mass production produzione di massa Umschlag von Gütern handling movimentazione Weitervergabe an Nachunternehmer subcontracting subappalto Auslagerung outsourcing esternalizzazione Produktionsplanung production planning pianificazione della produzione Produktionsziel production target obiettivo di produzione Verteilung der Produktion distribution of production distribuzione della produzione Produktionsquote production quota quota di produzione specializzazione della produzione Spezialisierung der Produktion product specialisation Produktionssteigerung increase in production incremento produttivo production capacity capacità produttiva Produktionskapazität Kostenersparnis durch Großserienfertigung economies of scale economia di scala underproduction produzione deficitaria Unterproduktion Produktionsüberschuss production surplus eccedenza di produzione Überproduktion over-production sovrapproduzione Produktionsfaktor factor of production fattore produttivo Art der Erzeugung mode of production modo di produzione Produktionstechnik production technique tecnica di produzione production produzione Produktion Gemeinschaftsproduktion Community production produzione comunitaria Lagerbestände der Gemeinschaft Community stock scorte comunitarie world production produzione mondiale Weltproduktion Weltlagerbestände world stock scorte mondiali Inlandsproduktion national production produzione nazionale Produktionsstatistik production statistics statistica di produzione überhöhte Lagerbestände surplus stock scorte in eccedenza technology and technical regulations tecnologia e regolamentazione tecnica Technologie und technische Regelungen industrielle Fertigung industrial manufacturing fabbricazione industriale Produktgestaltung product design progettazione di un prodotto Erprobung testing collaudo prototype prototipo Prototyp production control controllo della produzione Produktionskontrolle Qualitätsprüfung von Industrieerzeugnissen quality control of industrial products controllo di qualità dei prodotti industriali Industriespionage industrial espionage spionaggio industriale Mechanisierung mechanisation meccanizzazione Robotereinsatz robotisation robotizzazione Industrieroboter industrial robot robot industriali segreto industriale Industriegeheimnis industrial secret Automatisierung automation automazione technical regulations regolamentazione tecnica technische Regelungen Normung standardisation normalizzazione Musterzulassung approval omologazione gemeinschaftliche Zertifizierung Community certification certificazione comunitaria standard norma Norm Qualitätsnorm quality standard norma di qualità safety standard norma di sicurezza Sicherheitsnorm technische Norm technical standard norma tecnica Fertigungsstandard production standard norma di produzione internationale Norm international standard norma internazionale europäische Norm European standard norma europea Angleichung der Normen harmonisation of standards armonizzazione delle norme EG-Konformitätszeichen EC conformity marking marcatura CE di conformità technical specification specifica tecnica technische Beschreibung technische Vorschrift technical rule regolamento tecnico Maße und Gewichte weights and measures pesi e misure fortgeschrittener Werkstoff advanced materials materiale di punta supraleitfähige Legierung superconducting alloy lega superconduttrice composite materials materiale composito Verbundmaterial technische Keramik technical ceramics ceramica tecnica Spezialpolymer special polymer polimero speciale amorpher Werkstoff amorphous materials materiale amorfo ultrafeines Partikel ultra-fine particle particella ultrafine biomateriale biologischer Werkstoff biomaterials Memory-Legierung shape-memory alloy lega dotata di memoria Technologie technology tecnologia neue Technologie new technology nuova tecnologia recycling technology tecnologia del riciclaggio Recycling-Technologie Biotechnologie biotechnology biotecnologia biologisches Verfahren bioprocess bioprocesso bio-industry bioindustria Bioindustrie Gentechnologie genetic engineering ingegneria genetica genetisch veränderter Organismus genetically modified organism organismo geneticamente modificato transgenes Tier transgenic animal animale transgenico transgenic plant pianta transgenica transgene Pflanze cloning clonazione Klonen Biokonversion bioconversion bioconversione Biomasse biomass biomassa Know-how know-how know-how Technologietransfer technology transfer trasferimento tecnologico COCOM COCOM COCOM diffusion of innovations diffusione delle innovazioni Innovationsverbreitung technologischer Wandel technological change trasformazione tecnologica tecnologia duale Technologie mit doppeltem Verwendungszweck dual-use technology Produkt mit doppeltem Verwendungszweck dual-use good bene a doppio uso Wahl einer Technologie choice of technology scelta di tecnologia Technologiebewertung technology assessment valutazione tecnologica technologische Zukunftsforschung prospective technological studies prospettiva tecnologica clean technology tecnologia pulita saubere Technologie herkömmliche Technologie traditional technology tecnologia tradizionale sanfte Technologie soft technology tecnologia dolce vermittelnde Technologie intermediate technology tecnologia intermedia obsolete technology tecnologia obsoleta veraltete Technologie Benchmarking benchmarking analisi comparativa delle prestazioni digitale Technologie digital technology tecnologia digitale Nanotechnik [V4.2] nanotechnology [V4.2] nanotecnologia [V4.2] Materialtechnologie materials technology tecnologia dei materiali technologisches Verfahren technological process processo tecnologico chemisches Verfahren chemical process processo chimico electrical process processo elettrico Elektroverfahren physikalisches Verfahren physical process processo fisico non-flat product prodotto non piatto Runderzeugnis Draht wire filo ingot lingotto Barren Rohr tube tubo Band strip banda Stab bar barra Flacherzeugnis flat product prodotto piatto Platte plate piatto sheet lamiera Blech dünne Folie thin sheet foglio sottile Profil section profilato Materialfestigkeit resistance of materials resistenza dei materiali Forschung und geistiges Eigentum research and intellectual property ricerca e proprietà intellettuale Forschungspolitik research policy politica della ricerca Forschungsprogramm research programme programma di ricerca scientific progress progresso scientifico wissenschaftlicher Fortschritt Forschungsvorhaben research project progetto di ricerca wissenschaftlich-technischer Beruf scientific profession professioni scientifiche Forschungsetat research budget bilancio per la ricerca Eureka Eureka Eureka personale di ricerca Forschungspersonal research staff Forschungspolitik der Gemeinschaft Community research policy politica comunitaria di ricerca AWTF CREST CREST industry-research relations rapporto industria-ricerca Beziehung Industrie/Forschung Forschungsstelle research body centro di ricerca COST COST COST Forschung und Entwicklung research and development ricerca e sviluppo intellectual property proprietà intellettuale geistiges Eigentum Urheberrecht copyright diritto d'autore Folgerecht des Urhebers des Originals eines Kunstwerkes artist's resale right diritto di seguito industrial property proprietà industriale gewerbliches Eigentum Nachahmung industrial counterfeiting contraffazione patents licence licenza di brevetto Patentlizenz Warenzeichen trademark marcatura Handelsmarke brand name marchio commerciale registered trademark marchio depositato eingetragenes Warenzeichen Markenrecht trademark law diritto dei marchi europäische Marke European trademark marchio europeo Muster und Modell designs and models disegno e modello Patent patent brevetto Patentrecht patent law diritto dei brevetti European patent brevetto europeo europäisches Patent Forschung research ricerca Innovation innovation innovazione invention invenzione Erfindung Forschungsmethode research method metodo di ricerca Bewertungsverfahren evaluation method metodo di valutazione observation osservazione Beobachtung Simulation simulation simulazione vergleichender Test comparative analysis analisi comparativa Ursachenanalyse analysis of causes analisi delle cause qualitative Analyse qualitative analysis analisi qualitativa Rückverfolgbarkeit traceability tracciabilità analisi quantitativa quantitative Analyse quantitative analysis Vorsorgeprinzip precautionary principle principio di precauzione angewandte Forschung applied research ricerca applicata Industrieforschung industrial research ricerca industriale wissenschaftliche Forschung scientific research ricerca scientifica wissenschaftliche Entdeckung scientific discovery scoperta scientifica esperimento su animali Versuch am Tier experiment on animals Versuch am Menschen experiment on humans esperimento sull'uomo company research ricerca in seno all'impresa innerbetriebliche Forschung Grundlagenforschung basic research ricerca di base militärische Forschung military research ricerca militare Hochschulforschung university research ricerca universitaria Organisation der Forschung organisation of research organizzazione della ricerca ricerca sul campo Vor-Ort-Untersuchung field research Forschungsergebnis research results risultato della ricerca scientific report perizia scientifica wissenschaftliches Gutachten Weltraumpolitik space policy politica spaziale Weltraumforschung space research ricerca spaziale Einrichtung im Weltraum space station stazione orbitale ENERGY ENERGIA ENERGIE Energiepolitik energy policy politica energetica Energiepolitik energy policy politica energetica Energiekrise energy crisis crisi energetica energy distribution distribuzione d'energia Energieverteilung Energierecht energy law normativa energetica Atomrecht nuclear law legislazione in materia nucleare Energieeinsparung energy saving risparmio energetico Sommerzeit summertime ora legale energy recovery recupero dell'energia Energierückgewinnung Energiestandort energy site localizzazione dell'energia Energieforschung energy research ricerca energetica disattivazione di centrale Kraftwerksstilllegung decommissioning of power stations Agro-Energie agro-energy energia di origine agricola siting of power stations insediamento di centrale Kraftwerksstandort Energiespeicherung energy storage immagazzinamento dell'energia strategische Lagerhaltung strategic reserves riserva strategica Energietransport energy transport trasporto d'energia friedliche Nutzung von Energie peaceful use of energy impiego pacifico dell'energia Energiebilanz energy audit bilancio energetico Energieverbrauch energy consumption consumo d'energia energy demand fabbisogno energetico Energiebedarf verfügbare Energiemenge available energy resources disponibilità d'energia Energieangebot available energy offerta d'energia Energieversorgung energy supply approvvigionamento d'energia Energiepreis price of energy prezzo dell'energia produzione d'energia Energieerzeugung energy production Energienutzung energy use utilizzazione dell'energia energy efficiency rendimento energetico energetischer Wirkungsgrad indipendenza energetica Unabhängigkeit in der Energieversorgung self-sufficiency in energy Energienetz energy grid rete energetica substitute fuel combustibile di sostituzione Substitutionsbrennstoff Ethanol ethanol etanolo methanol metanolo Methanol Gasohol gasohol miscela benzina-alcol Alkoholkraftstoff motor spirit alcol per trazione Europäische Energiecharta European Energy Charter Carta europea dell'energia Diversifizierung der Energieversorgung energy diversification diversificazione energetica energy industry industria energetica Energiewirtschaft Energieumwandlung energy conversion conversione dell'energia hard energy energia dura harte Energie Energieträger energy-generating product prodotto energetico Energietechnologie energy technology tecnologia energetica Brennstoffzelle fuel cell pila a combustibile Brennstoff fuel combustibile Gas gas gas Erdgas-Lagerstätte gas field giacimento di gas fossil fuel combustibile fossile fossiler Brennstoff Torf peat torba coal and mining industries industria carboniera e mineraria Kohleindustrie und Bergbau Bergbau mining industry industria mineraria Schürfung mineral prospecting prospezione mineraria ore deposit giacimento minerario Erzlagerstätte Bergwerksbetrieb mining operation sfruttamento delle miniere Erzproduktion mining production produzione mineraria Erzbergbau mining of ore coltivazione mineraria bergbauliche Förderung mining extraction estrazione mineraria drilling trivellazione Bohrung Offshore-Bohrung offshore drilling trivellazione in mare Tiefbohrgeräte und -anlagen drilling equipment materiale di trivellazione Erzaufbereitung ore processing trattamento del minerale mining product prodotto minerario bergbauliches Erzeugnis Nichterz non-metallic ore minerale non metallico Asbest asbestos amianto salt sale Salz Phosphat phosphate fosfato Pottasche potash potassa Schwefel sulphur zolfo precious stones pietra preziosa Edelstein metallisches Erz metallic ore minerale metallico Eisenerz iron ore minerale di ferro non-ferrous ore minerale non ferroso NE-Erz Bauxit bauxite bauxite bituminöses Material bituminous materials sostanza bituminosa Steine und Erden earths and stones terre e pietre Kohlenbergbau coal industry industria carboniera Kohlepolitik coalmining policy politica carboniera coal processing trattamento del carbone Kohleaufbereitung Kohlechemie coal by-products industry carbochimica Kohle coal carbone Braunkohle lignite lignite coke coke Koks Kohlenabbau coal mining miniera di carbone Erdölindustrie oil industry industria petrolifera Kohlenwasserstoff hydrocarbon idrocarburo Erdgas natural gas gas naturale Gewinnung von Erdgas gas industry industria del gas petroleum petrolio Erdöl Rohöl crude oil petrolio greggio offshore oil petrolio marino Schelföl Speicherung von Kohlenwasserstoffen storage of hydrocarbons immagazzinaggio di idrocarburi oil industry industria petrolifera Erdölindustrie Erdölpolitik petroleum policy politica petrolifera petroleum exploration esplorazione petrolifera Erdölsuche Erdölförderung extraction of oil estrazione petrolifera Offshore-Anlage offshore structure impianto a mare Erdölproduktion petroleum production produzione di petrolio Erdöltechnologie oil technology tecnologia petrolifera Erdölraffination oil refining raffinazione del petrolio giacimento di petrolio Erdöl-Lagerstätte oilfield Petrochemie petrochemicals petrolchimica Erdölerzeugnis petroleum product prodotto petrolifero Schweröl heavy oil olio pesante mineral oil olio minerale Mineralöl Butan butane butano Paraffin paraffin paraffina Heizöl fuel oil nafta Propan propane gas propano carburante Kraftstoff motor fuel Benzin petrol benzina bleifreies Benzin lead-free petrol benzina senza piombo diesel fuel gasolio Dieselkraftstoff Kerosin aviation fuel carburante d'aviazione Elektrizitäts- und Kernkraftindustrie electrical and nuclear industries industria nucleare ed elettrica Kernenergie nuclear energy energia nucleare radioaktiver Stoff radioactive materials sostanza radioattiva Plutonium plutonium plutonio uranium uranio Uran nuclear fuel combustibile nucleare Kernbrennstoff bestrahlter Brennstoff irradiated fuel combustibile irraggiato nuclear industry industria nucleare Atomindustrie Kernenergiepolitik nuclear policy politica nucleare Kernforschung nuclear research ricerca nucleare nuclear safety sicurezza nucleare nukleare Sicherheit nuklearer Unfall nuclear accident incidente nucleare radioactivity radioattività Radioaktivität Strahlenschutz radiation protection radioprotezione Kerntechnologie nuclear technology tecnologia nucleare Brennstoffanreicherung fuel enrichment arricchimento del combustibile nuclear test esperimento nucleare Kernwaffenversuch Kernspaltung nuclear fission fissione nucleare Kernfusion nuclear fusion fusione nucleare Wiederaufbereitung des Brennstoffs fuel reprocessing ritrattamento del combustibile Reaktorkühlung reactor cooling system raffreddamento del reattore chimica nucleare Nuklearchemie nuclear chemistry Elektrizitätsindustrie electrical industry industria elettrica elektrische Energie electrical energy energia elettrica hydroelectric power energia idroelettrica hydroelektrische Energie Kraftwerk power plant stazione energetica hydroelektrische Anlage hydroelectric development impianto idroelettrico Kernkraftwerk nuclear power station centrale nucleare Kernreaktor nuclear reactor reattore nucleare Brutreaktor breeder reactor surrigeneratore Sanfte Energie soft energy energia dolce sanfte Energie soft energy energia dolce Wellenenergie wave energy energia delle onde wind energy energia eolica Windenergie geothermische Energie geothermal energy energia geotermica Wasserkraft hydraulic energy energia idraulica Gezeitenenergie tidal energy energia mareomotrice erneuerbare Energie renewable energy energia rinnovabile energia solare Sonnenenergie solar energy Anwendung der Sonnenenergie solar energy end-use applications applicazione solare photovoltaic cell fotopila Solarzelle Solararchitektur solar architecture architettura solare Sonnenkollektor solar collector collettore solare Wärmeenergie thermal energy energia termica bioenergy bioenergia Bioenergie Biogas biogas biogas INDUSTRIE INDUSTRY INDUSTRIA Industriepolitik und Industriestruktur industrial structures and policy politiche e strutture industriali Industriepolitik industrial policy politica industriale industrielle Entwicklung industrial development sviluppo industriale industrial financing finanziamento dell'industria Finanzierung der Industrie Industriedarlehen industrial credit credito industriale industrial investment investimento industriale Industrieinvestition Industrialisierung industrialisation industrializzazione Industrieinfrastruktur industrial infrastructure infrastruttura industriale Industrieausrüstung industrial equipment attrezzatura industriale turnkey factory impianto chiavi in mano schlüsselfertige Fabrik Industriegebäude industrial building edificio per uso industriale Modernisierung der Industrie modernisation of industry ammodernamento industriale Industrieplanung industrial planning pianificazione industriale prezzo industriale Industriepreis industrial price Einstandspreis delivered price prezzo franco domicilio Industrievorhaben industrial project progetto industriale inter-industrial relations rapporto interindustriale Verflechtung zwischen Industrien Neuordnung der Industrie industrial reorganisation riorganizzazione industriale Umstellung der Industrie industrial conversion riconversione industriale industrial restructuring ristrutturazione industriale Umstrukturierung der Industrie Industriepolitik der Gemeinschaft Community industrial policy politica industriale comunitaria europäischer Industrieraum European industrial area spazio industriale europeo Industrieansiedlung location of industry insediamento industriale Industriekonzentration industrial concentration concentrazione industriale industrial-free zone zona franca industriale industrielle Freizone Technologiepark technology park parco tecnologico rivoluzione industriale industrielle Revolution industrial revolution Industriestatistik industrial statistics statistica industriale industrial production produzione industriale Industrieproduktion Industrieerzeugnis industrial product prodotto industriale Substitutionserzeugnis substitute product prodotto sostitutivo manufactured goods manufatto Fertigerzeugnis Halberzeugnis semi-manufactured goods prodotto semilavorato Recyclingprodukt recycled product prodotto riciclato new product prodotto nuovo neues Erzeugnis Nebenerzeugnis by-product sottoprodotto technischer Beruf technical profession professioni tecniche Ingenieur engineer ingegnere Industriestruktur industrial structures struttura industriale hoch entwickelte Industrie advanced technology industry industria di punta processing industry industria di trasformazione verarbeitende Industrie Exportindustrie export industry industria esportatrice Leichtindustrie light industry industria leggera Schwerindustrie heavy industry industria pesante Handwerk handicrafts artigianato handwerkliche Produktion craft production produzione artigianale piccole e medie industrie Klein- und mittlere Industrie small and medium industries Kleinindustrie small industry piccola industria medium-sized industry media industria mittlere Industrie chemistry chimica Chemie chemische Industrie chemical industry industria chimica Gummiindustrie rubber industry industria della gomma Bereifung pneumatic tyre pneumatico synthetic rubber gomma sintetica synthetischer Kautschuk Naturkautschuk natural rubber gomma naturale glass industry industria del vetro Glasindustrie Glasfaser glass fibre fibra di vetro glass vetro Glas Wasserstofferzeugung hydrogen production produzione d'idrogeno chemisches Erzeugnis chemical product prodotto chimico chemische Grundstoffindustrie raw chemical industry industria chimica di base Farbstoffindustrie dyestuffs industry industria dei coloranti Farbstoff dyestuff colorante fertiliser industry industria dei fertilizzanti Düngemittelindustrie Kunststoffindustrie plastics industry industria delle materie plastiche Kunststoff plastics materia plastica Polymer polymer polimero Farbe und Lack paints and varnishes industria di pitture e vernici Pestizidindustrie pesticides industry industria degli antiparassitari Chemieunfall chemical accident incidente chimico special chemicals chimica secondaria Parachemie Klebstoff adhesive adesivo adjuvant coadiuvante Behandlungsstoff Aerosol aerosol aerosol Sprengstoff explosive esplosivo Isolierstoff insulator isolante Schmiermittel lubricants lubrificante plastificante Weichmacher plasticiser Reinigungsmittel polishing and scouring preparations prodotto per la casa solvent solvente Lösungsmittel Erzeugung von Kosmetika cosmetics industry industria cosmetica kosmetisches Erzeugnis cosmetic product prodotto cosmetico chemisches Element chemical element elemento chimico Halogen halogen alogeno Fluor fluorine fluoro iodine iodio Jod Brom bromine bromo Chlor chlorine cloro hydrogen idrogeno Wasserstoff Metalloid metalloid metalloide Sauerstoff oxygen ossigeno Phosphor phosphorus fosforo Stickstoff nitrogen azoto carbonio Kohlenstoff carbon Edelgas rare gas gas raro chemische Verbindung chemical compound composto chimico anorganische Verbindung mineral compound composto minerale chemical alcohol alcol chimico chemischer Alkohol Anhydrid anhydride anidride Oxid oxide ossido anorganisches chemisches Erzeugnis inorganic chemical product prodotto chimico inorganico organisches chemisches Erzeugnis organic chemical prodotto chimico organico organische Säure organic acid acido organico sale chimico chemisches Salz chemical salt Säure acid acido anorganische Säure inorganic acid acido inorganico Metallindustrie, Eisen und Stahl iron, steel and other metal industries metallurgia e siderurgia Eisen- und Stahlindustrie iron and steel industry industria siderurgica Erzeugnis der Eisen- und Stahlindustrie iron and steel product prodotto siderurgico Gusseisen cast-iron ghisa special steels acciai speciali Sonderstähle Stahl steel acciaio iron and steel-working machinery macchinari siderurgici Anlage der Eisen- und Stahlindustrie metals metallo Metall Legierung alloy lega ferrous metal metallo ferroso Eisenmetall Eisen iron ferro Schwermetall heavy metal metallo pesante NE-Metall non-ferrous metal metallo non ferroso Kupfer copper rame tin stagno Zinn Aluminium aluminium alluminio Magnesium magnesium magnesio Mangan manganese manganese Quecksilber mercury mercurio molibdeno Molybdän molybdenum Nickel nickel nickel lead piombo Blei Kalium potassium potassio Antimon antimony antimonio Beryllium beryllium berillio Kadmium cadmium cadmio tantalio Tantal tantalum Titan titanium titanio tungsten tungsteno Wolfram Vanadium vanadium vanadio Zink zinc zinco Wismut bismuth bismuto Natrium sodium sodio calcio Kalzium calcium Chrom chromium cromo cobalt cobalto Kobalt Edelmetall precious metal metallo prezioso Gold gold oro platinum platino Platin Silber silver argento Ferrolegierung ferro-alloy ferrolega semimetallo Halbmetall semi-metal Spezialmetall special metal metallo speciale Metallindustrie metallurgical industry industria metallurgica Elektrometallurgie electrometallurgy elettrometallurgia metalwork carpenteria metallica Metallbau Pulvermetallurgie powder metallurgy metallurgia delle polveri Metallmobiliar metal furniture mobili metallici Metallerzeugnis metal product prodotto metallico Bolzen- und Schraubenherstellung bolt and screw industry industria di bulloni e viti lattoneria e coltelleria Spenglerei und Schneidwarenherstellung tinplate and cutlery industry Eisenwaren ironmongery ferramenta iron product fucinato Schmiedeerzeugnis Metallbeschichtung metal coating rivestimento dei metalli Metallnebenerzeugnis metal by-product sottoprodotto metallico Metallverarbeitung metalworking lavorazione dei metalli Mechanische Industrie mechanical engineering industria meccanica mechanische Industrie mechanical engineering industria meccanica Schiffbau shipbuilding costruzioni navali aeronautical industry industria aeronautica Luftfahrtindustrie Raumfahrtindustrie aerospace industry industria aerospaziale Kraftfahrzeugindustrie motor vehicle industry industria automobilistica Werkzeugmaschinenindustrie machine-tool industry industria delle macchine utensili allgemeiner Maschinenbau general mechanical engineering meccanica generale industria di biciclette e motocicli Zweiradindustrie cycle and motorcycle industry Maschinenwerkzeug tool industry utensileria railway industry industria ferroviaria Lokomotiv- und Wagonbau machinery macchina Maschine hydraulische Maschine hydraulic machinery macchina idraulica machine tool macchina utensile Werkzeugmaschine pneumatische Maschine pneumatic machinery macchina pneumatica Hebezeug hoisting equipment apparecchi di sollevamento Motor engine motore Dieselmotor diesel engine motore diesel Pumpe pump pompa turbina Turbine turbine mechanische Geräte und Anlagen mechanical equipment attrezzatura meccanica Ersatzteil spare part pezzo di ricambio bearing cuscinetto mechanische Lager Rohre piping conduttura Feinmechanik precision engineering meccanica di precisione Uhrenindustrie clock and watch industry industria degli orologi optical industry industria ottica optische Industrie Messgerät measuring equipment strumento di misura Präzisionsgerät precision instrument apparecchio di precisione wissenschaftliches Gerät scientific apparatus strumento scientifico Druckbehälter pressure equipment apparecchiatura sotto pressione heiztechnische Ausrüstung thermal equipment attrezzatura termica Ofen furnace forno heat pump pompa di calore Wärmepumpe Kühlanlage cold store impianto frigorifero Kessel boiler caldaia Gasgerät gas appliance apparecchio a gas Elektronik und Elektrotechnik electronics and electrical engineering elettronica ed elettrotecnica elektronische Industrie electronics industry industria elettronica elektronisches Bauteil electronic component componente elettronico electronic equipment attrezzatura elettronica Elektronikausrüstung Büromaschine office equipment macchina per ufficio elektronisches Gerät electronic device strumento elettronico Strahlengerät apparatus based on the use of rays apparecchio generatore di radiazioni Mikroelektronik microelectronics microelettronica electrical engineering industria elettrotecnica elektrotechnische Industrie elektrischer Leuchtkörper lighting equipment materiale d'illuminazione electrical equipment materiale elettrico Elektromaterial elektrischer Akkumulator electricity storage device accumulatore elettrico Elektrokabel electric cable cavo elettrico Elektrohaushaltsgerät household electrical appliance apparecchio elettrodomestico Elektromaschine electric machinery macchina elettrica industrielle Elektromaschine industrial electric machinery macchina elettrica industriale elektromagnetisches Material electro-magnetic equipment materiale elettromagnetico Bauindustrie und öffentliches Bauwesen building and public works edilizia e lavori pubblici Bauindustrie building industry industria edile Stahlbau metal structure costruzione metallica building materials materiali da costruzione Baustoffe feuerfestes Material heat-resisting materials materiali refrattari plaster gesso Gips Bodenbelag floor coverings pavimentazione Bauplatte building slab pannelli da costruzione Beton concrete calcestruzzo Zement cement cemento mattone Ziegel brick Stein stone pietra Baumaschinen construction equipment attrezzatura per l'edilizia Fertigbauweise prefabrication prefabbricazione Gebäude building edificio Bautechnik building technique tecnica di costruzione building services attrezzatura edile Gebäudeausrüstung Beleuchtung lighting illuminazione building insulation isolamento di un edificio Gebäudeisolierung Schalldämmung sound insulation isolamento acustico thermal insulation isolamento termico Wärmedämmung Aufzug lift ascensore Heizung heating riscaldamento Sanitäreinrichtung plumbing equipment impianto sanitario Klimatisierung air conditioning climatizzazione öffentliches Bauwesen public works lavori pubblici Straßenbau road building costruzione stradale dredging dragaggio Baggern Entwässerung drainage drenaggio Bauingenieurwesen civil engineering genio civile Wasserwirtschaft hydraulic works sistemazione idraulica öffentliche Großbauvorhaben large-scale construction grandi opere pubbliche industria del legno Holzindustrie wood industry Holzindustrie wood industry industria del legno Halbstoff- und Papierindustrie pulp and paper industry industria della carta e della pasta di legno Papier paper carta paperboard cartone Pappe furniture industry industria del mobile Möbelindustrie Schreinerei joinery falegnameria Holzprodukt wood product prodotti del legno Sperrholz plywood legno compensato wood fibre fibra di legno Holzfaser Kork cork sughero Holzabfall wood residue residui del legno Harz resin resina verdichtetes Holz bonded wood legno agglomerato legna da ardere Brennholz fuel wood Bauholz wood for construction legname da costruzione charcoal carbone di legna Holzkohle Zellulose cellulose cellulosa Tropenholz tropical wood legno tropicale Sägewerk sawmill segheria Textil- und Lederindustrie leather and textile industries industria del cuoio e dei prodotti tessili Lederindustrie leather industry industria del cuoio Leder leather cuoio footwear industry industria calzaturiera Schuhindustrie Lederwaren- und Handschuhindustrie fancy leather goods and glove-making industry industria di pelletteria e guanti Pelz- und Fellindustrie hides and furskins industry pellicceria textile industry industria tessile Textilindustrie Bekleidungsindustrie clothing industry industria dell'abbigliamento Kleidung clothing abbigliamento textile machine macchina tessile Textilmaschine Textilerzeugnis textile product prodotto tessile Textilfaser textile fibre fibra tessile man-made fibre fibra tessile sintetica Synthesefaser Naturfaser natural fibre fibra tessile naturale Kurzwaren haberdashery merceria Vliesstoff non-woven fabric tessuto non tessuto Teppich carpet tappeto maglieria Wirk- und Strickwarenindustrie knitted and crocheted goods miscellaneous industries industrie varie Verschiedene Industriezweige Kälteindustrie refrigeration industry industria del freddo vacuum industry industria del vuoto Vakuumindustrie verschiedene Industriezweige miscellaneous industries industrie varie Dienstleistungsgewerbe service industry industria dei servizi Dienstpersonal service occupation personale di servizio cleaning industry lavanderia Reinigung Haar- und Schönheitspflege hairdressing and beauty care parrucchiere e cure estetiche Beratung und Begutachtung consultancy consulenza e perizia Sicherheit und Bewachung security services sicurezza e sorveglianza Taxi taxi taxi toy industry industria del giocattolo Spielwarenindustrie fotografische Industrie photographic industry industria fotografica Musikinstrument musical instrument strumento musicale Werkzeug für Heimwerker hand tool attrezzi per bricolage Geschenkartikel gift item articolo da regalo articolo da arredamento Ziergegenstand decorative item Sportartikel sports equipment articolo sportivo toilet article articolo da toeletta Toilettenartikel Haushaltsartikel household article articolo per la casa Schmuck- und Goldwarenerzeugung jewellery and goldsmith's articles bigiotteria e oreficeria Luxusgüterindustrie luxury products industry industria dei prodotti di lusso Büroartikel office supplies forniture per ufficio Keramik ceramics ceramica GEOGRAFIE GEOGRAPHY GEOGRAFIA Europa und ehemalige Sowjetunion Europe and the former Soviet Union Europa ed ex Unione sovietica Europa Europe Europa Northern Europe Europa del nord Nordeuropa Dänemark Denmark Danimarca Finland Finlandia Finnland Grönland Greenland Groenlandia Färöer Faeroes Isole Færøer Island Iceland Islanda Norwegen Norway Norvegia Svezia Schweden Sweden Südeuropa Southern Europe Europa meridionale Spanien Spain Spagna Gibraltar Gibilterra Gibraltar Griechenland Greece Grecia Italien Italy Italia Malta Malta Malta Portugal Portugal Portogallo San Marino San Marino San Marino Vatikan Vatican Vaticano Cyprus Cipro Zypern Westeuropa Western Europe Europa occidentale Frankreich France Francia Channel Islands Isole del Canale Britische Kanalinseln Deutschland Germany Germania Irland Ireland Irlanda Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Luxemburg Luxembourg Lussemburgo Andorra Andorra Andorra Monaco Monaco Monaco Netherlands Paesi Bassi Niederlande Isle of Man Isle of Man Isola di Man Vereinigtes Königreich United Kingdom Regno Unito Schweiz Switzerland Svizzera Österreich Austria Austria Belgio Belgien Belgium Mittel- und Osteuropa Eastern Europe Europa centrale e orientale Balkan Balkans Balcani Albanien Albania Albania territories of the former Yugoslavia territori dell'ex Iugoslavia Gebiete des ehemaligen Jugoslawiens Bosnien und Herzegowina Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia-Erzegovina Croatia Croazia Kroatien die ehemalige jugoslawische Republik Mazedonien Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ex Repubblica iugoslava di Macedonia Slowenien Slovenia Slovenia Serbien und Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro Serbia e Montenegro Kosovo Kosovo Kosovo Montenegro Montenegro 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regions of Denmark regioni della Danimarca Aarhus Århus Århus Copenhagen Copenaghen Kopenhagen Fünen Funen Fionia Frederiksberg Frederiksberg Frederiksberg Frederiksborg Frederiksborg Frederiksborg Nordjütland North Jutland Jutland settentrionale Oest for Storebaelt Gebiet östlich des Großen Belt east of the Great Belt Ripen Ribe Ribe Ringkøbing Ringkoebing Ringköbing Roskilde Roskilde Roskilde Südjütland South Jutland Jutland meridionale Groß-Kopenhagen Greater Copenhagen Storkoebenhavn Storström Storstrøm Storstroem Vejle Vejle Vejle Gebiet westlich des Großen Belt west of the Great Belt Vest for Storebaelt West Zealand Selandia occidentale Westseeland Viborg Viborg Viborg Bornholm Bornholm Bornholm regions of Spain regioni della Spagna Regionen Spaniens Estremadura Extremadura Estremadura Galicia Galizia Galicien Andalusien Andalusia Andalusia Navarra Navarre Navarra Baskenland Basque Country Paese Basco Aragonien Aragon Aragona Castiglia e Leone Kastilien-Leon Castile-Leon Kastilien-La Mancha Castile-La Mancha Castiglia e Mancia Cantabria Cantabria Kantabrien Balearische Inseln Balearic Islands Isole Baleari La Rioja Rioja La Rioja Ceuta und Melilla Ceuta and Melilla Ceuta e Melilla autonome Körperschaft Madrid Community of Madrid comunità di Madrid comunità di Valenza autonome Körperschaft Valencia Community of Valencia Region Murcia Region of Murcia Regione di Murcia Principality of Asturias Principato delle Asturie Fürstentum Asturien Kanarische Inseln Canary Islands Canarie Katalonien Catalonia Catalogna Ceuta Ceuta Ceuta Melilla Melilla Melilla Regionen Frankreichs regions of France regioni della Francia Korsika Corsica Corsica Franche-Comté Franca Contea Franche-Comté Haute-Normandie Upper Normandy Alta Normandia Ile de France Ile-de-France Ile-de-France Elsass Alsace Alsazia Languedoc-Roussillon Languedoc-Roussillon Linguadoca-Rossiglione Limosino Limousin Limousin Lothringen Lorraine Lorena Midi-Pyrenees Midi-Pirenei Midi-Pyrénées Nord-Pas-de-Calais Nord-Pas-de-Calais Nord-Passo di Calais Pays de la Loire Loire Region regione della Loira Aquitanien Aquitaine Aquitania Picardie Picardy Piccardia Poitou-Charentes Poitou-Charentes Poitou-Charentes Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Provenza-Alpi-Costa Azzurra Rhône-Alpes Rodano-Alpi Rhône-Alpes Auvergne Auvergne Alvernia Basse-Normandie Lower Normandy Bassa Normandia Burgund Burgundy Borgogna Bretagne Brittany Bretagna regione del centro Centre Centre Champagne-Ardennes Champagne-Ardenne Champagne-Ardenne Regionen Griechenlands regions of Greece regioni della Grecia Kreta Crete Creta Epirus Epiro Epirus Mittelgriechenland Central Greece Grecia centrale Ionische Inseln Ionian Islands Isole Ionie Mazedonien Macedonia Macedonia Zentralmakedonien [V4.2] Central Macedonia [V4.2] Macedonia centrale [V4.2] Eastern Macedonia and Thrace [V4.2] Macedonia orientale e Tracia [V4.2] Ostmakedonien und Thrakien [V4.2] Westmakedonien [V4.2] Western Macedonia [V4.2] Macedonia occidentale [V4.2] Peloponnes Peloponnese Peloponneso Tessaglia Thessalien Thessaly Attika [V4.2] Attica [V4.2] Attica [V4.2] Western Greece [V4.2] Grecia occidentale [V4.2] Westgriechenland [V4.2] Nordägäis [V4.2] Northern Aegean [V4.2] Egeo settentrionale [V4.2] Südägais [V4.2] Southern Aegean [V4.2] Egeo meridionale [V4.2] Regionen Deutschlands regions of Germany regioni della Germania Hamburg Hamburg Amburgo Hessen Assia Hessen Nordrhein-Westfalen North Rhine-Westphalia Renania settentrionale-Vestfalia Rheinland-Pfalz Rhineland-Palatinate Renania Palatinato Saarland Saarland Saarland Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg Niedersachsen Lower Saxony Bassa Sassonia Bavaria Baviera Bayern Berlin Berlin Berlino Bremen Bremen Brema ehemalige DDR former GDR ex RDT Brandenburg Brandenburg Brandeburgo Mecklenburg-West Pomerania Meckleburgo-Pomerania occidentale Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Sachsen Saxony Sassonia Sachsen-Anhalt Saxony-Anhalt Sassonia-Anhalt Thüringen Thuringia Turingia Regionen Irlands regions of Ireland regioni dell'Irlanda Connacht Connacht Connacht Leinster Leinster Leinster Munster Munster Munster Ulster-Donegal Ulster-Donegal Ulster-Donegal regioni dell'Italia Regionen Italiens regions of Italy Emilia-Romagna Emilia-Romagna Emilia-Romagna Friuli-Venezia Giulia Friuli-Venezia Giulia Friaul-Julisch-Venetien Latium Latium Lazio Ligurien Liguria Liguria Lombardei Lombardy Lombardia Marken Marches Marche Molise Molise Molise Umbrien Umbria Umbria Piedmont Piemonte Piemont Apulien Apulia Puglia Sardinien Sardinia Sardegna Sizilien Sicily Sicilia Toskana Tuscany Toscana Trentino-Alto Adige Trentino-Tiroler Etschland Trentino-Alto Adige autonome Provinz Bozen Autonomous Province of Bolzano provincia autonoma di Bolzano Autonomous Province of Trento provincia autonoma di Trento autonome Provinz Trient Aostatal Valle d'Aosta Valle d'Aosta Veneto Veneto Venetien Basilicata Basilicata Basilicata Abruzzen Abruzzi Abruzzo Kalabrien Calabria Calabria Kampanien Campania Campania Regionen der Niederlande regions of the Netherlands regioni dei Paesi Bassi Drente Drenthe Drenthe Friesland Frisia Friesland Groningen Groningen Groninga Geldern Gelderland Gheldria Südholland South Holland Olanda meridionale Nordholland North Holland Olanda settentrionale Limburgo Limburg (Niederlande) Limburg Overijssel Overijssel Overijssel Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Seeland Zeeland Zelanda Nordbrabant North Brabant Brabante settentrionale Flevoland Flevoland Flevoland regions of Portugal regioni del Portogallo Regionen Portugals Alentejo Alentejo Alentejo Algarve Algarve Algarve Madeira Madeira Madera Nordportugal Northern Portugal Portogallo settentrionale Zentralportugal Central Portugal Portogallo centrale Lissabon und Tal des Tejo Lisbon and the Tagus Valley Lisbona e valle del Tago Azzorre Azoren Azores Regionen des Vereinigten Königreichs regions of the United Kingdom regioni del Regno Unito Schottland Scotland Scozia Northern Ireland Irlanda del Nord Nordirland Wales Wales Galles England England Inghilterra East Anglia East Anglia East Anglia East Midlands East Midlands östliches Mittelengland westliches Mittelengland West Midlands West Midlands Nordengland Northern England Inghilterra del Nord Nordwestengland North-West England Inghilterra del Nord-Ovest Südostengland South-East England Inghilterra del Sud-Est Inghilterra del Sud-Ovest Südwestengland South-West England Yorkshire und Humberside Yorkshire and Humberside Yorkshire and Humberside Regionen und Gemeinschaften Belgiens regions and communities of Belgium regioni e comunità del Belgio Region Brüssel-Hauptstadt Brussels region regione di Bruxelles Capitale Flanders regione fiamminga flämische Region Provinz Westflandern Province of West Flanders provincia della Fiandra occidentale Province of East Flanders provincia della Fiandra orientale Provinz Ostflandern Provinz Limburg Province of Limbourg provincia del Limburgo Provinz Antwerpen Province of Antwerp provincia di Anversa Provinz Flämisch-Brabant Province of Flemish Brabant provincia del Brabante fiammingo wallonische Region Walloon region regione vallona Provinz Hennegau Province of Hainault provincia dello Hainaut Province of Liège provincia di Liegi Provinz Lüttich Provinz Luxemburg Province of Luxembourg provincia del Lussemburgo Provinz Namur Province of Namur provincia di Namur Provinz Wallonisch-Brabant Province of Walloon Brabant provincia del Brabante vallone Gemeinschaften Belgiens Belgian communities comunità del Belgio flämische Gemeinschaft Flemish Community Comunità fiamminga French-speaking Community Comunità francese französische Gemeinschaft deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft German-speaking Community Comunità germanofona Regionen Finnlands regions of Finland regioni della Finlandia Ostfinnland Eastern Finland Finlandia orientale Lapland Lapponia Lappland Südfinnland Southern Finland Finlandia meridionale Åland Åland Åland Oulu [V4.2] Oulu [V4.2] Oulu [V4.2] Westfinnland [V4.2] Western Finland [V4.2] Finlandia occidentale [V4.2] Regionen Österreichs regions of Austria regioni dell'Austria Niederösterreich Lower Austria Niederösterreich Upper Austria Oberösterreich Oberösterreich Burgenland Burgenland Burgenland Kärnten Carinthia Carinzia Salzburg Salzburg Salisburgo Steiermark Steiermark Stiria Tirolo Tirol Tyrol Vorarlberg Vorarlberg Vorarlberg Vienna Vienna Wien regioni della Svezia Regionen Schwedens regions of Sweden Stockholm Stockholm Stoccolma East Middle Sweden Svezia centro-orientale östliches Mittelschweden Uppsala [V4.2] Uppsala county [V4.2] Uppsala [V4.2] Södermanland county [V4.2] Södermanland [V4.2] Södermanland [V4.2] Östergötland [V4.2] Östergötland county [V4.2] Östergötland [V4.2] Örebro [V4.2] Örebro county [V4.2] Örebro [V4.2] Västmanland [V4.2] Västmanland county [V4.2] Västmanland [V4.2] Südschweden South Sweden Svezia meridionale Blekinge [V4.2] Blekinge county [V4.2] Blekinge [V4.2] Skåne county [V4.2] Scania [V4.2] Schonen [V4.2] Nord-Mittelschweden North Middle Sweden Svezia centro-settentrionale Värmland [V4.2] Värmland county [V4.2] Värmland [V4.2] Dalarna county [V4.2] Dalarna [V4.2] Dalarna [V4.2] Gävleborg [V4.2] Gävleborg county [V4.2] Gävleborgs län [V4.2] Mittel-Norrland Middle Norrland Norrland centrale Västernorrland [V4.2] Västernorrland county [V4.2] Västernorrland [V4.2] Jämtland county [V4.2] Jämtland [V4.2] Jämtland [V4.2] oberes Norrland Upper Norrland Norrland superiore Västerbotten [V4.2] Västerbotten county [V4.2] Västerbotten [V4.2] Norrbotten county [V4.2] Norrbotten [V4.2] Norrbotten [V4.2] Smaland e Isole Småland mit Inseln Småland and the islands Jönköping [V4.2] Jönköping county [V4.2] Jönköping [V4.2] Kronoberg county [V4.2] Kronoberg [V4.2] Kronoberg [V4.2] Kalmar [V4.2] Kalmar county [V4.2] Kalmar [V4.2] Gotland [V4.2] Gotland county [V4.2] Gotland [V4.2] Westschweden West Sweden Svezia occidentale Halland [V4.2] Halland county [V4.2] Halland [V4.2] Västra Götaland county [V4.2] Västra Götaland [V4.2] Västra Götaland [V4.2] Regionen Polens [V4.2] regions of Poland [V4.2] regioni della Polonia [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Masowien [V4.2] Mazovia province [V4.2] voivodato di Masovia [V4.2] Little Poland province [V4.2] voivodato della Piccola Polonia [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Kleinpolen [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Schlesien [V4.2] Silesia province [V4.2] voivodato di Silesia [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Lublin [V4.2] Lublin province [V4.2] voivodato di Lublino [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Karpatenvorland [V4.2] Lower Carpathians province [V4.2] voivodato di Precarpazi [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Westpommern [V4.2] Western Pomerania province [V4.2] voivodato della Pomerania occidentale [V4.2] voivodato di Santacroce [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Heiligenkreuz [V4.2] Holy Cross province [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Lodz [V4.2] Lodz province [V4.2] voivodato di Lodz [V4.2] Lubus province [V4.2] voivodato di Lubus [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Lebus [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Niederschlesien [V4.2] Lower Silesia province [V4.2] voivodato di Bassa Silesia [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Podlachien [V4.2] Podlachia province [V4.2] voivodato di Podlachie [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Großpolen [V4.2] Greater Poland province [V4.2] voivodato della Grande Polonia [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Pommern [V4.2] Pomerania [V4.2] voivodato di Pomerania [V4.2] voivodato di Opole [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Oppeln [V4.2] Opole province [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Kujawien-Pommern [V4.2] Kuyavia-Pomerania province [V4.2] voivodato di Cuiavia-Pomerania [V4.2] Varmia-Mazuria province [V4.2] voivodato di Warmia-Mazuria [V4.2] Woiwodschaft Ermland-Masuren [V4.2] regions of Slovenia [V4.2] regioni della Slovenia [V4.2] Regionen Sloweniens [V4.2] Gorenjska [V4.2] Gorenjska [V4.2] Gorenjska [V4.2] GoriÅ¡ka [V4.2] GoriÅ¡ka [V4.2] GoriÅ¡ka [V4.2] Südostslowenien [V4.2] South-east Slovenia [V4.2] Slovenia sudorientale [V4.2] KoroÅ¡ka [V4.2] KoroÅ¡ka [V4.2] KoroÅ¡ka [V4.2] Notranjsko-kraÅ¡ka [V4.2] Notranjsko-kraÅ¡ka [V4.2] Notranjsko-kraÅ¡ka [V4.2] Obalno-kraÅ¡ka [V4.2] Obalno-kraÅ¡ka [V4.2] Obalno-kraÅ¡ka [V4.2] Podravska [V4.2] Podravska [V4.2] Podravska [V4.2] Pomurska [V4.2] Pomurska [V4.2] Pomurska [V4.2] Savinjska [V4.2] Savinjska [V4.2] Savinjska [V4.2] Spodnjeposavska [V4.2] Spodnjeposavska [V4.2] Spodnjeposavska [V4.2] Zasavska [V4.2] Zasavska [V4.2] Zasavska [V4.2] Zentralslowenien [V4.2] Central Slovenia [V4.2] Slovenia centrale [V4.2] Regionen der Tschechischen Republik [V4.2] regions of the Czech Republic [V4.2] regioni della Repubblica ceca [V4.2] Südböhmen [V4.2] Southern Bohemia [V4.2] Boemia meridionale [V4.2] Hradec Králové [V4.2] Hradec Králové [V4.2] Hradec Králové [V4.2] Karlovy Vary [V4.2] Karlovy Vary [V4.2] Karlovy Vary [V4.2] Liberec [V4.2] Liberec [V4.2] Liberec [V4.2] Südmähren [V4.2] Southern Moravia [V4.2] Moravia meridionale [V4.2] Mährisch Schlesien [V4.2] Moravia-Silesia [V4.2] Moravia-Silesia [V4.2] Olomouc [V4.2] Olomouc [V4.2] Olomouc [V4.2] Pardubice [V4.2] Pardubice [V4.2] Pardubice [V4.2] Pilsen [V4.2] Pilsen [V4.2] Pilsen [V4.2] Prag [V4.2] Prague [V4.2] Praga [V4.2] Ustí [V4.2] Ustí [V4.2] Ustí [V4.2] Vysočina [V4.2] Vysočina [V4.2] Vysočina [V4.2] Zlín [V4.2] Zlín [V4.2] Zlín [V4.2] Boemia centrale [V4.2] Mittelböhmen [V4.2] Central Bohemia [V4.2] Regionen der Slowakei [V4.2] regions of Slovakia [V4.2] regioni della Slovacchia [V4.2] Region Bratislava [V4.2] Bratislava region [V4.2] regione di Bratislava [V4.2] Trnava region [V4.2] regione di Trnava [V4.2] Region Trnava [V4.2] Region Trenčín [V4.2] Trenčín region [V4.2] regione di Trenčín [V4.2] Region Nitra [V4.2] Nitra region [V4.2] regione di Nitra [V4.2] Region Banská Bystrica [V4.2] Banská Bystrica region [V4.2] regione di Banská Bystrica [V4.2] Region PreÅ¡ov [V4.2] PreÅ¡ov region [V4.2] regione di PreÅ¡ov [V4.2] regione di KoÅ¡ice [V4.2] Region KoÅ¡ice [V4.2] KoÅ¡ice region [V4.2] Region Žilina [V4.2] Žilina region [V4.2] regione di Žilina [V4.2] Regionen Estlands [V4.2] regions of Estonia [V4.2] regioni dell'Estonia [V4.2] Nordestland [V4.2] Northern Estonia [V4.2] Estonia settentrionale [V4.2] Western Estonia [V4.2] Estonia occidentale [V4.2] Westestland [V4.2] Mittelestland [V4.2] Central Estonia [V4.2] Estonia centrale [V4.2] Nordostestland [V4.2] North-eastern Estonia [V4.2] Estonia nordorientale [V4.2] Südestland [V4.2] Southern Estonia [V4.2] Estonia meridionale [V4.2] Regionen Lettlands [V4.2] regions of Latvia [V4.2] regioni della Lettonia [V4.2] Latgale [V4.2] Latgale [V4.2] Latgale [V4.2] Riga [V4.2] Riga [V4.2] Riga [V4.2] Vidzeme [V4.2] Vidzeme [V4.2] Vidzeme [V4.2] Kurzeme [V4.2] Kurzeme [V4.2] Kurzeme [V4.2] Zemgale [V4.2] Zemgale [V4.2] Zemgale [V4.2] regioni della Lituania [V4.2] Regionen Litauens [V4.2] regions of Lithuania [V4.2] Alytus [V4.2] Alytus [V4.2] Alytus [V4.2] Kaunas [V4.2] Kaunas [V4.2] Kaunas [V4.2] Klaipėda [V4.2] Klaipėda [V4.2] Klaipėda [V4.2] Marijampolė [V4.2] Marijampolė [V4.2] Marijampolė [V4.2] Panevėžys [V4.2] Panevėžys [V4.2] Panevėžys [V4.2] Å iauliai [V4.2] Å iauliai [V4.2] Å iauliai [V4.2] Tauragė [V4.2] Tauragė [V4.2] Tauragė [V4.2] TelÅ¡iai [V4.2] TelÅ¡iai [V4.2] TelÅ¡iai [V4.2] Utena [V4.2] Utena [V4.2] Utena [V4.2] Vilnius [V4.2] Vilnius [V4.2] Vilnius [V4.2] Regionen Ungarns [V4.2] regions of Hungary [V4.2] regioni dell'Ungheria [V4.2] Süd-Alföld [V4.2] Southern Alföld [V4.2] Alföld meridionale [V4.2] Northern Alföld [V4.2] Alföld settentrionale [V4.2] Nord-Alföld [V4.2] Mittelungarn [V4.2] Central Hungary [V4.2] Ungheria centrale [V4.2] Nordungarn [V4.2] Northern Hungary [V4.2] Ungheria settentrionale [V4.2] Zentraltransdanubien [V4.2] Central Transdanubia [V4.2] Transdanubio centrale [V4.2] südliches Transdanubien [V4.2] Southern Transdanubia [V4.2] Transdanubio meridionale [V4.2] Transdanubio occidentale [V4.2] westliches Transdanubien [V4.2] Western Transdanubia [V4.2] Amerika America America Amerika America America North America America del Nord Nordamerika Vereinigte Staaten United States of America Stati Uniti Mexico Messico Mexiko St. Pierre und Miquelon Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre e Miquelon Bermuda Bermuda Bermude Kanada Canada Canada Lateinamerika Latin America America latina Zentralamerika Central America America centrale Costa Rica Costa Rica Costa Rica El Salvador El Salvador El Salvador Guatemala Guatemala Guatemala Honduras Honduras Honduras Nicaragua Nicaragua Nicaragua Panama Panama Panama Belize Belize Belize South America America del Sud Südamerika Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador Galapagos Galapagos Galapagos Guyana Guyana Guyana Französisch-Guayana French Guiana Guyana francese Falklandinseln Falkland Islands Isole Falkland Paraguay Paraguay Paraguay Perù Peru Peru Argentinien Argentina Argentina Surinam Suriname Suriname Uruguay Uruguay Uruguay Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela Bolivien Bolivia Bolivia Brasilien Brazil Brasile Cile Chile Chile Kolumbien Colombia Colombia Westindische Inseln Caribbean Islands Caraibi Große Antillen Greater Antilles 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Bonaire Aruba Aruba Aruba Antigua e Barbuda Antigua und Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda St. Christoph und Nevis Saint Christopher and Nevis Saint Christopher e Nevis Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent e Grenadine St. Vincent und die Grenadinen Jungferninseln (USA) US Virgin Islands Isole Vergini americane St. Lucia Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Trinidad und Tobago Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad e Tobago Barbados Barbados Barbados Afrika Africa Africa Afrika Africa Africa englischsprachiges Afrika English-speaking Africa Africa anglofona French-speaking Africa Africa francofona französischsprachiges Afrika portugiesischsprachiges Afrika Portuguese-speaking Africa Africa lusofona Afrika südlich der Sahara sub-Saharan Africa Africa subsahariana Sahel Sahel Sahel Central Africa Africa centrale Zentralafrika Kongo Congo Congo Gabon Gabon Gabun Äquatorialguinea Equatorial Guinea Guinea equatoriale São Tomé und Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé e Principe Tschad Chad Ciad Demokratische 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Norfolkinsel Norfolk Island Isola Norfolk Naher und Mittlerer Osten Middle East Vicino e Medio Oriente Afghanistan Afghanistan Afghanistan Israel Israele Israel Maschrik Mashreq Mashrak Jordanien Jordan Giordania Lebanon Libano Libanon Syrien Syria Siria Tawal Tawal Tawal Jemen Yemen Yemen ehemalige Demokratische Volksrepublik Jemen former South Yemen ex Yemen del Sud Golfstaaten Gulf States paesi del Golfo Vereinigte Arabische Emirate United Arab Emirates Emirati arabi uniti Iraq Irak Irak Iran Iran Iran Kuwait Kuwait Kuwait Oman Oman Oman Saudi-Arabien Saudi Arabia Arabia Saudita Qatar Katar Qatar Bahrain Bahrain Bahrein territori autonomi di Palestina autonome Gebiete Palästinas autonomous territories of Palestine Asien Asia Asia Südasien South Asia Asia del Sud Indien India India Maldives Maldive Malediven Nepal Nepal Nepal Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Bangladesch Bangladesh Bangladesh Bhutan Bhutan Bhutan Südostasien South-East Asia Asia del Sud-Est Indonesien Indonesia Indonesia Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Java Giava Java Molukken Moluccas Molucche Sulawesi Sulawesi Sulawesi Sumatra Sumatra Sumatra Timor Timor Timor Bali Bali Bali Borneo Borneo Borneo Cambodia Cambogia Kambodscha Laos Laos Laos Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Ost-Malaysia Eastern Malaysia Malaysia orientale Peninsular Malaysia Malaysia peninsulare West-Malaysia Philippinen Philippines Filippine Singapur Singapore Singapore Tailandia Thailand Thailand Timor-Leste East Timor Timor orientale Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam Myanmar Myanmar Myanmar Brunei Brunei Brunei Asia centrale Zentralasien Central Asia Mongolei Mongolia Mongolia Kazakhstan Kazakstan Kasachstan Kirgisistan Kyrgyzstan Kirghizistan Usbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Tadschikistan Tajikistan Tagikistan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Wirtschaftsgeografie economic geography geografia economica EFTA-Staaten EFTA countries paesi membri dell’EFTA Island Iceland Islanda Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Norwegen Norway Norvegia Schweiz Switzerland Svizzera AAMS countries paesi membri SAMA AASM-Staaten ALADI-Staaten Lafta countries paesi dell'ALADI Kuba Cuba Cuba Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador Mexiko Mexico Messico Paraguay Paraguay Paraguay Peru Peru Perù Argentinien Argentina Argentina Uruguay Uruguay Uruguay Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela Bolivia Bolivia Bolivien Brasilien Brazil Brasile Chile Chile Cile Kolumbien Colombia Colombia Staaten der Andengruppe Andean Group countries paesi del Gruppo andino Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador Peru Perù Peru Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela Bolivien Bolivia Bolivia Kolumbien Colombia Colombia Staaten des Arabischen Gemeinsamen Markts Arab Common Market countries paesi membri del Mercato comune arabo Ägypten Egypt Egitto United Arab Emirates Emirati arabi uniti Vereinigte Arabische Emirate Irak Iraq Irak Jordanien Jordan Giordania Kuwait Kuwait Kuwait Libyen Libya Libia Mauritania Mauretanien Mauritania Somalia Somalia Somalia Sudan Sudan Sudan Syrien Syria Siria Jemen Yemen Yemen ehemalige Demokratische Volksrepublik Jemen former South Yemen ex Yemen del Sud autonome Gebiete Palästinas autonomous territories of Palestine territori autonomi di Palestina MCAC-Staaten CACM countries paesi membri del MCCA Costa Rica Costa Rica Costa Rica El Salvador El Salvador El Salvador Guatemala Guatemala Guatemala Honduras Honduras Honduras Nicaragua Nicaragua Nicaragua paesi membri dell’ASEAN ASEAN-Staaten Asean countries Indonesien Indonesia Indonesia Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Java Giava Java Molukken Moluccas Molucche Sulawesi Sulawesi Sulawesi Sumatra Sumatra Sumatra Timor Timor Timor Bali Bali Bali Borneo Borneo Borneo Cambodia Cambogia Kambodscha Laos Laos Laos Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Ost-Malaysia Eastern Malaysia Malaysia orientale Peninsular Malaysia Malaysia peninsulare West-Malaysia Philippinen Philippines Filippine Singapur Singapore Singapore Tailandia Thailand Thailand Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam Myanmar Myanmar Myanmar Brunei Brunei Brunei OECD-Staaten OECD countries paesi membri dell’OCSE Südkorea South Korea Corea del Sud Denmark Danimarca Dänemark Spanien Spain Spagna Vereinigte Staaten United States of America Stati Uniti Finnland Finland Finlandia Frankreich France Francia Grecia Griechenland Greece Ungarn Hungary Ungheria Germany Germania Deutschland Irland Ireland Irlanda Island Iceland Islanda Italien Italy Italia Japan Japan Giappone Lussemburgo Luxemburg Luxembourg Mexiko Mexico Messico Norway Norvegia Norwegen Neuseeland New Zealand Nuova Zelanda Niederlande Netherlands Paesi Bassi Polen Poland Polonia Portugal Portugal Portogallo Regno Unito Vereinigtes Königreich United Kingdom Australien Australia Australia Norfolkinsel Norfolk Island Isola Norfolk Sweden Svezia Schweden Schweiz Switzerland Svizzera Österreich Austria Austria Turchia Türkei Turkey Belgien Belgium Belgio Canada Kanada Canada Slowakei Slovakia Slovacchia Czech Republic Repubblica ceca Tschechische Republik OCAS countries paesi membri dell’ODECA OCAS-Staaten Costa Rica Costa Rica Costa Rica El Salvador El Salvador El Salvador Guatemala Guatemala Guatemala Honduras Honduras Honduras Nicaragua Nicaragua Nicaragua OPEC-Staaten OPEC countries paesi dell'OPEC Vereinigte Arabische Emirate United Arab Emirates Emirati arabi uniti Algeria Algeria Algerien Indonesien Indonesia Indonesia Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Java Giava Java Molukken Moluccas Molucche Sulawesi Sulawesi Sulawesi Sumatra Sumatra Sumatra Timor Timor Timor Bali Bali Bali Borneo Borneo Borneo Irak Iraq Irak Iran Iran Iran Kuwait Kuwait Kuwait Libia Libyen Libya Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria Saudi Arabia Arabia Saudita Saudi-Arabien Katar Qatar Qatar Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela SELA-Staaten LAES countries paesi del SELA Costa Rica Costa Rica Costa Rica Cuba Cuba Kuba El Salvador El Salvador El Salvador Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador Grenada Grenada Grenada Guatemala Guatemala Guatemala Guyana Guyana Guyana Haiti Haiti Haiti Honduras Honduras Honduras Jamaika Jamaica Giamaica Mexiko Mexico Messico Nicaragua Nicaragua Nicaragua Panama Panama Panama Paraguay Paraguay Paraguay Peru Peru Perù Argentina Argentina Argentinien Dominikanische Republik Dominican Republic Repubblica dominicana Suriname Surinam Suriname Bahamas Bahamas Bahamas Trinidad und Tobago Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad e Tobago Uruguay Uruguay Uruguay Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela Barbados Barbados Barbados Belize Belize Belize Bolivien Bolivia Bolivia Brasile Brasilien Brazil Chile Chile Cile Colombia Kolumbien Colombia UDEAC-Staaten CAEEU countries paesi membri dell’UDEAC Kongo Congo Congo Gabon Gabon Gabun Äquatorialguinea Equatorial Guinea Guinea equatoriale Tschad Chad Ciad Kamerun Cameroon Camerun Zentralafrikanische Republik Central African Republic Repubblica centrafricana Länder der Westafrikanischen Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion WAEMU countries paesi dell'UEMOA Elfenbeinküste Côte d'Ivoire Costa d'Avorio Guinea-Bissau Guinea Bissau Guinea-Bissau Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Burkina-Faso Mali Mali Mali Niger Niger Niger Senegal Senegal Senegal Togo Togo Togo Benin Benin Benin paesi membri del Benelux-paesi membri Benelux-Staaten Benelux countries Luxemburg Luxembourg Lussemburgo Netherlands Paesi Bassi Niederlande Belgien Belgium Belgio AKP-Staaten ACP countries paesi membri ACP Komoren Comoros Comore Congo Congo Kongo Cook Cook Islands Cook Elfenbeinküste Côte d'Ivoire Costa d'Avorio Kuba Cuba Cuba Südafrika South Africa Africa del Sud Gibuti Dschibuti Djibouti Dominica Dominica Dominica Ethiopia Etiopia Äthiopien Fidschi Fiji Figi Gabun Gabon Gabon Gambia Gambia Gambia Ghana Ghana Ghana Grenada Grenada Grenada Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guinea Bissau Guinea-Bissau Äquatorialguinea Equatorial Guinea Guinea equatoriale Guyana Guyana Guyana Haiti Haiti Haiti Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Burkina-Faso Giamaica Jamaika Jamaica Kenia Kenya Kenia Kiribati Kiribati Kiribati Lesotho Lesotho Lesotho Liberia Liberia Liberia Madagascar Madagaskar Madagascar Malawi Malawi Malawi Mali Mali Mali Mauritius Mauritius Maurizio Mauritania Mauritania Mauretanien Angola Angola Angola Mosambik Mozambique Mozambico Namibia Namibia Namibia Nauru Nauru Nauru Niger Niger Niger Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria Uganda Uganda Uganda Papua-Neuguinea Papua New Guinea Papua-Nuova Guinea Antigua und Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Antigua e Barbuda Saint Christopher e Nevis St. Christoph und Nevis Saint Christopher and Nevis St. Vincent und die Grenadinen Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent e Grenadine Isole Marshall Marshallinseln Marshall Islands Dominikanische Republik Dominican Republic Repubblica dominicana Rwanda Ruanda Ruanda St. Lucia Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Salomonen Solomon Islands Salomone Samoa Westsamoa Samoa São Tomé und Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé e Principe Senegal Senegal Senegal Seychellen Seychelles Seicelle Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Somalia Somalia Somalia Sudan Sudan Sudan Suriname Suriname Surinam Swasiland Swaziland Swaziland Tanzania Tansania Tanzania Tschad Chad Ciad East Timor Timor orientale Timor-Leste Togo Togo Togo Tonga Tonga Tonga Bahamas Bahamas Bahamas Trinidad und Tobago Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad e Tobago Tuvalu Tuvalu Tuvalu Vanuatu Vanuatu Vanuatu Democratic Republic of Congo Repubblica democratica del Congo Demokratische Republik Kongo Sambia Zambia Zambia Simbabwe Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Barbados Barbados Barbados Belize Belize Belize Benin Benin Benin Botsuana Botswana Botswana Burundi Burundi Burundi Kamerun Cameroon Camerun Kap Verde Cape Verde Capo Verde Repubblica centrafricana Zentralafrikanische Republik Central African Republic Eritrea Eritrea Eritrea Palau Palau Palau Niue Niue Niue Federated States of Micronesia Stati federati di Micronesia Föderierte Staaten von Mikronesien CMEA countries paesi membri del CMAE RGW-Staaten Kuba Cuba Cuba Hungary Ungheria Ungarn Deutsche Demokratische Republik German Democratic Republic Germania orientale Mongolei Mongolia Mongolia Polen Poland Polonia Rumänien Romania Romania Cecoslovacchia Tschechoslowakei Czechoslovakia UdSSR USSR URSS Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam Jugoslawien Yugoslavia Iugoslavia Bulgarien Bulgaria Bulgaria CARICOM-Staaten Caricom countries paesi membri del Caricom Dominica Dominica Dominica Grenada Grenada Grenada Guyana Guyana Guyana Haiti Haiti Haiti Jamaika Jamaica Giamaica Montserrat Montserrat Montserrat Antigua e Barbuda Antigua und Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda St. Christoph und Nevis Saint Christopher and Nevis Saint Christopher e Nevis Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent e Grenadine St. Vincent und die Grenadinen St. Lucia Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Suriname Surinam Suriname Bahamas Bahamas Bahamas Trinidad und Tobago Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad e Tobago Barbados Barbados Barbados Belize Belize Belize Mitgliedstaat der EU EU Member State Stato membro UE Dänemark Denmark Danimarca Spain Spagna Spanien Finnland Finland Finlandia Frankreich France Francia Griechenland Greece Grecia Ungarn Hungary Ungheria Germania Deutschland Germany Irland Ireland Irlanda Italy Italia Italien Luxemburg Luxembourg Lussemburgo Malta Malta Malta Niederlande Netherlands Paesi Bassi Polen Poland Polonia Portogallo Portugal Portugal Vereinigtes Königreich United Kingdom Regno Unito Sweden Svezia Schweden Österreich Austria Austria Belgien Belgium Belgio Estland Estonia Estonia Lettland Latvia Lettonia Lituania Litauen Lithuania Slowakei Slovakia Slovacchia Czech Republic Repubblica ceca Tschechische Republik Slowenien Slovenia Slovenia Zypern Cyprus Cipro CEAO-Staaten CEAO countries paesi membri della CEAO Elfenbeinküste Côte d'Ivoire Costa d'Avorio Gambia Gambia Gambia Ghana Ghana Ghana Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau Guinea Bissau Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Burkina-Faso Liberia Liberia Liberia Mali Mali Mali Niger Niger Niger Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria Senegal Senegal Senegal Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Togo Togo Togo Benin Benin Benin Kap Verde Cape Verde Capo Verde Visegrad-Staaten Visegrad countries gruppo di Visegrad paesi del Mercosur Länder des Mercosur Mercosur countries Paraguay Paraguay Paraguay Argentina Argentina Argentinien Uruguay Uruguay Uruguay Brasilien Brazil Brasile Mittelmeeranrainerstaaten ohne EG-Staaten third countries in the Mediterranean paesi terzi mediterranei APEC countries paesi membri dell’APEC APEC-Länder Südkorea South Korea Corea del Sud United States of America Stati Uniti Vereinigte Staaten Hongkong Hong Kong Hong Kong Indonesien Indonesia Indonesia Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Irian Jaya Java Giava Java Molukken Moluccas Molucche Sulawesi Sulawesi Sulawesi Sumatra Sumatra Sumatra Timor Timor Timor Bali Bali Bali Borneo Borneo Borneo Japan Japan Giappone Ost-Malaysia Eastern Malaysia Malaysia orientale Messico Mexiko Mexico Neuseeland New Zealand Nuova Zelanda Papua New Guinea Papua-Nuova Guinea Papua-Neuguinea Peru Peru Perù Philippinen Philippines Filippine Australien Australia Australia Norfolkinsel Norfolk Island Isola Norfolk Singapur Singapore Singapore Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Thailand Thailand Tailandia Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam Brunei Brunei Brunei Kanada Canada Canada Russland Russia Russia Chile Chile Cile Cina China China NAFTA-Länder NAFTA countries paesi dell'ALENA Vereinigte Staaten United States of America Stati Uniti Mexico Messico Mexiko Kanada Canada Canada geografia politica Politische Geografie political geography Staaten des Europarates Council of Europe countries paesi membri del Consiglio d'Europa Dänemark Denmark Danimarca Spain Spagna Spanien Finnland Finland Finlandia Frankreich France Francia Albanien Albania Albania Griechenland Greece Grecia Ungheria Ungarn Hungary Deutschland Germany Germania Ireland Irlanda Irland Island Iceland Islanda Italien Italy Italia Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Luxemburg Luxembourg Lussemburgo Malta Malta Malta Andorra Andorra Andorra Monaco Monaco Monaco Norwegen Norway Norvegia Niederlande Netherlands Paesi Bassi Polen Poland Polonia Portugal Portugal Portogallo Romania Rumänien Romania Vereinigtes Königreich United Kingdom Regno Unito San Marino San Marino San Marino Schweden Sweden Svezia Schweiz Switzerland Svizzera Austria Österreich Austria Türkei Turkey Turchia Belgio Belgien Belgium Bulgarien Bulgaria Bulgaria Armenia Armenia Armenien Aserbaidschan Azerbaijan Azerbaigian Bosnien und Herzegowina Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia-Erzegovina Croazia Kroatien Croatia Estland Estonia Estonia Georgia Georgien Georgia Lettland Latvia Lettonia Lithuania Lituania Litauen die ehemalige jugoslawische Republik Mazedonien Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ex Repubblica iugoslava di Macedonia Moldauische Republik Republic of Moldova Moldova Slovacchia Slowakei Slovakia Tschechische Republik Czech Republic Repubblica ceca Russia Russland Russia Slowenien Slovenia Slovenia Ukraine Ucraina Ukraine Zypern Cyprus Cipro Serbien und Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro Serbia e Montenegro Kosovo Kosovo Kosovo Montenegro Montenegro Montenegro Serbien Serbia Serbia Vojwodina Vojvodina Voivodina Nordic Council countries paesi membri del Consiglio nordico Staaten des Nordischen Rates Dänemark Denmark Danimarca Finland Finlandia Finnland Island Iceland Islanda Norwegen Norway Norvegia Schweden Sweden Svezia Staaten der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate United Arab Emirates countries paesi membri degli Emirati arabi uniti Dubai Dubayy Dubai Ajman Ajman Adschman Fudschaira Al Fujayrah Fujayrah Ras El-Chaima Ras Al Khaimah Ras al Khaimah Schardscha Sharjah Sharjah Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi Umm al Qaiwain Umm Al-Kaiwein Umm al Qaywayn Staaten der Arabischen Liga Arab League countries paesi membri della Lega Araba Komoren Comoros Comore Djibouti Gibuti Dschibuti Ägypten Egypt Egitto Vereinigte Arabische Emirate United Arab Emirates Emirati arabi uniti Algerien Algeria Algeria Irak Iraq Irak Giordania Jordanien Jordan Kuwait Kuwait Kuwait Lebanon Libano Libanon Libyen Libya Libia Marokko Morocco Marocco Mauretanien Mauritania Mauritania PLO PLO OLP Oman Oman Oman Saudi-Arabien Saudi Arabia Arabia Saudita Qatar Qatar Katar Somalia Somalia Somalia Sudan Sudan Sudan Syrien Syria Siria Bahrain Bahrain Bahrein Tunisia Tunesien Tunisia Jemen Yemen Yemen ehemalige Demokratische Volksrepublik Jemen former South Yemen ex Yemen del Sud ANZUS-Staaten Anzus countries paesi membri dell’ANZUS Vereinigte Staaten United States of America Stati Uniti New Zealand Nuova Zelanda Neuseeland Australien Australia Australia Norfolkinsel Norfolk Island Isola Norfolk OAS-Staaten OAS countries paesi dell'OAS Costa Rica Costa Rica Costa Rica Cuba Cuba Kuba Dominica Dominica Dominica El Salvador El Salvador El Salvador Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador Vereinigte Staaten United States of America Stati Uniti Grenada Grenada Grenada Guatemala Guatemala Guatemala Guyana Guyana Guyana Haiti Haiti Haiti Honduras Honduras Honduras Jamaika Jamaica Giamaica Mexiko Mexico Messico Nicaragua Nicaragua Nicaragua Panama Panama Panama Paraguay Paraguay Paraguay Peru Peru Perù Argentinien Argentina Argentina Antigua und Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Antigua e Barbuda St. Christoph und Nevis Saint Christopher and Nevis Saint Christopher e Nevis Saint Vincent e Grenadine St. Vincent und die Grenadinen Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dominikanische Republik Dominican Republic Repubblica dominicana Saint Lucia Saint Lucia St. Lucia Suriname Surinam Suriname Bahamas Bahamas Bahamas Trinidad e Tobago Trinidad und Tobago Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Uruguay Uruguay Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela Barbados Barbados Barbados Belize Belize Belize Bolivien Bolivia Bolivia Brasilien Brazil Brasile Canada Kanada Canada Chile Chile Cile Colombia Kolumbien Colombia paesi membri della NATO NATO-Staaten NATO countries Dänemark Denmark Danimarca Spain Spagna Spanien Vereinigte Staaten United States of America Stati Uniti Frankreich France Francia Griechenland Greece Grecia Ungarn Hungary Ungheria Germania Deutschland Germany Island Iceland Islanda Italy Italia Italien Luxemburg Luxembourg Lussemburgo Norwegen Norway Norvegia Niederlande Netherlands Paesi Bassi Polen Poland Polonia Portogallo Portugal Portugal Rumänien Romania Romania United Kingdom Regno Unito Vereinigtes Königreich Türkei Turkey Turchia Belgien Belgium Belgio Bulgarien Bulgaria Bulgaria Kanada Canada Canada Estonia Estland Estonia Lettland Latvia Lettonia Lithuania Lituania Litauen Slowakei Slovakia Slovacchia Tschechische Republik Czech Republic Repubblica ceca Slovenia Slowenien Slovenia Staaten des Warschauer Pakts Warsaw Pact countries paesi membri del trattato di Varsavia Ungarn Hungary Ungheria German Democratic Republic Germania orientale Deutsche Demokratische Republik Polen Poland Polonia Rumänien Romania Romania Tschechoslowakei Czechoslovakia Cecoslovacchia UdSSR USSR URSS Bulgaria Bulgarien Bulgaria WEU countries paesi membri dell’UEO WEU-Staaten Spanien Spain Spagna France Francia Frankreich Griechenland Greece Grecia Deutschland Germany Germania Italien Italy Italia Luxemburg Luxembourg Lussemburgo Paesi Bassi Niederlande Netherlands Portugal Portugal Portogallo United Kingdom Regno Unito Vereinigtes Königreich Belgien Belgium Belgio ehemalige sozialistische Länder former socialist countries ex paesi socialisti Ostblockländer Eastern Bloc countries paesi dell'Est Deutsche Demokratische Republik German Democratic Republic Germania orientale Czechoslovakia Cecoslovacchia Tschechoslowakei UdSSR USSR URSS Yugoslavia Iugoslavia Jugoslawien GUS-Staaten CIS countries paesi membri della CSI Armenien Armenia Armenia Azerbaijan Azerbaigian Aserbaidschan Belarus Belarus Bielorussia Georgien Georgia Georgia Kasachstan Kazakhstan Kazakstan Kirgisistan Kyrgyzstan Kirghizistan Uzbekistan Usbekistan Uzbekistan Moldauische Republik Republic of Moldova Moldova Russia Russia Russland Tadschikistan Tajikistan Tagikistan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Ukraine Ucraina Staaten des Golfkooperationsrats GCC countries paesi membri del CCG Vereinigte Arabische Emirate United Arab Emirates Emirati arabi uniti Kuwait Kuwait Kuwait Oman Oman Oman Saudi-Arabien Saudi Arabia Arabia Saudita Katar Qatar Qatar Bahrain Bahrain Bahrein Überseeische Länder und Gebiete overseas countries and territories paesi e territori d'oltremare ÜD Frankreichs French Overseas Departments Francia DOM Guadeloupe Guadeloupe Guadalupa French Guiana Guyana francese Französisch-Guayana Réunion Réunion Riunione Martinique Martinique Martinica French Overseas Territories Francia PTOM ÜLG Frankreichs Mayotte Mayotte Mayotte New Caledonia Nuova Caledonia Neukaledonien Französisch-Polynesien French Polynesia Polinesia francese St. Pierre und Miquelon Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre e Miquelon Wallis und Futuna Wallis and Futuna Wallis e Futuna ÜLG der Niederlande Netherlands OCT PTOM dei Paesi Bassi Niederländische Antillen Netherlands Antilles Antille olandesi Inseln über dem Winde Windward Islands Isole del Vento Saba Saba Saba Saint Eustatius Sant'Eustachio St. Eustatius St. Martin Saint Martin San Martino Leeward Islands Isole Sottovento Inseln unter dem Winde Curaçao Curaçao Curaçao Bonaire Bonaire Bonaire Aruba Aruba Aruba ÜLG des Vereinigten Königreichs United Kingdom OCT PTOM del Regno Unito Gibraltar Gibraltar Gibilterra Cayman Islands Isole Cayman Kaimaninseln Turks- und Caicosinseln Turks and Caicos Islands Isole Turks e Caicos Jungferninseln Virgin Islands Isole Vergini Falklandinseln Falkland Islands Isole Falkland Montserrat Montserrat Montserrat Anguilla Anguilla Anguilla Pitcairn Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Saint Helena Sant'Elena St. Helena OGANIZZAZIONI INTERNAZIONALI INTERNATIONALE ORGANISATION INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS Vereinte Nationen United Nations Nazioni Unite Sonderorganisation der Vereinten Nationen UN specialist institution istituzioni specializzate dell'ONU FAO FAO FAO IFAD FISA IFAD ICAO ICAO ICAO IAO ILO OIL IAA International Labour Office BIT International Labour Conference Conferenza internazionale del lavoro Internationale Arbeitskonferenz IMO IMO IMO WOM WMO OMM OMPI WIPO WIPO WHO WHO OMS ITU UIT ITU UNESCO Unesco Unesco IIPE IIEP IIEP Unisist Unisist UNISIST IBE IBE BIE UPU UPU UPU Weltbank World Bank Banca mondiale INCB INCB OICS UNO ONU UNO Kommission UNO UN Commission commissione dell'ONU UN Technical Commission commissione tecnica dell'ONU Technische Kommission UNO Sicherheitsrat UNO UN Security Council Consiglio di sicurezza dell'ONU Treuhandrat UNO UN Trusteeship Council Consiglio di tutela dell'ONU Internationaler Gerichtshof International Court of Justice Corte internazionale di giustizia Generalversammlung UNO UN General Assembly Assemblea generale dell'ONU Ecosoc Ecosoc Ecosoc Sekretariat der Vereinten Nationen UN Secretariat segretariato dell'ONU UN Standing Committee comitato permanente dell'ONU Ständiger Ausschuss UNO Internationales Kriegsverbrechertribunal International Criminal Tribunal Tribunale penale internazionale Internationaler Strafgerichtshof International Criminal Court Corte penale internazionale System der Vereinten Nationen United Nations system sistema delle Nazioni Unite UNICEF Unicef Unicef IAEA AIEA IAEO UNFPA UNFPA UNFPA UNRISD UNRISD UNRISD UNIDO Unido UNIDO UNDP UNDP PSNU UNEP UNEP UNEP WEP WFP PAM UNHCR UNHCR UNHCR UNCRD UNCRD UNCRD UNITAR Unitar Unitar UNRWA UNRWA UNRWA TAB TAB UAT ONU Habitat Habitat UN Habitat CPS SPC SPC WFC WFC WFC UNCTAD Unctad UNCTAD IHZ ITC ITC UNCED UNCED UNCED Organisation für das Verbot chemischer Waffen OPCW OIAC Welt-Tourismusorganisation World Tourism Organisation OMT Pnucid [V4.2] UNDCP [V4.2] UNIDCP [V4.2] European organisations organizzazioni europee Europäische Organisation europäische Organisation European organisation organizzazione europea Europarat Council of Europe Consiglio d'Europa Menschenrechtskommission Commission on Human Rights Commissione dei diritti dell'uomo Council for Cultural Cooperation Consiglio della cooperazione culturale Rat für kulturelle Zusammenarbeit Europäischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte European Court of Human Rights Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo Fonds des Europarates Council of Europe fund fondi del Consiglio d'Europa KGRE CLRAE CPLRE Nordic Council Consiglio nordico Nordischer Rat EADI EADI EADI EFTA EFTA EFTA EFTA-Gerichtshof EFTA Court Corte EFTA Eurocontrol Eurocontrol Eurocontrol EPA EPO UEB ASE ESA ESA EAB EEB BEE EAES SEEN SEEA ENEA ENEA AEEN Europäisches Institut Florenz European University Institute of Florence Istituto europeo di Firenze UER EBU UER BLWU BLEU UEBL UED UEDE EECU WEU WEU UEO Euro-Korps European army corps Corpo militare europeo UNIR UNIR UIR Benelux Benelux Benelux EBV BEUC BEUC RGW CMEA CMAE CEPT CEPT CEPT CEAC ECAC ECAC EKVM ECMT CEMT CERN CERN CERN ESRO ESRO ESRO EGB ETUC Confederazione europea dei sindacati EGI ETUI ISE Istituto europeo di amministrazione pubblica Europäisches Institut für öffentliche Verwaltung European Institute of Public Administration Europäisches Institut für Normung European Standards Institute Istituto europeo di normalizzazione CEN CEN CEN Cenelec Cenelec Cenelec ETSI ETSI ETSI UNICE UNICE UNICE Eutelsat Eutelsat Eutelsat ELEC LECE LECE CEEP CEEP CEEP CEFTA CEFTA ALECE CCNR ZKR CCNR Außereuropäische Organisation extra-European organisations organizzazioni extraeuropee afrikanische Organisation African organisation organizzazione africana OCAM AMCO OCAM African Union Unione africana Afrikanische Union UEMOA WAEMU UEMOA UDEAC CAEEU UDEAC UEA UAS UEA OAG CAO CAO CEAE CEAE CEAE CEAO CEAO CEAO ECOWAS ECOWAS ECOWAS CEEAC ECCAS CEEAC Afro-Asian organisations organizzazione afroasiatica afrikanisch-asiatische Organisation Afrasec Afrasec Afrasec amerikanische Organisation American organisation organizzazione americana OAS OAS OAS Interamerikanischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte Inter-American Court of Human Rights Corte interamericana dei diritti dell'uomo NAFTA NAFTA-associazione NAFTA FTAA FTAA ZLEA Assoziation karibischer Staaten Association of Caribbean States Associazione degli Stati dei Caraibi arabische Organisation Arab organisation organizzazione araba Arabische Liga Arab League Lega araba Arab Common Market Mercato comune arabo Arabischer Gemeinsamer Markt PLO PLO OLP OAPEC OAPEC OAPEC Golfkooperationsrat Gulf Cooperation Council Consiglio di cooperazione del Golfo asiatische Organisation Asian organisation organizzazione asiatica ASPAC Aspac Aspac Asean ASEAN ASEAN OAP APO APO SEATO SEATO SEATO Colombo-Plan Colombo Plan Piano di Colombo ADC ADC ADC APPU APPU APPU SAARC SAARC ASACR APEC APEC APEC lateinamerikanische Organisation Latin American organisation organizzazione latinoamericana ALADI LAIA ALADI Andean Group Gruppo andino Andengruppe Andenparlament Andean Parliament Parlamento andino Intal INTAL INTAL OCAS OCAS ODECA Zentralamerikanisches Parlament Central American Parliament Parlamento centramericano Latin American Parliament Parlamento latinoamericano Lateinamerikanisches Parlament GMMA CACM MCCA SELA LAES SELA Caricom Caricom Caricom Mercosur Mercosur Mercosur Zwischenstaatliche Organisation intergovernmental organisations organizzazioni intergovernative zwischenstaatliche Organisation intergovernmental organisation organizzazione intergovernativa Commonwealth Commonwealth Commonwealth CCD Consiglio di cooperazione doganale RZZ ASPAC Aspac Aspac Europarat Council of Europe Consiglio d'Europa Menschenrechtskommission Commission on Human Rights Commissione dei diritti dell'uomo Council for Cultural Cooperation Consiglio della cooperazione culturale Rat für kulturelle Zusammenarbeit Europäischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte European Court of Human Rights Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo Fonds des Europarates Council of Europe fund fondi del Consiglio d'Europa KGRE CLRAE CPLRE EFTA EFTA EFTA EFTA-Gerichtshof EFTA Court Corte EFTA Eurocontrol Eurocontrol Eurocontrol ALADI ALADI LAIA Arabische Liga Arab League Lega araba Asean ASEAN ASEAN NAFO NAFO NAFO ANZUS Anzus ANZUS OAP APO APO OCAM AMCO OCAM OCSE OECD OECD Europäische Produktivitätszentrale European Productivity Agency Agenzia europea di produttività Nuclear Energy Agency Agenzia per l'energia nucleare Kernenergie-Agentur Internationale Energie-Agentur International Energy Agency Agenzia internazionale per l'energia OCAS OCAS ODECA Zentralamerikanisches Parlament Central American Parliament Parlamento centramericano Latin American Parliament Parlamento latinoamericano Lateinamerikanisches Parlament OAS OAS OAS Interamerikanischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte Inter-American Court of Human Rights Corte interamericana dei diritti dell'uomo OAPEC OAPEC OAPEC OPEC OPEC OPEC Warschauer Pakt Warsaw Pact Organisation Organizzazione del trattato di Varsavia NATO NATO NATO Slowakei Slovakia Slovacchia SEATO SEATO SEATO Afrikanische Union African Union Unione africana Colombo Plan Piano di Colombo Colombo-Plan ESA ESA ASE DAC DAC CAS IATA IATA IATA UDEAC CAEEU UDEAC UEBL BLWU BLEU UEDE EECU UED WEU UEO WEU Euro-Korps European army corps Corpo militare europeo UEA UAS UEA APPU APPU APPU Benelux Benelux Benelux BIZ BIS BRI CMAE RGW CMEA OAG CAO CAO Caricom Caricom Caricom CEAE CEAE CEAE CEAO CEAO CEAO CEMT EKVM ECMT CERN CERN CERN Consiglio di cooperazione del Nord Atlantico NAKR NACC GUS CIS Comunità degli Stati indipendenti IOM OIM IOM WFC WFC WFC Gruppe der am stärksten industrialisierten Länder group of leading industrialised countries gruppo dei paesi più industrializzati Gruppo di Rio Rio-Gruppe Rio Group Weltzollorganisation World Customs Organisation Organizzazione mondiale delle dogane UIE OIE IOE Nichtregierungsorganisation non-governmental organisations organizzazione non governativa Nichtregierungsorganisation non-governmental organisation organizzazione non governativa WVA WCL FML Council of European Municipalities and Regions Consiglio dei comuni e delle regioni d'Europa Rat der Gemeinden und Regionen Europas EADI EADI EADI Afrasec Afrasec Afrasec Rotes Kreuz ICRC Croce Rossa IVBV IFLA FIAB FID FID FID IVSS IASS AISS ISO ISO ISO Amnesty International Amnesty International Amnesty International Interparlamentarische Union Interparliamentary Union Unione interparlamentare ZIE CID CSI EGB ETUC Confederazione europea dei sindacati EGI ETUI ISE UNICE UNICE UNICE IBFG ICFTU CISL Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme GENERAL GENERAL Communication, education, history, and philosophy Communication, education, history, and philosophy Announcements, news, and organizational activities Announcements, news, and organizational activities Announcements, news, and awards Announcements, news, and awards Conferences, lectures, and institutes Conferences, lectures, and institutes Physics organizational activities Physics organizational activities Communication forms and techniques (written, oral, electronic, etc.) Communication forms and techniques (written, oral, electronic, etc.) Physics literature and publications Physics literature and publications Publications of lectures (advanced institutes, summer schools, etc.) Publications of lectures (advanced institutes, summer schools, etc.) Conference proceedings Conference proceedings Monographs and collections Monographs and collections Handbooks, dictionaries, tables, and data compilations Handbooks, dictionaries, tables, and data compilations Physics laboratory manuals Physics laboratory manuals Secondary schools Secondary schools Undergraduate schools Undergraduate schools Textbooks Textbooks Textbooks for graduates and researchers Textbooks for graduates and researchers Textbooks for undergraduates Textbooks for undergraduates Textbooks for students in grades 9-12 Textbooks for students in grades 9-12 Textbooks for students in grades K-8 Textbooks for students in grades K-8 Books of general interest to physics teachers Books of general interest to physics teachers Surveys and tutorial papers; resource letters Surveys and tutorial papers; resource letters Bibliographies Bibliographies Book reviews Book reviews Publications in electronic media (for the topic of electronic publishing, see 01.20.+x) Publications in electronic media (for the topic of electronic publishing, see 01.20.+x) Education Education Course design and evaluation Course design and evaluation Science in school Science in school Elementary school Elementary school Secondary school Secondary school Research in physics education Research in physics education Curricula and evaluation Curricula and evaluation Teaching methods and strategies Teaching methods and strategies Theory of testing and techniques Theory of testing and techniques Learning theory and science teaching Learning theory and science teaching Teacher training Teacher training Preservice training Preservice training Inservice training Inservice training Educational aids Educational aids Audio and visual aids Audio and visual aids Audio devices Audio devices Films; electronic video devices Films; electronic video devices Posters, cartoons, art, etc. Posters, cartoons, art, etc. Computers in education Computers in education Instructional computer use Instructional computer use Computer software and software reviews Computer software and software reviews Techniques of testing Techniques of testing Laboratory computer use (see also 01.50.Pa) Laboratory computer use (see also 01.50.Pa) Demonstration experiments and apparatus Demonstration experiments and apparatus Laboratory experiments and apparatus (see also 01.50.Lc) Laboratory experiments and apparatus (see also 01.50.Lc) Laboratory course design, organization, and evaluation Laboratory course design, organization, and evaluation Physics tournaments and contests Physics tournaments and contests Physics of toys Physics of toys Errors in physics classroom materials Errors in physics classroom materials National and international laboratory facilities National and international laboratory facilities General physics General physics Biographies, tributes, personal notes, and obituaries Biographies, tributes, personal notes, and obituaries History of science History of science Philosophy of science Philosophy of science Science and society (for science and government, see 01.78.+p) Science and society (for science and government, see 01.78.+p) Science and government (funding, politics, etc.) Science and government (funding, politics, etc.) Physics of games and sports Physics of games and sports Careers in physics and science Careers in physics and science Other topics of general interest (restricted to new topics in section 01) Other topics of general interest (restricted to new topics in section 01) Mathematical methods in physics Mathematical methods in physics Logic, set theory, and algebra Logic, set theory, and algebra Logic and set theory Logic and set theory Algebraic structures and number theory Algebraic structures and number theory Rings and algebras Rings and algebras Knot theory Knot theory Combinatorics; graph theory Combinatorics; graph theory Linear algebra Linear algebra Multilinear algebra Multilinear algebra Matrix theory Matrix theory Group theory (for algebraic methods in quantum mechanics, see 03.65.Fd; for symmetries in elementary particle physics, see 11.30.-j) Group theory (for algebraic methods in quantum mechanics, see 03.65.Fd; for symmetries in elementary particle physics, see 11.30.-j) General structures of groups General structures of groups Classical groups Classical groups General properties, structure, and representation of Lie groups General properties, structure, and representation of Lie groups Discrete subgroups of Lie groups Discrete subgroups of Lie groups Lie algebras of Lie groups Lie algebras of Lie groups Infinite-dimensional Lie groups Infinite-dimensional Lie groups Quantum groups Quantum groups Function theory, analysis Function theory, analysis Measure and integration Measure and integration Potential theory Potential theory Several complex variables and analytic spaces Several complex variables and analytic spaces Special functions Special functions Ordinary differential equations Ordinary differential equations Integrable systems Integrable systems Partial differential equations Partial differential equations Delay and functional equations Delay and functional equations Sequences, series, and summability Sequences, series, and summability Approximations and expansions Approximations and expansions Fourier analysis Fourier analysis Bifurcation theory (see also 47.20.Ky in fluid dynamics) Bifurcation theory (see also 47.20.Ky in fluid dynamics) Abstract harmonic analysis Abstract harmonic analysis Integral equations Integral equations Functional analysis Functional analysis Operator theory Operator theory Integral transforms Integral transforms Operational calculus Operational calculus Calculus of variations Calculus of variations Control theory Control theory Inverse problems Inverse problems Geometry, differential geometry, and topology (see also section 04 Relativity and gravitation) Geometry, differential geometry, and topology (see also section 04 Relativity and gravitation) Euclidean and projective geometries Euclidean and projective geometries Convex sets and geometric inequalities Convex sets and geometric inequalities Noncommutative geometry Noncommutative geometry Classical differential geometry Classical differential geometry Riemannian geometries Riemannian geometries Global differential geometry Global differential geometry General topology General topology Algebraic topology Algebraic topology Manifolds and cell complexes Manifolds and cell complexes Complex manifolds Complex manifolds Global analysis and analysis on manifolds Global analysis and analysis on manifolds Singularity theory (see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) Singularity theory (see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) Geometric mechanics (see also 45.20.Jj in formalisms in classical mechanics) Geometric mechanics (see also 45.20.Jj in formalisms in classical mechanics) Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics (see also section 05 Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems) Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics (see also section 05 Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems) Probability theory Probability theory Stochastic processes Stochastic processes Stochastic analysis Stochastic analysis Markov processes Markov processes Decision theory and game theory Decision theory and game theory Distribution theory and Monte Carlo studies Distribution theory and Monte Carlo studies Multivariate analysis Multivariate analysis Inference methods Inference methods Numerical approximation and analysis Numerical approximation and analysis Numerical simulation; solution of equations Numerical simulation; solution of equations Numerical linear algebra Numerical linear algebra Interpolation; curve fitting Interpolation; curve fitting Algorithms for functional approximation Algorithms for functional approximation Numerical differentiation and integration Numerical differentiation and integration Ordinary and partial differential equations; boundary value problems Ordinary and partial differential equations; boundary value problems Integral and integrodifferential equations Integral and integrodifferential equations Numerical optimization Numerical optimization Computational techniques; simulations (for quantum computation, see 03.67.Lx; for computational techniques extensively used in subdivisions of physics, see the appropriate section; for example, see 47.11.-j Computational methods in fluid dynamics) Computational techniques; simulations (for quantum computation, see 03.67.Lx; for computational techniques extensively used in subdivisions of physics, see the appropriate section; for example, see 47.11.-j Computational methods in fluid dynamics) Finite-difference methods Finite-difference methods Finite-element and Galerkin methods Finite-element and Galerkin methods Spectral methods Spectral methods Collocation methods Collocation methods Molecular dynamics and particle methods Molecular dynamics and particle methods Boundary-integral methods Boundary-integral methods General statistical methods General statistical methods Quantum Monte Carlo methods Quantum Monte Carlo methods Justifications or modifications of Monte Carlo methods Justifications or modifications of Monte Carlo methods Applications of Monte Carlo methods (see also 02.50.Ng in probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics, and 05.10.Ln in statistical physics) Applications of Monte Carlo methods (see also 02.50.Ng in probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics, and 05.10.Ln in statistical physics) Symbolic computation (computer algebra) Symbolic computation (computer algebra) Other topics in mathematical methods in physics (restricted to new topics in section 02) Other topics in mathematical methods in physics (restricted to new topics in section 02) Quantum mechanics, field theories, and special relativity (see also section 11 General theory of fields and particles) Quantum mechanics, field theories, and special relativity (see also section 11 General theory of fields and particles) Special relativity Special relativity Classical field theories Classical field theories Classical electromagnetism, Maxwell equations (for applied classical electromagnetism, see 41.20.-q) Classical electromagnetism, Maxwell equations (for applied classical electromagnetism, see 41.20.-q) Other special classical field theories Other special classical field theories Quantum mechanics [see also 03.67.-a Quantum information; 05.30.-d Quantum statistical mechanics; 31.30.J- Relativistic and quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions in atomic physics] Quantum mechanics [see also 03.67.-a Quantum information; 05.30.-d Quantum statistical mechanics; 31.30.J- Relativistic and quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions in atomic physics] Formalism Formalism Functional analytical methods Functional analytical methods Algebraic methods (see also 02.20.-a Group theory) Algebraic methods (see also 02.20.-a Group theory) Solutions of wave equations: bound states Solutions of wave equations: bound states Scattering theory Scattering theory Relativistic wave equations Relativistic wave equations Semiclassical theories and applications Semiclassical theories and applications Foundations of quantum mechanics; measurement theory (for optical tests of quantum theory, see 42.50.Xa) Foundations of quantum mechanics; measurement theory (for optical tests of quantum theory, see 42.50.Xa) Entanglement and quantum nonlocality (e.g. EPR paradox, Bell's inequalities, GHZ states, etc.) (for entanglement production and manipulation, see 03.67.Bg; for entanglement measures, witnesses etc., see 03.67.Mn; for entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Entanglement and quantum nonlocality (e.g. EPR paradox, Bell's inequalities, GHZ states, etc.) (for entanglement production and manipulation, see 03.67.Bg; for entanglement measures, witnesses etc., see 03.67.Mn; for entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Phases: geometric; dynamic or topological Phases: geometric; dynamic or topological State reconstruction, quantum tomography State reconstruction, quantum tomography Tunneling, traversal time, quantum Zeno dynamics Tunneling, traversal time, quantum Zeno dynamics Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods (see also 03.67.Pp in quantum information; for decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods (see also 03.67.Pp in quantum information; for decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Quantum information (see also 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements; 42.50.Ex Optical implementations of quantum information processing and transfer in quantum optics) Quantum information (see also 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements; 42.50.Ex Optical implementations of quantum information processing and transfer in quantum optics) Quantum algorithms, protocols, and simulations Quantum algorithms, protocols, and simulations Entanglement production and manipulation (for entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Entanglement production and manipulation (for entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Quantum cryptography and communication security Quantum cryptography and communication security Quantum communication Quantum communication Quantum computation architectures and implementations Quantum computation architectures and implementations Entanglement measures, witnesses, and other characterizations (see also 03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality; 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements in quantum optics) Entanglement measures, witnesses, and other characterizations (see also 03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality; 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements in quantum optics) Quantum error correction and other methods for protection against decoherence (see also 03.65.Yz Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods; for decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Quantum error correction and other methods for protection against decoherence (see also 03.65.Yz Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods; for decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) Theory of quantized fields (see also 11.10.-z Field theory) Theory of quantized fields (see also 11.10.-z Field theory) Matter waves (for atom interferometry, see 37.25.+k; see also 67.85.-d ultracold gases, trapped gases in quantum fluids and solids) Matter waves (for atom interferometry, see 37.25.+k; see also 67.85.-d ultracold gases, trapped gases in quantum fluids and solids) Atom and neutron optics Atom and neutron optics Atom and neutron interferometry Atom and neutron interferometry Entanglement and decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates Entanglement and decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates Static properties of condensates; thermodynamical, statistical, and structural properties Static properties of condensates; thermodynamical, statistical, and structural properties Dynamic properties of condensates; collective and hydrodynamic excitations, superfluid flow Dynamic properties of condensates; collective and hydrodynamic excitations, superfluid flow Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices, and topological excitations Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices, and topological excitations Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates Other Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena Other Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena Atom lasers Atom lasers Degenerate Fermi gases Degenerate Fermi gases General relativity and gravitation (for astrophysical aspects, see 95.30.Sf Relativity and gravitation; for relativistic aspects of cosmology, see 98.80.Jk) General relativity and gravitation (for astrophysical aspects, see 95.30.Sf Relativity and gravitation; for relativistic aspects of cosmology, see 98.80.Jk) Classical general relativity (see also 02.40.-k Geometry, differential geometry, and topology) Classical general relativity (see also 02.40.-k Geometry, differential geometry, and topology) Fundamental problems and general formalism Fundamental problems and general formalism Singularities and cosmic censorship Singularities and cosmic censorship Initial value problem, existence and uniqueness of solutions Initial value problem, existence and uniqueness of solutions Canonical formalism, Lagrangians, and variational principles Canonical formalism, Lagrangians, and variational principles Spacetime topology, causal structure, spinor structure Spacetime topology, causal structure, spinor structure Asymptotic structure Asymptotic structure Exact solutions Exact solutions Approximation methods; equations of motion Approximation methods; equations of motion Numerical relativity Numerical relativity Numerical studies of critical behavior, singularities, and cosmic censorship Numerical studies of critical behavior, singularities, and cosmic censorship Numerical studies of black holes and black-hole binaries Numerical studies of black holes and black-hole binaries Numerical studies of other relativistic binaries (see also 97.80.-d Binary and multiple stars in astronomy) Numerical studies of other relativistic binaries (see also 97.80.-d Binary and multiple stars in astronomy) Post-Newtonian approximation; perturbation theory; related approximations Post-Newtonian approximation; perturbation theory; related approximations Gravitational waves (see also 04.80.Nn Gravitational wave detectors and experiments) Gravitational waves (see also 04.80.Nn Gravitational wave detectors and experiments) Wave generation and sources Wave generation and sources Wave propagation and interactions Wave propagation and interactions Gravitational-wave astrophysics (see also 95.85.Sz Gravitational radiation, magnetic fields, and other observations in astronomy) Gravitational-wave astrophysics (see also 95.85.Sz Gravitational radiation, magnetic fields, and other observations in astronomy) Self-gravitating systems; continuous media and classical fields in curved spacetime Self-gravitating systems; continuous media and classical fields in curved spacetime Relativistic stars: structure, stability, and oscillations (see also 97.60.-s Late stages of stellar evolution) Relativistic stars: structure, stability, and oscillations (see also 97.60.-s Late stages of stellar evolution) Einstein-Maxwell spacetimes, spacetimes with fluids, radiation or classical fields Einstein-Maxwell spacetimes, spacetimes with fluids, radiation or classical fields Higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity (see also 11.25.Mj Compactification and four-dimensional models, 11.25.Uv D branes) Higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity (see also 11.25.Mj Compactification and four-dimensional models, 11.25.Uv D branes) Kaluza-Klein theories Kaluza-Klein theories Higher-dimensional black holes, black strings, and related objects Higher-dimensional black holes, black strings, and related objects Modified theories of gravity Modified theories of gravity Quantum gravity (see also 11.25.-w Strings and branes) Quantum gravity (see also 11.25.-w Strings and branes) Phenomenology of quantum gravity Phenomenology of quantum gravity Gravitational aspects of string theory Gravitational aspects of string theory Canonical quantization Canonical quantization Covariant and sum-over-histories quantization Covariant and sum-over-histories quantization Lower dimensional models; minisuperspace models Lower dimensional models; minisuperspace models Lattice and discrete methods Lattice and discrete methods Loop quantum gravity, quantum geometry, spin foams Loop quantum gravity, quantum geometry, spin foams Quantum fields in curved spacetime Quantum fields in curved spacetime Supergravity (see also 12.60.Jv Supersymmetric models) Supergravity (see also 12.60.Jv Supersymmetric models) Physics of black holes (see also 97.60.Lf-in astronomy) Physics of black holes (see also 97.60.Lf-in astronomy) Classical black holes Classical black holes Quantum aspects of black holes, evaporation, thermodynamics Quantum aspects of black holes, evaporation, thermodynamics Experimental studies of gravity Experimental studies of gravity Experimental tests of gravitational theories Experimental tests of gravitational theories Gravitational wave detectors and experiments (see also 95.55.Ym Gravitational radiation detectors; mass spectrometers; and other instrumentation and techniques) Gravitational wave detectors and experiments (see also 95.55.Ym Gravitational radiation detectors; mass spectrometers; and other instrumentation and techniques) Other topics in general relativity and gravitation (restricted to new topics in section 04) Other topics in general relativity and gravitation (restricted to new topics in section 04) Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems (see also 02.50.-r Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics) Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems (see also 02.50.-r Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics) Computational methods in statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics (see also 02.70.-c in mathematical methods in physics) Computational methods in statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics (see also 02.70.-c in mathematical methods in physics) Renormalization group methods Renormalization group methods Stochastic analysis methods (Fokker-Planck, Langevin, etc.) Stochastic analysis methods (Fokker-Planck, Langevin, etc.) Monte Carlo methods (see also 02.70.Tt, Uu in mathematical methods in physics; for Monte Carlo methods extensively used in subdivisions of physics, see the appropriate section; for example, see 52.65.Pp in plasma simulation) Monte Carlo methods (see also 02.70.Tt, Uu in mathematical methods in physics; for Monte Carlo methods extensively used in subdivisions of physics, see the appropriate section; for example, see 52.65.Pp in plasma simulation) Classical statistical mechanics Classical statistical mechanics Kinetic theory (see also 51.10.+y Kinetic and transport theory of gases) Kinetic theory (see also 51.10.+y Kinetic and transport theory of gases) Classical ensemble theory Classical ensemble theory Statistical mechanics of classical fluids (see also 47.10.-g General theory in fluid dynamics) Statistical mechanics of classical fluids (see also 47.10.-g General theory in fluid dynamics) Quantum statistical mechanics (for quantum fluids aspects, see 67.10.Fj) Quantum statistical mechanics (for quantum fluids aspects, see 67.10.Fj) Quantum ensemble theory Quantum ensemble theory Fermion systems and electron gas (see also 71.10.-w Theories and models of many-electron systems; see also 67.10.Db Fermion degeneracy in quantum fluids) Fermion systems and electron gas (see also 71.10.-w Theories and models of many-electron systems; see also 67.10.Db Fermion degeneracy in quantum fluids) Boson systems (for static and dynamic properties of Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Hh and 03.75.Kk; see also 67.10.Ba Boson degeneracy in quantum fluids) Boson systems (for static and dynamic properties of Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Hh and 03.75.Kk; see also 67.10.Ba Boson degeneracy in quantum fluids) Fractional statistics systems (anyons, etc.) Fractional statistics systems (anyons, etc.) Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion (for fluctuations in superconductivity, see 74.40.+k; for statistical theory and fluctuations in nuclear reactions, see 24.60.-k; for fluctuations in plasma, see 52.25.Gj) Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion (for fluctuations in superconductivity, see 74.40.+k; for statistical theory and fluctuations in nuclear reactions, see 24.60.-k; for fluctuations in plasma, see 52.25.Gj) Noise Noise Random walks and Levy flights Random walks and Levy flights Brownian motion Brownian motion Nonlinear dynamics and chaos (see also section 45 Classical mechanics of discrete systems; for chaos in fluid dynamics, see 47.52.+j) Nonlinear dynamics and chaos (see also section 45 Classical mechanics of discrete systems; for chaos in fluid dynamics, see 47.52.+j) Low-dimensional chaos Low-dimensional chaos Fractals (see also 47.53.+n Fractals in fluid dynamics; 61.43.Hv Fractals; macroscopic aggregates in structure of solids) Fractals (see also 47.53.+n Fractals in fluid dynamics; 61.43.Hv Fractals; macroscopic aggregates in structure of solids) Control of chaos, applications of chaos Control of chaos, applications of chaos High-dimensional chaos High-dimensional chaos Quantum chaos; semiclassical methods Quantum chaos; semiclassical methods Numerical simulations of chaotic systems Numerical simulations of chaotic systems Coupled map lattices Coupled map lattices Time series analysis Time series analysis Communication using chaos Communication using chaos Synchronization; coupled oscillators Synchronization; coupled oscillators Solitons (see 52.35.Sb for solitons in plasma; for solitons in acoustics, see 43.25.Rq-in Acoustics Appendix; see 42.50.Md, 42.65.Tg, 42.81.Dp for solitons in optics; see also 03.75.Lm in matter waves; for solitons in space plasma physics, see 94.05.Fg; for solitary waves in fluid dynamics, see 47.35.Fg) Solitons (see 52.35.Sb for solitons in plasma; for solitons in acoustics, see 43.25.Rq-in Acoustics Appendix; see 42.50.Md, 42.65.Tg, 42.81.Dp for solitons in optics; see also 03.75.Lm in matter waves; for solitons in space plasma physics, see 94.05.Fg; for solitary waves in fluid dynamics, see 47.35.Fg) Lattice theory and statistics (Ising, Potts, etc.) (see also 64.60.Cn Order-disorder transformations, and 75.10.Hk Classical spin models) Lattice theory and statistics (Ising, Potts, etc.) (see also 64.60.Cn Order-disorder transformations, and 75.10.Hk Classical spin models) Transport processes Transport processes Classical transport Classical transport Quantum transport Quantum transport Self-organized systems (see also 45.70.-n in classical mechanics of discrete systems) Self-organized systems (see also 45.70.-n in classical mechanics of discrete systems) Thermodynamics (see also section 64 Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions, and section 65 Thermal properties of condensed matter; for chemical thermodynamics, see 82.60.-s; for thermodynamics of plasmas, see 52.25.Kn; for thermodynamic properties of quantum fluids, see section 67) Thermodynamics (see also section 64 Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions, and section 65 Thermal properties of condensed matter; for chemical thermodynamics, see 82.60.-s; for thermodynamics of plasmas, see 52.25.Kn; for thermodynamic properties of quantum fluids, see section 67) Thermodynamic functions and equations of state (see also 51.30.+i Thermodynamic properties, equations of state in physics of gases; for equations of state of specific substances, see 64.30.-t; for equations of state of nuclear matter, and of neutron-star matter, see 21.65.Mn and 26.60.Kp respectively; see also 95.30.Tg in astronomy) Thermodynamic functions and equations of state (see also 51.30.+i Thermodynamic properties, equations of state in physics of gases; for equations of state of specific substances, see 64.30.-t; for equations of state of nuclear matter, and of neutron-star matter, see 21.65.Mn and 26.60.Kp respectively; see also 95.30.Tg in astronomy) Phase transitions: general studies (see also 64.70.Tg Quantum phase transitions) Phase transitions: general studies (see also 64.70.Tg Quantum phase transitions) Critical point phenomena Critical point phenomena Nonequilibrium and irreversible thermodynamics (see also 82.40.Bj Oscillations, chaos, and bifurcations in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Nonequilibrium and irreversible thermodynamics (see also 82.40.Bj Oscillations, chaos, and bifurcations in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Interface and surface thermodynamics (see also 68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies in surfaces and interfaces) Interface and surface thermodynamics (see also 68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies in surfaces and interfaces) Other topics in statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems (restricted to new topics in section 05) Other topics in statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems (restricted to new topics in section 05) Metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures (for laser applications in metrology, see 42.62.Eh) Metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures (for laser applications in metrology, see 42.62.Eh) Metrology Metrology Measurement and error theory Measurement and error theory Units and standards Units and standards Units Units Standards and calibration Standards and calibration Determination of fundamental constants Determination of fundamental constants Measurements common to several branches of physics and astronomy Measurements common to several branches of physics and astronomy Spatial dimensions (e.g., position, lengths, volume, angles, and displacements) Spatial dimensions (e.g., position, lengths, volume, angles, and displacements) Mass and density Mass and density Time and frequency Time and frequency Velocity, acceleration, and rotation Velocity, acceleration, and rotation Basic electromagnetic quantities (see also 84.37.+q Measurements in electric variables) Basic electromagnetic quantities (see also 84.37.+q Measurements in electric variables) Laboratory procedures Laboratory procedures Sample preparation (including design of sample holders) Sample preparation (including design of sample holders) High-speed techniques (microsecond to femtosecond) High-speed techniques (microsecond to femtosecond) Testing and inspecting procedures Testing and inspecting procedures Positioning and alignment; manipulating, remote handling Positioning and alignment; manipulating, remote handling Workshop procedures (welding, machining, lubrication, bearings, etc.) Workshop procedures (welding, machining, lubrication, bearings, etc.) Laboratory safety procedures Laboratory safety procedures Other topics in metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures (restricted to new topics in section 06) Other topics in metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures (restricted to new topics in section 06) Instruments, apparatus, and components common to several branches of physics and astronomy (see also each subdiscipline for specialized instrumentation and techniques) Instruments, apparatus, and components common to several branches of physics and astronomy (see also each subdiscipline for specialized instrumentation and techniques) Computers in experimental physics Computers in experimental physics Computer systems: hardware, operating systems, computer languages, and utilities Computer systems: hardware, operating systems, computer languages, and utilities Control systems Control systems Design of experiments Design of experiments Data acquisition: hardware and software Data acquisition: hardware and software Data analysis: algorithms and implementation; data management (for data analysis in nuclear physics, see 29.85.-c) Data analysis: algorithms and implementation; data management (for data analysis in nuclear physics, see 29.85.-c) Neural networks, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence Neural networks, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence Image processing (see also 42.30.Va in optics; 87.57.-s Medical imaging in biological and medical physics; 95.75.Tv Digitization techniques in astronomy) Image processing (see also 42.30.Va in optics; 87.57.-s Medical imaging in biological and medical physics; 95.75.Tv Digitization techniques in astronomy) Data presentation and visualization: algorithms and implementation Data presentation and visualization: algorithms and implementation Computer modeling and simulation Computer modeling and simulation Computer interfaces (for nuclear physics applications, see 29.50.+v) Computer interfaces (for nuclear physics applications, see 29.50.+v) General equipment General equipment Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing Display and recording equipment, oscilloscopes, TV cameras, etc. Display and recording equipment, oscilloscopes, TV cameras, etc. Transducers Transducers Servo and control equipment; robots Servo and control equipment; robots Hygrometers; hygrometry Hygrometers; hygrometry Mechanical instruments and equipment Mechanical instruments and equipment Micromechanical devices and systems (for micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), see 85.85.+j in electronic and magnetic devices; see also 87.80.Ek Mechanical and micromechanical techniques; 87.85.Ox Biomedical instrumentation and transducers including micro-electro-mechanical systems in biological and medical physics) Micromechanical devices and systems (for micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), see 85.85.+j in electronic and magnetic devices; see also 87.80.Ek Mechanical and micromechanical techniques; 87.85.Ox Biomedical instrumentation and transducers including micro-electro-mechanical systems in biological and medical physics) Vibration isolation Vibration isolation Balance systems, tensile machines, etc. Balance systems, tensile machines, etc. Instruments for strain, force, and torque Instruments for strain, force, and torque Thermal instruments and apparatus Thermal instruments and apparatus Thermometers Thermometers Calorimeters (for calorimeters as radiation detectors, see 29.40.Vj) Calorimeters (for calorimeters as radiation detectors, see 29.40.Vj) Furnaces; heaters Furnaces; heaters High-temperature instrumentation; pyrometers High-temperature instrumentation; pyrometers Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment Heat engines; heat pumps; heat pipes Heat engines; heat pumps; heat pipes Vacuum apparatus Vacuum apparatus Degasification, residual gas Degasification, residual gas Vacuum pumps Vacuum pumps Vacuum gauges Vacuum gauges Vacuum testing methods; leak detectors Vacuum testing methods; leak detectors Vacuum chambers, auxiliary apparatus, and materials Vacuum chambers, auxiliary apparatus, and materials High-pressure apparatus; shock tubes; diamond anvil cells High-pressure apparatus; shock tubes; diamond anvil cells Electrical and electronic instruments and components Electrical and electronic instruments and components Circuits and circuit components (see also 84.30.-r Electronic circuits and 84.32.-y Passive circuit components) Circuits and circuit components (see also 84.30.-r Electronic circuits and 84.32.-y Passive circuit components) Electrical noise and shielding equipment Electrical noise and shielding equipment Electrometers Electrometers Signal processing electronics (see also 84.40.Ua in radiowave and microwave technology; 87.85.Ng Biological signal processing in biomedical engineering) Signal processing electronics (see also 84.40.Ua in radiowave and microwave technology; 87.85.Ng Biological signal processing in biomedical engineering) Magnetic instruments and components Magnetic instruments and components Generation of magnetic fields; magnets (for superconducting magnets, see 84.71.Ba; for beam focusing magnets, see 41.85.Lc in beam optics) Generation of magnetic fields; magnets (for superconducting magnets, see 84.71.Ba; for beam focusing magnets, see 41.85.Lc in beam optics) Magnetometers for magnetic field measurements Magnetometers for magnetic field measurements Magnetometers for susceptibility, magnetic moment, and magnetization measurements Magnetometers for susceptibility, magnetic moment, and magnetization measurements Magnetic shielding in instruments Magnetic shielding in instruments Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave instruments and equipment (for infrared and radio telescopes, see 95.55.Cs, 95.55.Fw, and 95.55.Jz in astronomy; for biophysical spectroscopic applications, see 87.64.-t) Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave instruments and equipment (for infrared and radio telescopes, see 95.55.Cs, 95.55.Fw, and 95.55.Jz in astronomy; for biophysical spectroscopic applications, see 87.64.-t) Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave sources (see also 42.72.Ai Infrared sources in optics) Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave sources (see also 42.72.Ai Infrared sources in optics) Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors (see also 85.60.Gz Photodetectors in electronic and magnetic devices, and 95.55.Rg Photoconductors and bolometers in astronomy) Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors (see also 85.60.Gz Photodetectors in electronic and magnetic devices, and 95.55.Rg Photoconductors and bolometers in astronomy) Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques Infrared spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques Infrared spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques Optical instruments and equipment (see also 87.64.M- Optical microscopy in biological and medical physics) Optical instruments and equipment (see also 87.64.M- Optical microscopy in biological and medical physics) Photometers, radiometers, and colorimeters Photometers, radiometers, and colorimeters Polarimeters and ellipsometers Polarimeters and ellipsometers Refractometers and reflectometers Refractometers and reflectometers Interferometers Interferometers Conventional optical microscopes (for near-field scanning optical microscopes, see 07.79.Fc; for x-ray microscopes, see 07.85.Tt) Conventional optical microscopes (for near-field scanning optical microscopes, see 07.79.Fc; for x-ray microscopes, see 07.85.Tt) Visible and ultraviolet spectrometers Visible and ultraviolet spectrometers Fiber-optic instruments (see also 42.81.-i Fiber optics) Fiber-optic instruments (see also 42.81.-i Fiber optics) Acoustic instruments and equipment (see also 43.58.+z-in acoustics) Acoustic instruments and equipment (see also 43.58.+z-in acoustics) Photography, photographic instruments; xerography Photography, photographic instruments; xerography Mass spectrometers (see also 82.80.Ms, 82.80.Nj, and 82.80.Rt in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Mass spectrometers (see also 82.80.Ms, 82.80.Nj, and 82.80.Rt in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Atomic, molecular, and charged-particle sources and detectors Atomic, molecular, and charged-particle sources and detectors Atomic and molecular beam sources and detectors (see also 37.20.+j Atomic and molecular beam sources and techniques, in atomic and molecular physics) Atomic and molecular beam sources and detectors (see also 37.20.+j Atomic and molecular beam sources and techniques, in atomic and molecular physics) Charged-particle beam sources and detectors (see also 29.40.-n Radiation detectors in nuclear physics) Charged-particle beam sources and detectors (see also 29.40.-n Radiation detectors in nuclear physics) Electron, positron, and ion microscopes; electron diffractometers Electron, positron, and ion microscopes; electron diffractometers Scanning probe microscopes and components (see also 68.37.-d Microscopy of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films) Scanning probe microscopes and components (see also 68.37.-d Microscopy of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films) Scanning tunneling microscopes Scanning tunneling microscopes Near-field scanning optical microscopes Near-field scanning optical microscopes Atomic force microscopes Atomic force microscopes Magnetic force microscopes Magnetic force microscopes Friction force microscopes Friction force microscopes Electron and ion spectrometers (see also 29.30.Dn Electron spectroscopy; 29.30.Ep Charged-particle spectroscopy in nuclear physics) Electron and ion spectrometers (see also 29.30.Dn Electron spectroscopy; 29.30.Ep Charged-particle spectroscopy in nuclear physics) X- and gamma-ray instruments (for x- and gamma-ray telescopes, see 95.55.Ka in astronomy; see also 41.50.+h X-ray beams and x-ray optics) X- and gamma-ray instruments (for x- and gamma-ray telescopes, see 95.55.Ka in astronomy; see also 41.50.+h X-ray beams and x-ray optics) X- and gamma-ray sources, mirrors, gratings, and detectors X- and gamma-ray sources, mirrors, gratings, and detectors Diffractometers Diffractometers X-ray and gamma-ray spectrometers X-ray and gamma-ray spectrometers Synchrotron radiation instrumentation Synchrotron radiation instrumentation X-ray microscopes X-ray microscopes Spaceborne and space research instruments, apparatus, and components (satellites, space vehicles, etc.) (for instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere, see 94.80.+g; see also 95.55.-n and 95.40.+s in astronomy) Spaceborne and space research instruments, apparatus, and components (satellites, space vehicles, etc.) (for instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere, see 94.80.+g; see also 95.55.-n and 95.40.+s in astronomy) Instruments for environmental pollution measurements Instruments for environmental pollution measurements Environmental effects on instruments (e.g., radiation and pollution effects) (for environmental effects on optical elements, devices, and systems, see 42.88.+h) Environmental effects on instruments (e.g., radiation and pollution effects) (for environmental effects on optical elements, devices, and systems, see 42.88.+h) Other topics in instruments, apparatus, and components common to several branches of physics and astronomy (restricted to new topics in section 07) Other topics in instruments, apparatus, and components common to several branches of physics and astronomy (restricted to new topics in section 07) THE PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS (for experimental methods and instrumentation for elementary-particle physics, see section 29) THE PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS (for experimental methods and instrumentation for elementary-particle physics, see section 29) General theory of fields and particles (see also 03.65.-w Quantum mechanics and 03.70.+k Theory of quantized fields) General theory of fields and particles (see also 03.65.-w Quantum mechanics and 03.70.+k Theory of quantized fields) Field theory (for gauge field theories, see 11.15.-q) Field theory (for gauge field theories, see 11.15.-q) Axiomatic approach Axiomatic approach Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approach Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approach Renormalization Renormalization Renormalization group evolution of parameters Renormalization group evolution of parameters Asymptotic problems and properties Asymptotic problems and properties Field theories in dimensions other than four (see also 04.50.-h Higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity; 04.60.Kz Lower dimensional models; minisuperspace models in general relativity and gravitation) Field theories in dimensions other than four (see also 04.50.-h Higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity; 04.60.Kz Lower dimensional models; minisuperspace models in general relativity and gravitation) Nonlinear or nonlocal theories and models (see also 11.27.+d Extended classical solutions; cosmic strings, domain walls, texture) Nonlinear or nonlocal theories and models (see also 11.27.+d Extended classical solutions; cosmic strings, domain walls, texture) Noncommutative field theory Noncommutative field theory Bound and unstable states; Bethe-Salpeter equations Bound and unstable states; Bethe-Salpeter equations Finite-temperature field theory Finite-temperature field theory Gauge field theories Gauge field theories General properties of perturbation theory General properties of perturbation theory Spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetries Spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetries Lattice gauge theory (see also 12.38.Gc Lattice QCD calculations) Lattice gauge theory (see also 12.38.Gc Lattice QCD calculations) Classical and semiclassical techniques Classical and semiclassical techniques Strong-coupling expansions Strong-coupling expansions Expansions for large numbers of components (e.g., 1/<i<N</i<<sub<<i<c</i<</sub< expansions) Expansions for large numbers of components (e.g., 1/<i<N</i<<sub<<i<c</i<</sub< expansions) Other nonperturbative techniques Other nonperturbative techniques Strings and branes (for cosmic strings, see 98.80.Cq in cosmology; see also 11.27.+d Extended classical solutions; cosmic strings, domain walls, texture) Strings and branes (for cosmic strings, see 98.80.Cq in cosmology; see also 11.27.+d Extended classical solutions; cosmic strings, domain walls, texture) Properties of perturbation theory Properties of perturbation theory Conformal field theory, algebraic structures Conformal field theory, algebraic structures Compactification and four-dimensional models Compactification and four-dimensional models Noncritical string theory Noncritical string theory Nonperturbative techniques; string field theory Nonperturbative techniques; string field theory Gauge/string duality Gauge/string duality D branes D branes String and brane phenomenology String and brane phenomenology M theory M theory Extended classical solutions; cosmic strings, domain walls, texture (see also 98.80.Cq in cosmology; 11.25.-w Strings and branes) Extended classical solutions; cosmic strings, domain walls, texture (see also 98.80.Cq in cosmology; 11.25.-w Strings and branes) Symmetry and conservation laws (see also 02.20.-a Group theory) Symmetry and conservation laws (see also 02.20.-a Group theory) Lorentz and Poincare invariance Lorentz and Poincare invariance Charge conjugation, parity, time reversal, and other discrete symmetries Charge conjugation, parity, time reversal, and other discrete symmetries Global symmetries (e.g., baryon number, lepton number) Global symmetries (e.g., baryon number, lepton number) Flavor symmetries Flavor symmetries Other internal and higher symmetries Other internal and higher symmetries Nonlinear and dynamical symmetries (spectrum-generating symmetries) Nonlinear and dynamical symmetries (spectrum-generating symmetries) Supersymmetry (see also 12.60.Jv Supersymmetric models) Supersymmetry (see also 12.60.Jv Supersymmetric models) Spontaneous and radiative symmetry breaking Spontaneous and radiative symmetry breaking Chiral symmetries Chiral symmetries Currents and their properties Currents and their properties General theory of currents General theory of currents Formal properties of current algebras (see also 12.39.Fe Chiral Lagrangians) Formal properties of current algebras (see also 12.39.Fe Chiral Lagrangians) Partially conserved axial-vector currents Partially conserved axial-vector currents S-matrix theory; analytic structure of amplitudes S-matrix theory; analytic structure of amplitudes Analytic properties of S matrix Analytic properties of S matrix Exact S matrices Exact S matrices Dispersion relations Dispersion relations Sum rules Sum rules Regge formalism (see also 12.40.Nn in strong interactions) Regge formalism (see also 12.40.Nn in strong interactions) Relativistic scattering theory Relativistic scattering theory Kinematical properties (helicity and invariant amplitudes, kinematic singularities, etc.) Kinematical properties (helicity and invariant amplitudes, kinematic singularities, etc.) Partial-wave analysis Partial-wave analysis Approximations (eikonal approximation, variational principles, etc.) Approximations (eikonal approximation, variational principles, etc.) Multichannel scattering Multichannel scattering Many-body scattering and Faddeev equation Many-body scattering and Faddeev equation Multiple scattering Multiple scattering Other topics in general theory of fields and particles (restricted to new topics in section 11) Other topics in general theory of fields and particles (restricted to new topics in section 11) Specific theories and interaction models; particle systematics Specific theories and interaction models; particle systematics Unified field theories and models (see also 04.50.-h Higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity-in general relativity and gravitation, 11.25.Mj Compactification and four-dimensional models) Unified field theories and models (see also 04.50.-h Higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity-in general relativity and gravitation, 11.25.Mj Compactification and four-dimensional models) Unified theories and models of strong and electroweak interactions Unified theories and models of strong and electroweak interactions Unification of couplings; mass relations Unification of couplings; mass relations Electroweak interactions Electroweak interactions Quark and lepton masses and mixing (see also 14.60.Pq Neutrino mass and mixing) Quark and lepton masses and mixing (see also 14.60.Pq Neutrino mass and mixing) Determination of Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements Determination of Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements Applications of electroweak models to specific processes Applications of electroweak models to specific processes Electroweak radiative corrections (see also 13.40.Ks Electromagnetic corrections to strong- and weak-interaction processes) Electroweak radiative corrections (see also 13.40.Ks Electromagnetic corrections to strong- and weak-interaction processes) Neutral currents Neutral currents Quantum electrodynamics Quantum electrodynamics Specific calculations Specific calculations Experimental tests (for optical tests in quantum electrodynamics, see 42.50.Xa) Experimental tests (for optical tests in quantum electrodynamics, see 42.50.Xa) Quantum chromodynamics Quantum chromodynamics General properties of QCD (dynamics, confinement, etc.) General properties of QCD (dynamics, confinement, etc.) Perturbative calculations Perturbative calculations Summation of perturbation theory Summation of perturbation theory Lattice QCD calculations (see also 11.15.Ha Lattice gauge theory) Lattice QCD calculations (see also 11.15.Ha Lattice gauge theory) Other nonperturbative calculations Other nonperturbative calculations Quark-gluon plasma (see also 25.75.Nq Quark deconfinement, quark-gluon plasma production and phase transitions in relativistic heavy ion collisions; see also 21.65.Qr Quark matter) Quark-gluon plasma (see also 25.75.Nq Quark deconfinement, quark-gluon plasma production and phase transitions in relativistic heavy ion collisions; see also 21.65.Qr Quark matter) Experimental tests Experimental tests Phenomenological quark models Phenomenological quark models Bag model Bag model Skyrmions Skyrmions Chiral Lagrangians Chiral Lagrangians Heavy quark effective theory Heavy quark effective theory Nonrelativistic quark model Nonrelativistic quark model Relativistic quark model Relativistic quark model Glueball and nonstandard multi-quark/gluon states Glueball and nonstandard multi-quark/gluon states Potential models Potential models Factorization Factorization Other models for strong interactions Other models for strong interactions Statistical models Statistical models Regge theory, duality, absorptive/optical models (see also 11.55.Jy Regge formalism) Regge theory, duality, absorptive/optical models (see also 11.55.Jy Regge formalism) Vector-meson dominance Vector-meson dominance Hadron mass models and calculations Hadron mass models and calculations Models beyond the standard model Models beyond the standard model Extensions of electroweak gauge sector Extensions of electroweak gauge sector Extensions of electroweak Higgs sector Extensions of electroweak Higgs sector Supersymmetric models (see also 04.65.+e Supergravity) Supersymmetric models (see also 04.65.+e Supergravity) Technicolor models Technicolor models Composite models Composite models Miscellaneous theoretical ideas and models (restricted to new topics in section 12) Miscellaneous theoretical ideas and models (restricted to new topics in section 12) Specific reactions and phenomenology Specific reactions and phenomenology Neutrino interactions Neutrino interactions Leptonic, semileptonic, and radiative decays of mesons Leptonic, semileptonic, and radiative decays of mesons Decays of pi mesons Decays of pi mesons Decays of <i<K</i< mesons Decays of <i<K</i< mesons Decays of charmed mesons Decays of charmed mesons Decays of <i<J</i</psi, Upsilon, and other quarkonia Decays of <i<J</i</psi, Upsilon, and other quarkonia Decays of bottom mesons Decays of bottom mesons Decays of other mesons Decays of other mesons Hadronic decays of mesons Hadronic decays of mesons Decays of pi mesons Decays of pi mesons Decays of <i<K</i< mesons Decays of <i<K</i< mesons Decays of charmed mesons Decays of charmed mesons Decays of <i<J</i</psi, Upsilon, and other quarkonia Decays of <i<J</i</psi, Upsilon, and other quarkonia Decays of bottom mesons Decays of bottom mesons Decays of other mesons Decays of other mesons Decays of baryons Decays of baryons Leptonic, semileptonic, and radiative decays Leptonic, semileptonic, and radiative decays Hadronic decays Hadronic decays Decays of leptons Decays of leptons Decays of muons Decays of muons Decays of taus Decays of taus Decays of heavy neutrinos Decays of heavy neutrinos Decays of intermediate bosons Decays of intermediate bosons Decays of <i<W</i< bosons Decays of <i<W</i< bosons Decays of <i<Z</i< bosons Decays of <i<Z</i< bosons Electromagnetic processes and properties Electromagnetic processes and properties Electromagnetic mass differences Electromagnetic mass differences Electric and magnetic moments Electric and magnetic moments Electromagnetic form factors Electromagnetic form factors Electromagnetic decays Electromagnetic decays Electromagnetic corrections to strong- and weak-interaction processes Electromagnetic corrections to strong- and weak-interaction processes Photon and charged-lepton interactions with hadrons (for neutrino interactions, see 13.15.+g) Photon and charged-lepton interactions with hadrons (for neutrino interactions, see 13.15.+g) Elastic and Compton scattering Elastic and Compton scattering Total and inclusive cross sections (including deep-inelastic processes) Total and inclusive cross sections (including deep-inelastic processes) Meson production Meson production Baryon production Baryon production Lepton-lepton interactions Lepton-lepton interactions Hadron production in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Hadron production in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Lepton production in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Lepton production in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Gauge and Higgs boson production in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Gauge and Higgs boson production in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Production of non-standard model particles in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Production of non-standard model particles in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Precision measurements in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Precision measurements in <i<e</i<<sup<-</sup<<i<e</i<<sup<+</sup< interactions Processes in other lepton-lepton interactions Processes in other lepton-lepton interactions Hadron-induced low- and intermediate-energy reactions and scattering (energy (less-than-or-equal-to) 10 GeV) (for higher energies, see 13.85.-t) Hadron-induced low- and intermediate-energy reactions and scattering (energy (less-than-or-equal-to) 10 GeV) (for higher energies, see 13.85.-t) Nucleon-nucleon interactions (including antinucleons, deuterons, etc.) (for <i<N</i<-<i<N</i< interactions in nuclei, see 21.30.-x) Nucleon-nucleon interactions (including antinucleons, deuterons, etc.) (for <i<N</i<-<i<N</i< interactions in nuclei, see 21.30.-x) Hyperon-nucleon interactions Hyperon-nucleon interactions Pion-baryon interactions Pion-baryon interactions Kaon-baryon interactions Kaon-baryon interactions Meson-meson interactions Meson-meson interactions Hadron-induced high- and super-high-energy interactions (energy < 10 GeV) (for low energies, see 13.75.-n) Hadron-induced high- and super-high-energy interactions (energy < 10 GeV) (for low energies, see 13.75.-n) Elastic scattering Elastic scattering Inelastic scattering: two-particle final states Inelastic scattering: two-particle final states Inelastic scattering: many-particle final states Inelastic scattering: many-particle final states Total cross sections Total cross sections Inclusive production with identified hadrons Inclusive production with identified hadrons Inclusive production with identified leptons, photons, or other nonhadronic particles Inclusive production with identified leptons, photons, or other nonhadronic particles Limits on production of particles Limits on production of particles Cosmic-ray interactions (see also 96.50.S- Cosmic rays in interplanetary physics) Cosmic-ray interactions (see also 96.50.S- Cosmic rays in interplanetary physics) Jets in large-Q<sup<2</sup< scattering Jets in large-Q<sup<2</sup< scattering Production Production Fragmentation into hadrons Fragmentation into hadrons Polarization in interactions and scattering Polarization in interactions and scattering Other topics in specific reactions and phenomenology of elementary particles (restricted to new topics in section 13) Other topics in specific reactions and phenomenology of elementary particles (restricted to new topics in section 13) Properties of specific particles Properties of specific particles Baryons (including antiparticles) Baryons (including antiparticles) Protons and neutrons Protons and neutrons Baryon resonances with <i<S</i<=0 Baryon resonances with <i<S</i<=0 Hyperons Hyperons Charmed baryons Charmed baryons Bottom baryons Bottom baryons Dibaryons Dibaryons Mesons Mesons pi, <i<K</i<, and eta mesons pi, <i<K</i<, and eta mesons Other mesons with <i<S</i<=<i<C</i<=0, mass < 2.5 GeV Other mesons with <i<S</i<=<i<C</i<=0, mass < 2.5 GeV Other strange mesons Other strange mesons Mesons with <i<S</i<=<i<C</i<=<i<B</i<=0, mass < 2.5 GeV (including quarkonia) Mesons with <i<S</i<=<i<C</i<=<i<B</i<=0, mass < 2.5 GeV (including quarkonia) Charmed mesons Charmed mesons Bottom mesons Bottom mesons Leptons Leptons Electrons (including positrons) Electrons (including positrons) Muons Muons Taus Taus Other charged heavy leptons Other charged heavy leptons Ordinary neutrinos (nu<sub<e</sub<, nu<sub<mu</sub<, nu<sub<tau</sub<) Ordinary neutrinos (nu<sub<e</sub<, nu<sub<mu</sub<, nu<sub<tau</sub<) Neutrino mass and mixing (see also 12.15.Ff Quark and lepton masses and mixing) Neutrino mass and mixing (see also 12.15.Ff Quark and lepton masses and mixing) Non-standard-model neutrinos, right-handed neutrinos, etc. Non-standard-model neutrinos, right-handed neutrinos, etc. Quarks Quarks Light quarks Light quarks Charmed quarks Charmed quarks Bottom quarks Bottom quarks Top quarks Top quarks Gauge bosons Gauge bosons Photons Photons Gluons Gluons <i<W</i< bosons <i<W</i< bosons <i<Z</i< bosons <i<Z</i< bosons Other gauge bosons Other gauge bosons Other particles (including hypothetical) Other particles (including hypothetical) Standard-model Higgs bosons Standard-model Higgs bosons Non-standard-model Higgs bosons Non-standard-model Higgs bosons Magnetic monopoles Magnetic monopoles Supersymmetric partners of known particles Supersymmetric partners of known particles Axions and other Nambu-Goldstone bosons (Majorons, familons, etc.) Axions and other Nambu-Goldstone bosons (Majorons, familons, etc.) NUCLEAR PHYSICS NUCLEAR PHYSICS Nuclear structure (for nucleon structure, see 14.20.Dh Properties of protons and neutrons; 13.40.-f for electromagnetic processes and properties; 13.60.Hb for deep-inelastic structure functions) Nuclear structure (for nucleon structure, see 14.20.Dh Properties of protons and neutrons; 13.40.-f for electromagnetic processes and properties; 13.60.Hb for deep-inelastic structure functions) Properties of nuclei; nuclear energy levels (for properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges, see section 27) Properties of nuclei; nuclear energy levels (for properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges, see section 27) Binding energies and masses Binding energies and masses Charge distribution Charge distribution Nucleon distributions and halo features Nucleon distributions and halo features Spin, parity, and isobaric spin Spin, parity, and isobaric spin Spectroscopic factors and asymptotic normalization coefficients Spectroscopic factors and asymptotic normalization coefficients Electromagnetic moments Electromagnetic moments Level density Level density Single-particle levels and strength functions Single-particle levels and strength functions Collective levels Collective levels Coulomb energies, analogue states Coulomb energies, analogue states Lifetimes, widths Lifetimes, widths Nuclear forces (see also 13.75.Cs Nucleon-nucleon interactions) Nuclear forces (see also 13.75.Cs Nucleon-nucleon interactions) Nuclear forces in vacuum Nuclear forces in vacuum Forces in hadronic systems and effective interactions Forces in hadronic systems and effective interactions Few-body systems Few-body systems Two-nucleon system Two-nucleon system Three-nucleon forces Three-nucleon forces Nuclear structure models and methods Nuclear structure models and methods Shell model Shell model <i<Ab initio</i< methods <i<Ab initio</i< methods Collective models Collective models Models based on group theory Models based on group theory Cluster models Cluster models Nuclear Density Functional Theory and extensions (includes Hartree-Fock and random-phase approximations) Nuclear Density Functional Theory and extensions (includes Hartree-Fock and random-phase approximations) Monte Carlo models Monte Carlo models Nuclear matter Nuclear matter Asymmetric matter, neutron matter Asymmetric matter, neutron matter Symmetry energy Symmetry energy Mesons in nuclear matter Mesons in nuclear matter Equations of state of nuclear matter (see also 26.60.Kp Equations of state of neutron-star matter) Equations of state of nuclear matter (see also 26.60.Kp Equations of state of neutron-star matter) Quark matter (see also 12.38.Mh Quark-gluon plasma in quantum chromodynamics; 25.75.Nq Quark deconfinement, quark-gluon plasma production and phase transitions in relativistic heavy-ion collisions) Quark matter (see also 12.38.Mh Quark-gluon plasma in quantum chromodynamics; 25.75.Nq Quark deconfinement, quark-gluon plasma production and phase transitions in relativistic heavy-ion collisions) Hypernuclei Hypernuclei Mesic nuclei Mesic nuclei Other topics in nuclear structure (restricted to new topics in section 21) Other topics in nuclear structure (restricted to new topics in section 21) Radioactive decay and in-beam spectroscopy Radioactive decay and in-beam spectroscopy Electromagnetic transitions Electromagnetic transitions Angular distribution and correlation measurements Angular distribution and correlation measurements Multipole mixing ratios Multipole mixing ratios Multipole matrix elements Multipole matrix elements gamma transitions and level energies gamma transitions and level energies Internal conversion and extranuclear effects (including Auger electrons and internal bremsstrahlung) Internal conversion and extranuclear effects (including Auger electrons and internal bremsstrahlung) Internal pair production Internal pair production Isomer decay Isomer decay beta decay; double beta decay; electron and muon capture beta decay; double beta decay; electron and muon capture Weak-interaction and lepton (including neutrino) aspects (see also 14.60.Pq Neutrino mass and mixing) Weak-interaction and lepton (including neutrino) aspects (see also 14.60.Pq Neutrino mass and mixing) Relation with nuclear matrix elements and nuclear structure Relation with nuclear matrix elements and nuclear structure Decay by proton emission Decay by proton emission alpha decay alpha decay Heavy-particle decay Heavy-particle decay Other topics in radioactive decay and in-beam spectroscopy (restricted to new topics in section 23) Other topics in radioactive decay and in-beam spectroscopy (restricted to new topics in section 23) Nuclear reactions: general Nuclear reactions: general Nuclear reaction models and methods Nuclear reaction models and methods Many-body theory Many-body theory Coupled-channel and distorted-wave models Coupled-channel and distorted-wave models Optical and diffraction models Optical and diffraction models Relativistic models Relativistic models Monte Carlo simulations (including hadron and parton cascades and string breaking models) Monte Carlo simulations (including hadron and parton cascades and string breaking models) Hydrodynamic models Hydrodynamic models Thermal and statistical models Thermal and statistical models Resonance reactions Resonance reactions Giant resonances Giant resonances Other resonances Other resonances Direct reactions Direct reactions Statistical theory and fluctuations Statistical theory and fluctuations Statistical compound-nucleus reactions Statistical compound-nucleus reactions Statistical multistep direct reactions Statistical multistep direct reactions Fluctuation phenomena Fluctuation phenomena Chaos in nuclear systems Chaos in nuclear systems Polarization phenomena in reactions Polarization phenomena in reactions General properties of fission General properties of fission Nuclear tests of fundamental interactions and symmetries Nuclear tests of fundamental interactions and symmetries Quarks, gluons, and QCD in nuclear reactions Quarks, gluons, and QCD in nuclear reactions Surrogate reactions Surrogate reactions Other topics in nuclear reactions: general (restricted to new topics in section 24) Other topics in nuclear reactions: general (restricted to new topics in section 24) Nuclear reactions: specific reactions Nuclear reactions: specific reactions Nuclear reactions involving few-nucleon systems Nuclear reactions involving few-nucleon systems Photonuclear reactions Photonuclear reactions Photon absorption and scattering Photon absorption and scattering Photoproduction reactions Photoproduction reactions Lepton-induced reactions Lepton-induced reactions Elastic electron scattering Elastic electron scattering Inelastic electron scattering to specific states Inelastic electron scattering to specific states Inelastic electron scattering to continuum Inelastic electron scattering to continuum Positron-induced reactions Positron-induced reactions Muon-induced reactions (including the EMC effect) Muon-induced reactions (including the EMC effect) Neutrino-induced reactions Neutrino-induced reactions Electroproduction reactions Electroproduction reactions Nucleon-induced reactions (see also 28.20.-v Neutron physics) Nucleon-induced reactions (see also 28.20.-v Neutron physics) Elastic proton scattering Elastic proton scattering Elastic neutron scattering Elastic neutron scattering Inelastic proton scattering Inelastic proton scattering Inelastic neutron scattering Inelastic neutron scattering Transfer reactions Transfer reactions Charge-exchange reactions Charge-exchange reactions Radiative capture Radiative capture Resonance reactions Resonance reactions (<i<p</i<, pi) reactions (<i<p</i<, pi) reactions Spallation reactions Spallation reactions Other reactions above meson production thresholds (energies < 400 MeV) Other reactions above meson production thresholds (energies < 400 MeV) Antiproton-induced reactions Antiproton-induced reactions <sup<2</sup<H-induced reactions <sup<2</sup<H-induced reactions Elastic and inelastic scattering Elastic and inelastic scattering Transfer reactions Transfer reactions Charge-exchange reactions Charge-exchange reactions <sup<3</sup<H-, <sup<3</sup<He-, and <sup<4</sup<He-induced reactions <sup<3</sup<H-, <sup<3</sup<He-, and <sup<4</sup<He-induced reactions Elastic and inelastic scattering Elastic and inelastic scattering Transfer reactions Transfer reactions Charge-exchange reactions Charge-exchange reactions Reactions induced by unstable nuclei Reactions induced by unstable nuclei Elastic scattering Elastic scattering Interaction and reaction cross sections Interaction and reaction cross sections Breakup and momentum distributions Breakup and momentum distributions Transfer reactions Transfer reactions Charge-exchange reactions Charge-exchange reactions Fusion reactions Fusion reactions Radiative capture Radiative capture Low and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions Low and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions Elastic and quasielastic scattering Elastic and quasielastic scattering Coulomb excitation Coulomb excitation Resonances Resonances Compound nucleus Compound nucleus Transfer reactions Transfer reactions Fusion and fusion-fission reactions Fusion and fusion-fission reactions Charge-exchange reactions Charge-exchange reactions Strongly damped collisions Strongly damped collisions Projectile and target fragmentation Projectile and target fragmentation Multifragment emission and correlations Multifragment emission and correlations Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (collisions induced by light ions studied to calibrate relativistic heavy-ion collisions should be classified under both 25.75.-q and sections 13 or 25 appropriate to the light ions) Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (collisions induced by light ions studied to calibrate relativistic heavy-ion collisions should be classified under both 25.75.-q and sections 13 or 25 appropriate to the light ions) Global features in relativistic heavy ion collisions Global features in relativistic heavy ion collisions Hard scattering in relativistic heavy ion collisions Hard scattering in relativistic heavy ion collisions Photon, lepton, and heavy quark production in relativistic heavy ion collisions Photon, lepton, and heavy quark production in relativistic heavy ion collisions Particle and resonance production Particle and resonance production Particle correlations and fluctuations Particle correlations and fluctuations Collective flow Collective flow Quark deconfinement, quark-gluon plasma production, and phase transitions (see also 12.38.Mh Quark-gluon plasma in quantum chromodynamics; 21.65.Qr Quark matter in nuclear matter) Quark deconfinement, quark-gluon plasma production, and phase transitions (see also 12.38.Mh Quark-gluon plasma in quantum chromodynamics; 21.65.Qr Quark matter in nuclear matter) Meson- and hyperon-induced reactions Meson- and hyperon-induced reactions Pion elastic scattering Pion elastic scattering Pion inelastic scattering Pion inelastic scattering Pion charge-exchange reactions Pion charge-exchange reactions Pion-induced reactions Pion-induced reactions Pion inclusive scattering and absorption Pion inclusive scattering and absorption Kaon-induced reactions Kaon-induced reactions Hyperon-induced reactions Hyperon-induced reactions Fission reactions Fission reactions Spontaneous fission Spontaneous fission Neutron-induced fission Neutron-induced fission Charged-particle-induced fission Charged-particle-induced fission Photofission Photofission Other topics in nuclear reactions: specific reactions (restricted to new topics in section 25) Other topics in nuclear reactions: specific reactions (restricted to new topics in section 25) Nuclear astrophysics (see also 95.30.-k Fundamental aspects of astrophysics in astronomy) Nuclear astrophysics (see also 95.30.-k Fundamental aspects of astrophysics in astronomy) Hydrostatic stellar nucleosynthesis (see also 97.10.Cv Stellar structure, interiors, evolution, nucleosynthesis, ages in astronomy) Hydrostatic stellar nucleosynthesis (see also 97.10.Cv Stellar structure, interiors, evolution, nucleosynthesis, ages in astronomy) Stellar hydrogen burning Stellar hydrogen burning Stellar helium burning Stellar helium burning s-process s-process Nucleosynthesis in late stellar evolution Nucleosynthesis in late stellar evolution Quasistatistical processes Quasistatistical processes Nucleosynthesis in novae, supernovae, and other explosive environments Nucleosynthesis in novae, supernovae, and other explosive environments Explosive burning in accreting binary systems (novae, x-ray bursts) Explosive burning in accreting binary systems (novae, x-ray bursts) Explosive burning in supernovae shock fronts Explosive burning in supernovae shock fronts r-process r-process Weak interaction and neutrino induced processes, galactic radioactivity Weak interaction and neutrino induced processes, galactic radioactivity Big Bang nucleosynthesis (see also 98.80.Ft Origin, formation, and abundances of the elements in astronomy) Big Bang nucleosynthesis (see also 98.80.Ft Origin, formation, and abundances of the elements in astronomy) Cosmic ray nucleosynthesis Cosmic ray nucleosynthesis Nuclear physics aspects of novae, supernovae, and other explosive environments Nuclear physics aspects of novae, supernovae, and other explosive environments Nuclear matter aspects of neutron stars Nuclear matter aspects of neutron stars Neutron star core Neutron star core Neutron star crust Neutron star crust Equations of state of neutron-star matter Equations of state of neutron-star matter Solar neutrinos (see also 96.60.Vg Particle emission, solar wind in solar physics) Solar neutrinos (see also 96.60.Vg Particle emission, solar wind in solar physics) Other topics in nuclear astrophysics (restricted to new topics in section 26) Other topics in nuclear astrophysics (restricted to new topics in section 26) Properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges (an additional heading must be chosen with these entries, where the given mass number limits are, to some degree, arbitrary) Properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges (an additional heading must be chosen with these entries, where the given mass number limits are, to some degree, arbitrary) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 5 A (less-than-or-equal-to) 5 6 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 19 6 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 19 20 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 38 20 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 38 39 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 58 39 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 58 59 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 89 59 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 89 90 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 149 90 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 149 150 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 189 150 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 189 190 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 219 190 (less-than-or-equal-to) A (less-than-or-equal-to) 219 A (greater-than-or-equal-to) 220 A (greater-than-or-equal-to) 220 Nuclear engineering and nuclear power studies Nuclear engineering and nuclear power studies Neutron physics (see also 25.40.-h Nucleon-induced reactions and 25.85.Ec Neutron-induced fission) Neutron physics (see also 25.40.-h Nucleon-induced reactions and 25.85.Ec Neutron-induced fission) Neutron scattering Neutron scattering Neutron absorption Neutron absorption Neutron transport: diffusion and moderation Neutron transport: diffusion and moderation Thermal neutron cross sections Thermal neutron cross sections Neutron capture gamma-rays Neutron capture gamma-rays Fission reactors (see also 89.30.Gg nuclear fission power in energy resources) Fission reactors (see also 89.30.Gg nuclear fission power in energy resources) Theory, design, and computerized simulation Theory, design, and computerized simulation Fuel elements, preparation, reloading, and reprocessing Fuel elements, preparation, reloading, and reprocessing Reactor coolants, reactor cooling, and heat recovery Reactor coolants, reactor cooling, and heat recovery Radioactive wastes, waste disposal Radioactive wastes, waste disposal Reactor control systems Reactor control systems Moderators Moderators Structural and shielding materials Structural and shielding materials Instrumentation Instrumentation Protection systems, safety, radiation monitoring, accidents, and dismantling Protection systems, safety, radiation monitoring, accidents, and dismantling Fuel cycles Fuel cycles Fission reactor types Fission reactor types Research reactors Research reactors Fast and breeder reactors Fast and breeder reactors Power and production reactors Power and production reactors Propulsion reactors Propulsion reactors Auxiliary generators Auxiliary generators Fusion reactors (see also 52.55.-s Magnetic confinement and equilibrium, 52.57.-z Laser inertial confinement, and 52.58.-c Other confinement methods in physics of plasmas; 89.30.Jj Nuclear fusion power in energy resources) Fusion reactors (see also 52.55.-s Magnetic confinement and equilibrium, 52.57.-z Laser inertial confinement, and 52.58.-c Other confinement methods in physics of plasmas; 89.30.Jj Nuclear fusion power in energy resources) Theory, design, and computerized simulation Theory, design, and computerized simulation Fueling, heating and ignition Fueling, heating and ignition Materials Materials Components and instrumentation Components and instrumentation Safety (see also 87.55.N- Radiation monitoring, control, and safety in biological and medical physics) Safety (see also 87.55.N- Radiation monitoring, control, and safety in biological and medical physics) Isotope separation and enrichment Isotope separation and enrichment Accelerator-driven transmutation of nuclear waste Accelerator-driven transmutation of nuclear waste Nuclear explosions (see also 47.40.-x Compressible flows; shock waves; for radiation protection from fallout, for dosimetry and exposure assessment, see 87.53.Bn; for nuclear explosion seismology, see 91.30.Rz) Nuclear explosions (see also 47.40.-x Compressible flows; shock waves; for radiation protection from fallout, for dosimetry and exposure assessment, see 87.53.Bn; for nuclear explosion seismology, see 91.30.Rz) Other topics in nuclear engineering and nuclear power studies (restricted to new topics in section 28) Other topics in nuclear engineering and nuclear power studies (restricted to new topics in section 28) Experimental methods and instrumentation for elementary-particle and nuclear physics Experimental methods and instrumentation for elementary-particle and nuclear physics Accelerators (for accelerators used in medical applications, see 87.56.bd) Accelerators (for accelerators used in medical applications, see 87.56.bd) Electrostatic accelerators Electrostatic accelerators Cyclic accelerators and storage rings Cyclic accelerators and storage rings Storage rings and colliders Storage rings and colliders Betatrons Betatrons Cyclotrons Cyclotrons Synchrotrons Synchrotrons Linear accelerators Linear accelerators Particle sources and targets (see also 52.59.-f Intense particle beams and radiation sources in physics of plasmas; 87.56.bg Radioactive sources in medical physics) Particle sources and targets (see also 52.59.-f Intense particle beams and radiation sources in physics of plasmas; 87.56.bg Radioactive sources in medical physics) Electron sources Electron sources Neutron sources Neutron sources Ion sources: polarized Ion sources: polarized Ion sources: positive and negative Ion sources: positive and negative Polarized and other targets Polarized and other targets Sources of radioactive nuclei Sources of radioactive nuclei Beams in particle accelerators (for low energy charged-particle beams, see 41.75.-i and 41.85.-p) Beams in particle accelerators (for low energy charged-particle beams, see 41.75.-i and 41.85.-p) Beam injection and extraction Beam injection and extraction Beam dynamics; collective effects and instabilities Beam dynamics; collective effects and instabilities Beam handling; beam transport Beam handling; beam transport Beam characteristics Beam characteristics Polarized beams Polarized beams Spectrometers and spectroscopic techniques Spectrometers and spectroscopic techniques Charged-particle spectrometers: electric and magnetic Charged-particle spectrometers: electric and magnetic Electron spectroscopy Electron spectroscopy Charged-particle spectroscopy Charged-particle spectroscopy Neutron spectroscopy Neutron spectroscopy X- and gamma-ray spectroscopy X- and gamma-ray spectroscopy Nuclear orientation devices Nuclear orientation devices Radioactive beams Radioactive beams Fast radioactive beam techniques Fast radioactive beam techniques Reaccelerated radioactive beams Reaccelerated radioactive beams Radiation detectors (for mass spectrometers, see 07.75.+h; see also 95.55.Vj Neutrino, muon, pion, and other particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors in astronomy) Radiation detectors (for mass spectrometers, see 07.75.+h; see also 95.55.Vj Neutrino, muon, pion, and other particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors in astronomy) Gas-filled counters: ionization chambers, proportional, and avalanche counters Gas-filled counters: ionization chambers, proportional, and avalanche counters Tracking and position-sensitive detectors Tracking and position-sensitive detectors Cherenkov detectors Cherenkov detectors Scintillation detectors Scintillation detectors Nuclear emulsions Nuclear emulsions Calorimeters Calorimeters Solid-state detectors Solid-state detectors Computer interfaces Computer interfaces Computer data analysis Computer data analysis Data acquisition and sorting Data acquisition and sorting Data analysis Data analysis Nuclear data compilation Nuclear data compilation Other topics in elementary-particle and nuclear physics experimental methods and instrumentation (restricted to new topics in section 29) Other topics in elementary-particle and nuclear physics experimental methods and instrumentation (restricted to new topics in section 29) ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS Electronic structure of atoms and molecules: theory Electronic structure of atoms and molecules: theory Theory of electronic structure, electronic transitions, and chemical binding (for theory and mathematical methods applied to electronic structure of biomolecules, see 87.10.-e) Theory of electronic structure, electronic transitions, and chemical binding (for theory and mathematical methods applied to electronic structure of biomolecules, see 87.10.-e) Calculations and mathematical techniques in atomic and molecular physics (see also 02.70.-c Computational techniques, in mathematical methods in physics) Calculations and mathematical techniques in atomic and molecular physics (see also 02.70.-c Computational techniques, in mathematical methods in physics) <i<Ab initio</i< calculations <i<Ab initio</i< calculations High-precision calculations for few-electron (or few-body) atomic systems High-precision calculations for few-electron (or few-body) atomic systems Electronic structure and bonding characteristics Electronic structure and bonding characteristics Excitation energies and lifetimes; oscillator strengths Excitation energies and lifetimes; oscillator strengths Relativistic corrections, spin-orbit effects, fine structure; hyperfine structure Relativistic corrections, spin-orbit effects, fine structure; hyperfine structure Relativistic configuration interaction (CI) and many-body perturbation calculations Relativistic configuration interaction (CI) and many-body perturbation calculations Polarizabilities and other atomic and molecular properties Polarizabilities and other atomic and molecular properties Strongly correlated electron systems: generalized tight-binding method Strongly correlated electron systems: generalized tight-binding method Molecule transport characteristics; molecular dynamics; electronic structure of polymers Molecule transport characteristics; molecular dynamics; electronic structure of polymers Approximate calculations Approximate calculations Statistical model calculations (including Thomas-Fermi and Thomas-Fermi-Dirac models) Statistical model calculations (including Thomas-Fermi and Thomas-Fermi-Dirac models) Semi-empirical and empirical calculations (differential overlap, Huckel, PPP methods, etc.) Semi-empirical and empirical calculations (differential overlap, Huckel, PPP methods, etc.) Coupled-cluster theory Coupled-cluster theory Density-functional theory Density-functional theory Hohenberg-Kohn theorem and formal mathematical properties, completeness theorems Hohenberg-Kohn theorem and formal mathematical properties, completeness theorems Time-dependent density functional theory Time-dependent density functional theory Exchange-correlation functionals (in current density functional theory) Exchange-correlation functionals (in current density functional theory) Spin-density functionals Spin-density functionals Corrections for core-spin polarization, surface effects, etc. Corrections for core-spin polarization, surface effects, etc. Variational particle-number approach Variational particle-number approach Applications of density-functional theory (e.g., to electronic structure and stability; defect formation; dielectric properties, susceptibilities; viscoelastic coefficients; Rydberg transition frequencies) Applications of density-functional theory (e.g., to electronic structure and stability; defect formation; dielectric properties, susceptibilities; viscoelastic coefficients; Rydberg transition frequencies) Electron correlation calculations for atoms, ions and molecules Electron correlation calculations for atoms, ions and molecules Electron correlation calculations for atoms and ions: ground state Electron correlation calculations for atoms and ions: ground state Electron correlation calculations for atoms and ions: excited states Electron correlation calculations for atoms and ions: excited states Electron correlation calculations for diatomic molecules Electron correlation calculations for diatomic molecules Electron correlation calculations for polyatomic molecules Electron correlation calculations for polyatomic molecules Alternative approaches Alternative approaches Finite-difference schemes Finite-difference schemes Semiclassical methods Semiclassical methods Group-theoretical methods (see also 02.20.-a Group theory in mathematical methods in physics) Group-theoretical methods (see also 02.20.-a Group theory in mathematical methods in physics) Hyperspherical methods Hyperspherical methods Path-integral methods Path-integral methods Quasiparticle methods Quasiparticle methods Perturbation theory Perturbation theory Self-consistent-field methods Self-consistent-field methods Variational techniques Variational techniques Molecular dynamics and other numerical methods (for simulation techniques for biomolecules, see 87.15.ak, ap) Molecular dynamics and other numerical methods (for simulation techniques for biomolecules, see 87.15.ak, ap) Valence bond calculations Valence bond calculations Corrections to electronic structure (see also 03.30.+p Special relativity; for exotic atoms and molecules, see 36.10.-k; for applications of density-functional theory, see 31.15.es) Corrections to electronic structure (see also 03.30.+p Special relativity; for exotic atoms and molecules, see 36.10.-k; for applications of density-functional theory, see 31.15.es) Hyperfine interactions and isotope effects (see also 32.10.Fn Fine and hyperfine structure) Hyperfine interactions and isotope effects (see also 32.10.Fn Fine and hyperfine structure) Relativistic and quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions Relativistic and quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions Relativistic corrections to atomic structure and properties Relativistic corrections to atomic structure and properties Relativistic corrections due to negative-energy states or processes Relativistic corrections due to negative-energy states or processes QED calculations of level energies, transition frequencies, fine structure intervals (radiative corrections, self-energy, vacuum polarization, etc.) QED calculations of level energies, transition frequencies, fine structure intervals (radiative corrections, self-energy, vacuum polarization, etc.) QED corrections to parity nonconserving transition amplitudes and CP violations QED corrections to parity nonconserving transition amplitudes and CP violations QED corrections to long-range and weak interactions QED corrections to long-range and weak interactions QED corrections to electric dipole moments and other atomic properties QED corrections to electric dipole moments and other atomic properties Electron electric dipole moment Electron electric dipole moment QED corrections (Lamb shift) in muonic hydrogen and deuterium (see also 36.10.Ee Muonium, muonic atoms and molecules) QED corrections (Lamb shift) in muonic hydrogen and deuterium (see also 36.10.Ee Muonium, muonic atoms and molecules) Corrections to bound-electron g factor Corrections to bound-electron g factor Nonrelativistic limits of Dirac-Fock calculations Nonrelativistic limits of Dirac-Fock calculations Higher-order effective Hamiltonians Higher-order effective Hamiltonians Decay rates of hydrogen-antihydrogen quasimolecules (for exotic atoms and molecules, see 36.10.-k) Decay rates of hydrogen-antihydrogen quasimolecules (for exotic atoms and molecules, see 36.10.-k) Potential energy surfaces (for potential energy surfaces for chemical reactions, see 82.20.Kh; for collisions, see 34.20.-b) Potential energy surfaces (for potential energy surfaces for chemical reactions, see 82.20.Kh; for collisions, see 34.20.-b) Potential energy surfaces for ground electronic states Potential energy surfaces for ground electronic states Potential energy surfaces for excited electronic states Potential energy surfaces for excited electronic states Surface crossings, non-adiabatic couplings Surface crossings, non-adiabatic couplings Effects of atomic and molecular interactions on electronic structure (see also section 34 Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions) Effects of atomic and molecular interactions on electronic structure (see also section 34 Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions) Environmental and solvent effects Environmental and solvent effects Time-dependent phenomena: excitation and relaxation processes, and reaction rates (for chemical kinetics aspects, see 82.20.Rp) Time-dependent phenomena: excitation and relaxation processes, and reaction rates (for chemical kinetics aspects, see 82.20.Rp) Molecular solids Molecular solids Other topics in the theory of the electronic structure of atoms and molecules (restricted to new topics in section 31) Other topics in the theory of the electronic structure of atoms and molecules (restricted to new topics in section 31) Atomic properties and interactions with photons (for quantum chaos, see 05.45.Mt; for standards of calibration, see 06.20.fb; for relativistic and quantum electrodynamic effects, see 31.30.J-) Atomic properties and interactions with photons (for quantum chaos, see 05.45.Mt; for standards of calibration, see 06.20.fb; for relativistic and quantum electrodynamic effects, see 31.30.J-) Properties of atoms (for astrophysical applications, see 95.30.Ky) Properties of atoms (for astrophysical applications, see 95.30.Ky) Atomic masses, mass spectra, abundances, and isotopes (for mass spectroscopy, see 07.75.+h in instruments, and 82.80.Ms, Nj, Rt in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Atomic masses, mass spectra, abundances, and isotopes (for mass spectroscopy, see 07.75.+h in instruments, and 82.80.Ms, Nj, Rt in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Electric and magnetic moments, polarizabilities Electric and magnetic moments, polarizabilities Magnetic bound states, magnetic trapping of Rydberg states Magnetic bound states, magnetic trapping of Rydberg states Fine and hyperfine structure (see also 31.30.Gs Hyperfine interactions and isotope effects) Fine and hyperfine structure (see also 31.30.Gs Hyperfine interactions and isotope effects) Ionization potentials, electron affinities Ionization potentials, electron affinities Atomic spectra (see also 78.47.J- Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy in condensed matter and 82.53.Kp Coherent spectroscopy of atoms and molecules in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Atomic spectra (see also 78.47.J- Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy in condensed matter and 82.53.Kp Coherent spectroscopy of atoms and molecules in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Radio-frequency, microwave, and infrared spectra Radio-frequency, microwave, and infrared spectra Magnetic resonance spectra Magnetic resonance spectra Visible and ultraviolet spectra Visible and ultraviolet spectra X-ray spectra X-ray spectra Fluorescence, phosphorescence (including quenching) Fluorescence, phosphorescence (including quenching) Zeeman and Stark effects Zeeman and Stark effects Intensities and shapes of atomic spectral lines (see also 31.15.-p Calculations and mathematical techniques) Intensities and shapes of atomic spectral lines (see also 31.15.-p Calculations and mathematical techniques) Oscillator strengths, lifetimes, transition moments Oscillator strengths, lifetimes, transition moments Absolute and relative intensities Absolute and relative intensities Line shapes, widths, and shifts Line shapes, widths, and shifts Photoionization and excitation Photoionization and excitation Inner-shell excitation and ionization Inner-shell excitation and ionization Rydberg states Rydberg states Photoionization of atoms and ions (for fluorescence yield, see 32.50.+d) Photoionization of atoms and ions (for fluorescence yield, see 32.50.+d) Photodetachment of atomic negative ions Photodetachment of atomic negative ions Auger effect (including Coster-Kronig transitions) Auger effect (including Coster-Kronig transitions) Coherent control of atomic interactions with photons Coherent control of atomic interactions with photons Multiphoton ionization and excitation to highly excited states Multiphoton ionization and excitation to highly excited states Other multiphoton processes Other multiphoton processes Level crossing and optical pumping Level crossing and optical pumping Autoionization Autoionization Other topics in atomic properties and interactions of atoms with photons (restricted to new topics in section 32) Other topics in atomic properties and interactions of atoms with photons (restricted to new topics in section 32) Molecular properties and interactions with photons Molecular properties and interactions with photons Properties of molecules (see also section 31, Electronic structure of atoms and molecules: theory; for molecules of interest in astrophysics, see 95.30.Ky; for structure and properties of biomolecules, see 87.15.-v) Properties of molecules (see also section 31, Electronic structure of atoms and molecules: theory; for molecules of interest in astrophysics, see 95.30.Ky; for structure and properties of biomolecules, see 87.15.-v) General molecular conformation and symmetry; stereochemistry General molecular conformation and symmetry; stereochemistry Interatomic distances and angles Interatomic distances and angles Bond strengths, dissociation energies Bond strengths, dissociation energies Barrier heights (internal rotation, inversion, rotational isomerism, conformational dynamics) Barrier heights (internal rotation, inversion, rotational isomerism, conformational dynamics) Electric and magnetic moments (and derivatives), polarizability, and magnetic susceptibility Electric and magnetic moments (and derivatives), polarizability, and magnetic susceptibility Rotation, vibration, and vibration-rotation constants Rotation, vibration, and vibration-rotation constants Fine and hyperfine structure Fine and hyperfine structure Ionization potentials, electron affinities, molecular core binding energy Ionization potentials, electron affinities, molecular core binding energy Mass spectra Mass spectra Correlation times in molecular dynamics Correlation times in molecular dynamics Molecular spectra (see also 78.47.J- Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy in condensed matter and 82.53.Kp Coherent spectroscopy of atoms and molecules; for chemical analytical methods using spectroscopy, see 82.80.Dx, Gk, Ha in physical chemistry; 87.64.-t Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in biological physics; for spectra of macromolecules and polymer molecules, see 36.20.Kd) Molecular spectra (see also 78.47.J- Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy in condensed matter and 82.53.Kp Coherent spectroscopy of atoms and molecules; for chemical analytical methods using spectroscopy, see 82.80.Dx, Gk, Ha in physical chemistry; 87.64.-t Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in biological physics; for spectra of macromolecules and polymer molecules, see 36.20.Kd) Radio-frequency and microwave spectra Radio-frequency and microwave spectra Infrared spectra Infrared spectra Raman and Rayleigh spectra (including optical scattering) Raman and Rayleigh spectra (including optical scattering) Visible spectra Visible spectra Ultraviolet spectra Ultraviolet spectra Vacuum ultraviolet spectra Vacuum ultraviolet spectra X-ray spectra X-ray spectra Rotational analysis Rotational analysis Vibrational analysis Vibrational analysis Vibration-rotation analysis Vibration-rotation analysis Vibronic, rovibronic, and rotation-electron-spin interactions Vibronic, rovibronic, and rotation-electron-spin interactions Spectra induced by strong-field or attosecond laser irradiation (see also 33.60.+q Photoelectron spectra) Spectra induced by strong-field or attosecond laser irradiation (see also 33.60.+q Photoelectron spectra) Nuclear resonance and relaxation (see also 76.60.-k Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation in condensed matter; 82.56.-b Nuclear magnetic resonance in physical chemistry and chemical physics; 87.80.Lg Magnetic and paramagnetic resonance in biological physics) Nuclear resonance and relaxation (see also 76.60.-k Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation in condensed matter; 82.56.-b Nuclear magnetic resonance in physical chemistry and chemical physics; 87.80.Lg Magnetic and paramagnetic resonance in biological physics) Electron resonance and relaxation (see also 76.30.-v Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation in condensed matter) Electron resonance and relaxation (see also 76.30.-v Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation in condensed matter) Multiple resonances (including double and higher-order resonance processes, such as double nuclear magnetic resonance, electron double resonance, and microwave optical double resonance) (see also 76.70.-r Magnetic double resonances and cross effects in condensed matter) Multiple resonances (including double and higher-order resonance processes, such as double nuclear magnetic resonance, electron double resonance, and microwave optical double resonance) (see also 76.70.-r Magnetic double resonances and cross effects in condensed matter) Mossbauer spectra (see also 76.80.+y Mossbauer effect; other gamma-ray spectroscopy in condensed matter; for biophysical applications, see 87.64.Kx; for chemical analysis applications, see 82.80.Ej) Mossbauer spectra (see also 76.80.+y Mossbauer effect; other gamma-ray spectroscopy in condensed matter; for biophysical applications, see 87.64.Kx; for chemical analysis applications, see 82.80.Ej) Fluorescence and phosphorescence; radiationless transitions, quenching (intersystem crossing, internal conversion) (for energy transfer, see also section 34; for biophysical applications, see 87.64.kv) Fluorescence and phosphorescence; radiationless transitions, quenching (intersystem crossing, internal conversion) (for energy transfer, see also section 34; for biophysical applications, see 87.64.kv) Fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra Fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra Radiationless transitions, quenching Radiationless transitions, quenching Optical activity and dichroism Optical activity and dichroism Magnetooptical and electrooptical spectra and effects Magnetooptical and electrooptical spectra and effects Photoelectron spectra (for biophysical applications, see 87.64.ks) Photoelectron spectra (for biophysical applications, see 87.64.ks) Intensities and shapes of molecular spectral lines and bands Intensities and shapes of molecular spectral lines and bands Oscillator and band strengths, lifetimes, transition moments, and Franck-Condon factors Oscillator and band strengths, lifetimes, transition moments, and Franck-Condon factors Absolute and relative line and band intensities Absolute and relative line and band intensities Line and band widths, shapes, and shifts Line and band widths, shapes, and shifts Photon interactions with molecules (see also 42.50.-p Quantum optics) Photon interactions with molecules (see also 42.50.-p Quantum optics) Level crossing and optical pumping Level crossing and optical pumping Autoionization, photoionization, and photodetachment Autoionization, photoionization, and photodetachment Diffuse spectra; predissociation, photodissociation Diffuse spectra; predissociation, photodissociation Multiphoton ionization and excitation to highly excited states (e.g., Rydberg states) Multiphoton ionization and excitation to highly excited states (e.g., Rydberg states) Other multiphoton processes Other multiphoton processes Other topics in molecular properties and interactions with photons (restricted to new topics in section 33) Other topics in molecular properties and interactions with photons (restricted to new topics in section 33) Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions (for atomic, molecular, and ionic collisions in plasma, see 52.20.Hv; for atoms and molecules of astrophysical interest, see 95.30.Dr, Ft; see also 98.38.Bn and 98.58.Bz in interstellar media in astronomy; 87.15.K- Molecular interactions, membrane-protein interactions in biological physics) Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions (for atomic, molecular, and ionic collisions in plasma, see 52.20.Hv; for atoms and molecules of astrophysical interest, see 95.30.Dr, Ft; see also 98.38.Bn and 98.58.Bz in interstellar media in astronomy; 87.15.K- Molecular interactions, membrane-protein interactions in biological physics) General theories and models of atomic and molecular collisions and interactions (including statistical theories, transition state, stochastic and trajectory models, etc.) General theories and models of atomic and molecular collisions and interactions (including statistical theories, transition state, stochastic and trajectory models, etc.) Interatomic and intermolecular potentials and forces, potential energy surfaces for collisions (see also 82.20.Kh Potential energy surfaces for reactions; for potential energy surfaces in electronic structure calculations, see 31.50.-x) Interatomic and intermolecular potentials and forces, potential energy surfaces for collisions (see also 82.20.Kh Potential energy surfaces for reactions; for potential energy surfaces in electronic structure calculations, see 31.50.-x) Interatomic potentials and forces Interatomic potentials and forces Intermolecular and atom-molecule potentials and forces Intermolecular and atom-molecule potentials and forces Interactions of atoms and molecules with surfaces Interactions of atoms and molecules with surfaces Scattering of atoms and molecules Scattering of atoms and molecules Energy loss and stopping power Energy loss and stopping power Elastic; ultracold collisions Elastic; ultracold collisions Rotational and vibrational energy transfer Rotational and vibrational energy transfer Electronic excitation and ionization of atoms (including beam-foil excitation and ionization) Electronic excitation and ionization of atoms (including beam-foil excitation and ionization) Electronic excitation and ionization of molecules Electronic excitation and ionization of molecules Chemical reactions Chemical reactions Laser-modified scattering and reactions Laser-modified scattering and reactions Charge transfer (for charge transfer in biological systems, see 82.39.Jn in physical chemistry) Charge transfer (for charge transfer in biological systems, see 82.39.Jn in physical chemistry) Electron and positron scattering Electron and positron scattering Elastic scattering Elastic scattering Atomic excitation and ionization Atomic excitation and ionization Molecular excitation and ionization Molecular excitation and ionization Dissociation and dissociative attachment Dissociation and dissociative attachment Recombination, attachment, and positronium formation Recombination, attachment, and positronium formation Spin dependence of cross sections; polarized beam experiments Spin dependence of cross sections; polarized beam experiments Coherence and correlation Coherence and correlation Laser-modified scattering Laser-modified scattering Positron scattering Positron scattering Other topics in atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions (restricted to new topics in section 34) Other topics in atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions (restricted to new topics in section 34) Exotic atoms and molecules; macromolecules; clusters Exotic atoms and molecules; macromolecules; clusters Exotic atoms and molecules (containing mesons, antiprotons and other unusual particles) Exotic atoms and molecules (containing mesons, antiprotons and other unusual particles) Positronium (see also 82.30.Gg Positronium chemistry) Positronium (see also 82.30.Gg Positronium chemistry) Muonium, muonic atoms and molecules [see also 31.30.jr QED corrections (Lamb shift) in muonic hydrogen and deuterium] Muonium, muonic atoms and molecules [see also 31.30.jr QED corrections (Lamb shift) in muonic hydrogen and deuterium] Mesonic, hyperonic and antiprotonic atoms and molecules Mesonic, hyperonic and antiprotonic atoms and molecules Macromolecules and polymer molecules Macromolecules and polymer molecules Molecular weights, dispersity Molecular weights, dispersity Conformation (statistics and dynamics) Conformation (statistics and dynamics) Constitution (chains and sequences) Constitution (chains and sequences) Configuration (bonds, dimensions) Configuration (bonds, dimensions) Electronic structure and spectra Electronic structure and spectra Vibrational and rotational structure, infrared and Raman spectra Vibrational and rotational structure, infrared and Raman spectra Atomic and molecular clusters (see also 61.46.-w Nanoscale materials in condensed matter) Atomic and molecular clusters (see also 61.46.-w Nanoscale materials in condensed matter) Electronic and magnetic properties of clusters Electronic and magnetic properties of clusters Phase transitions in clusters Phase transitions in clusters Plasma and collective effects in clusters Plasma and collective effects in clusters Reactivity of clusters Reactivity of clusters Spectroscopy and geometrical structure of clusters Spectroscopy and geometrical structure of clusters Stability and fragmentation of clusters Stability and fragmentation of clusters Diffusion and dynamics of clusters Diffusion and dynamics of clusters Optical properties of clusters Optical properties of clusters Charged clusters Charged clusters Other topics in exotic atoms and molecules; macromolecules; clusters (restricted to new topics in section 36) Other topics in exotic atoms and molecules; macromolecules; clusters (restricted to new topics in section 36) Mechanical control of atoms, molecules, and ions (see also 82.37.Gk STM and AFM manipulations of a single molecule in physical chemistry and chemical physics; for atom manipulation in nanofabrication and processing, see 81.16.Ta; see also 03.75.-b Matter waves) Mechanical control of atoms, molecules, and ions (see also 82.37.Gk STM and AFM manipulations of a single molecule in physical chemistry and chemical physics; for atom manipulation in nanofabrication and processing, see 81.16.Ta; see also 03.75.-b Matter waves) Atom, molecule, and ion cooling methods (see also 87.80.Cc Optical trapping in biophysical techniques) Atom, molecule, and ion cooling methods (see also 87.80.Cc Optical trapping in biophysical techniques) Atom cooling methods Atom cooling methods Atom traps and guides Atom traps and guides Atoms in optical lattices Atoms in optical lattices Slowing and cooling of molecules Slowing and cooling of molecules Trapping of molecules Trapping of molecules Ion cooling Ion cooling Ion trapping Ion trapping Mechanical effects of light on atoms, molecules, and ions Mechanical effects of light on atoms, molecules, and ions Atomic and molecular beam sources and techniques Atomic and molecular beam sources and techniques Atom interferometry techniques (see also 03.75.Dg Atom and neutron interferometry in matter waves) Atom interferometry techniques (see also 03.75.Dg Atom and neutron interferometry in matter waves) Atoms, molecules, and ions in cavities (see also 42.50.Pq Cavity quantum electrodynamics; micromasers) Atoms, molecules, and ions in cavities (see also 42.50.Pq Cavity quantum electrodynamics; micromasers) Other topics in mechanical control of atoms, molecules, and ions (restricted to new topics in section 37) Other topics in mechanical control of atoms, molecules, and ions (restricted to new topics in section 37) ELECTROMAGNETISM, OPTICS, ACOUSTICS, HEAT TRANSFER, CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AND FLUID DYNAMICS ELECTROMAGNETISM, OPTICS, ACOUSTICS, HEAT TRANSFER, CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AND FLUID DYNAMICS Electromagnetism; electron and ion optics Electromagnetism; electron and ion optics Applied classical electromagnetism (for submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave instruments and equipment, see 07.57.-c) Applied classical electromagnetism (for submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave instruments and equipment, see 07.57.-c) Electrostatics; Poisson and Laplace equations, boundary-value problems Electrostatics; Poisson and Laplace equations, boundary-value problems Magnetostatics; magnetic shielding, magnetic induction, boundary-value problems Magnetostatics; magnetic shielding, magnetic induction, boundary-value problems Electromagnetic wave propagation; radiowave propagation (for light propagation, see 42.25.Bs; for electromagnetic waves in plasma, see 52.35.Hr; for atmospheric, ionospheric, and magnetospheric propagation, see 92.60.Ta, 94.20.Bb, and 94.30.Tz, respectively; see also 94.05.Pt Wave/wave, wave/particle interactions, in space plasma physics) Electromagnetic wave propagation; radiowave propagation (for light propagation, see 42.25.Bs; for electromagnetic waves in plasma, see 52.35.Hr; for atmospheric, ionospheric, and magnetospheric propagation, see 92.60.Ta, 94.20.Bb, and 94.30.Tz, respectively; see also 94.05.Pt Wave/wave, wave/particle interactions, in space plasma physics) X-ray beam source magnets and x-ray optics for control of particle beams (see also 07.85.Fv X- and gamma-ray sources, mirrors, gratings, and detectors in instruments) X-ray beam source magnets and x-ray optics for control of particle beams (see also 07.85.Fv X- and gamma-ray sources, mirrors, gratings, and detectors in instruments) Radiation by moving charges Radiation by moving charges Synchrotron radiation (for synchrotron radiation instrumentation, see 07.85.Qe) Synchrotron radiation (for synchrotron radiation instrumentation, see 07.85.Qe) Cherenkov radiation Cherenkov radiation Free-electron lasers (see also 52.59.Rz Free-electron devices-in plasma physics) Free-electron lasers (see also 52.59.Rz Free-electron devices-in plasma physics) Transition radiation Transition radiation Charged-particle beams Charged-particle beams Positive-ion beams Positive-ion beams Negative-ion beams Negative-ion beams Electron and positron beams Electron and positron beams Relativistic electron and positron beams Relativistic electron and positron beams Laser-driven acceleration (see also 52.38.-r Laser-plasma interactions in plasma physics) Laser-driven acceleration (see also 52.38.-r Laser-plasma interactions in plasma physics) Other advanced accelerator concepts Other advanced accelerator concepts Beam optics (see also 07.77.Ka Charged-particle beam sources and detectors in instruments; 29.27.-a Beams in particle accelerators) Beam optics (see also 07.77.Ka Charged-particle beam sources and detectors in instruments; 29.27.-a Beams in particle accelerators) Particle beam extraction, beam injection Particle beam extraction, beam injection Particle beam shaping, beam splitting Particle beam shaping, beam splitting Particle beam profile, beam intensity Particle beam profile, beam intensity Chromatic and geometrical aberrations Chromatic and geometrical aberrations Particle beam transport Particle beam transport Particle beam focusing and bending magnets, wiggler magnets, and quadrupoles (see also 07.55.Db Generation of magnetic fields; magnets in instruments; for superconducting magnets, see 84.71.Ba) Particle beam focusing and bending magnets, wiggler magnets, and quadrupoles (see also 07.55.Db Generation of magnetic fields; magnets in instruments; for superconducting magnets, see 84.71.Ba) Electrostatic lenses, septa Electrostatic lenses, septa Particle beam analyzers, beam monitors, and Faraday cups Particle beam analyzers, beam monitors, and Faraday cups Particle beam collimators, monochromators Particle beam collimators, monochromators Other topics in electromagnetism; electron and ion optics (restricted to new topics in section 41) Other topics in electromagnetism; electron and ion optics (restricted to new topics in section 41) Optics (for optical properties of gases, see 51.70.+f; for optical properties of bulk materials and thin films, see 78.20.-e; for x-ray optics, see 41.50.+h) Optics (for optical properties of gases, see 51.70.+f; for optical properties of bulk materials and thin films, see 78.20.-e; for x-ray optics, see 41.50.+h) Geometrical optics Geometrical optics Wave fronts and ray tracing Wave fronts and ray tracing Optical system design Optical system design Aberrations Aberrations Wave optics Wave optics Wave propagation, transmission and absorption [see also 41.20.Jb-in electromagnetism; for propagation in atmosphere, see 42.68.Ay; see also 52.40.Db Electromagnetic (nonlaser) radiation interactions with plasma and 52.38-r Laser-plasma interactions-in plasma physics] Wave propagation, transmission and absorption [see also 41.20.Jb-in electromagnetism; for propagation in atmosphere, see 42.68.Ay; see also 52.40.Db Electromagnetic (nonlaser) radiation interactions with plasma and 52.38-r Laser-plasma interactions-in plasma physics] Wave propagation in random media Wave propagation in random media Diffraction and scattering Diffraction and scattering Edge and boundary effects; reflection and refraction Edge and boundary effects; reflection and refraction Interference Interference Polarization Polarization Coherence Coherence Birefringence Birefringence Imaging and optical processing Imaging and optical processing Fourier optics Fourier optics Modulation and optical transfer functions Modulation and optical transfer functions Speckle and moire patterns Speckle and moire patterns Phase retrieval Phase retrieval Pattern recognition Pattern recognition Computer vision; robotic vision Computer vision; robotic vision Image forming and processing Image forming and processing Image reconstruction; tomography Image reconstruction; tomography Holography Holography Holographic optical elements; holographic gratings Holographic optical elements; holographic gratings Hologram recording and readout methods (see also 42.70.Ln Holographic recording materials; optical storage media) Hologram recording and readout methods (see also 42.70.Ln Holographic recording materials; optical storage media) Computer-generated holograms Computer-generated holograms Holographic interferometry; other holographic techniques (for interferometers, see 07.60.Ly in instruments) Holographic interferometry; other holographic techniques (for interferometers, see 07.60.Ly in instruments) Diffraction efficiency, resolution, and other hologram characteristics Diffraction efficiency, resolution, and other hologram characteristics Applications Applications Volume holograms Volume holograms Quantum optics (for lasers, see 42.55.-f and 42.60.-v; see also 42.65.-k Nonlinear optics; 03.65.-w Quantum mechanics) Quantum optics (for lasers, see 42.55.-f and 42.60.-v; see also 42.65.-k Nonlinear optics; 03.65.-w Quantum mechanics) Photon statistics and coherence theory Photon statistics and coherence theory Quantum description of interaction of light and matter; related experiments Quantum description of interaction of light and matter; related experiments Quantum state engineering and measurements (see also 03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality, e.g., EPR paradox, Bells inequalities, GHZ states, etc.) Quantum state engineering and measurements (see also 03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality, e.g., EPR paradox, Bells inequalities, GHZ states, etc.) Optical implementations of quantum information processing and transfer Optical implementations of quantum information processing and transfer Effects of atomic coherence on propagation, absorption, and amplification of light; electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption Effects of atomic coherence on propagation, absorption, and amplification of light; electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption Strong-field excitation of optical transitions in quantum systems; multiphoton processes; dynamic Stark shift (for multiphoton ionization and excitation of atoms and molecules, see 32.80.Rm, and 33.80.Rv, respectively) Strong-field excitation of optical transitions in quantum systems; multiphoton processes; dynamic Stark shift (for multiphoton ionization and excitation of atoms and molecules, see 32.80.Rm, and 33.80.Rv, respectively) Quantum fluctuations, quantum noise, and quantum jumps Quantum fluctuations, quantum noise, and quantum jumps Optical transient phenomena: quantum beats, photon echo, free-induction decay, dephasings and revivals, optical nutation, and self-induced transparency Optical transient phenomena: quantum beats, photon echo, free-induction decay, dephasings and revivals, optical nutation, and self-induced transparency Quantum optical phenomena in absorbing, amplifying, dispersive and conducting media; cooperative phenomena in quantum optical systems Quantum optical phenomena in absorbing, amplifying, dispersive and conducting media; cooperative phenomena in quantum optical systems Cavity quantum electrodynamics; micromasers Cavity quantum electrodynamics; micromasers Nonclassical interferometry, subwavelength lithography Nonclassical interferometry, subwavelength lithography Optical angular momentum and its quantum aspects (see also 42.25.Ja Polarization) Optical angular momentum and its quantum aspects (see also 42.25.Ja Polarization) Mechanical effects of light on material media, microstructures and particles (see also 87.80.Cc Optical trapping in biology and medicine) Mechanical effects of light on material media, microstructures and particles (see also 87.80.Cc Optical trapping in biology and medicine) Optical tests of quantum theory Optical tests of quantum theory Lasers Lasers General laser theory General laser theory Chemical lasers (for chemiluminescence, see 78.60.Ps) Chemical lasers (for chemiluminescence, see 78.60.Ps) Gas lasers including excimer and metal-vapor lasers Gas lasers including excimer and metal-vapor lasers Dye lasers Dye lasers Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes Doped-insulator lasers and other solid state lasers Doped-insulator lasers and other solid state lasers Microcavity and microdisk lasers Microcavity and microdisk lasers Photonic crystal lasers and coherent effects Photonic crystal lasers and coherent effects X- and gamma-ray lasers X- and gamma-ray lasers Fiber lasers Fiber lasers Diode-pumped lasers Diode-pumped lasers Raman lasers (see also 42.65.Dr Stimulated Raman scattering; CARS) Raman lasers (see also 42.65.Dr Stimulated Raman scattering; CARS) Random lasers Random lasers Laser optical systems: design and operation Laser optical systems: design and operation Design of specific laser systems Design of specific laser systems Resonators, cavities, amplifiers, arrays, and rings Resonators, cavities, amplifiers, arrays, and rings Modulation, tuning, and mode locking Modulation, tuning, and mode locking Q-switching Q-switching Beam characteristics: profile, intensity, and power; spatial pattern formation Beam characteristics: profile, intensity, and power; spatial pattern formation Efficiency, stability, gain, and other operational parameters Efficiency, stability, gain, and other operational parameters Dynamical laser instabilities; noisy laser behavior Dynamical laser instabilities; noisy laser behavior Continuous operation Continuous operation Relaxation oscillations and long pulse operation Relaxation oscillations and long pulse operation Laser applications Laser applications Biological and medical applications (see also 87.50.W-, 87.63.L-, and 87.80.Cc in biological and medical physics) Biological and medical applications (see also 87.50.W-, 87.63.L-, and 87.80.Cc in biological and medical physics) Industrial applications Industrial applications Metrological applications; optical frequency synthesizers for precision spectroscopy (see also 06.20.-f Metrology in metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures) Metrological applications; optical frequency synthesizers for precision spectroscopy (see also 06.20.-f Metrology in metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures) Laser spectroscopy Laser spectroscopy Nonlinear optics Nonlinear optics Optical susceptibility, hyperpolarizability [see also 33.15.Kr Electric and magnetic moments (and derivatives), polarizability, and magnetic susceptibility] Optical susceptibility, hyperpolarizability [see also 33.15.Kr Electric and magnetic moments (and derivatives), polarizability, and magnetic susceptibility] Stimulated Raman scattering; CARS (for Raman lasers, see 42.55.Ye) Stimulated Raman scattering; CARS (for Raman lasers, see 42.55.Ye) Stimulated Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering Stimulated Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering Phase conjugation; photorefractive and Kerr effects Phase conjugation; photorefractive and Kerr effects Beam trapping, self-focusing and defocusing; self-phase modulation Beam trapping, self-focusing and defocusing; self-phase modulation Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation (see also 42.79.Nv Optical frequency converters) Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation (see also 42.79.Nv Optical frequency converters) Parametric down conversion and production of entangled photons (see also 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements; for optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers, see 42.65.Yj) Parametric down conversion and production of entangled photons (see also 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements; for optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers, see 42.65.Yj) Optical bistability, multistability, and switching, including local field effects (see also 42.60.Gd Q-switching; 42.79.Ta Optical computers, logic elements, interconnects, switches; neural networks) Optical bistability, multistability, and switching, including local field effects (see also 42.60.Gd Q-switching; 42.79.Ta Optical computers, logic elements, interconnects, switches; neural networks) Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression Dynamics of nonlinear optical systems; optical instabilities, optical chaos and complexity, and optical spatio-temporal dynamics Dynamics of nonlinear optical systems; optical instabilities, optical chaos and complexity, and optical spatio-temporal dynamics Optical solitons; nonlinear guided waves (for solitons in fibers, see 42.81.Dp) Optical solitons; nonlinear guided waves (for solitons in fibers, see 42.81.Dp) Nonlinear waveguides Nonlinear waveguides Optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers (see also 42.65.Lm Parametric down conversion and production of entangled photons) Optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers (see also 42.65.Lm Parametric down conversion and production of entangled photons) Physiological optics (see also 87.19.lt Sensory systems: visual, auditory, tactile, taste, and olfaction) Physiological optics (see also 87.19.lt Sensory systems: visual, auditory, tactile, taste, and olfaction) Anatomy and optics of eye Anatomy and optics of eye Physiology of eye; optic-nerve structure and function (see also 87.19.lt Sensory systems: visual, auditory, tactile, taste, and olfaction) Physiology of eye; optic-nerve structure and function (see also 87.19.lt Sensory systems: visual, auditory, tactile, taste, and olfaction) Vision: light detection, adaptation, and discrimination Vision: light detection, adaptation, and discrimination Color vision: color detection, adaptation, and discrimination Color vision: color detection, adaptation, and discrimination Scales for light and color detection Scales for light and color detection Psychophysics of vision, visual perception; binocular vision Psychophysics of vision, visual perception; binocular vision Atmospheric and ocean optics Atmospheric and ocean optics Propagation, transmission, attenuation, and radiative transfer (see also 92.60.Ta Electromagnetic wave propagation) Propagation, transmission, attenuation, and radiative transfer (see also 92.60.Ta Electromagnetic wave propagation) Atmospheric turbulence effects (see also 92.60.hk Convection, turbulence, and diffusion in meteorology) Atmospheric turbulence effects (see also 92.60.hk Convection, turbulence, and diffusion in meteorology) Spectral absorption by atmospheric gases (see also 92.60.Vb Radiative processes, solar radiation in meteorology) Spectral absorption by atmospheric gases (see also 92.60.Vb Radiative processes, solar radiation in meteorology) Effects of clouds and water; ice crystal phenomena (see also 92.60.Jq Water in the atmosphere; 92.60.Nv Cloud physics and chemistry in meteorology) Effects of clouds and water; ice crystal phenomena (see also 92.60.Jq Water in the atmosphere; 92.60.Nv Cloud physics and chemistry in meteorology) Effects of aerosols (see also 92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols in meteorology; 92.20.Bk Aerosols in chemical and biological oceanography; 91.40.Dr Atmospheric effects in volcanology) Effects of aerosols (see also 92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols in meteorology; 92.20.Bk Aerosols in chemical and biological oceanography; 91.40.Dr Atmospheric effects in volcanology) Effects of air pollution (see also 92.60.Sz Air quality and air pollution in meteorology; 92.10.Xc Ocean fog in oceanography) Effects of air pollution (see also 92.60.Sz Air quality and air pollution in meteorology; 92.10.Xc Ocean fog in oceanography) Scattering, polarization (see also 92.60.Ta Electromagnetic wave propagation and 92.60.Vb Radiative processes, solar radiation in meteorology) Scattering, polarization (see also 92.60.Ta Electromagnetic wave propagation and 92.60.Vb Radiative processes, solar radiation in meteorology) Image transmission and formation Image transmission and formation Remote sensing; LIDAR and adaptive systems Remote sensing; LIDAR and adaptive systems Ocean optics (see also 92.05.Hj Physical and chemical properties of sea water in oceanography) Ocean optics (see also 92.05.Hj Physical and chemical properties of sea water in oceanography) Optical materials (see also 81.05.-t Specific materials: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis) Optical materials (see also 81.05.-t Specific materials: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis) Glasses, quartz Glasses, quartz Liquid crystals (for structure of liquid crystals, see 61.30.-v) Liquid crystals (for structure of liquid crystals, see 61.30.-v) Light-sensitive materials Light-sensitive materials Laser materials Laser materials Polymers and organics Polymers and organics Infrared transmitting materials Infrared transmitting materials Holographic recording materials; optical storage media Holographic recording materials; optical storage media Nonlinear optical crystals (see also 77.84.-s Dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric materials) Nonlinear optical crystals (see also 77.84.-s Dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric materials) Other nonlinear optical materials; photorefractive and semiconductor materials Other nonlinear optical materials; photorefractive and semiconductor materials Photonic bandgap materials (for photonic crystal lasers, see 42.55.Tv) Photonic bandgap materials (for photonic crystal lasers, see 42.55.Tv) Optical sources and standards (for lasers, see 42.55.-f) Optical sources and standards (for lasers, see 42.55.-f) Infrared sources (see also 07.57.Hm Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave sources) Infrared sources (see also 07.57.Hm Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave sources) Visible and ultraviolet sources Visible and ultraviolet sources Optical elements, devices, and systems (for integrated optics, see 42.82.-m; for fiber optics, see 42.81.-i) Optical elements, devices, and systems (for integrated optics, see 42.82.-m; for fiber optics, see 42.81.-i) Apertures, collimators Apertures, collimators Lenses, prisms and mirrors Lenses, prisms and mirrors Filters, zone plates, and polarizers Filters, zone plates, and polarizers Gratings (for holographic gratings, see 42.40.Eq) Gratings (for holographic gratings, see 42.40.Eq) Solar collectors and concentrators (see also 84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion: solar cells and arrays) Solar collectors and concentrators (see also 84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion: solar cells and arrays) Reflectors, beam splitters, and deflectors Reflectors, beam splitters, and deflectors Optical waveguides and couplers (for fiber waveguides and waveguides in integrated optics, see 42.81.Qb and 42.82.Et, respectively) Optical waveguides and couplers (for fiber waveguides and waveguides in integrated optics, see 42.81.Qb and 42.82.Et, respectively) Optical processors, correlators, and modulators Optical processors, correlators, and modulators Acousto-optical devices (see also 43.38.Zp-in Acoustics Appendix) Acousto-optical devices (see also 43.38.Zp-in Acoustics Appendix) Display devices, liquid-crystal devices (see also 85.60.Pg Display systems) Display devices, liquid-crystal devices (see also 85.60.Pg Display systems) Scanners, image intensifiers, and image converters (see also 85.60.-q Optoelectronic devices) Scanners, image intensifiers, and image converters (see also 85.60.-q Optoelectronic devices) Schlieren devices Schlieren devices Optical frequency converters Optical frequency converters Imaging detectors and sensors (see also 85.60.Gz Photodetectors) Imaging detectors and sensors (see also 85.60.Gz Photodetectors) Range finders, remote sensing devices; laser Doppler velocimeters, SAR, and LIDAR (see also 42.68.Wt Remote sensing; LIDAR and adaptive systems) Range finders, remote sensing devices; laser Doppler velocimeters, SAR, and LIDAR (see also 42.68.Wt Remote sensing; LIDAR and adaptive systems) Gradient-index (GRIN) devices (for fiber GRIN devices, see 42.81.Ht) Gradient-index (GRIN) devices (for fiber GRIN devices, see 42.81.Ht) Optical communication systems, multiplexers, and demultiplexers (for fiber networks, see 42.81.Uv) Optical communication systems, multiplexers, and demultiplexers (for fiber networks, see 42.81.Uv) Optical computers, logic elements, interconnects, switches; neural networks Optical computers, logic elements, interconnects, switches; neural networks Optical storage systems, optical disks (see also 42.40.Ht Hologram recording and readout methods) Optical storage systems, optical disks (see also 42.40.Ht Hologram recording and readout methods) Optical coatings Optical coatings Fiber optics Fiber optics Fabrication, cladding, and splicing Fabrication, cladding, and splicing Fiber testing and measurement of fiber parameters Fiber testing and measurement of fiber parameters Propagation, scattering, and losses; solitons Propagation, scattering, and losses; solitons Birefringence, polarization Birefringence, polarization Gradient-index (GRIN) fiber devices Gradient-index (GRIN) fiber devices Sensors, gyros Sensors, gyros Fiber waveguides, couplers, and arrays Fiber waveguides, couplers, and arrays Fiber networks (see also 42.79.Sz Optical communication systems, multiplexers, and demultiplexers) Fiber networks (see also 42.79.Sz Optical communication systems, multiplexers, and demultiplexers) Other fiber-optical devices (for fiber lasers, see 42.55.Wd) Other fiber-optical devices (for fiber lasers, see 42.55.Wd) Integrated optics Integrated optics Design and performance testing of integrated-optical systems Design and performance testing of integrated-optical systems Fabrication techniques; lithography, pattern transfer (see also 85.40.-e Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology) Fabrication techniques; lithography, pattern transfer (see also 85.40.-e Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology) Interconnects, including holographic interconnects (see also 42.79.Ta Optical computers, logic elements, interconnects, switches; neural networks) Interconnects, including holographic interconnects (see also 42.79.Ta Optical computers, logic elements, interconnects, switches; neural networks) Waveguides, couplers, and arrays (for fiber waveguides, see 42.81.Qb) Waveguides, couplers, and arrays (for fiber waveguides, see 42.81.Qb) Hybrid systems Hybrid systems Other integrated-optical elements and systems Other integrated-optical elements and systems Optical workshop techniques Optical workshop techniques Optical testing techniques Optical testing techniques Phase shifting interferometry (for interferometers, see 07.60.Ly in instruments) Phase shifting interferometry (for interferometers, see 07.60.Ly in instruments) Environmental and radiation effects on optical elements, devices, and systems Environmental and radiation effects on optical elements, devices, and systems Other topics in optics (restricted to new topics in section 42) Other topics in optics (restricted to new topics in section 42) Acoustics (for more detailed headings, see Appendix to section 43) Acoustics (for more detailed headings, see Appendix to section 43) General linear acoustics General linear acoustics Nonlinear acoustics Nonlinear acoustics Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound (see also 92.60.hh Acoustic gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves in meteorology) Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound (see also 92.60.hh Acoustic gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves in meteorology) Underwater sound (see also 92.10.Vz-in physical oceanography) Underwater sound (see also 92.10.Vz-in physical oceanography) Ultrasonics, quantum acoustics, and physical effects of sound Ultrasonics, quantum acoustics, and physical effects of sound Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound Structural acoustics and vibration Structural acoustics and vibration Noise: its effects and control Noise: its effects and control Architectural acoustics Architectural acoustics Acoustical measurements and instrumentation Acoustical measurements and instrumentation Acoustic signal processing Acoustic signal processing Physiological acoustics Physiological acoustics Psychological acoustics Psychological acoustics Speech production Speech production Speech perception Speech perception Speech processing and communication systems Speech processing and communication systems Music and musical instruments Music and musical instruments Bioacoustics Bioacoustics Other topics in acoustics (restricted to new topics in section 43) Other topics in acoustics (restricted to new topics in section 43) Heat transfer Heat transfer Analytical and numerical techniques Analytical and numerical techniques Heat conduction (see also 66.25.+g and 66.70.-f in nonelectronic transport properties of condensed matter) Heat conduction (see also 66.25.+g and 66.70.-f in nonelectronic transport properties of condensed matter) Channel and internal heat flow Channel and internal heat flow Boundary layer heat flow Boundary layer heat flow Natural convection (see also 47.27.te Turbulent convective heat transfer in fluid dynamics) Natural convection (see also 47.27.te Turbulent convective heat transfer in fluid dynamics) Forced convection Forced convection Heat flow in porous media Heat flow in porous media Heat flow in multiphase systems Heat flow in multiphase systems Thermal radiation Thermal radiation Other topics in heat transfer (restricted to new topics in section 44) Other topics in heat transfer (restricted to new topics in section 44) Classical mechanics of discrete systems Classical mechanics of discrete systems General theory of classical mechanics of discrete systems General theory of classical mechanics of discrete systems Computational methods in classical mechanics (see also 02.70.-c Computational techniques in mathematical methods in physics) Computational methods in classical mechanics (see also 02.70.-c Computational techniques in mathematical methods in physics) Variational and optimization methods Variational and optimization methods Perturbation and fractional calculus methods Perturbation and fractional calculus methods Geometrical and tensorial methods Geometrical and tensorial methods Formalisms in classical mechanics Formalisms in classical mechanics Newtonian mechanics Newtonian mechanics Forces and torques Forces and torques Rotational dynamics Rotational dynamics Momentum conservation Momentum conservation Mechanical energy, work, and power Mechanical energy, work, and power Energy conservation Energy conservation Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics General linear dynamical systems (for nonlinear dynamical systems, see 05.45.-a) General linear dynamical systems (for nonlinear dynamical systems, see 05.45.-a) Dynamics and kinematics of rigid bodies Dynamics and kinematics of rigid bodies Translation kinematics Translation kinematics Rotational kinematics Rotational kinematics Rigid body and gyroscope motion Rigid body and gyroscope motion Ballistics (projectiles; rockets) Ballistics (projectiles; rockets) Robotics Robotics Dynamics and kinematics of a particle and a system of particles Dynamics and kinematics of a particle and a system of particles General motion General motion Few- and many-body systems Few- and many-body systems Celestial mechanics (see also 95.10.Ce in fundamental astronomy) Celestial mechanics (see also 95.10.Ce in fundamental astronomy) Collisions Collisions Granular systems (see also 05.65.+b Self-organized systems) Granular systems (see also 05.65.+b Self-organized systems) Static sandpiles; granular compaction Static sandpiles; granular compaction Avalanches Avalanches Granular flow: mixing, segregation and stratification Granular flow: mixing, segregation and stratification Pattern formation Pattern formation Granular models of complex systems; traffic flow Granular models of complex systems; traffic flow Control of mechanical systems (see also 46.80.+j Measurement methods and techniques in continuum mechanics of solids) Control of mechanical systems (see also 46.80.+j Measurement methods and techniques in continuum mechanics of solids) Other topics in classical mechanics of discrete systems (restricted to new topics in section 45) Other topics in classical mechanics of discrete systems (restricted to new topics in section 45) Continuum mechanics of solids (see also 83.10.Ff in rheology; 91.60.Ba Elasticity, fracture, and flow; 91.45.Ga Dynamics and mechanics of tectonics; 91.55.Ln Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation in geophysics) Continuum mechanics of solids (see also 83.10.Ff in rheology; 91.60.Ba Elasticity, fracture, and flow; 91.45.Ga Dynamics and mechanics of tectonics; 91.55.Ln Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation in geophysics) General theory of continuum mechanics of solids General theory of continuum mechanics of solids Computational methods in continuum mechanics (see also 02.70.-c Computational techniques; simulations, in mathematical methods in physics) Computational methods in continuum mechanics (see also 02.70.-c Computational techniques; simulations, in mathematical methods in physics) Variational and optimizational methods Variational and optimizational methods Perturbation and complex analysis methods Perturbation and complex analysis methods Static elasticity Static elasticity Theoretical studies Theoretical studies Thermoelasticity and electromagnetic elasticity (electroelasticity, magnetoelasticity) Thermoelasticity and electromagnetic elasticity (electroelasticity, magnetoelasticity) Static buckling and instability Static buckling and instability Viscoelasticity, plasticity, viscoplasticity (see also 83.60.Bc, Df, in rheology; 91.60.Dc Plasticity, diffusion, and creep in physical properties of rocks and minerals) Viscoelasticity, plasticity, viscoplasticity (see also 83.60.Bc, Df, in rheology; 91.60.Dc Plasticity, diffusion, and creep in physical properties of rocks and minerals) Vibrations and mechanical waves (see also 43.40.+s Structural acoustics and vibration; 62.30.+d Mechanical and elastic waves; vibrations in mechanical properties of solids) Vibrations and mechanical waves (see also 43.40.+s Structural acoustics and vibration; 62.30.+d Mechanical and elastic waves; vibrations in mechanical properties of solids) Mechanical wave propagation (including diffraction, scattering, and dispersion) Mechanical wave propagation (including diffraction, scattering, and dispersion) Resonance, damping, and dynamic stability Resonance, damping, and dynamic stability Aeroelasticity and hydroelasticity Aeroelasticity and hydroelasticity Fracture mechanics, fatigue and cracks (see also 62.20.M- Structural failure of materials in mechanical properties of condensed matter) Fracture mechanics, fatigue and cracks (see also 62.20.M- Structural failure of materials in mechanical properties of condensed matter) Tribology and mechanical contacts (see also 81.40.Pq Friction, lubrication and wear in materials science; 62.20.Qp Friction, tribology and hardness in mechanical properties of solids) Tribology and mechanical contacts (see also 81.40.Pq Friction, lubrication and wear in materials science; 62.20.Qp Friction, tribology and hardness in mechanical properties of solids) Random phenomena and media (see also 05.40.-a Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion) Random phenomena and media (see also 05.40.-a Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion) Application of continuum mechanics to structures Application of continuum mechanics to structures Beams, plates, and shells Beams, plates, and shells Membranes, rods, and strings Membranes, rods, and strings Other structures Other structures Measurement methods and techniques in continuum mechanics of solids (for mechanical instruments, equipment, and techniques, see 07.10.-h in instruments) Measurement methods and techniques in continuum mechanics of solids (for mechanical instruments, equipment, and techniques, see 07.10.-h in instruments) Other topics in continuum mechanics of solids (restricted to new topics in section 46) Other topics in continuum mechanics of solids (restricted to new topics in section 46) Fluid dynamics (for fluid dynamics of quantum fluids, see section 67; see also section 83 Rheology; for sound generation by fluid flow, see 43.28.Ra-in Acoustics Appendix) Fluid dynamics (for fluid dynamics of quantum fluids, see section 67; see also section 83 Rheology; for sound generation by fluid flow, see 43.28.Ra-in Acoustics Appendix) General theory in fluid dynamics General theory in fluid dynamics Mathematical formulations Mathematical formulations Conservation laws and constitutive relations Conservation laws and constitutive relations Navier-Stokes equations Navier-Stokes equations Hamiltonian formulations Hamiltonian formulations Dynamical systems methods Dynamical systems methods Computational methods in fluid dynamics Computational methods in fluid dynamics Finite difference methods Finite difference methods Finite volume methods Finite volume methods Finite element methods Finite element methods Boundary element methods Boundary element methods Spectral methods Spectral methods Molecular dynamics methods Molecular dynamics methods Lattice gas Lattice gas Multi-scale methods Multi-scale methods Laminar flows Laminar flows Laminar boundary layers Laminar boundary layers Stability of laminar flows Stability of laminar flows Low-Reynolds-number (creeping) flows Low-Reynolds-number (creeping) flows Thin film flows Thin film flows Hele-Shaw flows Hele-Shaw flows Inviscid laminar flows Inviscid laminar flows Inviscid flows with vorticity Inviscid flows with vorticity Potential flows Potential flows Laminar flows in cavities, channels, ducts, and conduits Laminar flows in cavities, channels, ducts, and conduits Free shear layers Free shear layers Laminar wakes Laminar wakes Laminar jets Laminar jets Flow instabilities (see also 47.15.Fe Stability of laminar flows) Flow instabilities (see also 47.15.Fe Stability of laminar flows) Buoyancy-driven instabilities (e.g., Rayleigh-Benard) Buoyancy-driven instabilities (e.g., Rayleigh-Benard) Inviscid instability Inviscid instability Surface-tension-driven instability Surface-tension-driven instability Instability of shear flows (e.g., Kelvin-Helmholtz) Instability of shear flows (e.g., Kelvin-Helmholtz) Viscous and viscoelastic instabilities Viscous and viscoelastic instabilities Morphological instability; phase changes Morphological instability; phase changes Instability of boundary layers; separation Instability of boundary layers; separation Nonlinearity, bifurcation, and symmetry breaking Nonlinearity, bifurcation, and symmetry breaking Secondary instabilities Secondary instabilities Interfacial instabilities (e.g., Rayleigh-Taylor) Interfacial instabilities (e.g., Rayleigh-Taylor) Flow receptivity Flow receptivity Centrifugal instabilities (e.g., Taylor-Couette flow) Centrifugal instabilities (e.g., Taylor-Couette flow) Turbulent flows Turbulent flows Fundamentals Fundamentals Transition to turbulence Transition to turbulence Coherent structures Coherent structures Turbulence simulation and modeling Turbulence simulation and modeling Statistical theories and models Statistical theories and models Dynamical systems approaches Dynamical systems approaches Field-theoretic formulations and renormalization Field-theoretic formulations and renormalization Direct numerical simulations Direct numerical simulations Eddy-viscosity closures; Reynolds stress modeling Eddy-viscosity closures; Reynolds stress modeling Large-eddy simulations Large-eddy simulations Spectral methods Spectral methods Isotropic turbulence; homogeneous turbulence Isotropic turbulence; homogeneous turbulence High-Reynolds-number turbulence High-Reynolds-number turbulence Wall-bounded shear flow turbulence Wall-bounded shear flow turbulence Boundary layer turbulence Boundary layer turbulence Channel flow Channel flow Flows in pipes and nozzles Flows in pipes and nozzles Turbulence control Turbulence control Turbulence generated noise Turbulence generated noise Turbulent transport processes Turbulent transport processes Turbulent diffusion Turbulent diffusion Turbulent convective heat transfer Turbulent convective heat transfer Boundary-free shear flow turbulence Boundary-free shear flow turbulence Turbulent wakes Turbulent wakes Turbulent jets Turbulent jets Turbulent mixing layers Turbulent mixing layers Vortex dynamics; rotating fluids (for vortices in superfluid helium, see 67.25.dk and 67.30.he) Vortex dynamics; rotating fluids (for vortices in superfluid helium, see 67.25.dk and 67.30.he) Vortex dynamics Vortex dynamics Vortex interactions Vortex interactions Vortex stability and breakdown Vortex stability and breakdown Vortex reconnection and rings Vortex reconnection and rings Vortex streets Vortex streets Rotating and swirling flows Rotating and swirling flows Separated flows Separated flows Hydrodynamic waves (see also 47.65.-d Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics; 52.35.Bj Magnetohydrodynamic waves; 52.35.Dm Sound waves in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges) Hydrodynamic waves (see also 47.65.-d Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics; 52.35.Bj Magnetohydrodynamic waves; 52.35.Dm Sound waves in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges) Gravity waves Gravity waves Shear waves Shear waves Solitary waves Solitary waves Wave breaking Wave breaking Wave-structure interactions Wave-structure interactions Capillary waves Capillary waves Sound waves Sound waves Magnetohydrodynamic waves Magnetohydrodynamic waves Hydrodynamic aspects of superfluidity; quantum fluids (for transport and hydrodynamics of normal and superfluid phase of <sup<4</sup<He, see 67.25.bf, and 67.25.dg respectively; for transport and hydrodynamics of normal and superfluid phase of <sup<3</sup<He, see 67.30.eh, and 67.30.hb respectively) Hydrodynamic aspects of superfluidity; quantum fluids (for transport and hydrodynamics of normal and superfluid phase of <sup<4</sup<He, see 67.25.bf, and 67.25.dg respectively; for transport and hydrodynamics of normal and superfluid phase of <sup<3</sup<He, see 67.30.eh, and 67.30.hb respectively) Compressible flows; shock waves (see also 43.25.Cb Macrosonic propagation, finite amplitude sound; shock waves in Acoustics Appendix; 52.35.Tc Shock waves and discontinuities in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges; 82.40.Fp Shock wave initiated reactions, high-pressure chemistry in Physical chemistry and chemical physics) Compressible flows; shock waves (see also 43.25.Cb Macrosonic propagation, finite amplitude sound; shock waves in Acoustics Appendix; 52.35.Tc Shock waves and discontinuities in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges; 82.40.Fp Shock wave initiated reactions, high-pressure chemistry in Physical chemistry and chemical physics) General subsonic flows General subsonic flows Transonic flows Transonic flows Supersonic and hypersonic flows Supersonic and hypersonic flows Shock wave interactions and shock effects (for shock wave initiated chemical reactions, see 82.40.Fp) Shock wave interactions and shock effects (for shock wave initiated chemical reactions, see 82.40.Fp) Detonation waves Detonation waves Rarefied gas dynamics Rarefied gas dynamics Kinetic theory of gases Kinetic theory of gases Free molecular flows Free molecular flows Slip flows and accommodation Slip flows and accommodation Non-Newtonian fluid flows Non-Newtonian fluid flows Modeling Modeling Measurements Measurements Instabilities Instabilities Mixing (see also 64.75.Ef Mixing in Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions; 82.60.Lf Thermodynamics of solutions in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 83.50.Xa Mixing and blending in Rheology) Mixing (see also 64.75.Ef Mixing in Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions; 82.60.Lf Thermodynamics of solutions in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 83.50.Xa Mixing and blending in Rheology) Chaos in fluid dynamics (see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos in Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems) Chaos in fluid dynamics (see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos in Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems) Fractals in fluid dynamics (see also 05.45.Df Fractals in Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems) Fractals in fluid dynamics (see also 05.45.Df Fractals in Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems) Pattern selection; pattern formation (see also 82.40.Ck Pattern formation in reactions with diffusion, flow and heat transfer in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 87.18.Hf Spatiotemporal pattern formation in cellular populations in Biological and medical physics) Pattern selection; pattern formation (see also 82.40.Ck Pattern formation in reactions with diffusion, flow and heat transfer in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 87.18.Hf Spatiotemporal pattern formation in cellular populations in Biological and medical physics) Theoretical aspects Theoretical aspects Experimental aspects Experimental aspects Chemical and biological applications Chemical and biological applications Materials science applications Materials science applications Multiphase and stratified flows Multiphase and stratified flows Gas/liquid flows Gas/liquid flows Drops and bubbles Drops and bubbles Drop and bubble formation Drop and bubble formation Bubble dynamics Bubble dynamics Breakup and coalescence Breakup and coalescence Surfactant effects Surfactant effects Thermocapillary effects Thermocapillary effects Cavitation and boiling Cavitation and boiling Interactions with surfaces Interactions with surfaces Stratified flows Stratified flows Core-annular flows Core-annular flows Particle-laden flows Particle-laden flows Fluidized beds Fluidized beds Interfacial flows Interfacial flows Capillary and thermocapillary flows Capillary and thermocapillary flows Spreading films Spreading films Liquid bridges Liquid bridges Curtains/sheets Curtains/sheets Contact lines Contact lines Buoyancy-driven flows; convection Buoyancy-driven flows; convection Thermal convection Thermal convection Multidiffusive convection Multidiffusive convection Marangoni convection Marangoni convection Flows through porous media Flows through porous media Complex fluids and colloidal systems (see also 82.70.-y Disperse systems; complex fluids in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 83.80.Hj Suspensions, dispersions, pastes, slurries, colloids; 83.80.Iz Emulsions and foams in Rheology) Complex fluids and colloidal systems (see also 82.70.-y Disperse systems; complex fluids in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 83.80.Hj Suspensions, dispersions, pastes, slurries, colloids; 83.80.Iz Emulsions and foams in Rheology) Foams and emulsions Foams and emulsions Suspensions Suspensions Diffusion and aggregation Diffusion and aggregation Sedimentation and migration Sedimentation and migration Granular flow Granular flow Colloidal systems Colloidal systems Microemulsions Microemulsions Electrokinetic effects Electrokinetic effects Flows of liquid crystals Flows of liquid crystals Polymers and polymer solutions Polymers and polymer solutions Rheological aspects Rheological aspects Flow phenomena in quasi-one-dimensional systems (see also 43.28.Py Interaction of fluid motion and sound, Doppler effect and sound in flow ducts in Acoustics Appendix; 47.15.Rq Laminar flows in cavities, channels, ducts and conduits; 47.27.nd Channel flows; 47.27.nf Flows in pipes and nozzles) Flow phenomena in quasi-one-dimensional systems (see also 43.28.Py Interaction of fluid motion and sound, Doppler effect and sound in flow ducts in Acoustics Appendix; 47.15.Rq Laminar flows in cavities, channels, ducts and conduits; 47.27.nd Channel flows; 47.27.nf Flows in pipes and nozzles) Flows in ducts and channels Flows in ducts and channels Flows and jets through nozzles Flows and jets through nozzles Micro- and nano- scale flow phenomena Micro- and nano- scale flow phenomena Non-continuum effects Non-continuum effects Flows in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) Flows in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) Multiphase flows Multiphase flows Micromixing Micromixing Biological fluid dynamics (see also 87.19.U- Hemodynamics, 87.19.rh Fluid transport and rheology, 87.19.Wx Pneumodynamics, 87.85.gf Fluid mechanics and rheology in biological and medical physics) Biological fluid dynamics (see also 87.19.U- Hemodynamics, 87.19.rh Fluid transport and rheology, 87.19.Wx Pneumodynamics, 87.85.gf Fluid mechanics and rheology in biological and medical physics) Blood flow in cardiovascular system Blood flow in cardiovascular system Pulmonary fluid mechanics Pulmonary fluid mechanics Swimming microorganisms Swimming microorganisms Microcirculation and flow through tissues Microcirculation and flow through tissues Biopropulsion in water and air Biopropulsion in water and air High-Reynolds-number motions High-Reynolds-number motions Low-Reynolds-number motions Low-Reynolds-number motions Transport processes and drug delivery Transport processes and drug delivery Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics (see also 47.35.Tv Magnetohydrodynamic waves; 52.30.Cv Magnetohydrodynamics, and 52.65.Kj Magnetohydrodynamics and fluid equation in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges; 83.80.Gv Electro- and magnetorheological fluids in Rheology) Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics (see also 47.35.Tv Magnetohydrodynamic waves; 52.30.Cv Magnetohydrodynamics, and 52.65.Kj Magnetohydrodynamics and fluid equation in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges; 83.80.Gv Electro- and magnetorheological fluids in Rheology) Magnetic fluids and ferrofluids Magnetic fluids and ferrofluids Electrorheological fluids Electrorheological fluids Plasma dynamos Plasma dynamos Reactive and radiative flows (see also 82.33.Vx Reactions in flames, combustion and explosion; 82.33.Xj Plasma reactions (including flowing afterglow and electric discharges); 82.33.Ya Chemistry of MOCVD and other vapor deposition methods in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 92.60.Vb Radiative processes, solar radiation in Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics) Reactive and radiative flows (see also 82.33.Vx Reactions in flames, combustion and explosion; 82.33.Xj Plasma reactions (including flowing afterglow and electric discharges); 82.33.Ya Chemistry of MOCVD and other vapor deposition methods in Physical chemistry and chemical physics; 92.60.Vb Radiative processes, solar radiation in Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics) Chemically reactive flows (see also 83.80.Jx-in rheology) Chemically reactive flows (see also 83.80.Jx-in rheology) Radiation gas dynamics Radiation gas dynamics Nonequilibrium gas dynamics Nonequilibrium gas dynamics Flames; combustion Flames; combustion Relativistic fluid dynamics (see also 52.27.Ny Relativistic plasmas in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges; 98.80.Jk Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology in Stellar systems; interstellar medium; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe) Relativistic fluid dynamics (see also 52.27.Ny Relativistic plasmas in Physics of plasmas and electric discharges; 98.80.Jk Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology in Stellar systems; interstellar medium; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe) Instrumentation and measurement methods in fluid dynamics Instrumentation and measurement methods in fluid dynamics Velocity measurements Velocity measurements Pressure and temperature measurements Pressure and temperature measurements Flow visualization and imaging Flow visualization and imaging Applied fluid mechanics Applied fluid mechanics Hydrodynamics, hydraulics, hydrostatics Hydrodynamics, hydraulics, hydrostatics Aerodynamics Aerodynamics Hydraulic and pneumatic machinery Hydraulic and pneumatic machinery Flow control Flow control Drag reduction Drag reduction Boundary layer control Boundary layer control Flow noise reduction Flow noise reduction Mixing enhancement Mixing enhancement Material processing flows; industrial applications Material processing flows; industrial applications Coating flows Coating flows Polymer processing flows Polymer processing flows Lubrication flows Lubrication flows Fluidics Fluidics Other topics in fluid dynamics (restricted to new topics in section 47) Other topics in fluid dynamics (restricted to new topics in section 47) PHYSICS OF GASES, PLASMAS, AND ELECTRIC DISCHARGES PHYSICS OF GASES, PLASMAS, AND ELECTRIC DISCHARGES Physics of gases Physics of gases Kinetic and transport theory of gases (see also 05.20.Dd Kinetic theory in classical statistical mechanics; see also 47.70.Mc Radiation gas dynamics) Kinetic and transport theory of gases (see also 05.20.Dd Kinetic theory in classical statistical mechanics; see also 47.70.Mc Radiation gas dynamics) Viscosity, diffusion, and thermal conductivity Viscosity, diffusion, and thermal conductivity Thermodynamic properties, equations of state (see also 05.70.Ce Thermodynamic functions and equations of state in thermodynamics) Thermodynamic properties, equations of state (see also 05.70.Ce Thermodynamic functions and equations of state in thermodynamics) Mechanical properties; compressibility Mechanical properties; compressibility Acoustical properties (see also 43.28.-g Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound in Acoustics Appendix; for ultrasonic relaxation in gases, see 43.35.Fj- Acoustical properties (see also 43.28.-g Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound in Acoustics Appendix; for ultrasonic relaxation in gases, see 43.35.Fj- Electrical properties (ionization, breakdown, electron and ion mobility, etc.) (see also 52.80.-s Electric discharges in physics of plasmas) Electrical properties (ionization, breakdown, electron and ion mobility, etc.) (see also 52.80.-s Electric discharges in physics of plasmas) Magnetic properties Magnetic properties Optical and dielectric properties Optical and dielectric properties Other topics in the physics of gases (restricted to new topics in section 51) Other topics in the physics of gases (restricted to new topics in section 51) Physics of plasmas and electric discharges (for space plasma physics, see 94.05.-a; for astrophysical plasmas, see 95.30.Qd; for physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere, see 94.20.-y and 94.30.-d respectively) Physics of plasmas and electric discharges (for space plasma physics, see 94.05.-a; for astrophysical plasmas, see 95.30.Qd; for physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere, see 94.20.-y and 94.30.-d respectively) Elementary processes in plasmas Elementary processes in plasmas Particle orbits Particle orbits Electron collisions Electron collisions Atomic, molecular, ion, and heavy-particle collisions Atomic, molecular, ion, and heavy-particle collisions Plasma properties (for chemical reactions in plasma, see 82.33.Xj) Plasma properties (for chemical reactions in plasma, see 82.33.Xj) Plasma kinetic equations Plasma kinetic equations Transport properties Transport properties Fluctuation and chaos phenomena (for plasma turbulence, see 52.35.Ra; see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) Fluctuation and chaos phenomena (for plasma turbulence, see 52.35.Ra; see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) Ionization of plasmas Ionization of plasmas Thermodynamics of plasmas Thermodynamics of plasmas Dielectric properties Dielectric properties Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation Emission, absorption, and scattering of particles Emission, absorption, and scattering of particles Impurities in plasmas Impurities in plasmas Magnetized plasmas Magnetized plasmas Neutrals in plasmas Neutrals in plasmas Basic studies of specific kinds of plasmas Basic studies of specific kinds of plasmas Single-component, electron-positive-ion plasmas Single-component, electron-positive-ion plasmas Multicomponent and negative-ion plasmas Multicomponent and negative-ion plasmas Electron-positron plasmas Electron-positron plasmas Strongly-coupled plasmas Strongly-coupled plasmas Nonneutral plasmas Nonneutral plasmas Dusty or complex plasmas; plasma crystals Dusty or complex plasmas; plasma crystals Relativistic plasmas Relativistic plasmas Plasma dynamics and flow Plasma dynamics and flow Magnetohydrodynamics (including electron magnetohydrodynamics) (see also 47.65.-d Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics in fluid dynamics; for MHD generators, see 52.75.Fk; see also 95.30.Qd Magnetohydrodynamics and plasmas in astrophysics) Magnetohydrodynamics (including electron magnetohydrodynamics) (see also 47.65.-d Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics in fluid dynamics; for MHD generators, see 52.75.Fk; see also 95.30.Qd Magnetohydrodynamics and plasmas in astrophysics) Two-fluid and multi-fluid plasmas Two-fluid and multi-fluid plasmas Gyrokinetics Gyrokinetics Waves, oscillations, and instabilities in plasmas and intense beams (see also 94.20.wf Plasma waves and instabilities in physics of the ionosphere; 94.30.cq MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities in physics of the magnetosphere; 96.50.Tf MHD waves, plasma waves, turbulence in interplanetary physics) Waves, oscillations, and instabilities in plasmas and intense beams (see also 94.20.wf Plasma waves and instabilities in physics of the ionosphere; 94.30.cq MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities in physics of the magnetosphere; 96.50.Tf MHD waves, plasma waves, turbulence in interplanetary physics) Magnetohydrodynamic waves (e.g., Alfven waves) Magnetohydrodynamic waves (e.g., Alfven waves) Sound waves Sound waves Electrostatic waves and oscillations (e.g., ion-acoustic waves) Electrostatic waves and oscillations (e.g., ion-acoustic waves) Electromagnetic waves (e.g., electron-cyclotron, Whistler, Bernstein, upper hybrid, lower hybrid) Electromagnetic waves (e.g., electron-cyclotron, Whistler, Bernstein, upper hybrid, lower hybrid) Drift waves Drift waves Other linear waves Other linear waves Nonlinear phenomena: waves, wave propagation, and other interactions (including parametric effects, mode coupling, ponderomotive effects, etc.) Nonlinear phenomena: waves, wave propagation, and other interactions (including parametric effects, mode coupling, ponderomotive effects, etc.) Macroinstabilities (hydromagnetic, e.g., kink, fire-hose, mirror, ballooning, tearing, trapped-particle, flute, Rayleigh-Taylor, etc.) Macroinstabilities (hydromagnetic, e.g., kink, fire-hose, mirror, ballooning, tearing, trapped-particle, flute, Rayleigh-Taylor, etc.) Microinstabilities (ion-acoustic, two-stream, loss-cone, beam-plasma, drift, ion- or electron-cyclotron, etc.) Microinstabilities (ion-acoustic, two-stream, loss-cone, beam-plasma, drift, ion- or electron-cyclotron, etc.) Plasma turbulence Plasma turbulence Solitons; BGK modes Solitons; BGK modes Shock waves and discontinuities Shock waves and discontinuities Magnetic reconnection (see also 94.30.cp in physics of the magnetosphere) Magnetic reconnection (see also 94.30.cp in physics of the magnetosphere) Plasma vorticity Plasma vorticity Laser-plasma interactions (for plasma production and heating by laser beams, see 52.50.Jm) Laser-plasma interactions (for plasma production and heating by laser beams, see 52.50.Jm) Rayleigh scattering; stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering Rayleigh scattering; stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering Laser light absorption in plasmas (collisional, parametric, etc.) Laser light absorption in plasmas (collisional, parametric, etc.) Laser-induced magnetic fields in plasmas Laser-induced magnetic fields in plasmas Self-focussing, channeling, and filamentation in plasmas Self-focussing, channeling, and filamentation in plasmas Laser-plasma acceleration of electrons and ions (see also 41.75.Jv Laser-driven acceleration in electromagnetism; electron and ion optics) Laser-plasma acceleration of electrons and ions (see also 41.75.Jv Laser-driven acceleration in electromagnetism; electron and ion optics) Laser ablation (see also 79.20.Ds, Laser-beam impact phenomena) Laser ablation (see also 79.20.Ds, Laser-beam impact phenomena) X-ray, gamma-ray, and particle generation X-ray, gamma-ray, and particle generation Plasma interactions (nonlaser) Plasma interactions (nonlaser) Electromagnetic (nonlaser) radiation interactions with plasma (for electromagnetic wave propagation in the ionosphere and magnetosphere, see 94.20.Bb and 94.30.Tz respectively) Electromagnetic (nonlaser) radiation interactions with plasma (for electromagnetic wave propagation in the ionosphere and magnetosphere, see 94.20.Bb and 94.30.Tz respectively) Plasma interactions with antennas; plasma-filled waveguides Plasma interactions with antennas; plasma-filled waveguides Plasma-material interactions; boundary layer effects Plasma-material interactions; boundary layer effects Plasma sheaths (see also 94.30.cj Magnetosheath) Plasma sheaths (see also 94.30.cj Magnetosheath) Particle beam interactions in plasmas Particle beam interactions in plasmas Plasma production and heating (see also 52.80.-s Electric discharges) Plasma production and heating (see also 52.80.-s Electric discharges) Plasma sources Plasma sources Plasma heating by particle beams Plasma heating by particle beams Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.) Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.) Plasma production and heating by shock waves and compression Plasma production and heating by shock waves and compression Plasma heating by DC fields; ohmic heating, arcs Plasma heating by DC fields; ohmic heating, arcs Plasma heating by radio-frequency fields; ICR, ICP, helicons Plasma heating by radio-frequency fields; ICR, ICP, helicons Plasma heating by microwaves; ECR, LH, collisional heating Plasma heating by microwaves; ECR, LH, collisional heating Magnetic confinement and equilibrium (see also 28.52.-s Fusion reactors) Magnetic confinement and equilibrium (see also 28.52.-s Fusion reactors) General theory and basic studies of plasma lifetime, particle and heat loss, energy balance, field structure, etc. General theory and basic studies of plasma lifetime, particle and heat loss, energy balance, field structure, etc. Theta pinch Theta pinch Tokamaks, spherical tokamaks Tokamaks, spherical tokamaks Stellarators, torsatrons, heliacs, bumpy tori, and other toroidal confinement devices Stellarators, torsatrons, heliacs, bumpy tori, and other toroidal confinement devices Spheromaks Spheromaks Magnetic mirrors, gas dynamic traps Magnetic mirrors, gas dynamic traps Field-reversed configurations, rotamaks, astrons, ion rings, magnetized target fusion, and cusps Field-reversed configurations, rotamaks, astrons, ion rings, magnetized target fusion, and cusps Fusion products effects (e.g., alpha-particles, etc.), fast particle effects Fusion products effects (e.g., alpha-particles, etc.), fast particle effects Power exhaust; divertors Power exhaust; divertors Ideal and resistive MHD modes; kinetic modes Ideal and resistive MHD modes; kinetic modes Current drive; helicity injection Current drive; helicity injection Laser inertial confinement Laser inertial confinement Target design and fabrication Target design and fabrication Implosion symmetry and hydrodynamic instability (Rayleigh-Taylor, Richtmyer-Meshkov, imprint, etc.) Implosion symmetry and hydrodynamic instability (Rayleigh-Taylor, Richtmyer-Meshkov, imprint, etc.) Fast ignition of compressed fusion fuels Fast ignition of compressed fusion fuels Other confinement methods Other confinement methods Light-ion inertial confinement Light-ion inertial confinement Heavy-ion inertial confinement Heavy-ion inertial confinement Z-pinches, plasma focus, and other pinch devices Z-pinches, plasma focus, and other pinch devices Electrostatic and high-frequency confinement Electrostatic and high-frequency confinement Intense particle beams and radiation sources (see also 29.25.-t Particle sources and targets, and 29.27.-a Beams in particle accelerators, in instrumentation for elementary-particle and nuclear physics) Intense particle beams and radiation sources (see also 29.25.-t Particle sources and targets, and 29.27.-a Beams in particle accelerators, in instrumentation for elementary-particle and nuclear physics) Grid- and ion-diode-accelerated beams Grid- and ion-diode-accelerated beams Magneto-plasma accelerated plasmas Magneto-plasma accelerated plasmas Multistage accelerated heavy-ion beams Multistage accelerated heavy-ion beams Dense plasma focus Dense plasma focus High-voltage diodes (for high-current and high-voltage technology, see 84.70.+p) High-voltage diodes (for high-current and high-voltage technology, see 84.70.+p) Hard X-ray sources Hard X-ray sources Wire array Z-pinches Wire array Z-pinches Free-electron devices (for free-electron lasers, see 41.60.Cr) Free-electron devices (for free-electron lasers, see 41.60.Cr) Space-charge-dominated beams Space-charge-dominated beams Moderate-intensity beams Moderate-intensity beams Emittance-dominated beams Emittance-dominated beams Plasma devices for generation of coherent radiation Plasma devices for generation of coherent radiation Plasma simulation Plasma simulation Particle orbit and trajectory Particle orbit and trajectory Fokker-Planck and Vlasov equation Fokker-Planck and Vlasov equation Magnetohydrodynamic and fluid equation Magnetohydrodynamic and fluid equation Monte Carlo methods Monte Carlo methods Particle-in-cell method Particle-in-cell method Gyrofluid and gyrokinetic simulations Gyrofluid and gyrokinetic simulations Perturbative methods Perturbative methods Hybrid methods Hybrid methods Molecular dynamics methods Molecular dynamics methods Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation Electric and magnetic measurements Electric and magnetic measurements Radio-frequency and microwave measurements Radio-frequency and microwave measurements Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements X-ray and gamma-ray measurements X-ray and gamma-ray measurements Particle measurements Particle measurements Laboratory studies of space- and astrophysical-plasma processes (see also 94.05.Rx in space plasma physics) Laboratory studies of space- and astrophysical-plasma processes (see also 94.05.Rx in space plasma physics) Plasma devices (for ion sources, see 29.25.Lg, Ni; for plasma sources, see 52.50.Dg) Plasma devices (for ion sources, see 29.25.Lg, Ni; for plasma sources, see 52.50.Dg) Ion and plasma propulsion Ion and plasma propulsion Magnetohydrodynamic generators and thermionic convertors; plasma diodes (see also 84.60.Lw, Ny in direct-energy conversion and storage) Magnetohydrodynamic generators and thermionic convertors; plasma diodes (see also 84.60.Lw, Ny in direct-energy conversion and storage) Plasma torches Plasma torches Plasma switches (e.g., spark gaps) Plasma switches (e.g., spark gaps) Thermionic and filament-based sources (e.g., Q machines, double- and triple-plasma devices, etc.) Thermionic and filament-based sources (e.g., Q machines, double- and triple-plasma devices, etc.) Plasma applications Plasma applications Etching and cleaning (see also 81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning in surface treatments) Etching and cleaning (see also 81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning in surface treatments) Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition (see also 81.15.Jj Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition) Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition (see also 81.15.Jj Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition) High-pressure, high-current plasmas (plasma spray, arc welding, etc.) (see also 81.15.Rs Spray coating techniques) High-pressure, high-current plasmas (plasma spray, arc welding, etc.) (see also 81.15.Rs Spray coating techniques) Electric discharges (see also 51.50.+v Electrical properties of gases; for plasma reactions including flowing afterglow and electric discharges, see 82.33.Xj in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Electric discharges (see also 51.50.+v Electrical properties of gases; for plasma reactions including flowing afterglow and electric discharges, see 82.33.Xj in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Low-field and Townsend discharges Low-field and Townsend discharges Glow; corona Glow; corona Arcs; sparks; lightning; atmospheric electricity (see also 92.60.Pw Atmospheric electricity, lightning in meteorology) Arcs; sparks; lightning; atmospheric electricity (see also 92.60.Pw Atmospheric electricity, lightning in meteorology) High-frequency and RF discharges High-frequency and RF discharges Explosions; exploding wires Explosions; exploding wires Magnetoactive discharges (e.g., Penning discharges) Magnetoactive discharges (e.g., Penning discharges) Other gas discharges Other gas discharges Discharge in vacuum Discharge in vacuum Discharge in liquids and solids (for electric breakdown in liquids, see 77.22.Jp) Discharge in liquids and solids (for electric breakdown in liquids, see 77.22.Jp) Discharges for spectral sources (including inductively coupled plasma) Discharges for spectral sources (including inductively coupled plasma) Other topics in physics of plasmas and electric discharges (restricted to new topics in section 52) Other topics in physics of plasmas and electric discharges (restricted to new topics in section 52) CONDENSED MATTER: STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, AND THERMAL PROPERTIES CONDENSED MATTER: STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, AND THERMAL PROPERTIES Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography (for surface, interface, and thin film structure, see section 68) Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography (for surface, interface, and thin film structure, see section 68) Techniques for structure determination Techniques for structure determination X-ray diffraction and scattering (for x-ray diffractometers, see 07.85.Jy; for x-ray studies of crystal defects, see 61.72.Dd, Ff) X-ray diffraction and scattering (for x-ray diffractometers, see 07.85.Jy; for x-ray studies of crystal defects, see 61.72.Dd, Ff) Theories of x-ray diffraction and scattering Theories of x-ray diffraction and scattering X-ray scattering (including small-angle scattering) X-ray scattering (including small-angle scattering) X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS, NEXAFS, XANES, etc. (for x-ray and EXAFS applications in biological physics, see 87.64.kd) X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS, NEXAFS, XANES, etc. (for x-ray and EXAFS applications in biological physics, see 87.64.kd) X-ray reflectometry (surfaces, interfaces, films) X-ray reflectometry (surfaces, interfaces, films) X-ray diffraction X-ray diffraction Neutron diffraction and scattering Neutron diffraction and scattering Theories of neutron diffraction and scattering Theories of neutron diffraction and scattering Neutron scattering (including small-angle scattering) Neutron scattering (including small-angle scattering) Neutron reflectometry Neutron reflectometry Neutron diffraction Neutron diffraction Electron diffraction and scattering (for electron diffractometers, see 07.78.+s) Electron diffraction and scattering (for electron diffractometers, see 07.78.+s) Theories of electron diffraction and scattering Theories of electron diffraction and scattering Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) Convergent-beam electron diffraction, selected-area electron diffraction, nanodiffraction Convergent-beam electron diffraction, selected-area electron diffraction, nanodiffraction Electron holography Electron holography X-ray photoelectron diffraction X-ray photoelectron diffraction Atom, molecule, and ion scattering (for structure determination only) Atom, molecule, and ion scattering (for structure determination only) Magnetic resonance techniques; Mossbauer spectroscopy (for structure determination only) Magnetic resonance techniques; Mossbauer spectroscopy (for structure determination only) Structure of liquids Structure of liquids Theory and models of liquid structure Theory and models of liquid structure Computer simulation of liquid structure Computer simulation of liquid structure Time-dependent properties; relaxation (for glass transitions, see 64.70.P-) Time-dependent properties; relaxation (for glass transitions, see 64.70.P-) Structure of simple liquids Structure of simple liquids Structure of associated liquids: electrolytes, molten salts, etc. Structure of associated liquids: electrolytes, molten salts, etc. Studies of specific liquid structures Studies of specific liquid structures Liquid noble gases Liquid noble gases Molecular liquids Molecular liquids Macromolecular and polymers solutions; polymer melts Macromolecular and polymers solutions; polymer melts Polymer solutions Polymer solutions Polymer melts and blends Polymer melts and blends Polymer swelling, cross linking Polymer swelling, cross linking Liquid metals and alloys Liquid metals and alloys Liquid crystals (for phase transitions in liquid crystals, see 64.70.M-; for liquid crystals as dielectric materials, see 77.84.Nh; for liquid crystals as optical materials, see 42.70.Df; for liquid crystal devices, see 42.79.Kr) Liquid crystals (for phase transitions in liquid crystals, see 64.70.M-; for liquid crystals as dielectric materials, see 77.84.Nh; for liquid crystals as optical materials, see 42.70.Df; for liquid crystal devices, see 42.79.Kr) Molecular and microscopic models and theories of liquid crystal structure Molecular and microscopic models and theories of liquid crystal structure Continuum models and theories of liquid crystal structure Continuum models and theories of liquid crystal structure Experimental determinations of smectic, nematic, cholesteric, and other structures Experimental determinations of smectic, nematic, cholesteric, and other structures Orientational order of liquid crystals; electric and magnetic field effects on order Orientational order of liquid crystals; electric and magnetic field effects on order Surface phenomena: alignment, anchoring, anchoring transitions, surface-induced layering, surface-induced ordering, wetting, prewetting transitions, and wetting transitions Surface phenomena: alignment, anchoring, anchoring transitions, surface-induced layering, surface-induced ordering, wetting, prewetting transitions, and wetting transitions Defects in liquid crystals Defects in liquid crystals Blue phases and other defect-phases Blue phases and other defect-phases Microconfined liquid crystals: droplets, cylinders, randomly confined liquid crystals, polymer dispersed liquid crystals, and porous systems Microconfined liquid crystals: droplets, cylinders, randomly confined liquid crystals, polymer dispersed liquid crystals, and porous systems Lyotropic phases Lyotropic phases Polymer liquid crystals Polymer liquid crystals Polymers, elastomers, and plastics (see also 81.05.Lg in materials science; for rheology of polymers, see section 83; for polymer reactions and polymerization, see 82.35.-x in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Polymers, elastomers, and plastics (see also 81.05.Lg in materials science; for rheology of polymers, see section 83; for polymer reactions and polymerization, see 82.35.-x in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Disordered solids (see also 81.05.Gc Amorphous semiconductors, 81.05.Kf Glasses, and 81.05.Rm Porous materials; granular materials in materials science; for photoluminescence of disordered solids, see 78.55.Mb and 78.55.Qr) Disordered solids (see also 81.05.Gc Amorphous semiconductors, 81.05.Kf Glasses, and 81.05.Rm Porous materials; granular materials in materials science; for photoluminescence of disordered solids, see 78.55.Mb and 78.55.Qr) Structural modeling: serial-addition models, computer simulation Structural modeling: serial-addition models, computer simulation Amorphous semiconductors, metals, and alloys Amorphous semiconductors, metals, and alloys Other amorphous solids Other amorphous solids Glasses Glasses Powders, porous materials Powders, porous materials Fractals; macroscopic aggregates (including diffusion-limited aggregates) Fractals; macroscopic aggregates (including diffusion-limited aggregates) Semi-periodic solids Semi-periodic solids Quasicrystals Quasicrystals Incommensurate crystals Incommensurate crystals Structure of nanoscale materials (for thermal properties of nanocrystals and nanotubes, see 65.80.+n; for mechanical properties of nanoscale systems, see 62.25.-g; for electronic transport in nanoscale materials, see 73.63.-b; see also 62.23.-c Structural classes of nanoscale systems; 64.70.Nd Structural transitions in nanoscale materials) Structure of nanoscale materials (for thermal properties of nanocrystals and nanotubes, see 65.80.+n; for mechanical properties of nanoscale systems, see 62.25.-g; for electronic transport in nanoscale materials, see 73.63.-b; see also 62.23.-c Structural classes of nanoscale systems; 64.70.Nd Structural transitions in nanoscale materials) Structure of clusters (e.g., metcars; not fragments of crystals; free or loosely aggregated or loosely attached to a substrate) (see also 61.48.-c for structure of fullerenes) Structure of clusters (e.g., metcars; not fragments of crystals; free or loosely aggregated or loosely attached to a substrate) (see also 61.48.-c for structure of fullerenes) Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots) Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots) Nanotubes Nanotubes Nanocrystals Nanocrystals Structure of nanowires and nanorods (long, free or loosely attached, quantum wires and quantum rods, but not gate-isolated embedded quantum wires) Structure of nanowires and nanorods (long, free or loosely attached, quantum wires and quantum rods, but not gate-isolated embedded quantum wires) Structure of nanotubes (hollow nanowires) (see 61.48.De for carbon nanotubes, boron nanotubes, and closely related graphitelike systems) Structure of nanotubes (hollow nanowires) (see 61.48.De for carbon nanotubes, boron nanotubes, and closely related graphitelike systems) Structure of fullerenes and related hollow molecular clusters (see also 81.05.Tp Fullerenes and related materials in materials science) Structure of fullerenes and related hollow molecular clusters (see also 81.05.Tp Fullerenes and related materials in materials science) Structure of carbon nanotubes, boron nanotubes, and closely related graphitelike systems (for structure of hollow nanowires, see 61.46.Np) Structure of carbon nanotubes, boron nanotubes, and closely related graphitelike systems (for structure of hollow nanowires, see 61.46.Np) Structure of bulk crystals Structure of bulk crystals Theory of crystal structure, crystal symmetry; calculations and modeling Theory of crystal structure, crystal symmetry; calculations and modeling Crystallographic aspects of phase transformations; pressure effects (see also 81.30.Hd in materials science) Crystallographic aspects of phase transformations; pressure effects (see also 81.30.Hd in materials science) Crystal binding; cohesive energy Crystal binding; cohesive energy Crystal stoichiometry Crystal stoichiometry Structure of specific crystalline solids (for surface structure, see 68.35.B-) Structure of specific crystalline solids (for surface structure, see 68.35.B-) Elemental solids Elemental solids Alloys Alloys Inorganic compounds Inorganic compounds Organic compounds Organic compounds Crystallographic databases Crystallographic databases Defects and impurities in crystals; microstructure (for radiation induced defects, see 61.80.-x; for defects in surfaces, interfaces, and thin films, see 68.35.Dv and 68.55.Ln; see also 85.40.Ry Impurity doping, diffusion, and ion implantation technology) Defects and impurities in crystals; microstructure (for radiation induced defects, see 61.80.-x; for defects in surfaces, interfaces, and thin films, see 68.35.Dv and 68.55.Ln; see also 85.40.Ry Impurity doping, diffusion, and ion implantation technology) Theories and models of crystal defects Theories and models of crystal defects Kinetics of defect formation and annealing Kinetics of defect formation and annealing Experimental determination of defects by diffraction and scattering Experimental determination of defects by diffraction and scattering Direct observation of dislocations and other defects (etch pits, decoration, electron microscopy, x-ray topography, etc.) Direct observation of dislocations and other defects (etch pits, decoration, electron microscopy, x-ray topography, etc.) Indirect evidence of dislocations and other defects (resistivity, slip, creep, strains, internal friction, EPR, NMR, etc.) Indirect evidence of dislocations and other defects (resistivity, slip, creep, strains, internal friction, EPR, NMR, etc.) Point defects and defect clusters Point defects and defect clusters Vacancies Vacancies Interstitials Interstitials Color centers Color centers Linear defects: dislocations, disclinations Linear defects: dislocations, disclinations Grain and twin boundaries Grain and twin boundaries Stacking faults and other planar or extended defects Stacking faults and other planar or extended defects Microscopic defects (voids, inclusions, etc.) Microscopic defects (voids, inclusions, etc.) Impurities in crystals Impurities in crystals Impurity concentration Impurity concentration Impurity distribution Impurity distribution Impurity gradients Impurity gradients Doping and impurity implantation Doping and impurity implantation Ge and Si Ge and Si III-V and II-VI semiconductors III-V and II-VI semiconductors Other materials Other materials Interaction between different crystal defects; gettering effect Interaction between different crystal defects; gettering effect Physical radiation effects, radiation damage (for photochemical reactions, see 82.50.-m; for effects of ionizing radiation on biological systems, see 87.53.-j) Physical radiation effects, radiation damage (for photochemical reactions, see 82.50.-m; for effects of ionizing radiation on biological systems, see 87.53.-j) Theory and models of radiation effects Theory and models of radiation effects Ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation effects (including laser radiation) Ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation effects (including laser radiation) X-ray effects X-ray effects gamma-ray effects gamma-ray effects Electron and positron radiation effects Electron and positron radiation effects Neutron radiation effects Neutron radiation effects Ion radiation effects (for ion implantation, see 61.72.U-) Ion radiation effects (for ion implantation, see 61.72.U-) Atom and molecule irradiation effects Atom and molecule irradiation effects Radiation effects on specific materials Radiation effects on specific materials Metals and alloys Metals and alloys Semiconductors Semiconductors Insulators Insulators Polymers, organic compounds Polymers, organic compounds Nanocrystalline materials Nanocrystalline materials Channeling phenomena (blocking, energy loss, etc.) Channeling phenomena (blocking, energy loss, etc.) Other topics in structure of solids and liquids; crystallography (restricted to new topics in section 61) Other topics in structure of solids and liquids; crystallography (restricted to new topics in section 61) Mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter (for mechanical properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.R-; for mechanical properties of nanoscale systems, see 62.25.-g; for nonlinear acoustics of solids, see 43.25.Dc-in Acoustics Appendix; for mechanical and acoustical properties of interfaces and thin films, see 68.35.Gy, 68.35.Iv, and 68.60.Bs; for mechanical properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Jj, Lm, Np-in material science; for mechanical and acoustical properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Ld; for mechanical and acoustical properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Ba, Dc, and Lj) Mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter (for mechanical properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.R-; for mechanical properties of nanoscale systems, see 62.25.-g; for nonlinear acoustics of solids, see 43.25.Dc-in Acoustics Appendix; for mechanical and acoustical properties of interfaces and thin films, see 68.35.Gy, 68.35.Iv, and 68.60.Bs; for mechanical properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Jj, Lm, Np-in material science; for mechanical and acoustical properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Ld; for mechanical and acoustical properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Ba, Dc, and Lj) Mechanical properties of liquids (for viscosity of liquids, see 66.20.-d) Mechanical properties of liquids (for viscosity of liquids, see 66.20.-d) Mechanical properties of solids Mechanical properties of solids Elasticity (for materials treatment effects on elastic properties, see 81.40.Jj) Elasticity (for materials treatment effects on elastic properties, see 81.40.Jj) Elastic moduli Elastic moduli Poisson's ratio Poisson's ratio Other elastic constants Other elastic constants Deformation and plasticity (see also 83.50.-v Deformation and flow in rheology; for materials treatment effects on deformation, see 81.40.Lm) Deformation and plasticity (see also 83.50.-v Deformation and flow in rheology; for materials treatment effects on deformation, see 81.40.Lm) Shape-memory effect; yield stress; superelasticity Shape-memory effect; yield stress; superelasticity Ductility, malleability Ductility, malleability Plasticity and superplasticity Plasticity and superplasticity Creep Creep Structural failure of materials (for materials treatment effects on microstructure, see 81.40.Np) Structural failure of materials (for materials treatment effects on microstructure, see 81.40.Np) Fatigue Fatigue Brittleness Brittleness Fracture Fracture Buckling Buckling Cracks Cracks Friction, tribology, and hardness (see also 46.55.+d Tribology and mechanical contacts in continuum mechanics of solids; for materials treatment effects on friction related properties, see 81.40.Pq) Friction, tribology, and hardness (see also 46.55.+d Tribology and mechanical contacts in continuum mechanics of solids; for materials treatment effects on friction related properties, see 81.40.Pq) Structural classes of nanoscale systems (see also 81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization in materials science) Structural classes of nanoscale systems (see also 81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization in materials science) Nanodots Nanodots Nanowires Nanowires Nanosheets Nanosheets Composites (nanosystems embedded in a larger structure) Composites (nanosystems embedded in a larger structure) Complex nanostructures, including patterned or assembled structures Complex nanostructures, including patterned or assembled structures Mechanical properties of nanoscale systems (for structure of nanoscale systems, see 61.46.-w; for structural transitions in nanoscale materials, see 64.70.Nd; for electronic transport in nanoscale systems, see 73.63.-b) Mechanical properties of nanoscale systems (for structure of nanoscale systems, see 61.46.-w; for structural transitions in nanoscale materials, see 64.70.Nd; for electronic transport in nanoscale systems, see 73.63.-b) Low-frequency properties: response coefficients Low-frequency properties: response coefficients High-frequency properties, responses to resonant or transient (time-dependent) fields High-frequency properties, responses to resonant or transient (time-dependent) fields Mechanical modes of vibration Mechanical modes of vibration Fracture/brittleness Fracture/brittleness Mechanical and elastic waves; vibrations (see also 43.40.+s Structural acoustics and vibration; 46.40.-f Vibrations and mechanical waves in continuum mechanics of solids) Mechanical and elastic waves; vibrations (see also 43.40.+s Structural acoustics and vibration; 46.40.-f Vibrations and mechanical waves in continuum mechanics of solids) Anelasticity, internal friction, stress relaxation, and mechanical resonances (for materials treatment effects on anelasticity, see 81.40.Jj in materials science) Anelasticity, internal friction, stress relaxation, and mechanical resonances (for materials treatment effects on anelasticity, see 81.40.Jj in materials science) High-pressure effects in solids and liquids (for high pressure apparatus and techniques, see 07.35.+k; for high-pressure behavior of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Gf; for pressure treatments, see 81.40.Vw in materials science) High-pressure effects in solids and liquids (for high pressure apparatus and techniques, see 07.35.+k; for high-pressure behavior of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Gf; for pressure treatments, see 81.40.Vw in materials science) Shock wave effects in solids and liquids (for shock wave initiated high-pressure chemistry, see 82.40.Fp; see also 47.40.Nm Shock wave interactions and shock effects in fluid dynamics) Shock wave effects in solids and liquids (for shock wave initiated high-pressure chemistry, see 82.40.Fp; see also 47.40.Nm Shock wave interactions and shock effects in fluid dynamics) Acoustical properties of liquids (see also 43.35.+d in acoustics; 87.50.Y- Biological effects of acoustic and ultrasonic energy in biological and medical physics) Acoustical properties of liquids (see also 43.35.+d in acoustics; 87.50.Y- Biological effects of acoustic and ultrasonic energy in biological and medical physics) Acoustical properties of solids Acoustical properties of solids Ultrasonic relaxation (see also 43.35.Fj Ultrasonic relaxation processes in liquids and solids-in Acoustics Appendix; for ultrasonic attenuation in superconductors, see 74.25.Ld) Ultrasonic relaxation (see also 43.35.Fj Ultrasonic relaxation processes in liquids and solids-in Acoustics Appendix; for ultrasonic attenuation in superconductors, see 74.25.Ld) Other topics in mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 62) Other topics in mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 62) Lattice dynamics (see also 78.30.-j Infrared and Raman spectra; for surface and interface vibrations, see 68.35.Ja; for adsorbate vibrations, see 68.43.Pq; for lattice dynamics of quantum solids, see 67.80.de) Lattice dynamics (see also 78.30.-j Infrared and Raman spectra; for surface and interface vibrations, see 68.35.Ja; for adsorbate vibrations, see 68.43.Pq; for lattice dynamics of quantum solids, see 67.80.de) General theory General theory Phonons in crystal lattices (for phonons in superconductors, see 74.25.Kc; see also 43.35.Gk Phonons in crystal lattice, quantum acoustics-in Acoustics Appendix) Phonons in crystal lattices (for phonons in superconductors, see 74.25.Kc; see also 43.35.Gk Phonons in crystal lattice, quantum acoustics-in Acoustics Appendix) Phonon states and bands, normal modes, and phonon dispersion Phonon states and bands, normal modes, and phonon dispersion Measurements Measurements Fitted theory Fitted theory First-principles theory First-principles theory Phonon interactions Phonon interactions Phonon-electron interactions Phonon-electron interactions Phonon-phonon interactions Phonon-phonon interactions Phonon interactions with other quasiparticles Phonon interactions with other quasiparticles Phonon-defect interactions Phonon-defect interactions Localized modes Localized modes Anharmonic lattice modes Anharmonic lattice modes Phonons or vibrational states in low-dimensional structures and nanoscale materials Phonons or vibrational states in low-dimensional structures and nanoscale materials Free films Free films Nanotubes and nanowires Nanotubes and nanowires Clusters and nanocrystals Clusters and nanocrystals Layered systems Layered systems Vibrational states in disordered systems Vibrational states in disordered systems Disordered crystalline alloys Disordered crystalline alloys Glasses and amorphous solids Glasses and amorphous solids Statistical mechanics of lattice vibrations and displacive phase transitions Statistical mechanics of lattice vibrations and displacive phase transitions Other topics in lattice dynamics (restricted to new topics in section 63) Other topics in lattice dynamics (restricted to new topics in section 63) Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions (see also 82.60.-s Chemical thermodynamics) Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions (see also 82.60.-s Chemical thermodynamics) General theory of equations of state and phase equilibria (see also 05.70.Ce Thermodynamic functions and equations of state) General theory of equations of state and phase equilibria (see also 05.70.Ce Thermodynamic functions and equations of state) Equations of state of specific substances Equations of state of specific substances Equations of state of pure metals and alloys Equations of state of pure metals and alloys Equations of state of nonmetals Equations of state of nonmetals General studies of phase transitions (see also 63.70.+h Statistical mechanics of lattice vibrations and displacive phase transitions; for critical phenomena in solid surfaces and interfaces, and in magnetism, see 68.35.Rh, and 75.40.-s, respectively) General studies of phase transitions (see also 63.70.+h Statistical mechanics of lattice vibrations and displacive phase transitions; for critical phenomena in solid surfaces and interfaces, and in magnetism, see 68.35.Rh, and 75.40.-s, respectively) Specific approaches applied to studies of phase transitions Specific approaches applied to studies of phase transitions Renormalization-group theory Renormalization-group theory Percolation Percolation Fractal and multifractal systems (see also 61.43.Hv Fractals; macroscopic aggregates) Fractal and multifractal systems (see also 61.43.Hv Fractals; macroscopic aggregates) Finite-size systems Finite-size systems Networks Networks Convolution Convolution Cracks, sandpiles, avalanches, and earthquakes (for general studies of sandpiles and avalanches, see 45.70.Cc, Ht in classical mechanics of discrete systems; see also 91.30.Px Earthquakes in geophysics) Cracks, sandpiles, avalanches, and earthquakes (for general studies of sandpiles and avalanches, see 45.70.Cc, Ht in classical mechanics of discrete systems; see also 91.30.Px Earthquakes in geophysics) General theory of phase transitions General theory of phase transitions Order-disorder transformations (see also 81.30.Hd Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder in materials science) Order-disorder transformations (see also 81.30.Hd Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder in materials science) Statistical mechanics of model systems (Ising model, Potts model, field-theory models, Monte Carlo techniques, etc) Statistical mechanics of model systems (Ising model, Potts model, field-theory models, Monte Carlo techniques, etc) Studies/theory of phase transitions of specific substances Studies/theory of phase transitions of specific substances Equilibrium properties near critical points, critical exponents Equilibrium properties near critical points, critical exponents General theory of critical region behavior General theory of critical region behavior Studies of specific substances in the critical region Studies of specific substances in the critical region Dynamic critical phenomena Dynamic critical phenomena Multicritical points Multicritical points Metastable phases Metastable phases Nucleation (see also 82.60.Nh Thermodynamics of nucleation in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Nucleation (see also 82.60.Nh Thermodynamics of nucleation in physical chemistry and chemical physics) General theory and computer simulations of nucleation General theory and computer simulations of nucleation Studies of nucleation in specific substances Studies of nucleation in specific substances Specific phase transitions Specific phase transitions Solid-liquid transitions Solid-liquid transitions Crystallization of specific substances Crystallization of specific substances Melting of specific substances Melting of specific substances General theory of the solid-liquid transition General theory of the solid-liquid transition Liquid-vapor transitions Liquid-vapor transitions Boiling and bubble dynamics (for bubble formation, bubble dynamics, boiling and cavitation, see section 47.55.D-; for acoustic cavitation, see 43.35.Ei in Acoustics Appendix) Boiling and bubble dynamics (for bubble formation, bubble dynamics, boiling and cavitation, see section 47.55.D-; for acoustic cavitation, see 43.35.Ei in Acoustics Appendix) Thermodynamics studies of evaporation and condensation (for evaporation and condensation on surfaces, see 68.03.Fg) Thermodynamics studies of evaporation and condensation (for evaporation and condensation on surfaces, see 68.03.Fg) Solid-vapor transitions Solid-vapor transitions Liquid-liquid transitions Liquid-liquid transitions Solid-solid transitions (see also 61.50.Ks Crystallographic aspects of phase transformations; pressure effects; 75.30.Kz and 77.80.Bh for magnetic and ferroelectric transitions, respectively; for material science aspects, see 81.30.-t) Solid-solid transitions (see also 61.50.Ks Crystallographic aspects of phase transformations; pressure effects; 75.30.Kz and 77.80.Bh for magnetic and ferroelectric transitions, respectively; for material science aspects, see 81.30.-t) Metals and alloys Metals and alloys Semiconductors Semiconductors Glasses Glasses Polymers Polymers Ionic crystals Ionic crystals Molecular crystals Molecular crystals Transitions in liquid crystals Transitions in liquid crystals Theory and modeling of specific liquid crystal transitions, including computer simulation Theory and modeling of specific liquid crystal transitions, including computer simulation Experimental studies of liquid crystal transitions Experimental studies of liquid crystal transitions Structural transitions in nanoscale materials Structural transitions in nanoscale materials Glass transitions of specific systems Glass transitions of specific systems Metallic glasses Metallic glasses Nonmetallic glasses (silicates, oxides, selenides, etc) Nonmetallic glasses (silicates, oxides, selenides, etc) Polymers Polymers Liquids Liquids Liquid crystals (see also 64.70.M- Transitions in liquid crystals) Liquid crystals (see also 64.70.M- Transitions in liquid crystals) Granules Granules Colloids Colloids Theory and modeling of the glass transition Theory and modeling of the glass transition Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics Dynamics and criticality Dynamics and criticality Commensurate-incommensurate transitions Commensurate-incommensurate transitions Quantum phase transitions (for quantum Hall effects aspects, see 73.43.Nq in electronic structure of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low dimensional structures) Quantum phase transitions (for quantum Hall effects aspects, see 73.43.Nq in electronic structure of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low dimensional structures) Phase equilibria (see also 82.60.Lf Thermodynamics of solutions; 47.51.+a Mixing in fluid dynamics; for properties of solutions of biomolecules, see 87.15.N- in biological physics) Phase equilibria (see also 82.60.Lf Thermodynamics of solutions; 47.51.+a Mixing in fluid dynamics; for properties of solutions of biomolecules, see 87.15.N- in biological physics) Solubility Solubility Phase equilibria of fluid mixtures, including gases, hydrates, etc. Phase equilibria of fluid mixtures, including gases, hydrates, etc. Mixing Mixing Phase separation and segregation in model systems (hard spheres, Lennard-Jones, etc.) Phase separation and segregation in model systems (hard spheres, Lennard-Jones, etc.) Phase separation and segregation in nanoscale systems (for general nanoscale materials studies, see 81.07.-b in materials science) Phase separation and segregation in nanoscale systems (for general nanoscale materials studies, see 81.07.-b in materials science) Phase separation and segregation in oxidation (for general surface oxidation studies in surface treatments, see 81.65.Mq) Phase separation and segregation in oxidation (for general surface oxidation studies in surface treatments, see 81.65.Mq) Phase separation and segregation in solid solutions Phase separation and segregation in solid solutions Phase separation and segregation in alloying Phase separation and segregation in alloying Phase separation and segregation in semiconductors Phase separation and segregation in semiconductors Phase separation and segregation in thin films Phase separation and segregation in thin films Phase separation and segregation in polymer blends/polymeric solutions Phase separation and segregation in polymer blends/polymeric solutions Phase separation and segregation in colloidal systems Phase separation and segregation in colloidal systems Self-assembly Self-assembly Other topics in equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions (restricted to new topics in section 64) Other topics in equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions (restricted to new topics in section 64) Thermal properties of condensed matter (see also section 44 Heat transfer; for thermodynamic properties of quantum fluids and solids, see section 67; for thermal properties of thin films, see 68.60.Dv; for nonelectronic thermal conduction, see 66.25.+g and 66.70.-f; for thermal properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Ki; for thermodynamic properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Bt; see also 87.19.Pp Biothermics and thermal processes in biological physics) Thermal properties of condensed matter (see also section 44 Heat transfer; for thermodynamic properties of quantum fluids and solids, see section 67; for thermal properties of thin films, see 68.60.Dv; for nonelectronic thermal conduction, see 66.25.+g and 66.70.-f; for thermal properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Ki; for thermodynamic properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Bt; see also 87.19.Pp Biothermics and thermal processes in biological physics) Thermal properties of liquids Thermal properties of liquids General theory of thermodynamic properties of liquids, including computer simulation General theory of thermodynamic properties of liquids, including computer simulation Studies of thermodynamic properties of specific liquids Studies of thermodynamic properties of specific liquids Thermal properties of crystalline solids (for specific heat of superconductors, see 74.25.Bt; for specific heat of magnetic systems, see 75.40.Cx) Thermal properties of crystalline solids (for specific heat of superconductors, see 74.25.Bt; for specific heat of magnetic systems, see 75.40.Cx) Heat capacity Heat capacity Thermal expansion; thermomechanical effects Thermal expansion; thermomechanical effects Other thermodynamical quantities (for magnetocaloric effect, see 75.30.Sg; for properties of dielectrics, ferroelectrics, and piezoelectrics, see section 77) Other thermodynamical quantities (for magnetocaloric effect, see 75.30.Sg; for properties of dielectrics, ferroelectrics, and piezoelectrics, see section 77) Entropy Entropy Work functions Work functions Electrochemical properties (for general electrochemistry, see 82.45.-h) Electrochemical properties (for general electrochemistry, see 82.45.-h) Surface energy (see also 68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies in surfaces and interfaces) Surface energy (see also 68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies in surfaces and interfaces) Thermal properties of amorphous solids and glasses: heat capacity, thermal expansion, etc. Thermal properties of amorphous solids and glasses: heat capacity, thermal expansion, etc. Thermal properties of small particles, nanocrystals, and nanotubes (see also 82.60.Qr Thermodynamics of nanoparticles in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Thermal properties of small particles, nanocrystals, and nanotubes (see also 82.60.Qr Thermodynamics of nanoparticles in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Other topics in thermal properties of condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 65) Other topics in thermal properties of condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 65) Nonelectronic transport properties of condensed matter Nonelectronic transport properties of condensed matter Diffusion and ionic conduction in liquids Diffusion and ionic conduction in liquids Diffusion and thermal diffusion (for osmosis in biological systems, see 82.39.Wj in physical chemistry; for cellular transport, see 87.16.dp and 87.16.Uv in biological physics) Diffusion and thermal diffusion (for osmosis in biological systems, see 82.39.Wj in physical chemistry; for cellular transport, see 87.16.dp and 87.16.Uv in biological physics) Thermal diffusion and diffusive energy transport Thermal diffusion and diffusive energy transport Mass diffusion, including self-diffusion, mutual diffusion, tracer diffusion, etc. Mass diffusion, including self-diffusion, mutual diffusion, tracer diffusion, etc. Ionic conduction Ionic conduction Viscosity of liquids; diffusive momentum transport Viscosity of liquids; diffusive momentum transport Theory and modeling of viscosity and rheological properties, including computer simulation Theory and modeling of viscosity and rheological properties, including computer simulation Studies of viscosity and rheological properties of specific liquids Studies of viscosity and rheological properties of specific liquids Diffusive momentum transport Diffusive momentum transport Thermal conduction in nonmetallic liquids (for thermal conduction in liquid metals, see 72.15.Cz) Thermal conduction in nonmetallic liquids (for thermal conduction in liquid metals, see 72.15.Cz) Diffusion in solids (for surface and interface diffusion, see 68.35.Fx) Diffusion in solids (for surface and interface diffusion, see 68.35.Fx) Theory of diffusion and ionic conduction in solids Theory of diffusion and ionic conduction in solids Self-diffusion in metals, semimetals, and alloys Self-diffusion in metals, semimetals, and alloys Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals Ionic crystals Ionic crystals Glasses Glasses Polymers Polymers Molecular crystals Molecular crystals Diffusion of impurities (for surface diffusion, hopping, sorption, etc., see 68.35.Fx; see section 72 for carrier diffusion and electron-hole diffusion) Diffusion of impurities (for surface diffusion, hopping, sorption, etc., see 68.35.Fx; see section 72 for carrier diffusion and electron-hole diffusion) Diffusion of gases Diffusion of gases Diffusion of water Diffusion of water Proton diffusion Proton diffusion Diffusion of other defects Diffusion of other defects Diffusion in quantum solids (supersolidity) (see also 67.80.dj Defects, impurities, and diffusion in quantum fluids and solids) Diffusion in quantum solids (supersolidity) (see also 67.80.dj Defects, impurities, and diffusion in quantum fluids and solids) Chemical interdiffusion; diffusion barriers Chemical interdiffusion; diffusion barriers Diffusion in nanoscale solids Diffusion in nanoscale solids Electromigration Electromigration Thermal diffusivity Thermal diffusivity Quantum tunneling of defects Quantum tunneling of defects Nonelectronic thermal conduction and heat-pulse propagation in solids; thermal waves (for electronic thermal conduction in metals and alloys, see 72.15.Cz and 72.15.Eb) Nonelectronic thermal conduction and heat-pulse propagation in solids; thermal waves (for electronic thermal conduction in metals and alloys, see 72.15.Cz and 72.15.Eb) Metals, alloys, and semiconductors Metals, alloys, and semiconductors Glasses and polymers Glasses and polymers Other systems such as ionic crystals, molecular crystals, nanotubes, etc. Other systems such as ionic crystals, molecular crystals, nanotubes, etc. Other topics in nonelectronic transport properties of condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 66) Other topics in nonelectronic transport properties of condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 66) Quantum fluids and solids (see also 05.30.-d Quantum statistical mechanics; for cryogenics, refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment, see 07.20.Mc; see also 47.37.+q Hydrodynamic aspects of superfluidity; quantum fluids-in fluid dynamics) Quantum fluids and solids (see also 05.30.-d Quantum statistical mechanics; for cryogenics, refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment, see 07.20.Mc; see also 47.37.+q Hydrodynamic aspects of superfluidity; quantum fluids-in fluid dynamics) Quantum fluids: general properties Quantum fluids: general properties Boson degeneracy (for ultracold, trapped gases, see 67.85.-d) Boson degeneracy (for ultracold, trapped gases, see 67.85.-d) Fermion degeneracy Fermion degeneracy Quantum statistical theory Quantum statistical theory Quantum effects on the structure and dynamics of non-degenerate fluids Quantum effects on the structure and dynamics of non-degenerate fluids Transport properties and hydrodynamics Transport properties and hydrodynamics <sup<4</sup<He <sup<4</sup<He Normal phase of <sup<4</sup<He Normal phase of <sup<4</sup<He Thermodynamic properties Thermodynamic properties Transport, hydrodynamics Transport, hydrodynamics Films and restricted geometries Films and restricted geometries Superfluid phase Superfluid phase Thermodynamic properties Thermodynamic properties Transport, hydrodynamics, and superflow Transport, hydrodynamics, and superflow Superfluid transition and critical phenomena Superfluid transition and critical phenomena Vortices and turbulence Vortices and turbulence Two-fluid model; phenomenology Two-fluid model; phenomenology Films Films Restricted geometries Restricted geometries Sound and excitations Sound and excitations Relaxation phenomena Relaxation phenomena Superfluidity in small clusters Superfluidity in small clusters <sup<3</sup<He <sup<3</sup<He Normal phase of <sup<3</sup<He Normal phase of <sup<3</sup<He Thermodynamics Thermodynamics Transport and hydrodynamics Transport and hydrodynamics Films and restricted geometries Films and restricted geometries Excitations Excitations Spin polarized <sup<3</sup<He Spin polarized <sup<3</sup<He Magnetic properties, NMR Magnetic properties, NMR Superfluid phase of <sup<3</sup<He Superfluid phase of <sup<3</sup<He Transport, hydrodynamics, and superflow Transport, hydrodynamics, and superflow Textures and vortices Textures and vortices Spin dynamics Spin dynamics Impurities Impurities Interfaces Interfaces Films Films Restricted geometries Restricted geometries Mixtures of <sup<3</sup<He and <sup<4</sup<He Mixtures of <sup<3</sup<He and <sup<4</sup<He Boson mixtures Boson mixtures Bose-Fermi mixtures Bose-Fermi mixtures Solutions of <sup<3</sup<He in liquid <sup<4</sup<He Solutions of <sup<3</sup<He in liquid <sup<4</sup<He Spin polarized solutions Spin polarized solutions Films Films Restricted geometries Restricted geometries Hydrogen and isotopes Hydrogen and isotopes Molecular hydrogen and isotopes Molecular hydrogen and isotopes Atomic hydrogen and isotopes Atomic hydrogen and isotopes Quantum solids Quantum solids Solid <sup<4</sup<He Solid <sup<4</sup<He Superfluidity in solid <sup<4</sup<He, supersolid <sup<4</sup<He Superfluidity in solid <sup<4</sup<He, supersolid <sup<4</sup<He Liquid-solid interfaces; growth kinetics Liquid-solid interfaces; growth kinetics Solid <sup<3</sup<He Solid <sup<3</sup<He Structure, lattice dynamics and sound Structure, lattice dynamics and sound Defects, impurities, and diffusion Defects, impurities, and diffusion Magnetic properties, phases, and NMR Magnetic properties, phases, and NMR Films Films Solids of hydrogen and isotopes Solids of hydrogen and isotopes Molecular hydrogen and isotopes Molecular hydrogen and isotopes Atomic hydrogen and isotopes Atomic hydrogen and isotopes Other supersolids Other supersolids Supersolid phases on lattices Supersolid phases on lattices Ultracold gases, trapped gases (see also 03.75.-b Matter waves in quantum mechanics) Ultracold gases, trapped gases (see also 03.75.-b Matter waves in quantum mechanics) Static properties of condensates Static properties of condensates Dynamic properties of condensates; excitations, and superfluid flow Dynamic properties of condensates; excitations, and superfluid flow Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates Bose-Einstein condensates in optical potentials Bose-Einstein condensates in optical potentials Other Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena Other Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena Degenerate Fermi gases Degenerate Fermi gases Mixtures of Bose and Fermi gases Mixtures of Bose and Fermi gases Other topics in quantum fluids and solids (restricted to new topics in section 67) Other topics in quantum fluids and solids (restricted to new topics in section 67) Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and nanosystems (structure and nonelectronic properties) (for surface and interface chemistry, see 82.65.+r, for surface magnetism, see 75.70.Rf) Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and nanosystems (structure and nonelectronic properties) (for surface and interface chemistry, see 82.65.+r, for surface magnetism, see 75.70.Rf) Gas-liquid and vacuum-liquid interfaces Gas-liquid and vacuum-liquid interfaces Surface tension and related phenomena Surface tension and related phenomena Evaporation and condensation of liquids Evaporation and condensation of liquids Liquid surface structure: measurements and simulations Liquid surface structure: measurements and simulations Dynamics (capillary waves) Dynamics (capillary waves) Liquid-liquid interfaces Liquid-liquid interfaces Liquid-liquid interface structure: measurements and simulations Liquid-liquid interface structure: measurements and simulations Interfacial properties of microemulsions Interfacial properties of microemulsions Liquid-solid interfaces Liquid-solid interfaces Wetting Wetting Liquid-solid interface structure: measurements and simulations (for crystal growth from solutions and melts, see 81.10.Dn, Fq in materials science) Liquid-solid interface structure: measurements and simulations (for crystal growth from solutions and melts, see 81.10.Dn, Fq in materials science) Liquid thin films Liquid thin films Langmuir-Blodgett films on liquids (for L-B films on solids, see 68.47.Pe) Langmuir-Blodgett films on liquids (for L-B films on solids, see 68.47.Pe) Liquid thin film structure: measurements and simulations Liquid thin film structure: measurements and simulations Phase transitions in liquid thin films Phase transitions in liquid thin films Solid surfaces and solid-solid interfaces: structure and energetics Solid surfaces and solid-solid interfaces: structure and energetics Atomic scale friction Atomic scale friction Structure of clean surfaces (and surface reconstruction) Structure of clean surfaces (and surface reconstruction) Metals and alloys Metals and alloys Semiconductors Semiconductors Amorphous semiconductors, glasses Amorphous semiconductors, glasses Polymers, organics Polymers, organics Fullerenes Fullerenes Other materials Other materials Interface structure and roughness Interface structure and roughness Composition, segregation; defects and impurities Composition, segregation; defects and impurities Diffusion; interface formation (see also 66.30.-h Diffusion in solids, for diffusion of adsorbates, see 68.43.Jk) Diffusion; interface formation (see also 66.30.-h Diffusion in solids, for diffusion of adsorbates, see 68.43.Jk) Mechanical properties; surface strains Mechanical properties; surface strains Acoustical properties Acoustical properties Surface and interface dynamics and vibrations Surface and interface dynamics and vibrations Surface thermodynamics, surface energies (see also 05.70.Np Interface and surface thermodynamics in statistical physics, thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamical systems; 65.40.gp Surface energy in thermal properties of condensed matter) Surface thermodynamics, surface energies (see also 05.70.Np Interface and surface thermodynamics in statistical physics, thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamical systems; 65.40.gp Surface energy in thermal properties of condensed matter) Adhesion (for polymer adhesion, see 82.35.Gh: for cell adhesion, see 87.17.Rt in biological physics) Adhesion (for polymer adhesion, see 82.35.Gh: for cell adhesion, see 87.17.Rt in biological physics) Phase transitions and critical phenomena Phase transitions and critical phenomena Microscopy of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films Microscopy of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films Scanning tunneling microscopy (including chemistry induced with STM) Scanning tunneling microscopy (including chemistry induced with STM) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (including EBIC) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (including EBIC) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) Low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) Low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) Atomic force microscopy (AFM) Atomic force microscopy (AFM) Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) Acoustic force microscopy Acoustic force microscopy Near-field scanning microscopy and spectroscopy Near-field scanning microscopy and spectroscopy Field emission and field-ion microscopy Field emission and field-ion microscopy Scanning Auger microscopy, photoelectron microscopy Scanning Auger microscopy, photoelectron microscopy X-ray microscopy X-ray microscopy Chemisorption/physisorption: adsorbates on surfaces Chemisorption/physisorption: adsorbates on surfaces <i<Ab initio</i< calculations of adsorbate structure and reactions (for electronic structure of adsorbates, see 73.20.Hb; for adsorbate reactions, see also 82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces) <i<Ab initio</i< calculations of adsorbate structure and reactions (for electronic structure of adsorbates, see 73.20.Hb; for adsorbate reactions, see also 82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces) Statistical mechanics of adsorbates Statistical mechanics of adsorbates Adsorbate structure (binding sites, geometry) Adsorbate structure (binding sites, geometry) Structure of assemblies of adsorbates (two- and three-dimensional clustering) Structure of assemblies of adsorbates (two- and three-dimensional clustering) Diffusion of adsorbates, kinetics of coarsening and aggregation Diffusion of adsorbates, kinetics of coarsening and aggregation Adsorption kinetics Adsorption kinetics Desorption kinetics Desorption kinetics Adsorbate vibrations Adsorbate vibrations Electron stimulated desorption Electron stimulated desorption Photon stimulated desorption Photon stimulated desorption Thermal desorption Thermal desorption Solid-gas/vacuum interfaces: types of surfaces Solid-gas/vacuum interfaces: types of surfaces Metallic surfaces Metallic surfaces Semiconductor surfaces Semiconductor surfaces Oxide surfaces Oxide surfaces Clusters on oxide surfaces Clusters on oxide surfaces Polymer surfaces Polymer surfaces Langmuir-Blodgett films on solids; polymers on surfaces; biological molecules on surfaces Langmuir-Blodgett films on solids; polymers on surfaces; biological molecules on surfaces Surface characterization by particle-surface scattering (see also 34.35.+a Interactions of atoms and molecules with surfaces) Surface characterization by particle-surface scattering (see also 34.35.+a Interactions of atoms and molecules with surfaces) Atom scattering from surfaces (diffraction and energy transfer) Atom scattering from surfaces (diffraction and energy transfer) Molecule scattering from surfaces (energy transfer, resonances, trapping) Molecule scattering from surfaces (energy transfer, resonances, trapping) Electron scattering from surfaces Electron scattering from surfaces Ion scattering from surfaces (charge transfer, sputtering, SIMS) Ion scattering from surfaces (charge transfer, sputtering, SIMS) X-ray standing waves X-ray standing waves Thin film structure and morphology (for methods of thin film deposition, film growth and epitaxy, see 81.15.-z) Thin film structure and morphology (for methods of thin film deposition, film growth and epitaxy, see 81.15.-z) Nucleation and growth Nucleation and growth Semiconductors Semiconductors Insulators Insulators Polymers and organics Polymers and organics Fullerenes Fullerenes Other materials Other materials Morphology of films Morphology of films Thickness Thickness Texture Texture Defects and impurities: doping, implantation, distribution, concentration, etc. (for diffusion of impurities, see 66.30.J-) Defects and impurities: doping, implantation, distribution, concentration, etc. (for diffusion of impurities, see 66.30.J-) Composition and phase identification Composition and phase identification Physical properties of thin films, nonelectronic Physical properties of thin films, nonelectronic Mechanical and acoustical properties Mechanical and acoustical properties Thermal stability; thermal effects Thermal stability; thermal effects Other nonelectronic physical properties Other nonelectronic physical properties Low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems: structure and nonelectronic properties (for structure of nanoscale materials, see 61.46.-w; for magnetic properties of interfaces, see 75.70.Cn; for superconducting properties, see 74.78.-w; for optical properties, see 78.67.-n; for transport properties, see 73.63.-b; for thermal properties of nanocrystals and nanotubes, see 65.80.+n; for mechanical properties of nanoscale systems, see 62.25.-g) Low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems: structure and nonelectronic properties (for structure of nanoscale materials, see 61.46.-w; for magnetic properties of interfaces, see 75.70.Cn; for superconducting properties, see 74.78.-w; for optical properties, see 78.67.-n; for transport properties, see 73.63.-b; for thermal properties of nanocrystals and nanotubes, see 65.80.+n; for mechanical properties of nanoscale systems, see 62.25.-g) Multilayers Multilayers Superlattices Superlattices Quantum wells Quantum wells Quantum dots (patterned in quantum wells) Quantum dots (patterned in quantum wells) Quantum wires (patterned in quantum wells) Quantum wires (patterned in quantum wells) Whiskers and dendrites (growth, structure, and nonelectronic properties) Whiskers and dendrites (growth, structure, and nonelectronic properties) Other topics in structure, and nonelectronic properties of surfaces and interfaces; thin films and low-dimensional structures (restricted to new topics in section 68) Other topics in structure, and nonelectronic properties of surfaces and interfaces; thin films and low-dimensional structures (restricted to new topics in section 68) CONDENSED MATTER: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES CONDENSED MATTER: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES Electronic structure of bulk materials (see section 73 for electronic structure of surfaces, interfaces, low-dimensional structures, and nanomaterials; for electronic structure of superconductors, see 74.25.Jb) Electronic structure of bulk materials (see section 73 for electronic structure of surfaces, interfaces, low-dimensional structures, and nanomaterials; for electronic structure of superconductors, see 74.25.Jb) Theories and models of many-electron systems Theories and models of many-electron systems Fermi-liquid theory and other phenomenological models Fermi-liquid theory and other phenomenological models Electron gas, Fermi gas Electron gas, Fermi gas Lattice fermion models (Hubbard model, etc.) Lattice fermion models (Hubbard model, etc.) Non-Fermi-liquid ground states, electron phase diagrams and phase transitions in model systems Non-Fermi-liquid ground states, electron phase diagrams and phase transitions in model systems Excited states and pairing interactions in model systems Excited states and pairing interactions in model systems Fermions in reduced dimensions (anyons, composite fermions, Luttinger liquid, etc.) (for anyon mechanism in superconductors, see 74.20.Mn) Fermions in reduced dimensions (anyons, composite fermions, Luttinger liquid, etc.) (for anyon mechanism in superconductors, see 74.20.Mn) Methods of electronic structure calculations (see also 31.15.-p Calculations and mathematical techniques in atomic and molecular physics) Methods of electronic structure calculations (see also 31.15.-p Calculations and mathematical techniques in atomic and molecular physics) Basis sets (LCAO, plane-wave, APW, etc.) and related methodology (scattering methods, ASA, linearized methods, etc.) Basis sets (LCAO, plane-wave, APW, etc.) and related methodology (scattering methods, ASA, linearized methods, etc.) Computational methodology (Brillouin zone sampling, iterative diagonalization, pseudopotential construction) Computational methodology (Brillouin zone sampling, iterative diagonalization, pseudopotential construction) Density functional theory, local density approximation, gradient and other corrections Density functional theory, local density approximation, gradient and other corrections Total energy and cohesive energy calculations Total energy and cohesive energy calculations Molecular dynamics calculations (Car-Parrinello) and other numerical simulations Molecular dynamics calculations (Car-Parrinello) and other numerical simulations Excited states: methodology (see also 71.10.Li Excited states and pairing interactions in model systems) Excited states: methodology (see also 71.10.Li Excited states and pairing interactions in model systems) Relativistic effects [see also 31.30.J- Relativistic and quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions] Relativistic effects [see also 31.30.J- Relativistic and quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions] Fermi surface: calculations and measurements; effective mass, g factor Fermi surface: calculations and measurements; effective mass, g factor Electron density of states and band structure of crystalline solids Electron density of states and band structure of crystalline solids Transition metals and alloys Transition metals and alloys Alkali and alkaline earth metals Alkali and alkaline earth metals Rare earth metals and alloys Rare earth metals and alloys Other metals and alloys Other metals and alloys Intermetallic compounds Intermetallic compounds Elemental semiconductors Elemental semiconductors Semiconductor compounds Semiconductor compounds Other inorganic compounds Other inorganic compounds Polymers and organic compounds Polymers and organic compounds Fullerenes and related materials; intercalation compounds Fullerenes and related materials; intercalation compounds Electronic structure of liquid metals and semiconductors and their alloys Electronic structure of liquid metals and semiconductors and their alloys Electronic structure of disordered solids Electronic structure of disordered solids Theories and models; localized states Theories and models; localized states Amorphous semiconductors, metallic glasses, glasses Amorphous semiconductors, metallic glasses, glasses Quasicrystals Quasicrystals Strongly correlated electron systems; heavy fermions Strongly correlated electron systems; heavy fermions Narrow-band systems; intermediate-valence solids (for magnetic aspects, see 75.20.Hr and 75.30.Mb in magnetic properties and materials) Narrow-band systems; intermediate-valence solids (for magnetic aspects, see 75.20.Hr and 75.30.Mb in magnetic properties and materials) Metal-insulator transitions and other electronic transitions Metal-insulator transitions and other electronic transitions Excitons and related phenomena Excitons and related phenomena Frenkel excitons and self-trapped excitons Frenkel excitons and self-trapped excitons Intrinsic properties of excitons; optical absorption spectra Intrinsic properties of excitons; optical absorption spectra Electron-hole drops and electron-hole plasma Electron-hole drops and electron-hole plasma Exciton-mediated interactions Exciton-mediated interactions Excitons in magnetic fields; magnetoexcitons Excitons in magnetic fields; magnetoexcitons Collective effects (Bose effects, phase space filling, and excitonic phase transitions) Collective effects (Bose effects, phase space filling, and excitonic phase transitions) Charged excitons (trions) Charged excitons (trions) Polaritons (including photon-phonon and photon-magnon interactions) Polaritons (including photon-phonon and photon-magnon interactions) Polarons and electron-phonon interactions (see also 63.20.K- Phonon interactions in lattice dynamics) Polarons and electron-phonon interactions (see also 63.20.K- Phonon interactions in lattice dynamics) Mass renormalization in metals Mass renormalization in metals Large or Frohlich polarons Large or Frohlich polarons Self-trapped or small polarons Self-trapped or small polarons Bipolarons Bipolarons Collective effects Collective effects Exchange, correlation, dielectric and magnetic response functions, plasmons Exchange, correlation, dielectric and magnetic response functions, plasmons Charge-density-wave systems (see also 75.30.Fv Spin-density waves) Charge-density-wave systems (see also 75.30.Fv Spin-density waves) Impurity and defect levels Impurity and defect levels Metals, semimetals, and alloys Metals, semimetals, and alloys Elemental semiconductors Elemental semiconductors III-V semiconductors III-V semiconductors II-VI semiconductors II-VI semiconductors Other nonmetals Other nonmetals Disordered structures; amorphous and glassy solids Disordered structures; amorphous and glassy solids Positron states (for positron annihilation, see 78.70.Bj) Positron states (for positron annihilation, see 78.70.Bj) Level splitting and interactions (see also 73.20.-r Surface and interface electron states; 75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions) Level splitting and interactions (see also 73.20.-r Surface and interface electron states; 75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions) Crystal and ligand fields Crystal and ligand fields Landau levels Landau levels Spin-orbit coupling, Zeeman and Stark splitting, Jahn-Teller effect Spin-orbit coupling, Zeeman and Stark splitting, Jahn-Teller effect Strain-induced splitting Strain-induced splitting Exchange interactions Exchange interactions Nuclear states and interactions Nuclear states and interactions Other topics in electronic structure (restricted to new topics in section 71) Other topics in electronic structure (restricted to new topics in section 71) Electronic transport in condensed matter (for electronic transport in surfaces, interfaces, and thin films, see section 73; for electrical properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Rs; for transport properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Fy; for electrical properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.R- in biological physics) Electronic transport in condensed matter (for electronic transport in surfaces, interfaces, and thin films, see section 73; for electrical properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Rs; for transport properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Fy; for electrical properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.R- in biological physics) Theory of electronic transport; scattering mechanisms Theory of electronic transport; scattering mechanisms General formulation of transport theory General formulation of transport theory Scattering by phonons, magnons, and other nonlocalized excitations (see also 71.45.-d Collective effects in electronic structure of bulk materials) Scattering by phonons, magnons, and other nonlocalized excitations (see also 71.45.-d Collective effects in electronic structure of bulk materials) Scattering by point defects, dislocations, surfaces, and other imperfections (including Kondo effect) Scattering by point defects, dislocations, surfaces, and other imperfections (including Kondo effect) Electronic conduction in metals and alloys Electronic conduction in metals and alloys Electrical and thermal conduction in amorphous and liquid metals and alloys Electrical and thermal conduction in amorphous and liquid metals and alloys Electrical and thermal conduction in crystalline metals and alloys Electrical and thermal conduction in crystalline metals and alloys Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (see also 75.47.-m Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport) Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (see also 75.47.-m Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport) Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects Relaxation times and mean free paths Relaxation times and mean free paths Collective modes (e.g., in one-dimensional conductors) Collective modes (e.g., in one-dimensional conductors) Scattering mechanisms and Kondo effect (see also 75.20.Hr Local moments in compounds and alloys; Kondo effect, valence fluctuations, heavy fermions in magnetic properties and materials) Scattering mechanisms and Kondo effect (see also 75.20.Hr Local moments in compounds and alloys; Kondo effect, valence fluctuations, heavy fermions in magnetic properties and materials) Localization effects (Anderson or weak localization) Localization effects (Anderson or weak localization) Conductivity phenomena in semiconductors and insulators (see also 66.70.-f Nonelectronic thermal conduction and heat-pulse propagation in solids; thermal waves) Conductivity phenomena in semiconductors and insulators (see also 66.70.-f Nonelectronic thermal conduction and heat-pulse propagation in solids; thermal waves) General theory, scattering mechanisms General theory, scattering mechanisms Mobility edges; hopping transport Mobility edges; hopping transport Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance High-field and nonlinear effects High-field and nonlinear effects Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, and trapping Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, and trapping Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects Spin polarized transport (for ballistic magnetoresistance, see 75.47.Jn; for spin polarized transport devices, see 85.75.-d) Spin polarized transport (for ballistic magnetoresistance, see 75.47.Jn; for spin polarized transport devices, see 85.75.-d) Spin polarized transport in metals Spin polarized transport in metals Spin polarized transport in semiconductors Spin polarized transport in semiconductors Optical creation of spin polarized carriers Optical creation of spin polarized carriers Electrical injection of spin polarized carriers Electrical injection of spin polarized carriers Spin transport through interfaces Spin transport through interfaces Current-driven spin pumping Current-driven spin pumping Spin relaxation and scattering Spin relaxation and scattering High-frequency effects; plasma effects High-frequency effects; plasma effects Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects Acoustoelectric effects Acoustoelectric effects Magnetoacoustic effects (see also 75.80.+q Magnetomechanical and magnetoelectric effects, magnetostriction) Magnetoacoustic effects (see also 75.80.+q Magnetomechanical and magnetoelectric effects, magnetostriction) Mixed conductivity and conductivity transitions Mixed conductivity and conductivity transitions Noise processes and phenomena Noise processes and phenomena Conductivity of specific materials (for conductivity of metals and alloys, see 72.15.-v) Conductivity of specific materials (for conductivity of metals and alloys, see 72.15.-v) Elemental semiconductors Elemental semiconductors III-V and II-VI semiconductors III-V and II-VI semiconductors Transition-metal compounds Transition-metal compounds Other crystalline inorganic semiconductors Other crystalline inorganic semiconductors Polymers; organic compounds (including organic semiconductors) Polymers; organic compounds (including organic semiconductors) Disordered solids Disordered solids Liquid semiconductors Liquid semiconductors Fullerenes and related materials Fullerenes and related materials Insulators Insulators Composite materials Composite materials Other topics in electronic transport in condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 72) Other topics in electronic transport in condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 72) Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low-dimensional structures (for electronic structure and electrical properties of superconducting films and low-dimensional structures, see 74.78.-w; for computational methodology for electronic structure calculations in condensed matter, see 71.15.-m) Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low-dimensional structures (for electronic structure and electrical properties of superconducting films and low-dimensional structures, see 74.78.-w; for computational methodology for electronic structure calculations in condensed matter, see 71.15.-m) Electron states at surfaces and interfaces Electron states at surfaces and interfaces Surface states, band structure, electron density of states Surface states, band structure, electron density of states Weak or Anderson localization Weak or Anderson localization Impurity and defect levels; energy states of adsorbed species Impurity and defect levels; energy states of adsorbed species Delocalization processes Delocalization processes Collective excitations (including excitons, polarons, plasmons and other charge-density excitations) (for collective excitations in quantum Hall effects, see 73.43.Lp) Collective excitations (including excitons, polarons, plasmons and other charge-density excitations) (for collective excitations in quantum Hall effects, see 73.43.Lp) Electron solids Electron solids Electron states and collective excitations in multilayers, quantum wells, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems (for electron states in nanoscale materials, see 73.22.-f) Electron states and collective excitations in multilayers, quantum wells, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems (for electron states in nanoscale materials, see 73.22.-f) Multilayers Multilayers Superlattices Superlattices Quantum wells Quantum wells Quantum wires Quantum wires Quantum dots Quantum dots Electronic structure of nanoscale materials: clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals Electronic structure of nanoscale materials: clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals Single particle states Single particle states Broken symmetry phases Broken symmetry phases Collective excitations Collective excitations Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems Ballistic transport (see also 75.47.Jn Ballistic magnetoresistance in magnetic properties and materials) Ballistic transport (see also 75.47.Jn Ballistic magnetoresistance in magnetic properties and materials) Coulomb blockade; single-electron tunneling Coulomb blockade; single-electron tunneling Persistent currents Persistent currents Surface conductivity and carrier phenomena Surface conductivity and carrier phenomena Surface double layers, Schottky barriers, and work functions (see also 82.45.Mp Thin layers, films, monolayers, membranes in electrochemistry; see also 87.16.D- Membranes, bilayers, and vesicles in biological physics) Surface double layers, Schottky barriers, and work functions (see also 82.45.Mp Thin layers, films, monolayers, membranes in electrochemistry; see also 87.16.D- Membranes, bilayers, and vesicles in biological physics) Electronic transport in interface structures Electronic transport in interface structures Contact resistance, contact potential Contact resistance, contact potential Rectification Rectification Tunneling (for tunneling in quantum Hall effects, see 73.43.Jn) Tunneling (for tunneling in quantum Hall effects, see 73.43.Jn) Metal-to-metal contacts Metal-to-metal contacts III-V semiconductor-to-semiconductor contacts, <i<p</i<-<i<n</i< junctions, and heterojunctions III-V semiconductor-to-semiconductor contacts, <i<p</i<-<i<n</i< junctions, and heterojunctions Other semiconductor-to-semiconductor contacts, <i<p</i<-<i<n</i< junctions, and heterojunctions Other semiconductor-to-semiconductor contacts, <i<p</i<-<i<n</i< junctions, and heterojunctions Semiconductor-electrolyte contacts Semiconductor-electrolyte contacts Metal-nonmetal contacts Metal-nonmetal contacts Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures (including semiconductor-to-insulator) Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures (including semiconductor-to-insulator) Metal-insulator-metal structures Metal-insulator-metal structures Metal-semiconductor-metal structures Metal-semiconductor-metal structures Semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor structures Semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor structures Semiconductor-metal-semiconductor structures Semiconductor-metal-semiconductor structures Quantum Hall effects Quantum Hall effects Theory and modeling Theory and modeling Novel experimental methods; measurements Novel experimental methods; measurements Tunneling Tunneling Collective excitations Collective excitations Quantum phase transitions (see also 64.70.Tg Quantum phase transitions in equations of state, phase equilibria and phase transitions) Quantum phase transitions (see also 64.70.Tg Quantum phase transitions in equations of state, phase equilibria and phase transitions) Magnetoresistance (see also 75.47.-m Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport in magnetic properties and materials) Magnetoresistance (see also 75.47.-m Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport in magnetic properties and materials) Electronic transport phenomena in thin films (for electronic transport in mesoscopic systems, see 73.23.-b; see also 73.40.-c Electronic transport in interface structures; for electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures, see 73.63.-b) Electronic transport phenomena in thin films (for electronic transport in mesoscopic systems, see 73.23.-b; see also 73.40.-c Electronic transport in interface structures; for electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures, see 73.63.-b) General theory, scattering mechanisms General theory, scattering mechanisms Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance High-field and nonlinear effects High-field and nonlinear effects Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, trapping, mean free paths Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, trapping, mean free paths Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (including thermomagnetic effects) Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (including thermomagnetic effects) Thermoelectric effects Thermoelectric effects High-frequency effects; plasma effects High-frequency effects; plasma effects Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects Acoustoelectric and magnetoacoustic effects Acoustoelectric and magnetoacoustic effects Noise processes and phenomena Noise processes and phenomena Electrical properties of specific thin films (for optical properties of thin films, see 78.20.-e and 78.66.-w; for magnetic properties of thin films, see 75.70.-i) Electrical properties of specific thin films (for optical properties of thin films, see 78.20.-e and 78.66.-w; for magnetic properties of thin films, see 75.70.-i) Metal and metallic alloys Metal and metallic alloys Elemental semiconductors Elemental semiconductors III-V semiconductors III-V semiconductors II-VI semiconductors II-VI semiconductors Amorphous semiconductors; glasses Amorphous semiconductors; glasses Other inorganic semiconductors Other inorganic semiconductors Insulators Insulators Polymers; organic compounds Polymers; organic compounds Fullerenes and related materials Fullerenes and related materials Electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures (see also 73.23.-b Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems) Electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures (see also 73.23.-b Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems) Nanocrystalline materials Nanocrystalline materials Nanotubes Nanotubes Quantum wells Quantum wells Quantum dots Quantum dots Quantum wires Quantum wires Nanoscale contacts Nanoscale contacts Other topics in electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low-dimensional structures (Restricted to new topics in section 73) Other topics in electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low-dimensional structures (Restricted to new topics in section 73) Superconductivity (for superconducting devices, see 85.25.-j) Superconductivity (for superconducting devices, see 85.25.-j) Occurrence, potential candidates Occurrence, potential candidates Theories and models of superconducting state Theories and models of superconducting state Phenomenological theories (two-fluid, Ginzburg-Landau, etc.) Phenomenological theories (two-fluid, Ginzburg-Landau, etc.) BCS theory and its development BCS theory and its development Nonconventional mechanisms (spin fluctuations, polarons and bipolarons, resonating valence bond model, anyon mechanism, marginal Fermi liquid, Luttinger liquid, etc.) Nonconventional mechanisms (spin fluctuations, polarons and bipolarons, resonating valence bond model, anyon mechanism, marginal Fermi liquid, Luttinger liquid, etc.) Pairing symmetries (other than s-wave) Pairing symmetries (other than s-wave) Properties of type I and type II superconductors Properties of type I and type II superconductors Thermodynamic properties Thermodynamic properties Superconductivity phase diagrams Superconductivity phase diagrams Transport properties (electric and thermal conductivity, thermoelectric effects, etc.) Transport properties (electric and thermal conductivity, thermoelectric effects, etc.) Optical properties Optical properties Magnetic properties Magnetic properties Electronic structure Electronic structure Phonons Phonons Mechanical and acoustical properties, elasticity, and ultrasonic attenuation Mechanical and acoustical properties, elasticity, and ultrasonic attenuation Response to electromagnetic fields (nuclear magnetic resonance, surface impedance, etc.) Response to electromagnetic fields (nuclear magnetic resonance, surface impedance, etc.) Mixed states, critical fields, and surface sheaths Mixed states, critical fields, and surface sheaths Vortex lattices, flux pinning, flux creep Vortex lattices, flux pinning, flux creep Critical currents Critical currents Fluctuations (noise, chaos, nonequilibrium superconductivity, localization, etc.) Fluctuations (noise, chaos, nonequilibrium superconductivity, localization, etc.) Proximity effects; Andreev effect; SN and SNS junctions Proximity effects; Andreev effect; SN and SNS junctions Tunneling phenomena; point contacts, weak links, Josephson effects (for SQUIDs, see 85.25.Dq; for Josephson devices, see 85.25.Cp; for Josephson junction arrays, see 74.81.Fa) Tunneling phenomena; point contacts, weak links, Josephson effects (for SQUIDs, see 85.25.Dq; for Josephson devices, see 85.25.Cp; for Josephson junction arrays, see 74.81.Fa) Transition temperature variations Transition temperature variations Effects of material synthesis, crystal structure, and chemical composition Effects of material synthesis, crystal structure, and chemical composition Effects of crystal defects, doping and substitution Effects of crystal defects, doping and substitution Pressure effects Pressure effects Other effects Other effects Superconducting materials (for cuprates, see 74.72.-h) Superconducting materials (for cuprates, see 74.72.-h) Metals; alloys and binary compounds (including A15, MgB<sub<2</sub<, etc.) Metals; alloys and binary compounds (including A15, MgB<sub<2</sub<, etc.) Ternary, quaternary, and multinary compounds (including Chevrel phases, borocarbides, etc.) Ternary, quaternary, and multinary compounds (including Chevrel phases, borocarbides, etc.) Organic superconductors Organic superconductors Ruthenates Ruthenates Heavy-fermion superconductors Heavy-fermion superconductors Fullerenes and related materials Fullerenes and related materials Cuprate superconductors (high-<i<T</i<<sub<<i<c</i<</sub< and insulating parent compounds) Cuprate superconductors (high-<i<T</i<<sub<<i<c</i<</sub< and insulating parent compounds) Y-based cuprates Y-based cuprates La-based cuprates La-based cuprates Bi-based cuprates Bi-based cuprates Other cuprates, including Tl and Hg-based cuprates Other cuprates, including Tl and Hg-based cuprates Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures High-<i<T<sub<c</sub<</i< films High-<i<T<sub<c</sub<</i< films Low-<i<T<sub<c</sub<</i< films Low-<i<T<sub<c</sub<</i< films Multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures Multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures Mesoscopic and nanoscale systems Mesoscopic and nanoscale systems Inhomogeneous superconductors and superconducting systems Inhomogeneous superconductors and superconducting systems Granular, melt-textured, amorphous, and composite superconductors Granular, melt-textured, amorphous, and composite superconductors Josephson junction arrays and wire networks Josephson junction arrays and wire networks Other topics in superconductivity (restricted to new topics in section 74) Other topics in superconductivity (restricted to new topics in section 74) Magnetic properties and materials (for magnetic properties of quantum solids, see 67.80.dk; for magnetic properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Rs; for magnetic properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Ha; for magnetic properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Pn) Magnetic properties and materials (for magnetic properties of quantum solids, see 67.80.dk; for magnetic properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Rs; for magnetic properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Ha; for magnetic properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Pn) General theory and models of magnetic ordering (see also 05.50.+q Lattice theory and statistics) General theory and models of magnetic ordering (see also 05.50.+q Lattice theory and statistics) Crystal-field theory and spin Hamiltonians Crystal-field theory and spin Hamiltonians Classical spin models Classical spin models Quantized spin models Quantized spin models Band and itinerant models Band and itinerant models Spin-glass and other random models Spin-glass and other random models Spin chain models Spin chain models Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and superparamagnetism Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and superparamagnetism Nonmetals Nonmetals Metals and alloys Metals and alloys Local moment in compounds and alloys; Kondo effect, valence fluctuations, heavy fermions (see also 72.15.Qm Scattering mechanisms and Kondo effect) Local moment in compounds and alloys; Kondo effect, valence fluctuations, heavy fermions (see also 72.15.Qm Scattering mechanisms and Kondo effect) Spin arrangements in magnetically ordered materials (including neutron and spin-polarized electron studies, synchrotron-source X-ray scattering, etc.) (for devices exploiting spin polarized transport, see 85.75.-d) Spin arrangements in magnetically ordered materials (including neutron and spin-polarized electron studies, synchrotron-source X-ray scattering, etc.) (for devices exploiting spin polarized transport, see 85.75.-d) Intrinsic properties of magnetically ordered materials (for critical point effects, see 75.40.-s) Intrinsic properties of magnetically ordered materials (for critical point effects, see 75.40.-s) Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities Spin waves (for spin-wave resonance, see 76.50.+g) Spin waves (for spin-wave resonance, see 76.50.+g) Exchange and superexchange interactions (see also 71.70.-d Level splitting and interactions) Exchange and superexchange interactions (see also 71.70.-d Level splitting and interactions) Spin-density waves Spin-density waves Magnetic anisotropy Magnetic anisotropy Magnetic impurity interactions Magnetic impurity interactions Magnetic phase boundaries (including magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.) Magnetic phase boundaries (including magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.) Valence fluctuation, Kondo lattice, and heavy-fermion phenomena (see also 71.27.+a Strongly correlated electron systems, heavy fermions) Valence fluctuation, Kondo lattice, and heavy-fermion phenomena (see also 71.27.+a Strongly correlated electron systems, heavy fermions) Magnetocaloric effect, magnetic cooling Magnetocaloric effect, magnetic cooling Spin crossover Spin crossover Critical-point effects, specific heats, short-range order (see also 65.40.Ba Heat capacity) Critical-point effects, specific heats, short-range order (see also 65.40.Ba Heat capacity) Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.) Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.) Dynamic properties (dynamic susceptibility, spin waves, spin diffusion, dynamic scaling, etc.) Dynamic properties (dynamic susceptibility, spin waves, spin diffusion, dynamic scaling, etc.) Numerical simulation studies Numerical simulation studies Macroscopic quantum phenomena in magnetic systems Macroscopic quantum phenomena in magnetic systems Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport (for spintronics, see 85.75.-d; see also 72.15.Gd, 73.50.Jt, 73.43.Qt, and 72.25.-b in transport phenomena) Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport (for spintronics, see 85.75.-d; see also 72.15.Gd, 73.50.Jt, 73.43.Qt, and 72.25.-b in transport phenomena) Giant magnetoresistance Giant magnetoresistance Colossal magnetoresistance Colossal magnetoresistance Ballistic magnetoresistance Ballistic magnetoresistance Manganites Manganites Metals and alloys Metals and alloys Other materials Other materials Studies of specific magnetic materials Studies of specific magnetic materials Fe and its alloys Fe and its alloys Other ferromagnetic metals and alloys Other ferromagnetic metals and alloys Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials Antiferromagnetics Antiferromagnetics Ferrimagnetics Ferrimagnetics Amorphous and quasicrystalline magnetic materials Amorphous and quasicrystalline magnetic materials Spin glasses and other random magnets Spin glasses and other random magnets Magnetic liquids Magnetic liquids Magnetic semiconductors Magnetic semiconductors Magnetic recording materials (see also 85.70.-w Magnetic devices) Magnetic recording materials (see also 85.70.-w Magnetic devices) Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials High coercivity materials High coercivity materials Permanent magnets Permanent magnets Molecular magnets Molecular magnets Domain effects, magnetization curves, and hysteresis Domain effects, magnetization curves, and hysteresis Domain walls and domain structure (for magnetic bubbles, see 75.70.Kw) Domain walls and domain structure (for magnetic bubbles, see 75.70.Kw) Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects Magnetization reversal mechanisms Magnetization reversal mechanisms Magnetic aftereffects Magnetic aftereffects Magnetic annealing and temperature-hysteresis effects Magnetic annealing and temperature-hysteresis effects Magnetic properties of thin films, surfaces, and interfaces (for magnetic properties of nanostructures, see 75.75.+a) Magnetic properties of thin films, surfaces, and interfaces (for magnetic properties of nanostructures, see 75.75.+a) Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures) Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures) Domain structure (including magnetic bubbles) Domain structure (including magnetic bubbles) Surface magnetism Surface magnetism Magnetic properties of nanostructures Magnetic properties of nanostructures Magnetomechanical and magnetoelectric effects, magnetostriction Magnetomechanical and magnetoelectric effects, magnetostriction Other topics in magnetic properties and materials (restricted to new topics in section 75) Other topics in magnetic properties and materials (restricted to new topics in section 75) Magnetic resonances and relaxations in condensed matter, Mossbauer effect Magnetic resonances and relaxations in condensed matter, Mossbauer effect General theory of resonances and relaxations General theory of resonances and relaxations Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation (see also 33.35.+r Electron resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics; 87.80.Lg Magnetic and paramagnetic resonance in biological physics) Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation (see also 33.35.+r Electron resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics; 87.80.Lg Magnetic and paramagnetic resonance in biological physics) Ions and impurities: general Ions and impurities: general Iron group (3<i<d</i<) ions and impurities (Ti-Cu) Iron group (3<i<d</i<) ions and impurities (Ti-Cu) Platinum and palladium group (4<i<d</i< and 5<i<d</i<) ions and impurities (Zr-Ag and Hf-Au) Platinum and palladium group (4<i<d</i< and 5<i<d</i<) ions and impurities (Zr-Ag and Hf-Au) Rare-earth ions and impurities Rare-earth ions and impurities Other ions and impurities Other ions and impurities Color centers and other defects Color centers and other defects Conduction electrons Conduction electrons Free radicals Free radicals Diamagnetic and cyclotron resonances Diamagnetic and cyclotron resonances Ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferrimagnetic resonances; spin-wave resonance (see also 75.30.Ds Spin waves) Ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferrimagnetic resonances; spin-wave resonance (see also 75.30.Ds Spin waves) Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation (see also 33.25.+k Nuclear resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics and 82.56.-b Nuclear magnetic resonance in physical chemistry and chemical physics; for structure determination using magnetic resonance techniques, see 61.05.Qr; for biophysical applications, see 87.80.Lg) Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation (see also 33.25.+k Nuclear resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics and 82.56.-b Nuclear magnetic resonance in physical chemistry and chemical physics; for structure determination using magnetic resonance techniques, see 61.05.Qr; for biophysical applications, see 87.80.Lg) Chemical and Knight shifts Chemical and Knight shifts Relaxation effects Relaxation effects Quadrupole resonance Quadrupole resonance Effects of internal magnetic fields Effects of internal magnetic fields Spin echoes Spin echoes NMR imaging (for medical NMR imaging, see 87.61.-c) NMR imaging (for medical NMR imaging, see 87.61.-c) Magnetic double resonances and cross effects (see also 33.40.+f Multiple resonances in atomic and molecular physics) Magnetic double resonances and cross effects (see also 33.40.+f Multiple resonances in atomic and molecular physics) Electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), electron double resonance (ELDOR) Electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), electron double resonance (ELDOR) Double nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR), dynamical nuclear polarization Double nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR), dynamical nuclear polarization Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) Muon spin rotation and relaxation Muon spin rotation and relaxation Mossbauer effect; other gamma-ray spectroscopy (see also 33.45.+x Mossbauer spectra-in atomic and molecular physics; for biophysical applications, see 87.64.kx; for chemical analysis applications, see 82.80.Ej) Mossbauer effect; other gamma-ray spectroscopy (see also 33.45.+x Mossbauer spectra-in atomic and molecular physics; for biophysical applications, see 87.64.kx; for chemical analysis applications, see 82.80.Ej) Other topics in magnetic resonances and relaxations (restricted to new topics in section 76) Other topics in magnetic resonances and relaxations (restricted to new topics in section 76) Dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties (for conductivity phenomena, see 72.20.-i and 72.80.-r; for dielectric properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Tv) Dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties (for conductivity phenomena, see 72.20.-i and 72.80.-r; for dielectric properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Tv) Dielectric properties of solids and liquids (for dielectric properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.rf) Dielectric properties of solids and liquids (for dielectric properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.rf) Permittivity (dielectric function) Permittivity (dielectric function) Polarization and depolarization Polarization and depolarization Dielectric loss and relaxation Dielectric loss and relaxation Dielectric breakdown and space-charge effects Dielectric breakdown and space-charge effects Dielectric thin films Dielectric thin films Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects Piezoelectric and electrostrictive constants Piezoelectric and electrostrictive constants Acoustoelectric effects and surface acoustic waves (SAW) in piezoelectrics (see also 43.35.Pt Surface waves in solids and liquids-in Acoustics Appendix; for surface acoustic wave transducers, see 43.38.Rh-in Acoustics Appendix) Acoustoelectric effects and surface acoustic waves (SAW) in piezoelectrics (see also 43.35.Pt Surface waves in solids and liquids-in Acoustics Appendix; for surface acoustic wave transducers, see 43.38.Rh-in Acoustics Appendix) Electromechanical resonance; quartz resonators Electromechanical resonance; quartz resonators Strain-induced piezoelectric fields Strain-induced piezoelectric fields Pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects Pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity Phase transitions and Curie point Phase transitions and Curie point Domain structure; hysteresis Domain structure; hysteresis Switching phenomena Switching phenomena Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric materials (for nonlinear optical materials, see 42.70.Mp; for dielectric materials in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Un) Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric materials (for nonlinear optical materials, see 42.70.Mp; for dielectric materials in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Un) Elements, oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, chalcogenides, etc. Elements, oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, chalcogenides, etc. Niobates, titanates, tantalates, PZT ceramics, etc. Niobates, titanates, tantalates, PZT ceramics, etc. KDP- and TGS-type crystals KDP- and TGS-type crystals Polymers; organic compounds Polymers; organic compounds Composite materials Composite materials Liquids, emulsions, and suspensions; liquid crystals (for structure of liquid crystals, see 61.30.-v) Liquids, emulsions, and suspensions; liquid crystals (for structure of liquid crystals, see 61.30.-v) Other topics in dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties (restricted to new topics in section 77) Other topics in dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties (restricted to new topics in section 77) Optical properties, condensed-matter spectroscopy and other interactions of radiation and particles with condensed matter Optical properties, condensed-matter spectroscopy and other interactions of radiation and particles with condensed matter Optical properties of bulk materials and thin films (for optical properties related to materials treatment, see 81.40.Tv; for optical materials, see 42.70-a; for optical properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Gz; for optical properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Mk; for optical/infrared radiation effects on biological systems, see 87.50.W-) Optical properties of bulk materials and thin films (for optical properties related to materials treatment, see 81.40.Tv; for optical materials, see 42.70-a; for optical properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Gz; for optical properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Mk; for optical/infrared radiation effects on biological systems, see 87.50.W-) Theory, models, and numerical simulation Theory, models, and numerical simulation Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity) Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity) Optical activity Optical activity Birefringence Birefringence Piezo-, elasto-, and acoustooptical effects; photoacoustic effects Piezo-, elasto-, and acoustooptical effects; photoacoustic effects Electrooptical effects Electrooptical effects Magnetooptical effects Magnetooptical effects Thermooptical and photothermal effects Thermooptical and photothermal effects Infrared and Raman spectra (for vibrational states in crystals and disordered systems, see 63.20.-e and 63.50.-x respectively) Infrared and Raman spectra (for vibrational states in crystals and disordered systems, see 63.20.-e and 63.50.-x respectively) Elemental semiconductors and insulators Elemental semiconductors and insulators Liquids Liquids Solid metals and alloys Solid metals and alloys III-V and II-VI semiconductors III-V and II-VI semiconductors Other nonmetallic inorganics Other nonmetallic inorganics Organic compounds, polymers Organic compounds, polymers Disordered solids Disordered solids Fullerenes and related materials Fullerenes and related materials Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering; other light scattering (for Raman scattering, see 78.30.-j) Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering; other light scattering (for Raman scattering, see 78.30.-j) Absorption and reflection spectra: visible and ultraviolet (for infrared spectra, see 78.30.-j) Absorption and reflection spectra: visible and ultraviolet (for infrared spectra, see 78.30.-j) Liquids Liquids Semiconductors Semiconductors Other nonmetallic inorganics Other nonmetallic inorganics Metals, semimetals, and alloys Metals, semimetals, and alloys Organic compounds and polymers Organic compounds and polymers Disordered solids Disordered solids Fullerenes and related materials Fullerenes and related materials Stimulated emission (see also 42.55.-f Lasers) Stimulated emission (see also 42.55.-f Lasers) Spectroscopy of solid state dynamics (see also 42.65.-k Nonlinear optics; 42.50.-p Quantum optics) Spectroscopy of solid state dynamics (see also 42.65.-k Nonlinear optics; 42.50.-p Quantum optics) Time resolved luminescence Time resolved luminescence Coherent nonlinear optical spectroscopy Coherent nonlinear optical spectroscopy Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy (< 1 psec) (see also 82.53.Eb Pump probe studies of photodissociation; 82.53.Hn Pump probe experiments with bound states in femtochemistry; for ultrafast processes in nonlinear optics, see 42.65.Re) Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy (< 1 psec) (see also 82.53.Eb Pump probe studies of photodissociation; 82.53.Hn Pump probe experiments with bound states in femtochemistry; for ultrafast processes in nonlinear optics, see 42.65.Re) Time resolved spectroscopy (< 1 psec) Time resolved spectroscopy (< 1 psec) Photon echoes Photon echoes Transient grating spectroscopy Transient grating spectroscopy Quantum beats Quantum beats Optical nutation Optical nutation Free polarization decay Free polarization decay High resolution nonlinear optical spectroscopy High resolution nonlinear optical spectroscopy Hole burning spectroscopy Hole burning spectroscopy Four-wave mixing spectroscopy Four-wave mixing spectroscopy Photoluminescence, properties and materials Photoluminescence, properties and materials Elemental semiconductors Elemental semiconductors Liquids Liquids III-V semiconductors III-V semiconductors II-VI semiconductors II-VI semiconductors Solid alkali halides Solid alkali halides Other solid inorganic materials Other solid inorganic materials Solid organic materials Solid organic materials Porous materials Porous materials Amorphous materials; glasses and other disordered solids Amorphous materials; glasses and other disordered solids Other luminescence and radiative recombination Other luminescence and radiative recombination Electroluminescence Electroluminescence Cathodoluminescence, ionoluminescence Cathodoluminescence, ionoluminescence Thermoluminescence Thermoluminescence Sonoluminescence, triboluminescence Sonoluminescence, triboluminescence Chemiluminescence (see also 42.55.Ks Chemical lasers) Chemiluminescence (see also 42.55.Ks Chemical lasers) Optical properties of specific thin films (for optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials, see 78.67.-n; for optical properties of surfaces, see 78.68.+m) Optical properties of specific thin films (for optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials, see 78.67.-n; for optical properties of surfaces, see 78.68.+m) Metals and metallic alloys Metals and metallic alloys Elemental semiconductors and insulators Elemental semiconductors and insulators III-V semiconductors III-V semiconductors II-VI semiconductors II-VI semiconductors Amorphous semiconductors; glasses Amorphous semiconductors; glasses Other semiconductors Other semiconductors Insulators Insulators Polymers; organic compounds Polymers; organic compounds Composite materials Composite materials Fullerenes and related materials Fullerenes and related materials Fine-particle systems Fine-particle systems Optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials and structures Optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials and structures Nanocrystals and nanoparticles Nanocrystals and nanoparticles Nanotubes Nanotubes Quantum wells Quantum wells Quantum dots Quantum dots Quantum wires Quantum wires Multilayers; superlattices Multilayers; superlattices Optical properties of surfaces Optical properties of surfaces Interactions of particles and radiation with matter Interactions of particles and radiation with matter Positron annihilation (for positron states, see 71.60.+z in electronic structure of bulk materials; for positronium chemistry, see 82.30.Gg in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Positron annihilation (for positron states, see 71.60.+z in electronic structure of bulk materials; for positronium chemistry, see 82.30.Gg in physical chemistry and chemical physics) X-ray scattering X-ray scattering X-ray absorption spectra X-ray absorption spectra X-ray emission spectra and fluorescence X-ray emission spectra and fluorescence Microwave and radio-frequency interactions Microwave and radio-frequency interactions Neutron inelastic scattering Neutron inelastic scattering Other topics in optical properties, condensed matter spectroscopy and other interactions of particles and radiation with condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 78) Other topics in optical properties, condensed matter spectroscopy and other interactions of particles and radiation with condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 78) Electron and ion emission by liquids and solids; impact phenomena Electron and ion emission by liquids and solids; impact phenomena Impact phenomena (including electron spectra and sputtering) Impact phenomena (including electron spectra and sputtering) Theory of impact phenomena; numerical simulation Theory of impact phenomena; numerical simulation Laser-beam impact phenomena Laser-beam impact phenomena Electron impact: Auger emission Electron impact: Auger emission Electron impact: secondary emission Electron impact: secondary emission Other electron-impact emission phenomena Other electron-impact emission phenomena Photon- and electron-stimulated desorption Photon- and electron-stimulated desorption Positron emission Positron emission Atomic, molecular, and ion beam impact and interactions with surfaces Atomic, molecular, and ion beam impact and interactions with surfaces Electron energy loss spectroscopy (see also 82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy in physical chemistry and chemical physics; 34.80.-i Electron and positron scattering in atomic and molecular physics) Electron energy loss spectroscopy (see also 82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy in physical chemistry and chemical physics; 34.80.-i Electron and positron scattering in atomic and molecular physics) Thermionic emission Thermionic emission Photoemission and photoelectron spectra Photoemission and photoelectron spectra Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces Adsorbed layers and thin films Adsorbed layers and thin films Polymers; organic compounds Polymers; organic compounds Disordered structures Disordered structures Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures Field emission, ionization, evaporation, and desorption Field emission, ionization, evaporation, and desorption Exoelectron emission Exoelectron emission Other topics in electron and ion emission by liquids and solids and impact phenomena (restricted to new topics in section 79) Other topics in electron and ion emission by liquids and solids and impact phenomena (restricted to new topics in section 79) INTERDISCIPLINARY PHYSICS AND RELATED AREAS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTERDISCIPLINARY PHYSICS AND RELATED AREAS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Materials science Materials science Specific materials: fabrication, treatment, testing, and analysis Specific materials: fabrication, treatment, testing, and analysis Metals, semimetals, and alloys Metals, semimetals, and alloys Elemental semiconductors (for semiconductors in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Vp) Elemental semiconductors (for semiconductors in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Vp) II-VI semiconductors II-VI semiconductors III-V semiconductors III-V semiconductors Amorphous semiconductors Amorphous semiconductors Other semiconductors Other semiconductors Ceramics and refractories (including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides) (for ceramics in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Yz) Ceramics and refractories (including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides) (for ceramics in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Yz) Glasses (including metallic glasses) Glasses (including metallic glasses) Polymers and plastics; rubber; synthetic and natural fibers; organometallic and organic materials (for polymers and organic materials in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Wx) Polymers and plastics; rubber; synthetic and natural fibers; organometallic and organic materials (for polymers and organic materials in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Wx) Cermets, ceramic and refractory composites Cermets, ceramic and refractory composites Dispersion-, fiber-, and platelet-reinforced metal-based composites Dispersion-, fiber-, and platelet-reinforced metal-based composites Glass-based composites, vitroceramics Glass-based composites, vitroceramics Reinforced polymers and polymer-based composites Reinforced polymers and polymer-based composites Porous materials; granular materials (for granular superconductors, see 74.81.Bd) Porous materials; granular materials (for granular superconductors, see 74.81.Bd) Fullerenes and related materials Fullerenes and related materials Carbon, diamond, graphite Carbon, diamond, graphite New materials: theory, design, and fabrication New materials: theory, design, and fabrication Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization (for structure of nanoscale materials, see 61.46.-w; for nanostructured materials in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Yz; for nanoparticles in polymers, see 82.35.Np in physical chemistry and chemical physics; see also 62.23.-c Structural classes of nanoscale systems in mechanical properties of condensed matter) Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization (for structure of nanoscale materials, see 61.46.-w; for nanostructured materials in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Yz; for nanoparticles in polymers, see 82.35.Np in physical chemistry and chemical physics; see also 62.23.-c Structural classes of nanoscale systems in mechanical properties of condensed matter) Nanocrystalline materials Nanocrystalline materials Nanotubes Nanotubes Nanocontacts Nanocontacts Molecular nanostructures Molecular nanostructures Organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures Organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures Quantum wells Quantum wells Quantum dots Quantum dots Quantum wires Quantum wires Nanopowders Nanopowders Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth (for crystal structure, see section 61) Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth (for crystal structure, see section 61) Theory and models of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth, crystal morphology, and orientation Theory and models of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth, crystal morphology, and orientation Growth from vapor Growth from vapor Growth from solutions Growth from solutions Growth from melts; zone melting and refining Growth from melts; zone melting and refining Growth from solid phases (including multiphase diffusion and recrystallization) Growth from solid phases (including multiphase diffusion and recrystallization) Growth in microgravity environments Growth in microgravity environments Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy (for structure of thin films, see 68.55.-a; see also 85.40.Sz Deposition technology in microelectronics) Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy (for structure of thin films, see 68.55.-a; see also 85.40.Sz Deposition technology in microelectronics) Theory and models of film growth Theory and models of film growth Deposition by sputtering Deposition by sputtering Vacuum deposition Vacuum deposition Laser deposition Laser deposition Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, etc.) (for chemistry of MOCVD, see 82.33.Ya in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, etc.) (for chemistry of MOCVD, see 82.33.Ya in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition; ion plating (see also 52.77.Dq Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition in physics of plasmas) Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition; ion plating (see also 52.77.Dq Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition in physics of plasmas) Vapor phase epitaxy; growth from vapor phase Vapor phase epitaxy; growth from vapor phase Liquid phase epitaxy; deposition from liquid phases (melts, solutions, and surface layers on liquids) Liquid phase epitaxy; deposition from liquid phases (melts, solutions, and surface layers on liquids) Solid phase epitaxy; growth from solid phases Solid phase epitaxy; growth from solid phases Electrodeposition, electroplating Electrodeposition, electroplating Spray coating techniques Spray coating techniques Methods of nanofabrication and processing (for femtosecond probing of semiconductor nanostructures, see 82.53.Mj in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Methods of nanofabrication and processing (for femtosecond probing of semiconductor nanostructures, see 82.53.Mj in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Chemical synthesis methods Chemical synthesis methods Self-assembly Self-assembly Supramolecular and biochemical assembly Supramolecular and biochemical assembly Catalytic methods Catalytic methods Laser-assisted deposition Laser-assisted deposition Nanolithography Nanolithography Nanooxidation (see also 82.37.Np Single molecule reaction kinetics in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Nanooxidation (see also 82.37.Np Single molecule reaction kinetics in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Nanoscale pattern formation Nanoscale pattern formation Atom manipulation (see also 82.37.Gk STM and AFM manipulation of a single-molecule in physical chemistry; 37.10.Gh Atom traps and guides; 37.10.Pq Trapping of molecules; 87.80.Nj Single-molecule techniques in biological physics; 82.37.Rs Single-molecule manipulation of proteins and other biological molecules in physical chemistry) Atom manipulation (see also 82.37.Gk STM and AFM manipulation of a single-molecule in physical chemistry; 37.10.Gh Atom traps and guides; 37.10.Pq Trapping of molecules; 87.80.Nj Single-molecule techniques in biological physics; 82.37.Rs Single-molecule manipulation of proteins and other biological molecules in physical chemistry) Methods of materials synthesis and materials processing (for ion implantation and doping, see 61.72.U-) Methods of materials synthesis and materials processing (for ion implantation and doping, see 61.72.U-) Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation Sol-gel processing, precipitation Sol-gel processing, precipitation Forming; molding, extrusion etc. Forming; molding, extrusion etc. Chemical synthesis; combustion synthesis (for electrochemical synthesis, see 82.45.Aa) Chemical synthesis; combustion synthesis (for electrochemical synthesis, see 82.45.Aa) Aerosols in materials synthesis and processing Aerosols in materials synthesis and processing Joining; welding Joining; welding Machining, milling Machining, milling Purification Purification Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations (see also 64.70.K- Solid-solid transitions) Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations (see also 64.70.K- Solid-solid transitions) Phase diagrams of metals and alloys Phase diagrams of metals and alloys Phase diagrams of other materials (for phase diagrams of superconductors, see 74.25.Dw) Phase diagrams of other materials (for phase diagrams of superconductors, see 74.25.Dw) Solidification Solidification Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder Martensitic transformations Martensitic transformations Solid-phase precipitation (see also 64.75.-g Phase equilibria) Solid-phase precipitation (see also 64.75.-g Phase equilibria) Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties Solid solution hardening, precipitation hardening, and dispersion hardening; aging (see also 64.75.Nx Phase separation and segregation in solid solutions) Solid solution hardening, precipitation hardening, and dispersion hardening; aging (see also 64.75.Nx Phase separation and segregation in solid solutions) Cold working, work hardening; annealing, post-deformation annealing, quenching, tempering recovery, and crystallization Cold working, work hardening; annealing, post-deformation annealing, quenching, tempering recovery, and crystallization Other heat and thermomechanical treatments Other heat and thermomechanical treatments Elasticity and anelasticity, stress-strain relations Elasticity and anelasticity, stress-strain relations Deformation, plasticity, and creep (see also 83.50.-v Deformation and flow in rheology) Deformation, plasticity, and creep (see also 83.50.-v Deformation and flow in rheology) Fatigue, corrosion fatigue, embrittlement, cracking, fracture, and failure (see also 62.20.M- Structural failure of materials) Fatigue, corrosion fatigue, embrittlement, cracking, fracture, and failure (see also 62.20.M- Structural failure of materials) Friction, lubrication, and wear Friction, lubrication, and wear Electrical and magnetic properties (related to treatment conditions) Electrical and magnetic properties (related to treatment conditions) Optical and dielectric properties (related to treatment conditions) Optical and dielectric properties (related to treatment conditions) Pressure treatment (see also 62.50.-p High-pressure effects in solids and liquids) Pressure treatment (see also 62.50.-p High-pressure effects in solids and liquids) Radiation treatment (particle and electromagnetic) (see also 61.80.-x Physical radiation effects, radiation damage) Radiation treatment (particle and electromagnetic) (see also 61.80.-x Physical radiation effects, radiation damage) Surface treatments (see also 85.40.-e Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology) Surface treatments (see also 85.40.-e Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology) Surface cleaning, etching, patterning (see also 52.77.Bn Etching and cleaning in physics of plasmas) Surface cleaning, etching, patterning (see also 52.77.Bn Etching and cleaning in physics of plasmas) Corrosion protection (see also 82.45.Bb Corrosion and passivation in electrochemistry) Corrosion protection (see also 82.45.Bb Corrosion and passivation in electrochemistry) Surface hardening: nitridation, carburization, carbonitridation Surface hardening: nitridation, carburization, carbonitridation Oxidation Oxidation Polishing, grinding, surface finishing Polishing, grinding, surface finishing Passivation (see also 82.45.Bb Corrosion and passivation in electrochemistry) Passivation (see also 82.45.Bb Corrosion and passivation in electrochemistry) Gettering Gettering Methods of materials testing and analysis (for specific chemical analysis methods, see 82.80.-d) Methods of materials testing and analysis (for specific chemical analysis methods, see 82.80.-d) Mechanical testing, impact tests, static and dynamic loads Mechanical testing, impact tests, static and dynamic loads Nondestructive testing: ultrasonic testing, photoacoustic testing Nondestructive testing: ultrasonic testing, photoacoustic testing Nondestructive testing: electromagnetic testing, eddy-current testing Nondestructive testing: electromagnetic testing, eddy-current testing Nondestructive testing: optical methods Nondestructive testing: optical methods Testing in microgravity environments Testing in microgravity environments Chemical composition analysis, chemical depth and dopant profiling Chemical composition analysis, chemical depth and dopant profiling Thermal analysis, differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential thermogravimetric analysis Thermal analysis, differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential thermogravimetric analysis Computed tomography Computed tomography Other topics in materials science (restricted to new topics in section 81) Other topics in materials science (restricted to new topics in section 81) Physical chemistry and chemical physics Physical chemistry and chemical physics Chemical kinetics and dynamics Chemical kinetics and dynamics State selected dynamics and product distribution State selected dynamics and product distribution Transition state theory and statistical theories of rate constants Transition state theory and statistical theories of rate constants Quantum theory of reaction cross section Quantum theory of reaction cross section Collision theories; trajectory models Collision theories; trajectory models Electronically non-adiabatic reactions Electronically non-adiabatic reactions Product distribution (for state selected dynamics and product distribution, see 82.20.Bc) Product distribution (for state selected dynamics and product distribution, see 82.20.Bc) Potential energy surfaces for chemical reactions (for potential energy surfaces for collisions, see 34.20.-b in atomic and molecular collisions and interactions) Potential energy surfaces for chemical reactions (for potential energy surfaces for collisions, see 34.20.-b in atomic and molecular collisions and interactions) Semiclassical theory of reactions and/or energy transfer Semiclassical theory of reactions and/or energy transfer Classical theories of reactions and/or energy transfer Classical theories of reactions and/or energy transfer Rate constants, reaction cross sections, and activation energies Rate constants, reaction cross sections, and activation energies State to state energy transfer (see also 31.70.Hq Time-dependent phenomena-in atomic and molecular physics) State to state energy transfer (see also 31.70.Hq Time-dependent phenomena-in atomic and molecular physics) Correlation function theory of rate constants and its applications Correlation function theory of rate constants and its applications Kinetic isotope effects including muonium Kinetic isotope effects including muonium Stochastic theories of rate constants Stochastic theories of rate constants Computational modeling; simulation Computational modeling; simulation Quantum effects in rate constants (tunneling, resonances, etc.) Quantum effects in rate constants (tunneling, resonances, etc.) Solvent effects on reactivity Solvent effects on reactivity Specific chemical reactions; reaction mechanisms Specific chemical reactions; reaction mechanisms Atom and radical reactions; chain reactions; molecule-molecule reactions Atom and radical reactions; chain reactions; molecule-molecule reactions Ion-molecule, ion-ion, and charge-transfer reactions (see also 34.70.+e Charge transfer in atomic and molecular collisions) Ion-molecule, ion-ion, and charge-transfer reactions (see also 34.70.+e Charge transfer in atomic and molecular collisions) Positronium chemistry (see also 36.10.Dr Positronium in atomic and molecular physics; 78.70.Bj Positron annihilation in interactions of particles and radiation with matter) Positronium chemistry (see also 36.10.Dr Positronium in atomic and molecular physics; 78.70.Bj Positron annihilation in interactions of particles and radiation with matter) Chemical exchanges (substitution, atom transfer, abstraction, disproportionation, and group exchange) Chemical exchanges (substitution, atom transfer, abstraction, disproportionation, and group exchange) Decomposition reactions (pyrolysis, dissociation, and fragmentation) Decomposition reactions (pyrolysis, dissociation, and fragmentation) Association, addition, insertion, cluster formation Association, addition, insertion, cluster formation Isomerization and rearrangement Isomerization and rearrangement Hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic effects Hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic effects Homogeneous catalysis in solution, polymers and zeolites (for heterogeneous catalysis in zeolites, see 82.75.Qt) Homogeneous catalysis in solution, polymers and zeolites (for heterogeneous catalysis in zeolites, see 82.75.Qt) Reactions in various media Reactions in various media Reactions in supercritical fluids Reactions in supercritical fluids Reactions in clusters (see also 36.40.Jn Reactivity of clusters in atomic and molecular physics) Reactions in clusters (see also 36.40.Jn Reactivity of clusters in atomic and molecular physics) Reactions on clusters Reactions on clusters Reactions in zeolites Reactions in zeolites Reactions in sol gels, aerogels, porous media Reactions in sol gels, aerogels, porous media Reactions in micells Reactions in micells Solid state chemistry Solid state chemistry Atmospheric chemistry (see also 92.60.H- in geophysics) Atmospheric chemistry (see also 92.60.H- in geophysics) Reactions in flames, combustion, and explosions Reactions in flames, combustion, and explosions Plasma reactions (including flowing afterglow and electric discharges) Plasma reactions (including flowing afterglow and electric discharges) Chemistry of MOCVD and other vapor deposition methods (for methods of vapor deposition of films and coatings, see 81.15.Gh, Kk in materials science) Chemistry of MOCVD and other vapor deposition methods (for methods of vapor deposition of films and coatings, see 81.15.Gh, Kk in materials science) Polymers: properties; reactions; polymerization (for polymers in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Wx) Polymers: properties; reactions; polymerization (for polymers in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Wx) Conducting polymers Conducting polymers Nonlinear optics with polymers (see also 42.65.-k in nonlinear optics) Nonlinear optics with polymers (see also 42.65.-k in nonlinear optics) Polymers on surfaces; adhesion (see also 68.35.Np Adhesion in surfaces and interfaces) Polymers on surfaces; adhesion (see also 68.35.Np Adhesion in surfaces and interfaces) Copolymers, phase transitions, structure Copolymers, phase transitions, structure Physical properties of polymers Physical properties of polymers Nanoparticles in polymers (see also 81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization) Nanoparticles in polymers (see also 81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization) Biopolymers, biopolymerization (see also 87.15.rp Polymerization in biological and medical physics) Biopolymers, biopolymerization (see also 87.15.rp Polymerization in biological and medical physics) Polyelectrolytes Polyelectrolytes Single molecule kinetics Single molecule kinetics STM and AFM manipulations of a single molecule (for atom manipulation see 37.10.Gh, Pq in atomic and molecular physics; see also 81.16.Ta Atom manipulation in methods of nanofabrication and processing; 87.80.Nj Single-molecule techniques in biological physics) STM and AFM manipulations of a single molecule (for atom manipulation see 37.10.Gh, Pq in atomic and molecular physics; see also 81.16.Ta Atom manipulation in methods of nanofabrication and processing; 87.80.Nj Single-molecule techniques in biological physics) Single molecule reaction kinetics, dissociation, etc. Single molecule reaction kinetics, dissociation, etc. Single molecule manipulation of proteins and other biological molecules Single molecule manipulation of proteins and other biological molecules Single molecule photochemistry Single molecule photochemistry Chemical kinetics in biological systems (see also 87.15.R- Reactions and kinetics in biological and medical physics, and 82.45.Tv Bioelectrochemistry) Chemical kinetics in biological systems (see also 87.15.R- Reactions and kinetics in biological and medical physics, and 82.45.Tv Bioelectrochemistry) Enzyme kinetics (see also 87.14.ej Enzymes in biological physics) Enzyme kinetics (see also 87.14.ej Enzymes in biological physics) Charge (electron, proton) transfer in biological systems Charge (electron, proton) transfer in biological systems Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA bases Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA bases Reactions in complex biological systems (see also 87.18.-h Biological complexity) Reactions in complex biological systems (see also 87.18.-h Biological complexity) Ion exchange, dialysis, osmosis, electro-osmosis, membrane processes Ion exchange, dialysis, osmosis, electro-osmosis, membrane processes Chemical kinetics and reactions: special regimes and techniques Chemical kinetics and reactions: special regimes and techniques Oscillations, chaos, and bifurcations Oscillations, chaos, and bifurcations Pattern formation in reactions with diffusion, flow and heat transfer (see also 47.54.-r Pattern selection; pattern formation and 47.32.C- Vortex dynamics in fluid dynamics) Pattern formation in reactions with diffusion, flow and heat transfer (see also 47.54.-r Pattern selection; pattern formation and 47.32.C- Vortex dynamics in fluid dynamics) Shock wave initiated reactions, high-pressure chemistry (see also 47.40.Nm Shock wave interactions and shock effects in fluid dynamics, and 62.50.Ef Shock wave effects in solids and liquids) Shock wave initiated reactions, high-pressure chemistry (see also 47.40.Nm Shock wave interactions and shock effects in fluid dynamics, and 62.50.Ef Shock wave effects in solids and liquids) Temporal and spatial patterns in surface reactions Temporal and spatial patterns in surface reactions Complex chemical systems (for complex biological systems, see 82.39.Rt in physical chemistry; 87.18.-h in biological physics) Complex chemical systems (for complex biological systems, see 82.39.Rt in physical chemistry; 87.18.-h in biological physics) Electrochemistry and electrophoresis Electrochemistry and electrophoresis Electrochemical synthesis (see also 81.16.Be Chemical synthesis methods in nanofabrication and 81.20.Ka Chemical synthesis; combustion synthesis in materials science) Electrochemical synthesis (see also 81.16.Be Chemical synthesis methods in nanofabrication and 81.20.Ka Chemical synthesis; combustion synthesis in materials science) Corrosion and passivation (see also 81.65.Kn Corrosion protection and 81.65.Rv Passivation in surface treatments) Corrosion and passivation (see also 81.65.Kn Corrosion protection and 81.65.Rv Passivation in surface treatments) Anodic films Anodic films Electrodes Electrodes Electrolytes (for polyelectrolytes, see 82.35.Rs and 82.45.Wx; see also 66.30.H- Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals) Electrolytes (for polyelectrolytes, see 82.35.Rs and 82.45.Wx; see also 66.30.H- Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals) Electrolysis Electrolysis Surface structure, reactivity and catalysis (see also 82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces) Surface structure, reactivity and catalysis (see also 82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces) Thin layers, films, monolayers, membranes (for anodic films, see 82.45.Cc; for surface double layers, see 73.30.+y in electronic structure of surfaces) Thin layers, films, monolayers, membranes (for anodic films, see 82.45.Cc; for surface double layers, see 73.30.+y in electronic structure of surfaces) Electrodeposition and electrodissolution (see also 81.15.Pq Electrodeposition, electroplating in materials science) Electrodeposition and electrodissolution (see also 81.15.Pq Electrodeposition, electroplating in materials science) Electroanalytical chemistry (see also 82.80.Fk Electrochemical methods in chemical analysis and related physical methods of analysis) Electroanalytical chemistry (see also 82.80.Fk Electrochemical methods in chemical analysis and related physical methods of analysis) Bioelectrochemistry (see also 82.39.-k Chemical kinetics in biological systems; 87.15.Tt Electrophoresis in biological physics) Bioelectrochemistry (see also 82.39.-k Chemical kinetics in biological systems; 87.15.Tt Electrophoresis in biological physics) Dielectric materials in electrochemistry (see also 77.84.-s Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric materials) Dielectric materials in electrochemistry (see also 77.84.-s Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric materials) Semiconductor materials in electrochemistry (see also 81.05.Cy, Dz, Ea, Gc, Hd in specific materials) Semiconductor materials in electrochemistry (see also 81.05.Cy, Dz, Ea, Gc, Hd in specific materials) Polymers and organic materials in electrochemistry (see also 82.35.-x Polymers: properties; reactions; polymerization) Polymers and organic materials in electrochemistry (see also 82.35.-x Polymers: properties; reactions; polymerization) Ceramics in electrochemistry (see also 81.05.Je, Mh in specific materials) Ceramics in electrochemistry (see also 81.05.Je, Mh in specific materials) Nanostructured materials in electrochemistry (for nanofabrication, see 81.16.-c in materials science) Nanostructured materials in electrochemistry (for nanofabrication, see 81.16.-c in materials science) Applied electrochemistry Applied electrochemistry Lithium-ion batteries Lithium-ion batteries Lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and other batteries (for lithium-ion batteries, see 82.47.Aa) Lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and other batteries (for lithium-ion batteries, see 82.47.Aa) Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC) Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC) Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells Photoelectrochemical cells, photoelectrochromic and other hybrid electrochemical energy storage devices (see also 84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion, solar cells and arrays) Photoelectrochemical cells, photoelectrochromic and other hybrid electrochemical energy storage devices (see also 84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion, solar cells and arrays) Molten-carbonate fuel cells (MCFC) Molten-carbonate fuel cells (MCFC) Polymer-electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) Polymer-electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) Phosphoric-acid fuel cells (PAFC); other fuel cells Phosphoric-acid fuel cells (PAFC); other fuel cells Electrochemical sensors Electrochemical sensors Electrochemical displays Electrochemical displays Electrochemical capacitors; supercapacitors Electrochemical capacitors; supercapacitors Electrochemical engineering Electrochemical engineering Photochemistry (for single molecule photochemistry, see 82.37.Vb) Photochemistry (for single molecule photochemistry, see 82.37.Vb) Processes caused by infrared radiation Processes caused by infrared radiation Processes caused by visible and UV light Processes caused by visible and UV light Processes caused by X-rays or gamma-rays Processes caused by X-rays or gamma-rays Control of photochemical reactions Control of photochemical reactions Multiphoton processes Multiphoton processes Femtochemistry [see also 78.47.J- Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy (<1 psec) in condensed matter; 42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical generation and pulse compression in nonlinear optics] Femtochemistry [see also 78.47.J- Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy (<1 psec) in condensed matter; 42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical generation and pulse compression in nonlinear optics] Pump probe studies of photodissociation Pump probe studies of photodissociation Pump probe experiments with bound states Pump probe experiments with bound states Coherent spectroscopy of atoms and molecules Coherent spectroscopy of atoms and molecules Femtosecond probing of semiconductor nanostructures (see also 81.16.-c Methods of nanofabrication and processing) Femtosecond probing of semiconductor nanostructures (see also 81.16.-c Methods of nanofabrication and processing) Femtosecond probing of biological molecules Femtosecond probing of biological molecules Femtochemistry of adsorbed molecules (for adsorbate structure, see 68.43.Bc, Fg in chemisorption/physisorption: adsorbates on surfaces) Femtochemistry of adsorbed molecules (for adsorbate structure, see 68.43.Bc, Fg in chemisorption/physisorption: adsorbates on surfaces) Femtosecond probes of molecules in liquids Femtosecond probes of molecules in liquids Femtosecond probes of molecules in solids and of molecular solids Femtosecond probes of molecules in solids and of molecular solids Nuclear magnetic resonance (see also 33.25.+k Nuclear resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics; 76.60.-k Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation; 76.70.-r Magnetic double resonances and cross effects in condensed matter) Nuclear magnetic resonance (see also 33.25.+k Nuclear resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics; 76.60.-k Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation; 76.70.-r Magnetic double resonances and cross effects in condensed matter) High resolution NMR High resolution NMR Multidimensional NMR Multidimensional NMR Multinuclear NMR Multinuclear NMR Pulse sequences in NMR Pulse sequences in NMR Diffusion Diffusion Relaxation Relaxation NMR of biomolecules NMR of biomolecules Structure determination with NMR Structure determination with NMR Chemical thermodynamics Chemical thermodynamics Enthalpies of combustion, reaction, and formation Enthalpies of combustion, reaction, and formation Heat capacities and heats of phase transitions Heat capacities and heats of phase transitions Chemical equilibria and equilibrium constants Chemical equilibria and equilibrium constants Thermodynamics of solutions Thermodynamics of solutions Thermodynamics of nucleation (see also 64.60.Q- Nucleation-in equations of state, phase equilibria and phase transitions) Thermodynamics of nucleation (see also 64.60.Q- Nucleation-in equations of state, phase equilibria and phase transitions) Thermodynamics of nanoparticles Thermodynamics of nanoparticles Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces (for temporal and spatial patterns in surface reactions, see 82.40.Np; see also 82.45.Jn Surface structure, reactivity and catalysis in electrochemistry) Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces (for temporal and spatial patterns in surface reactions, see 82.40.Np; see also 82.45.Jn Surface structure, reactivity and catalysis in electrochemistry) Disperse systems; complex fluids (see also 82.33.-z reactions in various media; for quantum optical phenomena in dispersive media, see 42.50.Nn) Disperse systems; complex fluids (see also 82.33.-z reactions in various media; for quantum optical phenomena in dispersive media, see 42.50.Nn) Colloids Colloids Gels and sols Gels and sols Emulsions and suspensions Emulsions and suspensions Aerosols and foams Aerosols and foams Surfactants, micellar solutions, vesicles, lamellae, amphiphilic systems, (hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions) (see also 82.30.Rs Hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic effects in specific chemical reactions) Surfactants, micellar solutions, vesicles, lamellae, amphiphilic systems, (hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions) (see also 82.30.Rs Hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic effects in specific chemical reactions) Molecular sieves, zeolites, clathrates, and other complex solids Molecular sieves, zeolites, clathrates, and other complex solids Synthesis, structure determination, structure modeling Synthesis, structure determination, structure modeling Measurements and modeling of molecule migration in zeolites Measurements and modeling of molecule migration in zeolites Measurements and simulation of properties (optical, structural) of molecules in zeolites Measurements and simulation of properties (optical, structural) of molecules in zeolites Mechanism and kinetics of catalysis in zeolites (measurements or simulations) Mechanism and kinetics of catalysis in zeolites (measurements or simulations) Clusters in zeolites Clusters in zeolites Chemical analysis and related physical methods of analysis (for related instrumentation, see section 07; for spectroscopic techniques in biological physics, see 87.64.-t) Chemical analysis and related physical methods of analysis (for related instrumentation, see section 07; for spectroscopic techniques in biological physics, see 87.64.-t) Chromatography Chromatography Analytical methods involving electronic spectroscopy Analytical methods involving electronic spectroscopy X-ray, Mossbauer, and other gamma-ray spectroscopic analysis methods X-ray, Mossbauer, and other gamma-ray spectroscopic analysis methods Electrochemical methods (see also 82.45.Rr Electroanalytical chemistry; for electrochemical sensors, see 82.47.Rs) Electrochemical methods (see also 82.45.Rr Electroanalytical chemistry; for electrochemical sensors, see 82.47.Rs) Analytical methods involving vibrational spectroscopy Analytical methods involving vibrational spectroscopy Analytical methods involving rotational spectroscopy Analytical methods involving rotational spectroscopy Activation analysis and other radiochemical methods Activation analysis and other radiochemical methods Energy-conversion spectro-analytical methods (e.g., photoacoustic, photothermal, and optogalvanic spectroscopic methods) Energy-conversion spectro-analytical methods (e.g., photoacoustic, photothermal, and optogalvanic spectroscopic methods) Mass spectrometry (including SIMS, multiphoton ionization and resonance ionization mass spectrometry, MALDI) Mass spectrometry (including SIMS, multiphoton ionization and resonance ionization mass spectrometry, MALDI) Fourier transform mass spectrometry Fourier transform mass spectrometry Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.) Electron spectroscopy (X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc.) Ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry Ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry Time of flight mass spectrometry Time of flight mass spectrometry Rutherford backscattering (RBS), and other methods of chemical analysis Rutherford backscattering (RBS), and other methods of chemical analysis Other topics in physical chemistry and chemical physics (restricted to new topics in section 82) Other topics in physical chemistry and chemical physics (restricted to new topics in section 82) Rheology (see also section 47 Fluid dynamics; for rheology of the Earth, see 91.32.-m; see also 87.19.rh Fluid transport and rheology in biological physics) Rheology (see also section 47 Fluid dynamics; for rheology of the Earth, see 91.32.-m; see also 87.19.rh Fluid transport and rheology in biological physics) Fundamentals and theoretical Fundamentals and theoretical Kinematics of deformation and flow Kinematics of deformation and flow Continuum mechanics (see also section 46 Continuum mechanics of solids) Continuum mechanics (see also section 46 Continuum mechanics of solids) Constitutive relations Constitutive relations Reptation and tube theories Reptation and tube theories Molecular dynamics, Brownian dynamics Molecular dynamics, Brownian dynamics Particle dynamics Particle dynamics Computer simulation of molecular and particle dynamics Computer simulation of molecular and particle dynamics Structural and phase changes Structural and phase changes Deformation and flow Deformation and flow Steady shear flows, viscometric flow Steady shear flows, viscometric flow Flow in channels (see also 47.60.Dx Flows in ducts and channels in fluid dynamics) Flow in channels (see also 47.60.Dx Flows in ducts and channels in fluid dynamics) Extensional flow and combined shear and extension Extensional flow and combined shear and extension Slip boundary effects (interfacial and free surface flows) (see also 47.45.Gx Slip flows and accommodation in fluid dynamics) Slip boundary effects (interfacial and free surface flows) (see also 47.45.Gx Slip flows and accommodation in fluid dynamics) Wall slip and apparent slip Wall slip and apparent slip Material processing (extension, molding, etc.) Material processing (extension, molding, etc.) Mixing and blending Mixing and blending Material behavior Material behavior Linear viscoelasticity Linear viscoelasticity Nonlinear viscoelasticity Nonlinear viscoelasticity Shear rate dependent viscosity Shear rate dependent viscosity Normal stress differences and their effects (e.g. rod climbing) Normal stress differences and their effects (e.g. rod climbing) Extrudate swell Extrudate swell Viscoplasticity; yield stress Viscoplasticity; yield stress Effects of electric and magnetic fields Effects of electric and magnetic fields Time-dependent structure (thixotropy, rheopexy) Time-dependent structure (thixotropy, rheopexy) Shear rate-dependent structure (shear thinning and shear thickening) Shear rate-dependent structure (shear thinning and shear thickening) Non-isothermal rheology Non-isothermal rheology Wave propagation, fracture, and crack healing Wave propagation, fracture, and crack healing Flow instabilities Flow instabilities Drag reduction Drag reduction Material type (see also 82.70.-y Disperse systems; complex fluids and 82.35.-x Polymers: properties; reactions; polymerization in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Material type (see also 82.70.-y Disperse systems; complex fluids and 82.35.-x Polymers: properties; reactions; polymerization in physical chemistry and chemical physics) Solids: e.g., composites, glasses, semicrystalline polymers Solids: e.g., composites, glasses, semicrystalline polymers Granular solids Granular solids Electro- and magnetorheological fluids Electro- and magnetorheological fluids Suspensions, dispersions, pastes, slurries, colloids Suspensions, dispersions, pastes, slurries, colloids Emulsions and foams Emulsions and foams Reacting systems: thermosetting polymers, chemorheology, rheokinetics Reacting systems: thermosetting polymers, chemorheology, rheokinetics Physical gels and microgels Physical gels and microgels Physiological materials (e.g. blood, collagen, etc.) Physiological materials (e.g. blood, collagen, etc.) Other natural materials (e.g. wood and other vegetable materials) Other natural materials (e.g. wood and other vegetable materials) Geological materials: Earth, magma, ice, rocks, etc. Geological materials: Earth, magma, ice, rocks, etc. Surfactant and micellar systems, associated polymers Surfactant and micellar systems, associated polymers Polymer solutions Polymer solutions Polymer melts Polymer melts Polymer blends Polymer blends Block copolymers Block copolymers Elastomeric polymers Elastomeric polymers Filled elastomers Filled elastomers Liquid crystals: nematic, cholesteric, smectic, discotic, etc. Liquid crystals: nematic, cholesteric, smectic, discotic, etc. Processed food Processed food Techniques and apparatus Techniques and apparatus Rheological measurements-rheometry Rheological measurements-rheometry Optical methods; rheo-optics Optical methods; rheo-optics NMR/magnetic resonance imaging (see also 76.60.Pc NMR imaging in condensed matter) NMR/magnetic resonance imaging (see also 76.60.Pc NMR imaging in condensed matter) X-ray and neutron scattering X-ray and neutron scattering Viscosity measurements Viscosity measurements Normal stress difference measurements Normal stress difference measurements Data analysis (interconversion of data computation of relaxation and retardation spectra; time-temperature superposition, etc.) Data analysis (interconversion of data computation of relaxation and retardation spectra; time-temperature superposition, etc.) Extensional flow measurement Extensional flow measurement Stress relaxation Stress relaxation Creep and/or creep recoil Creep and/or creep recoil Small amplitude oscillatory shear (dynamic mechanical analysis) Small amplitude oscillatory shear (dynamic mechanical analysis) Other topics in rheology (restricted to new topics in section 83) Other topics in rheology (restricted to new topics in section 83) Electronics; radiowave and microwave technology; direct energy conversion and storage Electronics; radiowave and microwave technology; direct energy conversion and storage Electronic circuits (for integrated circuits, see 85.40.-e, for microwave circuits, see 84.40.Dc) Electronic circuits (for integrated circuits, see 85.40.-e, for microwave circuits, see 84.40.Dc) Circuit theory Circuit theory Power electronics; power supply circuits (see also 84.70.+p High-current and high-voltage technology; for superconducting high-power technology, see 84.71.-b) Power electronics; power supply circuits (see also 84.70.+p High-current and high-voltage technology; for superconducting high-power technology, see 84.71.-b) Amplifiers Amplifiers Oscillators, pulse generators, and function generators Oscillators, pulse generators, and function generators Modulators and demodulators; discriminators, comparators, mixers, limiters, and compressors Modulators and demodulators; discriminators, comparators, mixers, limiters, and compressors Pulse and digital circuits Pulse and digital circuits Filters Filters Passive circuit components (see also 07.50.-e Electrical and electronic instruments, and components) Passive circuit components (see also 07.50.-e Electrical and electronic instruments, and components) Connectors, relays, and switches Connectors, relays, and switches Conductors, resistors (including thermistors, varistors, and photoresistors) Conductors, resistors (including thermistors, varistors, and photoresistors) Inductors and coils; wiring Inductors and coils; wiring Capacitors (for electrochemical capacitors and supercapacitors, see 82.47.Uv) Capacitors (for electrochemical capacitors and supercapacitors, see 82.47.Uv) Fuses Fuses Neural networks (for optical neural networks, see 42.79.Ta; see also 07.05.Mh Neural networks, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence in computers in experimental physics; 87.18.Sn in biological complexity) Neural networks (for optical neural networks, see 42.79.Ta; see also 07.05.Mh Neural networks, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence in computers in experimental physics; 87.18.Sn in biological complexity) Measurements in electric variables (including voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, inductance, impedance, and admittance, etc.) Measurements in electric variables (including voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, inductance, impedance, and admittance, etc.) Radiowave and microwave (including millimeter wave) technology Radiowave and microwave (including millimeter wave) technology Waveguides, transmission lines, striplines Waveguides, transmission lines, striplines Antennas: theory, components and accessories (for plasma interactions with antennas, see 52.40.Fd in plasma physics) Antennas: theory, components and accessories (for plasma interactions with antennas, see 52.40.Fd in plasma physics) Microwave circuits Microwave circuits Microwave tubes (e.g., klystrons, magnetrons, traveling-wave, backward-wave tubes, etc.) Microwave tubes (e.g., klystrons, magnetrons, traveling-wave, backward-wave tubes, etc.) Masers; gyrotrons (cyclotron-resonance masers) Masers; gyrotrons (cyclotron-resonance masers) Microwave integrated electronics Microwave integrated electronics Telecommunications: signal transmission and processing; communication satellites (for optical communications, see 42.79.Sz in optics) Telecommunications: signal transmission and processing; communication satellites (for optical communications, see 42.79.Sz in optics) Telemetry: remote control, remote sensing; radar Telemetry: remote control, remote sensing; radar Vacuum tubes (see also 85.45.-w Vacuum microelectronics) Vacuum tubes (see also 85.45.-w Vacuum microelectronics) Electric motors Electric motors Direct energy conversion and storage (see also 89.30.-g Energy resources; for electrochemical conversion, see 82.47.-a; for ocean energy extraction, see 92.05.Jn) Direct energy conversion and storage (see also 89.30.-g Energy resources; for electrochemical conversion, see 82.47.-a; for ocean energy extraction, see 92.05.Jn) Performance characteristics of energy conversion systems; figure of merit Performance characteristics of energy conversion systems; figure of merit Photoelectric conversion: solar cells and arrays (for solar collectors and concentrators, see 42.79.Ek in optics) Photoelectric conversion: solar cells and arrays (for solar collectors and concentrators, see 42.79.Ek in optics) Magnetohydrodynamic conversion (for MHD generators, see 52.75.Fk-in plasma physics) Magnetohydrodynamic conversion (for MHD generators, see 52.75.Fk-in plasma physics) Thermionic conversion (for thermionic generators, see 52.75.Fk-in plasma physics) Thermionic conversion (for thermionic generators, see 52.75.Fk-in plasma physics) Thermoelectric, electrogasdynamic and other direct energy conversion Thermoelectric, electrogasdynamic and other direct energy conversion Energy storage systems, including capacitor banks Energy storage systems, including capacitor banks High-current and high-voltage technology: power systems; power transmission lines and cables (for superconducting cables, see 84.71.Fk) High-current and high-voltage technology: power systems; power transmission lines and cables (for superconducting cables, see 84.71.Fk) Superconducting high-power technology (see also 84.30.Jc Power electronics; power supply circuits) Superconducting high-power technology (see also 84.30.Jc Power electronics; power supply circuits) Superconducting magnets; magnetic levitation devices Superconducting magnets; magnetic levitation devices Superconducting cables Superconducting cables Superconducting wires, fibers, and tapes Superconducting wires, fibers, and tapes Other topics in electronics, radiowave and microwave technology, and direct energy conversion and storage (restricted to new topics in section 84) Other topics in electronics, radiowave and microwave technology, and direct energy conversion and storage (restricted to new topics in section 84) Electronic and magnetic devices; microelectronics Electronic and magnetic devices; microelectronics Superconducting devices Superconducting devices Superconducting device characterization, design, and modeling Superconducting device characterization, design, and modeling Josephson devices Josephson devices Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) Superconducting logic elements and memory devices; microelectronic circuits Superconducting logic elements and memory devices; microelectronic circuits Superconducting optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray detectors (SIS, NIS, transition edge) Superconducting optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray detectors (SIS, NIS, transition edge) Superconducting infrared, submillimeter and millimeter wave detectors Superconducting infrared, submillimeter and millimeter wave detectors Superconducting surface acoustic wave devices and other superconducting devices Superconducting surface acoustic wave devices and other superconducting devices Semiconductor devices (for photodiodes, phototransistors, and photoresistors, see 85.60.Dw; for laser diodes, see 42.55.Px) Semiconductor devices (for photodiodes, phototransistors, and photoresistors, see 85.60.Dw; for laser diodes, see 42.55.Px) Semiconductor-device characterization, design, and modeling Semiconductor-device characterization, design, and modeling Bulk semiconductor and conductivity oscillation devices (including Hall effect devices, space-charge-limited devices, and Gunn effect devices) Bulk semiconductor and conductivity oscillation devices (including Hall effect devices, space-charge-limited devices, and Gunn effect devices) Surface barrier, boundary, and point contact devices Surface barrier, boundary, and point contact devices Junction diodes Junction diodes Junction breakdown and tunneling devices (including resonance tunneling devices) Junction breakdown and tunneling devices (including resonance tunneling devices) Bipolar transistors Bipolar transistors Thyristors Thyristors Field effect devices Field effect devices Nanoelectronic devices Nanoelectronic devices Quantum well devices (quantum dots, quantum wires, etc.) Quantum well devices (quantum dots, quantum wires, etc.) Quantum interference devices Quantum interference devices Single electron devices Single electron devices Nanotube devices Nanotube devices Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology (see also 85.45.-w Vacuum microelectronics) Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology (see also 85.45.-w Vacuum microelectronics) Computer-aided design of microcircuits; layout and modeling Computer-aided design of microcircuits; layout and modeling Lithography, masks and pattern transfer Lithography, masks and pattern transfer Metallization, contacts, interconnects; device isolation Metallization, contacts, interconnects; device isolation Microcircuit quality, noise, performance, and failure analysis Microcircuit quality, noise, performance, and failure analysis Impurity doping, diffusion and ion implantation technology Impurity doping, diffusion and ion implantation technology Deposition technology (for plasma applications in deposition technology, see 52.77.Dq) Deposition technology (for plasma applications in deposition technology, see 52.77.Dq) Hybrid microelectronics; thick films Hybrid microelectronics; thick films Vacuum microelectronics Vacuum microelectronics Vacuum microelectronic device characterization, design, and modeling Vacuum microelectronic device characterization, design, and modeling Field emitters and arrays, cold electron emitters Field emitters and arrays, cold electron emitters Field emission displays (FEDs) Field emission displays (FEDs) Dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric devices Dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric devices Non-volatile ferroelectric memories Non-volatile ferroelectric memories Optoelectronic devices (see also 42.79.-e Optical elements, devices and systems) Optoelectronic devices (see also 42.79.-e Optical elements, devices and systems) Optoelectronic device characterization, design, and modeling Optoelectronic device characterization, design, and modeling Photodiodes; phototransistors; photoresistors Photodiodes; phototransistors; photoresistors Photodetectors (including infrared and CCD detectors) (for superconducting infrared detectors, see 85.25.Pb; for superconducting optical, x-ray and gamma-ray detectors, see 85.25.Oj; see also 07.57.Kp in instruments) Photodetectors (including infrared and CCD detectors) (for superconducting infrared detectors, see 85.25.Pb; for superconducting optical, x-ray and gamma-ray detectors, see 85.25.Oj; see also 07.57.Kp in instruments) Photomultipliers; phototubes and photocathodes Photomultipliers; phototubes and photocathodes Light-emitting devices Light-emitting devices Display systems (for field emission display, see 85.45.Fd, for optical display devices, see 42.79.Kr; for electrochemical displays, see 82.47.Tp; see also 07.07.Hj Display and recording equipment, oscilloscopes, TV cameras, etc.) Display systems (for field emission display, see 85.45.Fd, for optical display devices, see 42.79.Kr; for electrochemical displays, see 82.47.Tp; see also 07.07.Hj Display and recording equipment, oscilloscopes, TV cameras, etc.) Molecular electronic devices Molecular electronic devices Magnetic devices Magnetic devices Magnetic device characterization, design, and modeling Magnetic device characterization, design, and modeling Magnetostrictive, magnetoacoustic, and magnetostatic devices (for magnetostrictive transducers, see 43.38.Ct-in Acoustics Appendix) Magnetostrictive, magnetoacoustic, and magnetostatic devices (for magnetostrictive transducers, see 43.38.Ct-in Acoustics Appendix) Ferrite and garnet devices Ferrite and garnet devices Magnetic thin film devices: magnetic heads (magnetoresistive, inductive, etc.); domain-motion devices, etc. Magnetic thin film devices: magnetic heads (magnetoresistive, inductive, etc.); domain-motion devices, etc. Other magnetic recording and storage devices (including tapes, disks, and drums) Other magnetic recording and storage devices (including tapes, disks, and drums) Magnetic levitation, propulsion and control devices (for superconducting magnetic levitation devices, see 84.71.Ba) Magnetic levitation, propulsion and control devices (for superconducting magnetic levitation devices, see 84.71.Ba) Magnetooptical devices Magnetooptical devices Magnetoelectronics; spintronics: devices exploiting spin polarized transport or integrated magnetic fields Magnetoelectronics; spintronics: devices exploiting spin polarized transport or integrated magnetic fields Magnetic memory using giant magnetoresistance Magnetic memory using giant magnetoresistance Magnetic memory using magnetic tunnel junctions Magnetic memory using magnetic tunnel junctions Reprogrammable magnetic logic Reprogrammable magnetic logic Spin polarized field effect transistors Spin polarized field effect transistors Spin polarized resonant tunnel junctions Spin polarized resonant tunnel junctions Hybrid Hall devices Hybrid Hall devices Magnetic field sensors using spin polarized transport Magnetic field sensors using spin polarized transport Thermoelectromagnetic and other devices (for acoustoelectric devices, see 43.38.-p in Acoustics Appendix; for electrochemical devices, see 82.47.-a) Thermoelectromagnetic and other devices (for acoustoelectric devices, see 43.38.-p in Acoustics Appendix; for electrochemical devices, see 82.47.-a) Thermoelectric devices Thermoelectric devices Magnetoelectric devices Magnetoelectric devices Magnetothermal devices Magnetothermal devices Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices Other topics in electronic and magnetic devices and microelectronics (restricted to new topics in section 85) Other topics in electronic and magnetic devices and microelectronics (restricted to new topics in section 85) Biological and medical physics Biological and medical physics General theory and mathematical aspects General theory and mathematical aspects Analytical theories Analytical theories Ordinary differential equations (ODE), partial differential equations (PDE), integrodifferential models Ordinary differential equations (ODE), partial differential equations (PDE), integrodifferential models Lattice models Lattice models Finite element calculations Finite element calculations Stochastic modeling Stochastic modeling Elasticity theory Elasticity theory Monte Carlo simulations Monte Carlo simulations Molecular dynamics simulation Molecular dynamics simulation Biological information Biological information Biomolecules: types Biomolecules: types Lipids Lipids Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Proteins Proteins Peptides Peptides Enzymes Enzymes Fibrils (amyloids, collagen, etc.) Fibrils (amyloids, collagen, etc.) Membrane proteins Membrane proteins Generic models (lattice, HP, etc.) Generic models (lattice, HP, etc.) Nucleic acids Nucleic acids Nucleotides Nucleotides DNA DNA RNA RNA Hormones Hormones Vitamins Vitamins Biomolecules: structure and physical properties Biomolecules: structure and physical properties Theory, modeling, and computer simulation Theory, modeling, and computer simulation Analytical theories Analytical theories Quantum calculations Quantum calculations Monte Carlo simulations Monte Carlo simulations Molecular dynamics simulation Molecular dynamics simulation Structure of biomolecules Structure of biomolecules Secondary structure Secondary structure Tertiary structure Tertiary structure Structure of aggregates Structure of aggregates Folding: thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, models, and pathways (see also 87.15.hm Folding dynamics) Folding: thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, models, and pathways (see also 87.15.hm Folding dynamics) Bonding; mechanisms of bond breakage Bonding; mechanisms of bond breakage Dynamics of biomolecules Dynamics of biomolecules Dynamics of intermolecular interactions Dynamics of intermolecular interactions Transport dynamics Transport dynamics Folding dynamics Folding dynamics Conformational changes Conformational changes Ultrafast dynamics; charge transfer Ultrafast dynamics; charge transfer Molecular interactions; membrane-protein interactions Molecular interactions; membrane-protein interactions Protein-polynucleotide interactions Protein-polynucleotide interactions Protein-protein interactions Protein-protein interactions Protein-ligand interactions Protein-ligand interactions Protein-solvent interactions Protein-solvent interactions Protein-membrane interactions Protein-membrane interactions Mechanical properties Mechanical properties Spectra of biomolecules Spectra of biomolecules Photodissociation Photodissociation Photoionization Photoionization Luminescence Luminescence Properties of solutions of macromolecules Properties of solutions of macromolecules Dissolution Dissolution Aggregation Aggregation Crystallization Crystallization Electronic and electrical properties Electronic and electrical properties Sequence analysis Sequence analysis Reactions and kinetics (see also 82.39.-k Chemical kinetics in biological systems in physical chemistry) Reactions and kinetics (see also 82.39.-k Chemical kinetics in biological systems in physical chemistry) Polymerization (see also 82.35.Pq Biopolymers, biopolymerization in physical chemistry) Polymerization (see also 82.35.Pq Biopolymers, biopolymerization in physical chemistry) Dissociation Dissociation Electrophoresis (see also 82.45.-h Electrochemistry and electrophoresis) Electrophoresis (see also 82.45.-h Electrochemistry and electrophoresis) Diffusion Diffusion Fluctuations Fluctuations Phase transitions Phase transitions Subcellular structure and processes Subcellular structure and processes Theory, modeling, and simulations Theory, modeling, and simulations Analytical theories Analytical theories Monte Carlo calculations Monte Carlo calculations Lattice models Lattice models Membranes, bilayers, and vesicles Membranes, bilayers, and vesicles Dynamics and fluctuations Dynamics and fluctuations Mechanical properties and rheology Mechanical properties and rheology Transport, including channels, pores, and lateral diffusion Transport, including channels, pores, and lateral diffusion Assembly and interactions Assembly and interactions Structure, static correlations, domains, and rafts Structure, static correlations, domains, and rafts Cell walls Cell walls Filaments, microtubules, their networks, and supramolecular assemblies Filaments, microtubules, their networks, and supramolecular assemblies Cytoskeleton Cytoskeleton Morphology of nerve cells Morphology of nerve cells Motor proteins (myosin, kinesin dynein) Motor proteins (myosin, kinesin dynein) Pseudopods, lamellipods, cilia, and flagella Pseudopods, lamellipods, cilia, and flagella Chromosomes, histones Chromosomes, histones Mitochondria and other organelles Mitochondria and other organelles Active transport processes Active transport processes Ion channels Ion channels Intracellular trafficking Intracellular trafficking Signal transduction and intracellular signaling Signal transduction and intracellular signaling Regulatory genetic and chemical networks Regulatory genetic and chemical networks Nuclear morphology Nuclear morphology Cell processes Cell processes Modeling, computer simulation of cell processes Modeling, computer simulation of cell processes Growth and division Growth and division Cell locomotion, chemotaxis Cell locomotion, chemotaxis Morphogenesis Morphogenesis Cell adhesion and cell mechanics Cell adhesion and cell mechanics Biotechnology of cell processes Biotechnology of cell processes Biological complexity (see also 82.39.Rt Reactions in complex biological systems in physical chemistry) Biological complexity (see also 82.39.Rt Reactions in complex biological systems in physical chemistry) Genetic switches and networks Genetic switches and networks Cell aggregation Cell aggregation Multicellular phenomena, biofilms Multicellular phenomena, biofilms Cell-cell communication; collective behavior of motile cells Cell-cell communication; collective behavior of motile cells Spatiotemporal pattern formation in cellular populations Spatiotemporal pattern formation in cellular populations Signal transduction networks Signal transduction networks Large-scale biological processes and integrative biophysics Large-scale biological processes and integrative biophysics Neural networks and synaptic communication Neural networks and synaptic communication Noise in biological systems Noise in biological systems Systems biology Systems biology Genomics Genomics Proteomics Proteomics Circadian rhythms Circadian rhythms Properties of higher organisms Properties of higher organisms Muscles Muscles Cardiac dynamics Cardiac dynamics Neuroscience Neuroscience Action potential propagation and axons Action potential propagation and axons Noise in the nervous system Noise in the nervous system Electrodynamics in the nervous system Electrodynamics in the nervous system EEG and MEG EEG and MEG MRI: anatomic, functional, spectral, diffusion MRI: anatomic, functional, spectral, diffusion Synapses: chemical and electrical (gap junctions) Synapses: chemical and electrical (gap junctions) Optical imaging of neuronal activity Optical imaging of neuronal activity Neuronal network dynamics Neuronal network dynamics Glia Glia Models of single neurons and networks Models of single neurons and networks Synchronization in the nervous system Synchronization in the nervous system Oscillations and resonance Oscillations and resonance Information theory Information theory Pattern formation: activity and anatomic Pattern formation: activity and anatomic Neuronal wave propagation Neuronal wave propagation Control theory and feedback Control theory and feedback Encoding, decoding, and transformation Encoding, decoding, and transformation Sensory systems: visual, auditory, tactile, taste, and olfaction (for Neurophysiology of speech perception, see 43.71.Qr and 43.72.Qr Auditory synthesis and recognition in Acoustics Appendix; 42.66.-p Physiological optics) Sensory systems: visual, auditory, tactile, taste, and olfaction (for Neurophysiology of speech perception, see 43.71.Qr and 43.72.Qr Auditory synthesis and recognition in Acoustics Appendix; 42.66.-p Physiological optics) Motor systems: Locomotion, flight, vocalization Motor systems: Locomotion, flight, vocalization Learning and memory Learning and memory Plasticity Plasticity Development and growth Development and growth Energetics Energetics Biothermics and thermal processes in biology Biothermics and thermal processes in biology Mechanical and electrical properties of tissues and organs Mechanical and electrical properties of tissues and organs Elastic properties Elastic properties Dielectric properties Dielectric properties Fluid transport and rheology Fluid transport and rheology Contraction Contraction Structure Structure Impulse propagation Impulse propagation Movement Movement Locomotion Locomotion Hemodynamics Hemodynamics Heart and lung dynamics Heart and lung dynamics Peripheral vascular dynamics Peripheral vascular dynamics Blood-brain barrier Blood-brain barrier Pneumodyamics, respiration Pneumodyamics, respiration Diseases Diseases Bacterial diseases Bacterial diseases Viral diseases Viral diseases Parasitic diseases Parasitic diseases Fungal diseases Fungal diseases Prion diseases Prion diseases Cancer Cancer Genetic diseases Genetic diseases Epilepsy Epilepsy Musculoskeletal diseases Musculoskeletal diseases Motor system disease (Parkinson's, etc.) Motor system disease (Parkinson's, etc.) Stroke Stroke Degenerative diseases (Alzheimer's, ALS, etc) Degenerative diseases (Alzheimer's, ALS, etc) Developmental diseases Developmental diseases Gastrointestinal diseases Gastrointestinal diseases Endocrine diseases Endocrine diseases Immune system diseases Immune system diseases Ecology and evolution Ecology and evolution Population dynamics and ecological pattern formation Population dynamics and ecological pattern formation Dynamics of social systems Dynamics of social systems Dynamics of evolution Dynamics of evolution Effects of electromagnetic and acoustic fields on biological systems Effects of electromagnetic and acoustic fields on biological systems Static and low-frequency electric and magnetic fields effects Static and low-frequency electric and magnetic fields effects Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Electrophoresis/dielectrophoresis and other mechanical effects (see also 87.15.Tt Electrophoresis) Electrophoresis/dielectrophoresis and other mechanical effects (see also 87.15.Tt Electrophoresis) Electroporation/membrane effects Electroporation/membrane effects Dosimetry/exposure assessment Dosimetry/exposure assessment Therapeutic applications Therapeutic applications Radiofrequency/microwave fields effects Radiofrequency/microwave fields effects Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Dosimetry/exposure assessment Dosimetry/exposure assessment Therapeutic applications Therapeutic applications Millimeter/terahertz fields effects Millimeter/terahertz fields effects Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Dosimetry/exposure assessment Dosimetry/exposure assessment Therapeutic applications Therapeutic applications Optical/infrared radiation effects Optical/infrared radiation effects Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Dosimetry/exposure assessment Dosimetry/exposure assessment Therapeutic applications Therapeutic applications Biological effects of acoustic and ultrasonic energy Biological effects of acoustic and ultrasonic energy Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Dosimetry/exposure assessment Dosimetry/exposure assessment Therapeutic applications Therapeutic applications Effects of ionizing radiation on biological systems Effects of ionizing radiation on biological systems Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Biophysical mechanisms of interaction Dosimetry/exposure assessment Dosimetry/exposure assessment Therapeutic applications, including brachytherapy Therapeutic applications, including brachytherapy Conformal radiation treatment Conformal radiation treatment Stereotactic radiosurgery Stereotactic radiosurgery Treatment strategy Treatment strategy Treatment planning Treatment planning Optimization Optimization Tissue response Tissue response Dose-volume analysis Dose-volume analysis Simulation Simulation Monte Carlo methods Monte Carlo methods Algorithms Algorithms Applications Applications Verification Verification Radiation monitoring, control, and safety Radiation monitoring, control, and safety Therapeutic applications Therapeutic applications Quality assurance in radiotherapy Quality assurance in radiotherapy Record and verify systems and applications Record and verify systems and applications Design Design Applications Applications Radiation therapy equipment Radiation therapy equipment Radiation sources Radiation sources Accelerators Accelerators Radioactive sources Radioactive sources Ancillary equipment Ancillary equipment Quality assurance equipment Quality assurance equipment Collimation Collimation Field size Field size Field shaping Field shaping Beam intensity modifications Beam intensity modifications Wedges and compensators Wedges and compensators Collimators Collimators Medical imaging Medical imaging Image quality Image quality Spatial resolution Spatial resolution Contrast Contrast Noise Noise Artifacts and distortion Artifacts and distortion Image analysis Image analysis Reconstruction Reconstruction Registration Registration Segmentation Segmentation Smoothing Smoothing Edge enhancement Edge enhancement Computed tomography Computed tomography Single-slice Single-slice Multislice Multislice Computer-aided diagnosis Computer-aided diagnosis Mammography Mammography Nuclear medicine imaging Nuclear medicine imaging Conventional nuclear medicine imaging Conventional nuclear medicine imaging Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) Positron emission tomography (PET) Positron emission tomography (PET) Radiopharmaceuticals Radiopharmaceuticals Dosimetry Dosimetry X-ray imaging X-ray imaging Radiography Radiography Computed radiography Computed radiography Digital radiography Digital radiography Fluoroscopy Fluoroscopy Digital fluoroscopy Digital fluoroscopy Angiography Angiography Mammography Mammography Film mammography Film mammography Digital mammography Digital mammography Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic resonance imaging Theory and principles Theory and principles Instrumentation Instrumentation Pulse sequences Pulse sequences Anatomic imaging Anatomic imaging Flow imaging Flow imaging Functional imaging Functional imaging Clinical applications Clinical applications Non-ionizing radiation equipment and techniques Non-ionizing radiation equipment and techniques Ultrasonography Ultrasonography Ultrasonographic imaging Ultrasonographic imaging Doppler Doppler Thermography Thermography Visual imaging Visual imaging Principles of visualization Principles of visualization Image perception Image perception Image enhancement Image enhancement Transillumination Transillumination Laser imaging Laser imaging Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) Bone densitometry Bone densitometry Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in biophysics and medical physics Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in biophysics and medical physics Computer simulation Computer simulation Electron, neutron and x-ray diffraction and scattering Electron, neutron and x-ray diffraction and scattering Scattering of visible, uv, and infrared radiation Scattering of visible, uv, and infrared radiation Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy Electron microscopy Electron microscopy Spectroscopy Spectroscopy X-ray and EXAFS X-ray and EXAFS EPR EPR NMR NMR Infrared Infrared Raman Raman Electron and photoelectron Electron and photoelectron Magnetic circular dichroism Magnetic circular dichroism Fluorescence Fluorescence Mossbauer Mossbauer Optical microscopy Optical microscopy Bright field Bright field Dark field Dark field Phase contrast and DIC Phase contrast and DIC Confocal Confocal Multiphoton Multiphoton Near-field scanning Near-field scanning Biophysical techniques (research methods) Biophysical techniques (research methods) Optical trapping (see also 42.50.Wk Mechanical effects of light on material media, microstructure and particles in optics; 37.10.-x Atom, molecule, and ion cooling methods) Optical trapping (see also 42.50.Wk Mechanical effects of light on material media, microstructure and particles in optics; 37.10.-x Atom, molecule, and ion cooling methods) Spectroscopies Spectroscopies Mechanical and micromechanical techniques Mechanical and micromechanical techniques Micromanipulation of biological structures Micromanipulation of biological structures Patch clamping and other physiological measurements Patch clamping and other physiological measurements Electrochemical techniques Electrochemical techniques Magnetic and paramagnetic resonance Magnetic and paramagnetic resonance Single-molecule techniques (see also 82.37.Rs Single molecule manipulation of proteins and other biological molecules in physical chemistry) Single-molecule techniques (see also 82.37.Rs Single molecule manipulation of proteins and other biological molecules in physical chemistry) Biochemical separation processes Biochemical separation processes Genomic techniques Genomic techniques Proteomic techniques Proteomic techniques Biomedical engineering Biomedical engineering Applied neuroscience Applied neuroscience Brain-machine interfaces Brain-machine interfaces Cells on a chip Cells on a chip Physical models of neurophysiological processes Physical models of neurophysiological processes Neural networks Neural networks Neural prosthetics Neural prosthetics Electrode stimulation Electrode stimulation Safe limits of charge injection Safe limits of charge injection Tissue damage Tissue damage Smart prosthetics Smart prosthetics Feedback Feedback Feedforward Feedforward Biosensors Biosensors Bidirectional communication Bidirectional communication Biomechanics Biomechanics Fluid mechanics and rheology Fluid mechanics and rheology Movement and locomotion Movement and locomotion Mechanical systems Mechanical systems Biomaterials Biomaterials Electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of biological matter Electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of biological matter Bio-based materials Bio-based materials Biocompatibility Biocompatibility Tissue engineering Tissue engineering Biotechnology (for biotechnology of cell processes, see 87.17.Uv) Biotechnology (for biotechnology of cell processes, see 87.17.Uv) Genetic engineering Genetic engineering Genomics Genomics Proteomics Proteomics Biological signal processing Biological signal processing Biomedical instrumentation and transducers, including micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) Biomedical instrumentation and transducers, including micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) Biomedical imaging Biomedical imaging Nanotechnologies-design Nanotechnologies-design Nanotechnologies-applications Nanotechnologies-applications Robotics Robotics Modeling biomedical systems Modeling biomedical systems Micromanipulators Micromanipulators Micromachining Micromachining Neural engineering (for neural prosthetics, see 87.85.E-) Neural engineering (for neural prosthetics, see 87.85.E-) Dynamical, regulatory, and integrative biology Dynamical, regulatory, and integrative biology Other topics in biological and medical physics (restricted to new topics in section 87) Other topics in biological and medical physics (restricted to new topics in section 87) Other areas of applied and interdisciplinary physics Other areas of applied and interdisciplinary physics Interdisciplinary applications of physics Interdisciplinary applications of physics Industrial and technological research and development Industrial and technological research and development Military technology and weapons systems; arms control Military technology and weapons systems; arms control Computer science and technology Computer science and technology World Wide Web, Internet World Wide Web, Internet Engineering (for electrochemical engineering, see 82.47.Wx; for biomedical engineering, see 87.80.-y) Engineering (for electrochemical engineering, see 82.47.Wx; for biomedical engineering, see 87.80.-y) Forensic science Forensic science Energy resources (see also 84.60.-h Direct energy conversion and storage) Energy resources (see also 84.60.-h Direct energy conversion and storage) Fossil fuels Fossil fuels Solar power Solar power Hydroelectric, hydrothermal, geothermal and wind power Hydroelectric, hydrothermal, geothermal and wind power Nuclear fission power (for fission reactors, see 28.41.-i and 28.50.-k in nuclear physics) Nuclear fission power (for fission reactors, see 28.41.-i and 28.50.-k in nuclear physics) Nuclear fusion power (for fusion reactors, see 28.52.-s in nuclear physics) Nuclear fusion power (for fusion reactors, see 28.52.-s in nuclear physics) Transportation Transportation Land transportation Land transportation Water transportation Water transportation Air transporation Air transporation Environmental studies (for ecology, see 87.23.-n) Environmental studies (for ecology, see 87.23.-n) Environmental safety Environmental safety Environmental regulations Environmental regulations Impact of natural and man-made disasters Impact of natural and man-made disasters Social and economic systems Social and economic systems Demographic studies Demographic studies Social organizations; anthropology Social organizations; anthropology Economics; econophysics, financial markets, business and management Economics; econophysics, financial markets, business and management Urban planning and construction Urban planning and construction Information and communication theory (for telecommunications, see 84.40.Ua; for optical communications, see 42.79.Sz; for quantum information, see 03.67.-a; for applications to neuroscience, see 87.19.lo) Information and communication theory (for telecommunications, see 84.40.Ua; for optical communications, see 42.79.Sz; for quantum information, see 03.67.-a; for applications to neuroscience, see 87.19.lo) Entropy and other measures of information Entropy and other measures of information Computational complexity Computational complexity Communication complexity Communication complexity Channel capacity and error-correcting codes Channel capacity and error-correcting codes Complex systems Complex systems Systems obeying scaling laws Systems obeying scaling laws Structures and organization in complex systems Structures and organization in complex systems Networks and genealogical trees Networks and genealogical trees Patterns Patterns Other topics in areas of applied and interdisciplinary physics (restricted to new topics in section 89) Other topics in areas of applied and interdisciplinary physics (restricted to new topics in section 89) GEOPHYSICS, ASTRONOMY, AND ASTROPHYSICS (for more detailed headings, see the Geophysics Appendix) GEOPHYSICS, ASTRONOMY, AND ASTROPHYSICS (for more detailed headings, see the Geophysics Appendix) Solid Earth physics Solid Earth physics Geodesy and gravity (see also 91.50.Kx Gravity and isostasy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.45.gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Geodesy and gravity (see also 91.50.Kx Gravity and isostasy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.45.gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Mathematical geodesy; general theory Mathematical geodesy; general theory Cartography Cartography Space and satellite geodesy; applications of global positioning systems Space and satellite geodesy; applications of global positioning systems Topography; geometric observations Topography; geometric observations Crustal movements and deformation Crustal movements and deformation Photogrammetry Photogrammetry Rotational variations; polar wobble (see also 92.10.Iv Ocean influence of Earth's rotation) Rotational variations; polar wobble (see also 92.10.Iv Ocean influence of Earth's rotation) Gravity anomalies; time variable gravity Gravity anomalies; time variable gravity Geodetic techniques; gravimetric measurements and instruments Geodetic techniques; gravimetric measurements and instruments Harmonics of the gravity potential field; geopotential theory and determination Harmonics of the gravity potential field; geopotential theory and determination Satellite orbits Satellite orbits Earth tides Earth tides Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/ hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions; mass balance Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/ hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions; mass balance Reference systems Reference systems Global change from geodesy Global change from geodesy Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; geoelectricity (see also 91.50.Iv Marine magnetics and electromagnetics) Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; geoelectricity (see also 91.50.Iv Marine magnetics and electromagnetics) Origins and models of the magnetic field; dynamo theories Origins and models of the magnetic field; dynamo theories Archeomagnetism Archeomagnetism Interactions between exterior sources and interior properties Interactions between exterior sources and interior properties Rock and mineral magnetism (see also 91.60.Pn Magnetic and electrical properties-in Physical properties of rocks and minerals) Rock and mineral magnetism (see also 91.60.Pn Magnetic and electrical properties-in Physical properties of rocks and minerals) Biogenic magnetic minerals Biogenic magnetic minerals Environmental magnetism Environmental magnetism Spatial variations in geomagnetism Spatial variations in geomagnetism Harmonics and anomalies Harmonics and anomalies Attributed to seafloor spreading Attributed to seafloor spreading Time variations in geomagnetism Time variations in geomagnetism Magnetic field reversals: process and timescale Magnetic field reversals: process and timescale Paleomagnetism Paleomagnetism Magnetostratigraphy Magnetostratigraphy Geoelectricity, electromagnetic induction, and telluric currents Geoelectricity, electromagnetic induction, and telluric currents Magnetic anomalies; modeling and interpretations Magnetic anomalies; modeling and interpretations Magnetic fabrics and anisotropy Magnetic fabrics and anisotropy Reference fields: regional; global Reference fields: regional; global Remagnetization Remagnetization Geomagnetic induction Geomagnetic induction Geomagnetic excursion Geomagnetic excursion Core processes Core processes Seismology Seismology Theory and modeling, computational seismology Theory and modeling, computational seismology Seismic sources (mechanisms, magnitude, moment frequency spectrum) Seismic sources (mechanisms, magnitude, moment frequency spectrum) Body wave propagation Body wave propagation Seismicity (see also 91.45.gd-in Geophysics Appendix) Seismicity (see also 91.45.gd-in Geophysics Appendix) Surface waves and free oscillations Surface waves and free oscillations Subduction zones (see also 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Subduction zones (see also 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-ocean ridges (see also 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-ocean ridges (see also 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Transform faults Transform faults Tomography in seismology (see also 91.35.Pn Tomography of the Earth's interior) Tomography in seismology (see also 91.35.Pn Tomography of the Earth's interior) Strong motions and shock waves Strong motions and shock waves Tsunamis (see also 92.10.hl-in Geophysics Appendix) Tsunamis (see also 92.10.hl-in Geophysics Appendix) Earthquakes Earthquakes Nuclear explosion seismology Nuclear explosion seismology Volcano seismology Volcano seismology Core and mantle seismology Core and mantle seismology Continental crust seismology Continental crust seismology Lithosphere seismology (see also 91.45.gf-in Geophysics Appendix) Lithosphere seismology (see also 91.45.gf-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceanic crust seismology Oceanic crust seismology Paleoseismology Paleoseismology Rheology of the Earth Rheology of the Earth General aspects General aspects Crust and lithosphere Crust and lithosphere Mantle Mantle Friction of fault zones Friction of fault zones Earth's interior structure and properties Earth's interior structure and properties Models of interior structure Models of interior structure Heat flow; geothermy (see also 91.50.Ln Heat flow (benthic)-in Marine geology and geophysics) Heat flow; geothermy (see also 91.50.Ln Heat flow (benthic)-in Marine geology and geophysics) Structure of the Earth's interior below the upper mantle Structure of the Earth's interior below the upper mantle Structure of the crust and upper mantle Structure of the crust and upper mantle Composition and state of the Earth's interior (see also 91.67.gb-in Geophysics Appendix) Composition and state of the Earth's interior (see also 91.67.gb-in Geophysics Appendix) Tomography of the Earth's interior (see also 91.30.Jk Tomography in seismology) Tomography of the Earth's interior (see also 91.30.Jk Tomography in seismology) Volcanology (see also 91.30.Tb Volcano seismology) Volcanology (see also 91.30.Tb Volcano seismology) Geochemical modeling Geochemical modeling Tephrochronology; ash deposits Tephrochronology; ash deposits Atmospheric effects (see also 92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols-in Meteorology) Atmospheric effects (see also 92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols-in Meteorology) Eruption mechanisms Eruption mechanisms Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Lava rheology and morphology Lava rheology and morphology Magma migration Magma migration Physics and chemistry of magma bodies Physics and chemistry of magma bodies Thermodynamics in volcanology Thermodynamics in volcanology Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.67.De-in Geochemistry) Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.67.De-in Geochemistry) Subduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Subduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-oceanic ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-oceanic ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Intra-plate processes (see also 91.50.Tb-in Marine geology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Intra-plate processes (see also 91.50.Tb-in Marine geology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Volcanoclastic deposits Volcanoclastic deposits Volcanic gases Volcanic gases Calderas Calderas Remote sensing of volcanoes (see also 93.85.Pq) Remote sensing of volcanoes (see also 93.85.Pq) Volcano monitoring; volcanic hazards and risks Volcano monitoring; volcanic hazards and risks Tectonophysics Tectonophysics Planetary interiors (see also 96.12.Pc-in Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.Nd-in Planetology of fluid planets) Planetary interiors (see also 96.12.Pc-in Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.Nd-in Planetology of fluid planets) Continental tectonics Continental tectonics Plate tectonics Plate tectonics Convection currents and mantle plumes Convection currents and mantle plumes Dynamics and mechanics of tectonics Dynamics and mechanics of tectonics Subduction and obduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology) Subduction and obduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology) Hot spots, large igneous provinces, and flood basalt volcanism Hot spots, large igneous provinces, and flood basalt volcanism Core processes Core processes Evolution of the Earth Evolution of the Earth Tomography of plate tectonics (see also 91.30.Jk-in Seismology) Tomography of plate tectonics (see also 91.30.Jk-in Seismology) Heat generation and transport Heat generation and transport Volcanic arcs Volcanic arcs Stresses in tectonophysics Stresses in tectonophysics Marine geology and geophysics Marine geology and geophysics Back-arc basin processes Back-arc basin processes Continental shelf and slope processes Continental shelf and slope processes Beach and coastal processes Beach and coastal processes Seafloor morphology, geology, and geophysics (see also 92.10.Oc Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes-in oceanography) Seafloor morphology, geology, and geophysics (see also 92.10.Oc Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes-in oceanography) Bathymetry, seafloor topology Bathymetry, seafloor topology Gas and hydrate systems (see also 92.20.Uv-in oceanography) Gas and hydrate systems (see also 92.20.Uv-in oceanography) Marine magnetics and electromagnetics Marine magnetics and electromagnetics Marine sediments, turbidity currents-processes and transport (see also 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Marine sediments, turbidity currents-processes and transport (see also 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Gravity and isostasy Gravity and isostasy Heat flow (benthic) Heat flow (benthic) Littoral processes Littoral processes Marine hydrogeology Marine hydrogeology Micropaleontology Micropaleontology Mid-ocean ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-ocean ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Ocean drilling (see also 93.85.Tf Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits) Ocean drilling (see also 93.85.Tf Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits) Oceanic hotspots and intra-plate volcanism (see also 91.40.Ta-in Volcanology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceanic hotspots and intra-plate volcanism (see also 91.40.Ta-in Volcanology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes Ophiolites Ophiolites Subduction zone processes Subduction zone processes Submarine landslides Submarine landslides Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, Submersibles, and ocean observatories Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, Submersibles, and ocean observatories Structural geology Structural geology Mechanics, theory and modeling Mechanics, theory and modeling Continental neotectonics Continental neotectonics Diapir and diapirism Diapir and diapirism Dynamics and mechanics of faulting (see also 91.32.Jk Friction of fault zones, rheology of) Dynamics and mechanics of faulting (see also 91.32.Jk Friction of fault zones, rheology of) Folds and folding Folds and folding Fractures and faults (see also 91.50.Uv Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes) Fractures and faults (see also 91.50.Uv Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes) Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation High strain deformation zones High strain deformation zones Local crustal structure; regional crustal structure Local crustal structure; regional crustal structure Melanges Melanges Mesoscopic fabrics Mesoscopic fabrics Pluton emplacement Pluton emplacement Role of fluids Role of fluids Remote sensing in structural geology Remote sensing in structural geology Physical properties of rocks and minerals (for rheological properties of geological materials, see 83.80.Nb) Physical properties of rocks and minerals (for rheological properties of geological materials, see 83.80.Nb) Elasticity, fracture, and flow Elasticity, fracture, and flow Plasticity, diffusion, and creep Plasticity, diffusion, and creep Crystal structure and defects, microstructure Crystal structure and defects, microstructure Equations of state Equations of state High-pressure behavior High-pressure behavior Phase changes Phase changes Thermal properties Thermal properties Acoustic properties Acoustic properties Optical properties Optical properties Permeability and porosity Permeability and porosity Magnetic and electrical properties (see also 91.25.F- Rock and mineral magnetism) Magnetic and electrical properties (see also 91.25.F- Rock and mineral magnetism) Wave attenuation Wave attenuation Transport properties Transport properties Biogeosciences (see also 91.67.Uv Organic and biogenic geochemistry; 92.20.Jt Biology of the ocean; 91.80.Kc-in Geophysics Appendix) Biogeosciences (see also 91.67.Uv Organic and biogenic geochemistry; 92.20.Jt Biology of the ocean; 91.80.Kc-in Geophysics Appendix) Mineralogy and petrology Mineralogy and petrology Mineral and crystal chemistry Mineral and crystal chemistry Igneous petrology Igneous petrology Isotopic composition (see also 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry; 91.67.Rx Stable isotope geochemistry) Isotopic composition (see also 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry; 91.67.Rx Stable isotope geochemistry) Extrusive structures and rocks Extrusive structures and rocks Intrusive structures and rocks Intrusive structures and rocks Layered magma chambers Layered magma chambers Metamorphic petrology Metamorphic petrology Pressure-temperature-time paths Pressure-temperature-time paths Fluid flow Fluid flow Ultra-high pressure metamorphism Ultra-high pressure metamorphism Ultra-high temperature metamorphism Ultra-high temperature metamorphism Mineral occurrences and deposits Mineral occurrences and deposits Meteorite mineralogy and petrology Meteorite mineralogy and petrology Sedimentary petrology (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sedimentary petrology (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemistry (see also 92.20.Cm Chemistry of the ocean; 92.40.Bc Chemistry of fresh water; 92.60.Ls Ion chemistry of the atmosphere; 91.62.Kt, 91.80.Kc, and 92.20.C- in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemistry (see also 92.20.Cm Chemistry of the ocean; 92.40.Bc Chemistry of fresh water; 92.60.Ls Ion chemistry of the atmosphere; 91.62.Kt, 91.80.Kc, and 92.20.C- in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical modeling Geochemical modeling Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.40.Qa-in Volcanology) Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.40.Qa-in Volcanology) Geochemical processes Geochemical processes Chemical composition Chemical composition Geochemistry of hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Geochemistry of hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Geochemical cycles (see also 92.20.Sg Biogeochemical cycles-in oceanography; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical cycles (see also 92.20.Sg Biogeochemical cycles-in oceanography; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Major and trace element geochemistry (see also 92.20.Wx Trace elements-in chemical and biological oceanography) Major and trace element geochemistry (see also 92.20.Wx Trace elements-in chemical and biological oceanography) Radiogenic isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.20.Td Radioactivity and radioisotopes-in oceanography) Radiogenic isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.20.Td Radioactivity and radioisotopes-in oceanography) Stable isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology) Stable isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology) Fluid and melt inclusion geochemistry Fluid and melt inclusion geochemistry Sedimentary geochemistry (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sedimentary geochemistry (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Organic and biogenic geochemistry Organic and biogenic geochemistry Low-temperature geochemistry Low-temperature geochemistry Information related to geologic time Information related to geologic time Cenozoic Cenozoic Mesozoic Mesozoic Paleozoic Paleozoic Precambrian Precambrian Geochronology (see also 92.30.Hj-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochronology (see also 92.30.Hj-in Geophysics Appendix) Other topics in solid Earth physics (restricted to new topics in section 91) Other topics in solid Earth physics (restricted to new topics in section 91) Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics General aspects of oceanography General aspects of oceanography Analytical modeling and laboratory experiments Analytical modeling and laboratory experiments Climate and inter-annual variability (see also 92.60.Ry Climatology, climate change and variability-in meteorology; 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Climate and inter-annual variability (see also 92.60.Ry Climatology, climate change and variability-in meteorology; 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Long term variability; Heinrich events Long term variability; Heinrich events Diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles Diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles Physical and chemical properties of seawater (salinity, density, temperature) Physical and chemical properties of seawater (salinity, density, temperature) Ocean energy extraction Ocean energy extraction Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry) Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry) Physical oceanography Physical oceanography Circulation and currents Circulation and currents General circulation General circulation Deep water formation and circulation Deep water formation and circulation Thermohaline convection Thermohaline convection Ocean currents; Eastern boundary currents, Western boundary currents Ocean currents; Eastern boundary currents, Western boundary currents Eddies and mesoscale processes Eddies and mesoscale processes El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.30.La-in Paleoceanography) El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.30.La-in Paleoceanography) Deep ocean processes Deep ocean processes Coriolis effects Coriolis effects Upper ocean and mixed layer processes Upper ocean and mixed layer processes Ocean waves and oscillations Ocean waves and oscillations Ocean influence of Earth's rotation Ocean influence of Earth's rotation Sea-air energy exchange processes (see also 92.60.Cc-in meteorology) Sea-air energy exchange processes (see also 92.60.Cc-in meteorology) Turbulence, diffusion, and mixing processes in oceanography Turbulence, diffusion, and mixing processes in oceanography Fine structure and microstructure in oceanography Fine structure and microstructure in oceanography Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey Sea floor, morphology, geology, and geophysics-in marine geology) Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey Sea floor, morphology, geology, and geophysics-in marine geology) Sea ice (mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes) Sea ice (mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes) Coastal, estuarine, and near shore processes (see also 91.50.Cw Beach and coastal processes-in marine geology) Coastal, estuarine, and near shore processes (see also 91.50.Cw Beach and coastal processes-in marine geology) Fronts and jets Fronts and jets Overflows Overflows Underwater sound (see also 43.30.+m in acoustics; 43.30.-k in Acoustics Appendix) Underwater sound (see also 43.30.+m in acoustics; 43.30.-k in Acoustics Appendix) Sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Vn-in chemical oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in Hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Vn-in chemical oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in Hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Ocean fog Ocean fog Hydrography (for ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods, see 43.30.Pc-in Acoustics Appendix) Hydrography (for ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods, see 43.30.Pc-in Acoustics Appendix) Upwelling and convergences (see also 92.30.Vn-in Geophysics Appendix) Upwelling and convergences (see also 92.30.Vn-in Geophysics Appendix) Chemical and biological oceanography Chemical and biological oceanography Aerosols (see also 92.60.Mt-in meteorology; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Aerosols (see also 92.60.Mt-in meteorology; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Chemistry of the ocean Chemistry of the ocean Anoxic environments (see also 91.62.+g Biogeosciences; 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Anoxic environments (see also 91.62.+g Biogeosciences; 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Benthic processes, sea-bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey-in marine geology; 92.10.Oc-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology) Benthic processes, sea-bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey-in marine geology; 92.10.Oc-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology) Biology of the ocean (see also 91.62.+g Biogeosciences; 92.40.vu Cryobiology-in Geophysics Appendix) Biology of the ocean (see also 91.62.+g Biogeosciences; 92.40.vu Cryobiology-in Geophysics Appendix) Marine pollution Marine pollution Hypoxic environment (see also 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Hypoxic environment (see also 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Radioactivity and radioisotopes (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry) Radioactivity and radioisotopes (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry) Gases in chemical oceanography (see also 91.50.Hc Gas and hydrate systems-in marine geology) Gases in chemical oceanography (see also 91.50.Hc Gas and hydrate systems-in marine geology) Sedimentation (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sedimentation (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Trace elements (see also 91.67.Pq Major and trace element geochemistry) Trace elements (see also 91.67.Pq Major and trace element geochemistry) Carbon cycling (see also 91.62.La-in Geophysics Appendix) Carbon cycling (see also 91.62.La-in Geophysics Appendix) Paleoceanography Paleoceanography Hydrology and glaciology; cryosphere (see also 92.70.Ha-in Global change) Hydrology and glaciology; cryosphere (see also 92.70.Ha-in Global change) Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.30.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.30.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Chemistry of fresh water Chemistry of fresh water Modeling; general theory Modeling; general theory Drought Drought Precipitation (see also 92.60.jf-in Geophysics Appendix) Precipitation (see also 92.60.jf-in Geophysics Appendix) Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Debris flow and landslides Debris flow and landslides Desertification Desertification Evapotranspiration (see also 92.60.jc Evaporation-in Geophysics Appendix) Evapotranspiration (see also 92.60.jc Evaporation-in Geophysics Appendix) Groundwater Groundwater Soil moisture and temperature Soil moisture and temperature Eco-hydrology; plant ecology Eco-hydrology; plant ecology Geomorphology Geomorphology Surface water, water resources Surface water, water resources Glaciology (see also 92.30.Mc-in Geophysics Appendix) Glaciology (see also 92.30.Mc-in Geophysics Appendix) Hydrologic cycles and budgets Hydrologic cycles and budgets Irrigation; dams Irrigation; dams Wetlands Wetlands Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology Properties and dynamics of the atmosphere; meteorology (see also 92.40.Zg Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology) Properties and dynamics of the atmosphere; meteorology (see also 92.40.Zg Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology) Modeling and model calibration (see also 92.70.Np Global climate modeling) Modeling and model calibration (see also 92.70.Np Global climate modeling) General circulation General circulation Ocean/atmosphere interactions, air/sea constituent fluxes (see also 92.10.Kp-in oceanography) Ocean/atmosphere interactions, air/sea constituent fluxes (see also 92.10.Kp-in oceanography) Boundary layer structure and processes Boundary layer structure and processes Winds and their effects Winds and their effects Atmospheric composition, structure, and properties Atmospheric composition, structure, and properties Exospheric composition and chemistry Exospheric composition and chemistry Thermospheric composition and chemistry, energy deposition Thermospheric composition and chemistry, energy deposition Mesospheric composition, energy deposition, constituent transport and chemistry Mesospheric composition, energy deposition, constituent transport and chemistry Stratospheric composition and chemistry Stratospheric composition and chemistry Tropospheric composition and chemistry, constituent transport and chemistry Tropospheric composition and chemistry, constituent transport and chemistry Constituent sources and sinks Constituent sources and sinks Acoustic gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves Acoustic gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves Convection, turbulence, and diffusion (see also 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Convection, turbulence, and diffusion (see also 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg-in oceanography; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg-in oceanography; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Pressure, density, and temperature Pressure, density, and temperature Airglow and aurorae (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Airglow and aurorae (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Other upper atmospheric phenomena: red sprites; blue jets; atmospheric gamma ray and intense VHF emissions Other upper atmospheric phenomena: red sprites; blue jets; atmospheric gamma ray and intense VHF emissions Paleoclimatology (see also 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Paleoclimatology (see also 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Water in the atmosphere Water in the atmosphere Land/atmosphere interactions Land/atmosphere interactions Ion chemistry of the atmosphere Ion chemistry of the atmosphere Particles and aerosols (see also 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Particles and aerosols (see also 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Cloud physics and chemistry Cloud physics and chemistry Tropical meteorology Tropical meteorology Atmospheric electricity, lightning Atmospheric electricity, lightning Storms Storms Climatology, climate change and variability (see also 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb-in Global change; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Climatology, climate change and variability (see also 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb-in Global change; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Air quality and air pollution (see also 07.88.+y Instruments for environmental pollution measurements) Air quality and air pollution (see also 07.88.+y Instruments for environmental pollution measurements) Electromagnetic wave propagation Electromagnetic wave propagation Polar meteorology Polar meteorology Radiative processes, solar radiation Radiative processes, solar radiation Weather analysis and prediction Weather analysis and prediction Stratosphere/troposphere interactions Stratosphere/troposphere interactions Volcanic effects Volcanic effects Global change Global change Abrupt/rapid climate change Abrupt/rapid climate change Land/atmosphere interactions Land/atmosphere interactions Atmosphere Atmosphere Biogeochemical processes Biogeochemical processes Climate dynamics (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Climate dynamics (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Cryospheric change Cryospheric change Geomorphology and weathering (see also 92.40.Gc Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport; 92.40.Pb-in hydrology; 92.40.P- in Geophysics Appendix) Geomorphology and weathering (see also 92.40.Gc Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport; 92.40.Pb-in hydrology; 92.40.P- in Geophysics Appendix) Oceans, sea level change (see also 92.10.hp-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceans, sea level change (see also 92.10.hp-in Geophysics Appendix) Regional climate change (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Regional climate change (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Water cycles Water cycles Impacts of global change; global warming (see also 92.30.Np-in Geophysics Appendix) Impacts of global change; global warming (see also 92.30.Np-in Geophysics Appendix) Global climate modeling Global climate modeling Earth system modeling Earth system modeling Solar variability impact Solar variability impact Land cover change Land cover change Other topics in hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics (restricted to new topics in section 92) Other topics in hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics (restricted to new topics in section 92) Geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques Geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques Information related to geographical regions Information related to geographical regions Africa Africa Antarctica Antarctica Asia Asia Australia Australia Europe Europe North America North America South America South America Large islands (e.g., Greenland) Large islands (e.g., Greenland) Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean Southern Ocean Southern Ocean Regional seas Regional seas Polar regions Polar regions Temperate regions Temperate regions Tropical regions Tropical regions International organizations, national and international programs International organizations, national and international programs Instruments and techniques for geophysical research: Exploration geophysics (see also 91.50.Ga Bathymetry, seafloor topology; 91.50.Yf Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, submersibles, and ocean observatories-in marine geology; 92.10.Yb Hydrography-in oceanography) Instruments and techniques for geophysical research: Exploration geophysics (see also 91.50.Ga Bathymetry, seafloor topology; 91.50.Yf Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, submersibles, and ocean observatories-in marine geology; 92.10.Yb Hydrography-in oceanography) Computational methods and data processing, data acquisition and storage Computational methods and data processing, data acquisition and storage Exploration of continental structures Exploration of continental structures Downhole methods Downhole methods Gravity methods Gravity methods Magnetic and electrical methods Magnetic and electrical methods Exploration of oceanic structures Exploration of oceanic structures Radioactivity methods Radioactivity methods Remote sensing in exploration geophysics (see also 91.40.Yt-in Volcanology; 91.55.Uv-in Structural geology) Remote sensing in exploration geophysics (see also 91.40.Yt-in Volcanology; 91.55.Uv-in Structural geology) Seismic methods Seismic methods Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits (see also 91.50.Sn Ocean drilling) Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits (see also 91.50.Sn Ocean drilling) Other topics in geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques (restricted to new topics in section 93) Other topics in geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques (restricted to new topics in section 93) Physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere Physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere Space plasma physics (see also 96.50.-e Interplanetary physics) Space plasma physics (see also 96.50.-e Interplanetary physics) Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Radiation processes Radiation processes Solitons and solitary waves Solitons and solitary waves Spacecraft/atmosphere interactions Spacecraft/atmosphere interactions Spacecraft sheaths, wakes, and charging Spacecraft sheaths, wakes, and charging Turbulence Turbulence Wave/wave, wave/particle interactions Wave/wave, wave/particle interactions Experimental techniques and laboratory studies (see also 52.72.+v-in physics of plasmas) Experimental techniques and laboratory studies (see also 52.72.+v-in physics of plasmas) Space weather Space weather Physics of the ionosphere (for ionospheres of the planets, see 96.12.ji and 96.15.hk in Geophysics Appendix; for radiowave propagation, see 41.20.Jb-in electromagnetism) Physics of the ionosphere (for ionospheres of the planets, see 96.12.ji and 96.15.hk in Geophysics Appendix; for radiowave propagation, see 41.20.Jb-in electromagnetism) Auroral ionosphere (see also 92.60.hw Airglow and aurorae-in meteorology; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Auroral ionosphere (see also 92.60.hw Airglow and aurorae-in meteorology; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Wave propagation (see also 94.30.Tz-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Wave propagation (see also 94.30.Tz-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Ionospheric modeling and forecasting Ionospheric modeling and forecasting Ionospheric structure, composition Ionospheric structure, composition D region D region E region E region F region F region Polar cap ionosphere Polar cap ionosphere Topside region Topside region Mid-latitude ionosphere Mid-latitude ionosphere Equatorial ionosphere Equatorial ionosphere Ion chemistry and composition; ionization mechanisms Ion chemistry and composition; ionization mechanisms Plasma temperature and density Plasma temperature and density Particle precipitation (see also 94.30.Ny-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Particle precipitation (see also 94.30.Ny-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Electric fields; current system Electric fields; current system Ionospheric soundings; active experiments Ionospheric soundings; active experiments Ionospheric disturbances, irregularities, and storms Ionospheric disturbances, irregularities, and storms Ionospheric dynamics and interactions Ionospheric dynamics and interactions Plasma motion; plasma convection; particle acceleration Plasma motion; plasma convection; particle acceleration Plasma waves and instabilities Plasma waves and instabilities Ionosphere/atmospheric interactions Ionosphere/atmospheric interactions Ionosphere/magnetosphere interactions Ionosphere/magnetosphere interactions Wave/particle interactions Wave/particle interactions Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects Electromagnetic wave propagation Electromagnetic wave propagation Meteor-trail physics Meteor-trail physics Physics of the magnetosphere Physics of the magnetosphere Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere) Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere) Magnetospheric modeling and forecasting Magnetospheric modeling and forecasting Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics Inner magnetosphere Inner magnetosphere Outer magnetosphere Outer magnetosphere Magnetospheric cusp Magnetospheric cusp Magnetopause Magnetopause Magnetosheath Magnetosheath Magnetotail Magnetotail Magnetic reconnection Magnetic reconnection MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities Plasma motion; plasma convection Plasma motion; plasma convection Plasma sheet Plasma sheet Plasmasphere Plasmasphere Polar cap phenomena Polar cap phenomena Energetic trapped particles Energetic trapped particles Electric fields, field-aligned currents and current systems, and ring currents Electric fields, field-aligned currents and current systems, and ring currents Magnetic storms, substorms Magnetic storms, substorms Magnetic pulsations Magnetic pulsations Energetic particle precipitation (see also 94.20.Qq-in Physics of the ionosphere) Energetic particle precipitation (see also 94.20.Qq-in Physics of the ionosphere) Electromagnetic wave propagation (see also 94.20.Bb-in Physics of the ionosphere) Electromagnetic wave propagation (see also 94.20.Bb-in Physics of the ionosphere) Magnetosphere interactions Magnetosphere interactions Radiation belts Radiation belts Instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere Instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere Other topics in space plasma physics, physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere (restricted to new topics in section 94) Other topics in space plasma physics, physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere (restricted to new topics in section 94) Fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations Fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations Fundamental astronomy Fundamental astronomy Celestial mechanics (including <i<n</i<-body problems) (see also 45.50.Pk-in Classical mechanics of discrete systems) Celestial mechanics (including <i<n</i<-body problems) (see also 45.50.Pk-in Classical mechanics of discrete systems) Orbit determination and improvement Orbit determination and improvement Chaotic dynamics (see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) Chaotic dynamics (see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) Eclipses, transits, and occultations Eclipses, transits, and occultations Astrometry and reference systems Astrometry and reference systems Ephemerides, almanacs, and calendars Ephemerides, almanacs, and calendars Fundamental aspects of astrophysics (see also section 26 Nuclear astrophysics) Fundamental aspects of astrophysics (see also section 26 Nuclear astrophysics) Elementary particle processes Elementary particle processes Atomic processes and interactions Atomic processes and interactions Molecular and chemical processes and interactions Molecular and chemical processes and interactions Radiation mechanisms; polarization Radiation mechanisms; polarization Radiative transfer; scattering Radiative transfer; scattering Atomic and molecular data, spectra, and spectral parameters (opacities, rotation constants, line identification, oscillator strengths, <i<gf</i< values, transition probabilities, etc.) Atomic and molecular data, spectra, and spectral parameters (opacities, rotation constants, line identification, oscillator strengths, <i<gf</i< values, transition probabilities, etc.) Hydrodynamics Hydrodynamics Magnetohydrodynamics and plasmas (see also 52.30.Cv and 52.72.+v-in physics of plasmas) Magnetohydrodynamics and plasmas (see also 52.30.Cv and 52.72.+v-in physics of plasmas) Relativity and gravitation (see also section 04 General relativity and gravitation; 98.80.Jk Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology) Relativity and gravitation (see also section 04 General relativity and gravitation; 98.80.Jk Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology) Thermodynamic processes, conduction, convection, equations of state Thermodynamic processes, conduction, convection, equations of state Dust processes (condensation, evaporation, sputtering, mantle growth, etc.) Dust processes (condensation, evaporation, sputtering, mantle growth, etc.) Dark matter (stellar, interstellar, galactic, and cosmological) (see also 95.30.Cq Elementary particle processes; for brown dwarfs, see 97.20.Vs; for galactic halos, see 98.35.Gi or 98.62.Gq; for models of the early Universe, see 98.80.Cq) Dark matter (stellar, interstellar, galactic, and cosmological) (see also 95.30.Cq Elementary particle processes; for brown dwarfs, see 97.20.Vs; for galactic halos, see 98.35.Gi or 98.62.Gq; for models of the early Universe, see 98.80.Cq) Dark energy (see also 98.80.-k Cosmology) Dark energy (see also 98.80.-k Cosmology) Artificial Earth satellites (for lunar and planetary probes, see 95.55.Pe) Artificial Earth satellites (for lunar and planetary probes, see 95.55.Pe) Observatories and site testing Observatories and site testing Astronomical and space-research instrumentation (see also 94.80.+g Instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere) Astronomical and space-research instrumentation (see also 94.80.+g Instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere) Charge-coupled devices, image detectors, and IR detector arrays (see also 85.60.Gz Photodetectors) Charge-coupled devices, image detectors, and IR detector arrays (see also 85.60.Gz Photodetectors) Astrometric and interferometric instruments Astrometric and interferometric instruments Ground-based ultraviolet, optical and infrared telescopes Ground-based ultraviolet, optical and infrared telescopes Solar instruments Solar instruments Space-based ultraviolet, optical, and infrared telescopes Space-based ultraviolet, optical, and infrared telescopes Radio telescopes and instrumentation; heterodyne receivers Radio telescopes and instrumentation; heterodyne receivers X- and gamma-ray telescopes and instrumentation X- and gamma-ray telescopes and instrumentation Lunar, planetary, and deep-space probes Lunar, planetary, and deep-space probes Photometric, polarimetric, and spectroscopic instrumentation Photometric, polarimetric, and spectroscopic instrumentation Photoconductors and bolometers Photoconductors and bolometers Auxiliary and recording instruments; clocks and frequency standards Auxiliary and recording instruments; clocks and frequency standards Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors (see also 29.40.-n Radiation detectors-in Nuclear physics) Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors (see also 29.40.-n Radiation detectors-in Nuclear physics) Gravitational radiation detectors; mass spectrometers; and other instrumentation and techniques (see also 04.80.Nn Gravitational wave detectors and experiments in-General relativity and gravitation) Gravitational radiation detectors; mass spectrometers; and other instrumentation and techniques (see also 04.80.Nn Gravitational wave detectors and experiments in-General relativity and gravitation) Observation and data reduction techniques; computer modeling and simulation Observation and data reduction techniques; computer modeling and simulation Photography and photometry (including microlensing techniques) Photography and photometry (including microlensing techniques) Spectroscopy and spectrophotometry Spectroscopy and spectrophotometry Polarimetry Polarimetry Interferometry Interferometry Image processing (including source extraction) Image processing (including source extraction) Mathematical procedures and computer techniques Mathematical procedures and computer techniques Adaptive and segmented optics (see also 42.68.Wt Remote sensing; LIDAR and adaptive systems-in atmospheric optics) Adaptive and segmented optics (see also 42.68.Wt Remote sensing; LIDAR and adaptive systems-in atmospheric optics) Remote observing techniques Remote observing techniques Digitization techniques Digitization techniques Time series analysis, time variability Time series analysis, time variability Astronomical catalogs, atlases, sky surveys, databases, retrieval systems, archives, etc. Astronomical catalogs, atlases, sky surveys, databases, retrieval systems, archives, etc. Astronomical observations (additional primary heading(s) must be chosen with these entries to represent the astronomical objects and/or properties studied) Astronomical observations (additional primary heading(s) must be chosen with these entries to represent the astronomical objects and/or properties studied) Radio, microwave (<1 mm) Radio, microwave (<1 mm) Submillimeter (300 mum-1 mm) Submillimeter (300 mum-1 mm) Far infrared (10-300 mum) Far infrared (10-300 mum) Infrared (3-10 mum) Infrared (3-10 mum) Near infrared (0.75-3 mum) Near infrared (0.75-3 mum) Visible (390-750 nm) Visible (390-750 nm) Near ultraviolet (300-390 nm) Near ultraviolet (300-390 nm) Ultraviolet (10-300 nm) Ultraviolet (10-300 nm) X-ray X-ray gamma-ray gamma-ray Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particles; cosmic rays Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particles; cosmic rays Gravitational radiation, magnetic fields, and other observations Gravitational radiation, magnetic fields, and other observations Historical astronomy and archaeoastronomy; and other topics in fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations Historical astronomy and archaeoastronomy; and other topics in fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations Solar system; planetology Solar system; planetology General; solar nebula; cosmogony General; solar nebula; cosmogony Planetology of solid surface planets (see also 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Planetology of solid surface planets (see also 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Orbital and rotational dynamics Orbital and rotational dynamics Gravitational fields Gravitational fields Magnetic field and magnetism Magnetic field and magnetism Atmospheres Atmospheres Surfaces Surfaces Composition Composition Interiors Interiors Polar regions Polar regions Heat flow Heat flow Rings and dust Rings and dust Interactions with particles and fields Interactions with particles and fields Tectonics, volcanism Tectonics, volcanism Planetology of fluid planets (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Planetology of fluid planets (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Orbital and rotational dynamics Orbital and rotational dynamics Gravitational fields Gravitational fields Magnetic field and magnetism Magnetic field and magnetism Atmospheres Atmospheres Composition Composition Surfaces Surfaces Interiors Interiors Physical properties of materials Physical properties of materials Impact phenomena Impact phenomena Tori and exospheres Tori and exospheres Rings and dust Rings and dust Interactions with particles and fields Interactions with particles and fields Tidal forces Tidal forces Polar regions Polar regions Moon Moon Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Features, landmarks, mineralogy, and petrology Features, landmarks, mineralogy, and petrology Gravitational field, selenodesy, and magnetic fields Gravitational field, selenodesy, and magnetic fields Impacts, cratering Impacts, cratering Planetology of comets and small bodies Planetology of comets and small bodies Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Orbital and rotational dynamics Orbital and rotational dynamics Atmospheres Atmospheres Composition Composition Ionospheres Ionospheres Magnetic fields and magnetism Magnetic fields and magnetism Gravitational fields Gravitational fields Impact phenomena Impact phenomena Interactions with solar wind plasma and fields Interactions with solar wind plasma and fields Plasma and MHD instabilities Plasma and MHD instabilities Radiation and spectra Radiation and spectra Satellites Satellites Volcanism Volcanism Solar system objects Solar system objects Comparative planetology (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets) Comparative planetology (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets) Comets (see also 96.25.-f Planetology of comets and small bodies) Comets (see also 96.25.-f Planetology of comets and small bodies) Mercury Mercury Venus Venus Mars Mars Martian satellites Martian satellites Dwarf Planets Dwarf Planets Dwarf planet satellites Dwarf planet satellites Jupiter Jupiter Jovian satellites Jovian satellites Io Io Europa Europa Ganymede Ganymede Callisto Callisto Saturn Saturn Saturnian satellites Saturnian satellites Titan Titan Uranus Uranus Uranian satellites Uranian satellites Neptune Neptune Pluto Pluto Neptunian satellites Neptunian satellites Plutonian satellites Plutonian satellites Dust, extraterrestrial materials Dust, extraterrestrial materials Planetary rings Planetary rings Kuiper belt, trans-Neptunian objects Kuiper belt, trans-Neptunian objects Asteroids, meteoroids Asteroids, meteoroids Meteors, meteorites and tektites (see also 91.65.Sn Meteorite mineralogy and petrology; 94.20.Xa Meteor-trail physics; 91.67.gn-in Geophysics Appendix) Meteors, meteorites and tektites (see also 91.65.Sn Meteorite mineralogy and petrology; 94.20.Xa Meteor-trail physics; 91.67.gn-in Geophysics Appendix) Interplanetary physics (see also 94.05.-a Space plasma physics) Interplanetary physics (see also 94.05.-a Space plasma physics) Interplanetary magnetic fields Interplanetary magnetic fields Solar wind plasma; sources of solar wind Solar wind plasma; sources of solar wind Interplanetary dust and gas Interplanetary dust and gas Heliopause and solar wind termination Heliopause and solar wind termination Planetary bow shocks; interplanetary shocks Planetary bow shocks; interplanetary shocks Oort cloud Oort cloud Particle acceleration Particle acceleration Corotating streams Corotating streams Discontinuities Discontinuities Cosmic rays (see also 94.20.wq Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects) Cosmic rays (see also 94.20.wq Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects) Composition, energy spectra and interactions Composition, energy spectra and interactions Extensive air showers Extensive air showers Interactions with terrestrial matter Interactions with terrestrial matter Interplanetary propagation and effects Interplanetary propagation and effects MHD waves; plasma waves, turbulence MHD waves; plasma waves, turbulence Ejecta, driver gases, and magnetic clouds Ejecta, driver gases, and magnetic clouds Energetic particles Energetic particles Solar cycle variations Solar cycle variations Heliosphere/interstellar medium interactions Heliosphere/interstellar medium interactions Pickup ions Pickup ions Neutral particles Neutral particles Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space (see also 91.62.Fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space (see also 91.62.Fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Solar physics Solar physics Diameter, rotation, and mass Diameter, rotation, and mass Composition Composition Electric and magnetic fields, solar magnetism Electric and magnetic fields, solar magnetism Magnetic reconnection Magnetic reconnection Solar interior Solar interior Helioseismology, pulsations, and shock waves Helioseismology, pulsations, and shock waves Photosphere Photosphere Chromosphere Chromosphere Corona Corona Coronal holes Coronal holes Coronal loops, streamers Coronal loops, streamers Coronal mass ejection Coronal mass ejection Solar activity (see also 92.70.Qr-in Global change) Solar activity (see also 92.70.Qr-in Global change) Sun spots, solar cycles Sun spots, solar cycles Flares Flares Prominence eruptions Prominence eruptions Solar electromagnetic emission Solar electromagnetic emission Solar irradiance Solar irradiance Particle emission, solar wind (see also 94.30.vf-in Geophysics Appendix; 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos in nuclear astrophysics) Particle emission, solar wind (see also 94.30.vf-in Geophysics Appendix; 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos in nuclear astrophysics) Transition region Transition region Other topics on the Solar system and planetology (restricted to new topics in section 96) Other topics on the Solar system and planetology (restricted to new topics in section 96) Stars (for relativistic stars, see 04.40.Dg in general relativity and gravitation) Stars (for relativistic stars, see 04.40.Dg in general relativity and gravitation) Stellar characteristics and properties (see also section 26 Nuclear astrophysics) Stellar characteristics and properties (see also section 26 Nuclear astrophysics) Star formation Star formation Stellar structure, interiors, evolution, nucleosynthesis, ages Stellar structure, interiors, evolution, nucleosynthesis, ages Stellar atmospheres (photospheres, chromospheres, coronae, magnetospheres); radiative transfer; opacity and line formation Stellar atmospheres (photospheres, chromospheres, coronae, magnetospheres); radiative transfer; opacity and line formation Circumstellar shells, clouds, and expanding envelopes; circumstellar masers (for interstellar masers, see 98.38.Er or 98.58.Ec) Circumstellar shells, clouds, and expanding envelopes; circumstellar masers (for interstellar masers, see 98.38.Er or 98.58.Ec) Accretion and accretion disks Accretion and accretion disks Stellar activity Stellar activity Stellar rotation Stellar rotation Magnetic and electric fields; polarization of starlight Magnetic and electric fields; polarization of starlight Mass loss and stellar winds Mass loss and stellar winds Masses Masses Radii Radii Surface features (including starspots) Surface features (including starspots) Luminosities; magnitudes; effective temperatures, colors, and spectral classification Luminosities; magnitudes; effective temperatures, colors, and spectral classification Pulsations, oscillations, and stellar seismology Pulsations, oscillations, and stellar seismology Abundances, chemical composition Abundances, chemical composition Distances, parallaxes Distances, parallaxes Proper motions and radial velocities (line-of-sight velocities); space motions (see also 95.10.Jk Astrometry and reference systems) Proper motions and radial velocities (line-of-sight velocities); space motions (see also 95.10.Jk Astrometry and reference systems) Luminosity and mass functions Luminosity and mass functions Star counts, distribution, and statistics Star counts, distribution, and statistics Hertzsprung-Russell, color-magnitude, and color-color diagrams Hertzsprung-Russell, color-magnitude, and color-color diagrams Normal stars (by class): general or individual Normal stars (by class): general or individual Main-sequence: early-type stars (O and B) Main-sequence: early-type stars (O and B) Main-sequence: intermediate-type stars (A and F) Main-sequence: intermediate-type stars (A and F) Main-sequence: late-type stars (G, K, and M) Main-sequence: late-type stars (G, K, and M) Giant and subgiant stars Giant and subgiant stars Supergiant stars Supergiant stars Faint blue stars (including blue stragglers), white dwarfs, degenerate stars, nuclei of planetary nebulae (for planetary nebulae, see 98.38.Ly or 98.58.Li) Faint blue stars (including blue stragglers), white dwarfs, degenerate stars, nuclei of planetary nebulae (for planetary nebulae, see 98.38.Ly or 98.58.Li) Population II stars (horizontal branch, metal poor, etc.) Population II stars (horizontal branch, metal poor, etc.) Low luminosity stars, subdwarfs, and brown dwarfs Low luminosity stars, subdwarfs, and brown dwarfs Population III stars Population III stars Pre-main sequence objects, young stellar objects (YSO's) and protostars (T Tauri stars, Orion population, Herbig-Haro objects, Bok globules, bipolar outflows, cometary nebulae, etc.) (see also 98.38.Fs and 98.58.Fd Jets, outflows and bipolar flows-in the Milky Way and external galaxies respectively) Pre-main sequence objects, young stellar objects (YSO's) and protostars (T Tauri stars, Orion population, Herbig-Haro objects, Bok globules, bipolar outflows, cometary nebulae, etc.) (see also 98.38.Fs and 98.58.Fd Jets, outflows and bipolar flows-in the Milky Way and external galaxies respectively) Variable and peculiar stars (including novae) Variable and peculiar stars (including novae) Low-amplitude blue variables (alpha Cygni, beta Cephei, delta Scuti, delta Delphini, delta Canis Majoris, SX Phoenicius, etc.) Low-amplitude blue variables (alpha Cygni, beta Cephei, delta Scuti, delta Delphini, delta Canis Majoris, SX Phoenicius, etc.) Emission-line stars (Of, Be, Luminous Blue Variables, Wolf-Rayet, etc.) Emission-line stars (Of, Be, Luminous Blue Variables, Wolf-Rayet, etc.) Chemically peculiar stars (Ap, Am, etc.) Chemically peculiar stars (Ap, Am, etc.) Cepheids (delta Cephei, W Virginis) Cepheids (delta Cephei, W Virginis) Carbon stars, S stars, and related types (C, S, R, and N) Carbon stars, S stars, and related types (C, S, R, and N) Long-period variables (Miras) and semiregulars Long-period variables (Miras) and semiregulars RR Lyrae stars; RV Tauri and PV Telescopii variables RR Lyrae stars; RV Tauri and PV Telescopii variables Flare stars (UV Ceti, RS Canum Venaticorum, FU Orionis, R Coronae Borealis variables, etc.) Flare stars (UV Ceti, RS Canum Venaticorum, FU Orionis, R Coronae Borealis variables, etc.) Novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and other cataclysmic (eruptive) variables (see also 97.80.Gm, Jp Cataclysmic binaries and X-ray binaries) Novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and other cataclysmic (eruptive) variables (see also 97.80.Gm, Jp Cataclysmic binaries and X-ray binaries) Unusual and peculiar variables Unusual and peculiar variables Late stages of stellar evolution (including black holes) Late stages of stellar evolution (including black holes) Supernovae (see also 26.30.-k Nucleosynthesis in novae, supernovae, and other explosive stars; for nuclear physics aspects of supernovae evolution, see 26.50.+x) Supernovae (see also 26.30.-k Nucleosynthesis in novae, supernovae, and other explosive stars; for nuclear physics aspects of supernovae evolution, see 26.50.+x) Pulsars Pulsars Neutron stars (see also 26.60.-c Nuclear matter aspects of neutron stars in-Nuclear physics) Neutron stars (see also 26.60.-c Nuclear matter aspects of neutron stars in-Nuclear physics) Black holes (see also 04.70.-s Physics of black holes in-General relativity and gravitation; for galactic black holes, see 98.35.Jk and 98.62.Js) Black holes (see also 04.70.-s Physics of black holes in-General relativity and gravitation; for galactic black holes, see 98.35.Jk and 98.62.Js) Binary and multiple stars Binary and multiple stars Astrometric and interferometric binaries Astrometric and interferometric binaries Visual binaries Visual binaries Spectroscopic binaries; close binaries Spectroscopic binaries; close binaries Cataclysmic binaries (novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and nova-like objects); symbiotic stars (see also 97.30.Qt Novae) Cataclysmic binaries (novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and nova-like objects); symbiotic stars (see also 97.30.Qt Novae) Eclipsing binaries Eclipsing binaries X-ray binaries (see also 98.70.Qy X-ray sources and 97.60.Gb Pulsars) X-ray binaries (see also 98.70.Qy X-ray sources and 97.60.Gb Pulsars) Multiple stars Multiple stars Extrasolar planetary systems Extrasolar planetary systems Photometric and spectroscopic detection; coronographic detection; interferometric detection Photometric and spectroscopic detection; coronographic detection; interferometric detection Substellar companions; planets Substellar companions; planets Infrared excess; debris disks; protoplanetary disks; exo-zodiacal dust Infrared excess; debris disks; protoplanetary disks; exo-zodiacal dust Other topics on stars (restricted to new topics in section 97) Other topics on stars (restricted to new topics in section 97) Stellar systems; interstellar medium; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe Stellar systems; interstellar medium; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe Stellar dynamics and kinematics Stellar dynamics and kinematics Stellar clusters and associations Stellar clusters and associations Associations of stars (OB, T, R) in the Milky Way Associations of stars (OB, T, R) in the Milky Way Associations of stars (OB, T, R) in external galaxies Associations of stars (OB, T, R) in external galaxies Open clusters in the Milky Way Open clusters in the Milky Way Open clusters in external galaxies Open clusters in external galaxies Globular clusters in the Milky Way Globular clusters in the Milky Way Globular clusters in external galaxies Globular clusters in external galaxies Characteristics and properties of the Milky Way galaxy Characteristics and properties of the Milky Way galaxy Origin, formation, evolution, age, and star formation Origin, formation, evolution, age, and star formation Chemical composition and chemical evolution Chemical composition and chemical evolution Mass and mass distribution Mass and mass distribution Kinematics, dynamics, and rotation Kinematics, dynamics, and rotation Electric and magnetic fields Electric and magnetic fields Galactic halo Galactic halo Spiral arms and galactic disk Spiral arms and galactic disk Galactic center, bar, circumnuclear matter, and bulge (including black hole and distance measurements) Galactic center, bar, circumnuclear matter, and bulge (including black hole and distance measurements) Stellar content and populations; morphology and overall structure Stellar content and populations; morphology and overall structure Infall and accretion Infall and accretion Galactic winds and fountains Galactic winds and fountains Solar neighborhood Solar neighborhood Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in Milky Way Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in Milky Way Physical properties (abundances, electron density, magnetic fields, scintillation, scattering, kinematics, dynamics, turbulence, etc.) Physical properties (abundances, electron density, magnetic fields, scintillation, scattering, kinematics, dynamics, turbulence, etc.) Atomic, molecular, chemical, and grain processes Atomic, molecular, chemical, and grain processes Interstellar dust grains; diffuse emission; infrared cirrus Interstellar dust grains; diffuse emission; infrared cirrus Molecular clouds, H<sub<2</sub< clouds, dense clouds, and dark clouds Molecular clouds, H<sub<2</sub< clouds, dense clouds, and dark clouds Interstellar masers (for circumstellar masers, see 97.10.Fy) Interstellar masers (for circumstellar masers, see 97.10.Fy) Jets, outflows, and bipolar flows (for pre-main sequence objects, see 97.21.+a) Jets, outflows, and bipolar flows (for pre-main sequence objects, see 97.21.+a) H I regions and 21-cm lines; diffuse, translucent, and high-velocity clouds H I regions and 21-cm lines; diffuse, translucent, and high-velocity clouds H II regions; emission and reflection nebulae H II regions; emission and reflection nebulae Infrared emission Infrared emission Intercloud medium (ICM); hot and highly ionized gas; bubbles Intercloud medium (ICM); hot and highly ionized gas; bubbles Planetary nebulae (for nuclei of planetary nebulae, see also 97.20.Rp) Planetary nebulae (for nuclei of planetary nebulae, see also 97.20.Rp) Supernova remnants Supernova remnants Normal galaxies; extragalactic objects and systems (by type) Normal galaxies; extragalactic objects and systems (by type) Classification and classification systems Classification and classification systems Elliptical galaxies Elliptical galaxies Lenticular (S0) galaxies Lenticular (S0) galaxies Spiral galaxies Spiral galaxies Irregular and morphologically peculiar galaxies Irregular and morphologically peculiar galaxies Dwarf galaxies (elliptical, irregular, and spheroidal) Dwarf galaxies (elliptical, irregular, and spheroidal) Quasars; active or peculiar galaxies, objects, and systems Quasars; active or peculiar galaxies, objects, and systems Quasars (for quasar absorption and emission-line systems; Lyman forest, see 98.62.Ra) Quasars (for quasar absorption and emission-line systems; Lyman forest, see 98.62.Ra) Active and peculiar galaxies and related systems (including BL Lacertae objects, blazars, Seyfert galaxies, Markarian galaxies, and active galactic nuclei) Active and peculiar galaxies and related systems (including BL Lacertae objects, blazars, Seyfert galaxies, Markarian galaxies, and active galactic nuclei) Starburst galaxies and infrared excess galaxies Starburst galaxies and infrared excess galaxies Radio galaxies Radio galaxies Protogalaxies; primordial galaxies Protogalaxies; primordial galaxies Local group; Magellanic Clouds Local group; Magellanic Clouds Elliptical galaxies Elliptical galaxies Spiral galaxies (M31 and M33) Spiral galaxies (M31 and M33) Magellanic Clouds and other irregular galaxies Magellanic Clouds and other irregular galaxies Magellanic stream Magellanic stream Dwarf galaxies (elliptical, irregular, and spheroidal) Dwarf galaxies (elliptical, irregular, and spheroidal) Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in external galaxies Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in external galaxies Physical properties (abundances, electron density, magnetic fields, scintillation, scattering, kinematics, dynamics, turbulence, etc.) Physical properties (abundances, electron density, magnetic fields, scintillation, scattering, kinematics, dynamics, turbulence, etc.) Atomic, molecular, chemical, and grain processes Atomic, molecular, chemical, and grain processes Interstellar dust grains; diffuse emission; infrared cirrus Interstellar dust grains; diffuse emission; infrared cirrus Molecular clouds, H<sub<2</sub< clouds, dense clouds, and dark clouds Molecular clouds, H<sub<2</sub< clouds, dense clouds, and dark clouds Interstellar masers (for circumstellar masers, see 97.10.Fy) Interstellar masers (for circumstellar masers, see 97.10.Fy) Jets, outflows and bipolar flows (for pre-main sequence objects, see 97.21.+a) Jets, outflows and bipolar flows (for pre-main sequence objects, see 97.21.+a) H I regions and 21-cm lines; diffuse, translucent, and high-velocity clouds H I regions and 21-cm lines; diffuse, translucent, and high-velocity clouds H II regions; emission and reflection nebulae H II regions; emission and reflection nebulae Infrared emission Infrared emission Intercloud medium (ICM); hot and highly ionized gas; bubbles Intercloud medium (ICM); hot and highly ionized gas; bubbles Planetary nebulae (for nuclei of planetary nebulae, see also 97.20.Rp) Planetary nebulae (for nuclei of planetary nebulae, see also 97.20.Rp) Supernova remnants Supernova remnants Tidal tails; H I shells Tidal tails; H I shells Characteristics and properties of external galaxies and extragalactic objects (for the Milky Way, see 98.35.-a) Characteristics and properties of external galaxies and extragalactic objects (for the Milky Way, see 98.35.-a) Origin, formation, evolution, age, and star formation Origin, formation, evolution, age, and star formation Chemical composition and chemical evolution Chemical composition and chemical evolution Masses and mass distribution Masses and mass distribution Kinematics, dynamics, and rotation Kinematics, dynamics, and rotation Electric and magnetic fields Electric and magnetic fields Galactic halos Galactic halos Spiral arms and bars; galactic disks Spiral arms and bars; galactic disks Galactic nuclei (including black holes), circumnuclear matter, and bulges Galactic nuclei (including black holes), circumnuclear matter, and bulges Stellar content and populations; radii; morphology and overall structure Stellar content and populations; radii; morphology and overall structure Infall, accretion, and accretion disks Infall, accretion, and accretion disks Jets and bursts; galactic winds and fountains Jets and bursts; galactic winds and fountains Distances, redshifts, radial velocities; spatial distribution of galaxies (for observational cosmology, see 98.80.Es) Distances, redshifts, radial velocities; spatial distribution of galaxies (for observational cosmology, see 98.80.Es) Magnitudes and colors; luminosities Magnitudes and colors; luminosities Intergalactic matter; quasar absorption and emission-line systems; Lyman forest (for quasars, see 98.54.Aj; for intracluster matter, see 98.65.Hb) Intergalactic matter; quasar absorption and emission-line systems; Lyman forest (for quasars, see 98.54.Aj; for intracluster matter, see 98.65.Hb) Gravitational lenses and luminous arcs (see also 95.30.Sf Relativity and gravitation-in fundamental aspects of astrophysics and section 04 General relativity and gravitation) Gravitational lenses and luminous arcs (see also 95.30.Sf Relativity and gravitation-in fundamental aspects of astrophysics and section 04 General relativity and gravitation) Astrometry; identification Astrometry; identification Statistical and correlative studies of properties (luminosity and mass functions; mass-to-light ratio; Tully-Fisher relation, etc.) Statistical and correlative studies of properties (luminosity and mass functions; mass-to-light ratio; Tully-Fisher relation, etc.) Galaxy groups, clusters, and superclusters; large scale structure of the Universe Galaxy groups, clusters, and superclusters; large scale structure of the Universe Interacting galaxies; galaxy pairs, and triples Interacting galaxies; galaxy pairs, and triples Small and compact galaxy groups Small and compact galaxy groups Galaxy clusters Galaxy clusters Superclusters; large-scale structure of the Universe (including voids, pancakes, great wall, etc.) Superclusters; large-scale structure of the Universe (including voids, pancakes, great wall, etc.) Galaxy mergers, collisions, and tidal interactions Galaxy mergers, collisions, and tidal interactions Intracluster matter; cooling flows Intracluster matter; cooling flows Unidentified sources of radiation outside the Solar System Unidentified sources of radiation outside the Solar System Radio sources Radio sources IR sources (for IR sources in interstellar medium, see 98.38.Jw and/or 98.58.Jg) IR sources (for IR sources in interstellar medium, see 98.38.Jw and/or 98.58.Jg) X-ray sources; X-ray bursts (see also 97.30.Qt Novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and other cataclysmic (eruptive) variables; 97.80.Jp X-ray binaries) X-ray sources; X-ray bursts (see also 97.30.Qt Novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and other cataclysmic (eruptive) variables; 97.80.Jp X-ray binaries) gamma-ray sources; gamma-ray bursts gamma-ray sources; gamma-ray bursts Cosmic rays (including sources, origin, acceleration, and interactions) (see also 26.40.+r Cosmic ray nucleosynthesis-in Nuclear astrophysics) Cosmic rays (including sources, origin, acceleration, and interactions) (see also 26.40.+r Cosmic ray nucleosynthesis-in Nuclear astrophysics) Background radiations Background radiations Cosmology (see also section 04 General relativity and gravitation; for origin and evolution of galaxies, see 98.62.Ai; for elementary particle and nuclear processes, see 95.30.Cq; for dark matter, see 95.35.+d; for dark energy, see 95.36.+x; for superclusters and large-scale structure of the Universe, see 98.65.Dx) Cosmology (see also section 04 General relativity and gravitation; for origin and evolution of galaxies, see 98.62.Ai; for elementary particle and nuclear processes, see 95.30.Cq; for dark matter, see 95.35.+d; for dark energy, see 95.36.+x; for superclusters and large-scale structure of the Universe, see 98.65.Dx) Origin and formation of the Universe Origin and formation of the Universe Particle-theory and field-theory models of the early Universe (including cosmic pancakes, cosmic strings, chaotic phenomena, inflationary universe, etc.) Particle-theory and field-theory models of the early Universe (including cosmic pancakes, cosmic strings, chaotic phenomena, inflationary universe, etc.) Observational cosmology (including Hubble constant, distance scale, cosmological constant, early Universe, etc) Observational cosmology (including Hubble constant, distance scale, cosmological constant, early Universe, etc) Origin, formation, and abundances of the elements (see also 26.35.+c Big Bang nucleosynthesis-in Nuclear astrophysics) Origin, formation, and abundances of the elements (see also 26.35.+c Big Bang nucleosynthesis-in Nuclear astrophysics) Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology Quantum cosmology (see also 04.60.-m Quantum gravity-in General relativity and gravitation) Quantum cosmology (see also 04.60.-m Quantum gravity-in General relativity and gravitation) Other topics on stellar systems; interstellar medium; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe (restricted to new topics in section 98) Other topics on stellar systems; interstellar medium; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe (restricted to new topics in section 98) Errata and other corrections Errata and other corrections Errata Errata Publisher's note Publisher's note Corrected article Corrected article Retraction Retraction Editorial note Editorial note Addenda Addenda Acoustical Society of America (in PACS, see also 01.10.Hx) Acoustical Society of America (in PACS, see also 01.10.Hx) Constitution and bylaws Constitution and bylaws History History Honorary members Honorary members Publications, ARLO, Echoes, ASA Web page, electronic archives and references Publications, ARLO, Echoes, ASA Web page, electronic archives and references Meetings Meetings Members and membership lists, personal notes, fellows Members and membership lists, personal notes, fellows Administrative committee activities Administrative committee activities Technical committee activities; Technical Council Technical committee activities; Technical Council Prizes, medals, and other awards Prizes, medals, and other awards Regional chapters Regional chapters Obituaries Obituaries General General Conferences, lectures, and announcements (not of the Acoustical Society of America) (in PACS, see also 01.10.Cr and 01.10.Fv) Conferences, lectures, and announcements (not of the Acoustical Society of America) (in PACS, see also 01.10.Cr and 01.10.Fv) Other acoustical societies and their publications, online journals, and other electronic publications Other acoustical societies and their publications, online journals, and other electronic publications Biographical, historical, and personal notes (not of the Acoustical Society of America) (in PACS, see also 01.60.+q) Biographical, historical, and personal notes (not of the Acoustical Society of America) (in PACS, see also 01.60.+q) Editorials, Forum Editorials, Forum Books and book reviews (in PACS, see also 01.30.Vv) Books and book reviews (in PACS, see also 01.30.Vv) Bibliographies (in PACS, see also 01.30.Tt) Bibliographies (in PACS, see also 01.30.Tt) Patents Patents Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics Tutorial papers of historical and philosophical nature Tutorial papers of historical and philosophical nature News with relevance to acoustics, nonacoustical theories of interest to acoustics News with relevance to acoustics, nonacoustical theories of interest to acoustics Information technology, internet, nonacoustical devices of interest to acoustics Information technology, internet, nonacoustical devices of interest to acoustics Notes relating to acoustics as a profession Notes relating to acoustics as a profession Education in acoustics, tutorial papers of interest to acoustics educators (in PACS, see also 01.40.-d and 01.50.-i) Education in acoustics, tutorial papers of interest to acoustics educators (in PACS, see also 01.40.-d and 01.50.-i) Errata Errata Standards (in PACS, see also 06.20.fb) Standards (in PACS, see also 06.20.fb) General linear acoustics General linear acoustics Mathematical theory of wave propagation (see also 43.40.At) Mathematical theory of wave propagation (see also 43.40.At) Ray acoustics Ray acoustics Reflection, refraction, diffraction of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Es) Reflection, refraction, diffraction of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Es) Scattering of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Ft, Gv, Hw) Scattering of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Ft, Gv, Hw) Reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, and scattering of elastic and poroelastic waves Reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, and scattering of elastic and poroelastic waves Velocity and attenuation of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Bp, Cq, Es and 43.35.Ae, Bf, Cg) Velocity and attenuation of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Bp, Cq, Es and 43.35.Ae, Bf, Cg) Velocity and attenuation of elastic and poroelastic waves Velocity and attenuation of elastic and poroelastic waves Standing waves, resonance, normal modes (see also 43.25.Gf, 43.40.At, and 43.55.Br) Standing waves, resonance, normal modes (see also 43.25.Gf, 43.40.At, and 43.55.Br) Waveguides, wave propagation in tubes and ducts Waveguides, wave propagation in tubes and ducts Transient radiation and scattering Transient radiation and scattering Steady-state radiation from sources, impedance, radiation patterns, boundary element methods Steady-state radiation from sources, impedance, radiation patterns, boundary element methods Interaction of vibrating structures with surrounding medium (see also 43.40.Rj) Interaction of vibrating structures with surrounding medium (see also 43.40.Rj) Analogies Analogies Measurement methods and instrumentation (see also 43.58.-e) Measurement methods and instrumentation (see also 43.58.-e) Nonlinear acoustics Nonlinear acoustics Parameters of nonlinearity of the medium Parameters of nonlinearity of the medium Macrosonic propagation, finite amplitude sound; shock waves (see also 43.28.Mw and 43.30.Lz) Macrosonic propagation, finite amplitude sound; shock waves (see also 43.28.Mw and 43.30.Lz) Nonlinear acoustics of solids Nonlinear acoustics of solids Effect of nonlinearity on velocity and attenuation Effect of nonlinearity on velocity and attenuation Effect of nonlinearity on acoustic surface waves Effect of nonlinearity on acoustic surface waves Standing waves; resonance (see also 43.20.Ks) Standing waves; resonance (see also 43.20.Ks) Interaction of intense sound waves with noise Interaction of intense sound waves with noise Reflection, refraction, interference, scattering, and diffraction of intense sound waves (see also 43.30.Lz and 43.20.Fn) Reflection, refraction, interference, scattering, and diffraction of intense sound waves (see also 43.30.Lz and 43.20.Fn) Parametric arrays, interaction of sound with sound, virtual sources (see also 43.30.Lz) Parametric arrays, interaction of sound with sound, virtual sources (see also 43.30.Lz) Acoustic streaming Acoustic streaming Radiation pressure (see also 43.58.Pw) Radiation pressure (see also 43.58.Pw) Solitons, chaos Solitons, chaos Nonlinear acoustical and dynamical systems Nonlinear acoustical and dynamical systems Acoustic levitation Acoustic levitation Intense sound sources Intense sound sources Nonlinear acoustics of bubbly liquids Nonlinear acoustics of bubbly liquids Measurement methods and instrumentation for nonlinear acoustics (see also 43.58.-e) Measurement methods and instrumentation for nonlinear acoustics (see also 43.58.-e) Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound Mechanisms affecting sound propagation in air, sound speed in the air Mechanisms affecting sound propagation in air, sound speed in the air Infrasound and acoustic-gravity waves Infrasound and acoustic-gravity waves Interaction of sound with ground surfaces, ground cover and topography, acoustic impedance of outdoor surfaces Interaction of sound with ground surfaces, ground cover and topography, acoustic impedance of outdoor surfaces Outdoor sound propagation through a stationary atmosphere, meteorological factors (see also 43.50.Vt) Outdoor sound propagation through a stationary atmosphere, meteorological factors (see also 43.50.Vt) Outdoor sound propagation and scattering in a turbulent atmosphere, and in non-uniform flow fields Outdoor sound propagation and scattering in a turbulent atmosphere, and in non-uniform flow fields Outdoor sound sources (see also 43.50.Lj, Nm, Sr) Outdoor sound sources (see also 43.50.Lj, Nm, Sr) Numerical models for outdoor propagation Numerical models for outdoor propagation Aerothermoacoustics and combustion acoustics Aerothermoacoustics and combustion acoustics Statistical characteristics of sound fields and propagation parameters (see also 43.50.Rq, 43.60.Cg) Statistical characteristics of sound fields and propagation parameters (see also 43.50.Rq, 43.60.Cg) Shock and blast waves, sonic boom (see also 43.25.Cb and 43.50.Pn) Shock and blast waves, sonic boom (see also 43.25.Cb and 43.50.Pn) Interaction of fluid motion and sound, Doppler effect, and sound in flow ducts Interaction of fluid motion and sound, Doppler effect, and sound in flow ducts Generation of sound by fluid flow, aerodynamic sound and turbulence Generation of sound by fluid flow, aerodynamic sound and turbulence Sound-in-air measurements, methods and instrumentation for location, navigation, altimetry, and sound ranging (see also 43.30.Vh and 43.58.-e) Sound-in-air measurements, methods and instrumentation for location, navigation, altimetry, and sound ranging (see also 43.30.Vh and 43.58.-e) Measurement methods and instrumentation to determine or evaluate atmospheric parameters, winds, turbulence, temperatures, and pollutants in air (see also 43.58.-e) Measurement methods and instrumentation to determine or evaluate atmospheric parameters, winds, turbulence, temperatures, and pollutants in air (see also 43.58.-e) Measurement methods and instrumentation for remote sensing and for inverse problems (see also 43.58.-e) Measurement methods and instrumentation for remote sensing and for inverse problems (see also 43.58.-e) Underwater sound Underwater sound Normal mode propagation of sound in water Normal mode propagation of sound in water Ray propagation of sound in water Ray propagation of sound in water Hybrid and asymptotic propagation theories, related experiments Hybrid and asymptotic propagation theories, related experiments Velocity, attenuation, refraction, and diffraction in water, Doppler effect Velocity, attenuation, refraction, and diffraction in water, Doppler effect Volume scattering Volume scattering Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to combinations of boundaries Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to combinations of boundaries Rough interface scattering Rough interface scattering Radiation from objects vibrating under water, acoustic and mechanical impedance (see also 43.58.Bh) Radiation from objects vibrating under water, acoustic and mechanical impedance (see also 43.58.Bh) Structures and materials for absorbing sound in water; propagation in fluid-filled permeable material Structures and materials for absorbing sound in water; propagation in fluid-filled permeable material Underwater applications of nonlinear acoustics; explosions (see also 43.25.Cb, Lj) Underwater applications of nonlinear acoustics; explosions (see also 43.25.Cb, Lj) Acoustics of sediments; ice covers, viscoelastic media; seismic underwater acoustics Acoustics of sediments; ice covers, viscoelastic media; seismic underwater acoustics Noise in water; generation mechanisms and characteristics of the field (see also 43.50.Nm and 43.28.Ra) Noise in water; generation mechanisms and characteristics of the field (see also 43.50.Nm and 43.28.Ra) Ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods; remote sensing; imaging, inversion, acoustic tomography Ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods; remote sensing; imaging, inversion, acoustic tomography Global scale acoustics; ocean basin thermometry, transbasin acoustics Global scale acoustics; ocean basin thermometry, transbasin acoustics Signal coherence or fluctuation due to sound propagation/scattering in the ocean Signal coherence or fluctuation due to sound propagation/scattering in the ocean Acoustical detection of marine life; passive and active Acoustical detection of marine life; passive and active Navigational instruments using underwater sound Navigational instruments using underwater sound Active sonar systems Active sonar systems Passive sonar systems and algorithms, matched field processing in underwater acoustics (see also 43.60.Kx) Passive sonar systems and algorithms, matched field processing in underwater acoustics (see also 43.60.Kx) Underwater measurement and calibration instrumentation and procedures (see also 43.58.-e) Underwater measurement and calibration instrumentation and procedures (see also 43.58.-e) Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration (see also 43.58.Vb) Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration (see also 43.58.Vb) Experimental modeling Experimental modeling Ultrasonics, quantum acoustics, and physical effects of sound Ultrasonics, quantum acoustics, and physical effects of sound Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in gases Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in gases Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in liquids, liquid crystals, suspensions, and emulsions (see also 43.30.Es, Ft, Gv, Hw) Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in liquids, liquid crystals, suspensions, and emulsions (see also 43.30.Es, Ft, Gv, Hw) Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in solids; elastic constants (see also 43.20.Gp, Jr) Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in solids; elastic constants (see also 43.20.Gp, Jr) Pretersonics (sound of frequency above 10 GHz); Brillouin scattering Pretersonics (sound of frequency above 10 GHz); Brillouin scattering Acoustic cavitation in liquids (see also 43.30.Nb) Acoustic cavitation in liquids (see also 43.30.Nb) Ultrasonic relaxation processes in gases, liquids, and solids Ultrasonic relaxation processes in gases, liquids, and solids Phonons in crystal lattices, quantum acoustics (in PACS, see also 63.20.-e) Phonons in crystal lattices, quantum acoustics (in PACS, see also 63.20.-e) Sonoluminescence Sonoluminescence Plasma acoustics (in PACS, see also 52.35.Dm) Plasma acoustics (in PACS, see also 52.35.Dm) Low-temperature acoustics, sound in liquid helium (in PACS, see also 67.25.dt) Low-temperature acoustics, sound in liquid helium (in PACS, see also 67.25.dt) Acoustics of viscoelastic materials Acoustics of viscoelastic materials Acoustical properties of thin films (in PACS, see also 68.60.Bs) Acoustical properties of thin films (in PACS, see also 68.60.Bs) Surface waves in solids and liquids (in PACS, see also 68.35.Iv and 62.60.+v) Surface waves in solids and liquids (in PACS, see also 68.35.Iv and 62.60.+v) Magnetoacoustic effect; oscillations and resonance (in PACS, see also 75.80.+q and 72.55.+s) Magnetoacoustic effect; oscillations and resonance (in PACS, see also 75.80.+q and 72.55.+s) Acoustooptical effects, optoacoustics, acoustical visualization, acoustical microscopy, and acoustical holography (see also 43.60.Gk, Sx; in PACS, see also 78.20.Hp) Acoustooptical effects, optoacoustics, acoustical visualization, acoustical microscopy, and acoustical holography (see also 43.60.Gk, Sx; in PACS, see also 78.20.Hp) Other physical effects of sound Other physical effects of sound Thermoacoustics, high temperature acoustics, photoacoustic effect Thermoacoustics, high temperature acoustics, photoacoustic effect Chemical effects of ultrasound Chemical effects of ultrasound Biological effects of ultrasound, ultrasonic tomography (see also 43.40.Ng and 43.80.Gx, Jz, Sh) Biological effects of ultrasound, ultrasonic tomography (see also 43.40.Ng and 43.80.Gx, Jz, Sh) Nuclear acoustical resonance, acoustical magnetic resonance Nuclear acoustical resonance, acoustical magnetic resonance Ultrasonic instrumentation and measurement techniques (see also 43.58.-e) Ultrasonic instrumentation and measurement techniques (see also 43.58.-e) Use of ultrasonics in nondestructive testing, industrial processes, and industrial products Use of ultrasonics in nondestructive testing, industrial processes, and industrial products Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound Transducing principles, materials, and structures: general (see also 43.30.Yj and 43.40.Yq) Transducing principles, materials, and structures: general (see also 43.30.Yj and 43.40.Yq) Electrostatic transducers Electrostatic transducers Magnetostrictive transducers Magnetostrictive transducers Electromagnetic and electrodynamic transducers Electromagnetic and electrodynamic transducers Feedback transducers Feedback transducers Piezoelectric and ferroelectric transducers Piezoelectric and ferroelectric transducers Semiconductor transducers Semiconductor transducers Transducer arrays, acoustic interaction effects in arrays (see also 43.30.Yj) Transducer arrays, acoustic interaction effects in arrays (see also 43.30.Yj) Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources (see also 43.20.Rz and 43.38.Tj) Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources (see also 43.20.Rz and 43.38.Tj) Microphones and their calibration (see also 43.30.Yj and 43.40.Yq) Microphones and their calibration (see also 43.30.Yj and 43.40.Yq) Amplifiers, attenuators, and audio controls Amplifiers, attenuators, and audio controls Sound recording and reproducing systems, general concepts Sound recording and reproducing systems, general concepts Mechanical, optical, and photographic recording and reproducing systems Mechanical, optical, and photographic recording and reproducing systems Hydroacoustic and hydraulic transducers Hydroacoustic and hydraulic transducers Magnetic and electrostatic recording and reproducing systems Magnetic and electrostatic recording and reproducing systems Surface acoustic wave transducers (see also 43.25.Fe and 43.35.Pt) Surface acoustic wave transducers (see also 43.25.Fe and 43.35.Pt) Telephones, earphones, sound power telephones, and intercommunication systems Telephones, earphones, sound power telephones, and intercommunication systems Public address systems, sound-reinforcement systems (see also 43.55.Jz) Public address systems, sound-reinforcement systems (see also 43.55.Jz) Stereophonic reproduction Stereophonic reproduction Broadcasting (radio and television) Broadcasting (radio and television) Impulse transducers Impulse transducers Acoustooptic and photoacoustic transducers (see also 43.35.Sx) Acoustooptic and photoacoustic transducers (see also 43.35.Sx) Structural acoustics and vibration Structural acoustics and vibration Experimental and theoretical studies of vibrating systems (see also 43.20.Bi, Ks, Rz) Experimental and theoretical studies of vibrating systems (see also 43.20.Bi, Ks, Rz) Vibrations of strings, rods, and beams Vibrations of strings, rods, and beams Vibrations of membranes and plates Vibrations of membranes and plates Vibrations of shells Vibrations of shells Acoustic scattering by elastic structures Acoustic scattering by elastic structures Nonlinear vibration Nonlinear vibration Random vibration Random vibration Shock and shock reduction and absorption Shock and shock reduction and absorption Impact and impact reduction, mechanical transients Impact and impact reduction, mechanical transients Techniques for nondestructive evaluation and monitoring, acoustic emission (see also 43.35.Zc) Techniques for nondestructive evaluation and monitoring, acoustic emission (see also 43.35.Zc) Effects of vibration and shock on biological systems, including man (see also 43.35.Wa, 43.50.Qp, and 43.80.-n) Effects of vibration and shock on biological systems, including man (see also 43.35.Wa, 43.50.Qp, and 43.80.-n) Seismology and geophysical prospecting; seismographs Seismology and geophysical prospecting; seismographs Effect of sound on structures, fatigue; spatial statistics of structural vibration Effect of sound on structures, fatigue; spatial statistics of structural vibration Radiation from vibrating structures into fluid media Radiation from vibrating structures into fluid media Inverse problems in structural acoustics and vibration Inverse problems in structural acoustics and vibration Vibration isolators, attenuators, and dampers (see also 43.55.Vj) Vibration isolators, attenuators, and dampers (see also 43.55.Vj) Active vibration control Active vibration control Instrumentation and techniques for tests and measurement relating to shock and vibration, including vibration pickups, indicators, and generators, mechanical impedance Instrumentation and techniques for tests and measurement relating to shock and vibration, including vibration pickups, indicators, and generators, mechanical impedance Noise: its effects and control Noise: its effects and control Noisiness: rating methods and criteria Noisiness: rating methods and criteria Noise spectra, determination of sound power Noise spectra, determination of sound power Noise generation (see also 43.28.Ra) Noise generation (see also 43.28.Ra) Noise masking systems Noise masking systems Noise control at source: redesign, application of absorptive materials and reactive elements, mufflers, noise silencers, noise barriers, and attenuators, etc. (see also 43.55.Dt) Noise control at source: redesign, application of absorptive materials and reactive elements, mufflers, noise silencers, noise barriers, and attenuators, etc. (see also 43.55.Dt) Noise control at the ear (see also 43.66.Vt) Noise control at the ear (see also 43.66.Vt) Noise in buildings and general machinery noise (see also 43.55.Ev, Fw, Rg) Noise in buildings and general machinery noise (see also 43.55.Ev, Fw, Rg) Active noise control Active noise control Transportation noise sources: air, road, rail, and marine vehicles Transportation noise sources: air, road, rail, and marine vehicles Aerodynamic and jet noise (see also 43.28.Ra) Aerodynamic and jet noise (see also 43.28.Ra) Impulse noise and noise due to impact (see also 43.40.Kd) Impulse noise and noise due to impact (see also 43.40.Kd) Effects of noise on man and society (see also 43.66.Ed, and 43.80.Nd) Effects of noise on man and society (see also 43.66.Ed, and 43.80.Nd) Environmental noise, measurement, analysis, statistical characteristics Environmental noise, measurement, analysis, statistical characteristics Community noise, noise zoning, by-laws, and legislation Community noise, noise zoning, by-laws, and legislation Topographical and meteorological factors in noise propagation Topographical and meteorological factors in noise propagation Instrumentation and techniques for noise measurement and analysis (see also 43.58.-e) Instrumentation and techniques for noise measurement and analysis (see also 43.58.-e) Architectural acoustics Architectural acoustics Room acoustics: theory and experiment; reverberation, normal modes, diffusion, transient and steady-state response (see also 43.20.Fn ,Ks) Room acoustics: theory and experiment; reverberation, normal modes, diffusion, transient and steady-state response (see also 43.20.Fn ,Ks) Stationary response of rooms to noise; spatial statistics of room response; random testing Stationary response of rooms to noise; spatial statistics of room response; random testing Sound absorption in enclosures: theory and measurement; use of absorption in offices, commercial and domestic spaces (see also 43.50.Jh) Sound absorption in enclosures: theory and measurement; use of absorption in offices, commercial and domestic spaces (see also 43.50.Jh) Sound absorption properties of materials: theory and measurement of sound absorption coefficients; acoustic impedance and admittance Sound absorption properties of materials: theory and measurement of sound absorption coefficients; acoustic impedance and admittance Auditorium and enclosure design (see also 43.50.Gf, Jh) Auditorium and enclosure design (see also 43.50.Gf, Jh) Studies of existing auditoria and enclosures Studies of existing auditoria and enclosures Subjective effects in room acoustics, speech in rooms Subjective effects in room acoustics, speech in rooms Sound-reinforcement systems for rooms and enclosures (see also 43.38.Tj) Sound-reinforcement systems for rooms and enclosures (see also 43.38.Tj) Computer simulation of acoustics in enclosures, modeling (see also 43.58.Ta) Computer simulation of acoustics in enclosures, modeling (see also 43.58.Ta) Electrical simulation of reverberation Electrical simulation of reverberation Room acoustics measuring instruments, computer measurement of room properties (see also 43.58.Fm) Room acoustics measuring instruments, computer measurement of room properties (see also 43.58.Fm) Reverberation room design: theory, applications to measurements of sound absorption, transmission loss, sound power Reverberation room design: theory, applications to measurements of sound absorption, transmission loss, sound power Anechoic chamber design, wedges Anechoic chamber design, wedges Sound transmission through walls and through ducts: theory and measurement Sound transmission through walls and through ducts: theory and measurement Sound-isolating structures, values of transmission coefficients (see also 43.50.Jh) Sound-isolating structures, values of transmission coefficients (see also 43.50.Jh) Vibration-isolating supports in building acoustics (see also 43.40.Tm; in PACS, see 07.10.Fq) Vibration-isolating supports in building acoustics (see also 43.40.Tm; in PACS, see 07.10.Fq) Damping of panels Damping of panels Acoustical measurements and instrumentation (see also specific sections for specialized instrumentation) Acoustical measurements and instrumentation (see also specific sections for specialized instrumentation) Acoustic impedance measurement (see also 43.30.Jx, 43.20.Rz, and 43.40.Yq) Acoustic impedance measurement (see also 43.30.Jx, 43.20.Rz, and 43.40.Yq) Sound velocity Sound velocity Sound level meters, level recorders, sound pressure, particle velocity, and sound intensity measurements, meters, and controllers (see also 43.55.Mc) Sound level meters, level recorders, sound pressure, particle velocity, and sound intensity measurements, meters, and controllers (see also 43.55.Mc) Acoustic impulse analyzers and measurements Acoustic impulse analyzers and measurements Tuning forks, frequency standards; frequency measuring and recording instruments; time standards and chronographs Tuning forks, frequency standards; frequency measuring and recording instruments; time standards and chronographs Wave and tone synthesizers Wave and tone synthesizers Spectrum and frequency analyzers and filters; acoustical and electrical oscillographs; photoacoustic spectrometers; acoustical delay lines and resonators (see also 43.40.Sk) Spectrum and frequency analyzers and filters; acoustical and electrical oscillographs; photoacoustic spectrometers; acoustical delay lines and resonators (see also 43.40.Sk) Acoustical lenses and microscopes (see also 43.35.Sx) Acoustical lenses and microscopes (see also 43.35.Sx) Phase meters Phase meters Rayleigh disks (see also 43.25.Qp) Rayleigh disks (see also 43.25.Qp) Distortion: frequency, nonlinear, phase, and transient; measurement of distortion Distortion: frequency, nonlinear, phase, and transient; measurement of distortion Computers and computer programs in acoustics (see also 43.75.Wx, 43.55.Ka, 43.60.Gk, and 43.70.Jt) Computers and computer programs in acoustics (see also 43.75.Wx, 43.55.Ka, 43.60.Gk, and 43.70.Jt) Calibration of acoustical devices and systems Calibration of acoustical devices and systems Electrical and mechanical oscillators Electrical and mechanical oscillators Acoustic signal processing Acoustic signal processing Theory of acoustic signal processing Theory of acoustic signal processing Acoustic signal detection and classification, applications to control systems Acoustic signal detection and classification, applications to control systems Statistical properties of signals and noise Statistical properties of signals and noise Signal processing for communications: telephony and telemetry, sound pickup and reproduction, multimedia Signal processing for communications: telephony and telemetry, sound pickup and reproduction, multimedia Acoustic signal coding, morphology, and transformation Acoustic signal coding, morphology, and transformation Acoustic array systems and processing, beam-forming Acoustic array systems and processing, beam-forming Space-time signal processing, other than matched field processing (see also 43.35.Sx) Space-time signal processing, other than matched field processing (see also 43.35.Sx) Time-frequency signal processing, wavelets Time-frequency signal processing, wavelets Source localization and parameter estimation Source localization and parameter estimation Matched field processing (see also 43.30.Wi) Matched field processing (see also 43.30.Wi) Acoustic imaging, displays, pattern recognition, feature extraction Acoustic imaging, displays, pattern recognition, feature extraction Adaptive processing Adaptive processing Acoustic signal processing techniques for neural nets and learning systems Acoustic signal processing techniques for neural nets and learning systems Signal processing techniques for acoustic inverse problems Signal processing techniques for acoustic inverse problems Signal processing instrumentation, integrated systems, smart transducers, devices and architectures, displays and interfaces for acoustic systems (see also 43.58.-e) Signal processing instrumentation, integrated systems, smart transducers, devices and architectures, displays and interfaces for acoustic systems (see also 43.58.-e) Remote sensing methods, acoustic tomography Remote sensing methods, acoustic tomography Acoustic holography Acoustic holography Wave front reconstruction, acoustic time-reversal, and phase conjugation Wave front reconstruction, acoustic time-reversal, and phase conjugation Model-based signal processing Model-based signal processing Acoustic sensing and acquisition Acoustic sensing and acquisition Non-stationary signal analysis, non-linear systems, and higher order Non-stationary signal analysis, non-linear systems, and higher order Physiological acoustics Physiological acoustics Models and theories of the auditory system Models and theories of the auditory system Anatomy of the cochlea and auditory nerve Anatomy of the cochlea and auditory nerve Anatomy of the auditory central nervous system Anatomy of the auditory central nervous system Biochemistry and pharmacology of the auditory system Biochemistry and pharmacology of the auditory system Acoustical properties of the outer ear; middle-ear mechanics and reflex Acoustical properties of the outer ear; middle-ear mechanics and reflex Otoacoustic emissions Otoacoustic emissions Cochlear mechanics Cochlear mechanics Physiology of hair cells Physiology of hair cells Effects of electrical stimulation, cochlear implant Effects of electrical stimulation, cochlear implant Cochlear electrophysiology Cochlear electrophysiology Electrophysiology of the auditory nerve Electrophysiology of the auditory nerve Electrophysiology of the auditory central nervous system Electrophysiology of the auditory central nervous system Evoked responses to sounds Evoked responses to sounds Neural responses to speech Neural responses to speech Physiology of sound generation and detection by animals Physiology of sound generation and detection by animals Physiology of the somatosensory system Physiology of the somatosensory system Effects of noise and trauma on the auditory system Effects of noise and trauma on the auditory system Instruments and methods (see also 43.58.-e) Instruments and methods (see also 43.58.-e) Psychological acoustics Psychological acoustics Models and theories of auditory processes Models and theories of auditory processes Loudness, absolute threshold Loudness, absolute threshold Masking Masking Auditory fatigue, temporary threshold shift Auditory fatigue, temporary threshold shift Discrimination: intensity and frequency Discrimination: intensity and frequency Detection and discrimination of sound by animals Detection and discrimination of sound by animals Pitch Pitch Timbre, timbre in musical acoustics Timbre, timbre in musical acoustics Subjective tones Subjective tones Perceptual effects of sound (see also 43.71.-k) Perceptual effects of sound (see also 43.71.-k) Temporal and sequential aspects of hearing; auditory grouping in relation to music Temporal and sequential aspects of hearing; auditory grouping in relation to music Phase effects Phase effects Binaural hearing Binaural hearing Localization of sound sources Localization of sound sources Dichotic listening Dichotic listening Deafness, audiometry, aging effects Deafness, audiometry, aging effects Auditory prostheses, hearing aids Auditory prostheses, hearing aids Hearing protection (see also 43.50.Hg) Hearing protection (see also 43.50.Hg) Vibration and tactile senses Vibration and tactile senses Instruments and methods related to hearing and its measurement (see also 43.58.-e) Instruments and methods related to hearing and its measurement (see also 43.58.-e) Speech production Speech production Anatomy and physiology of the vocal tract, speech aerodynamics, auditory kinetics Anatomy and physiology of the vocal tract, speech aerodynamics, auditory kinetics Models and theories of speech production Models and theories of speech production Disordered speech Disordered speech Development of speech production Development of speech production Acoustical correlates of phonetic segments and suprasegmental properties: stress, timing, and intonation Acoustical correlates of phonetic segments and suprasegmental properties: stress, timing, and intonation Larynx anatomy and function; voice production characteristics Larynx anatomy and function; voice production characteristics Instrumentation and methodology for speech production research Instrumentation and methodology for speech production research Cross-linguistic speech production and acoustics Cross-linguistic speech production and acoustics Relations between speech production and perception Relations between speech production and perception Speech perception Speech perception Models and theories of speech perception (see also 43.66.Ba) Models and theories of speech perception (see also 43.66.Ba) Perception of voice and talker characteristics Perception of voice and talker characteristics Vowel and consonant perception; perception of words, sentences, and fluent speech (see also 43.66.Lj) Vowel and consonant perception; perception of words, sentences, and fluent speech (see also 43.66.Lj) Development of speech perception Development of speech perception Measures of speech perception (intelligibility and quality) Measures of speech perception (intelligibility and quality) Cross-language perception of speech Cross-language perception of speech Speech perception by the hearing impaired (see also 43.66.Ts) Speech perception by the hearing impaired (see also 43.66.Ts) Speech perception by the aging Speech perception by the aging Neurophysiology of speech perception Neurophysiology of speech perception Sensory mechanisms in speech perception Sensory mechanisms in speech perception Spoken language processing by humans Spoken language processing by humans Speech processing and communication systems Speech processing and communication systems Speech analysis and analysis techniques; parametric representation of speech Speech analysis and analysis techniques; parametric representation of speech Neural networks for speech recognition Neural networks for speech recognition Acoustical methods for determining vocal tract shapes Acoustical methods for determining vocal tract shapes Speech-noise interaction Speech-noise interaction Talker identification and adaptation algorithms Talker identification and adaptation algorithms Narrow, medium, and wideband speech coding Narrow, medium, and wideband speech coding Speech synthesis and synthesis techniques Speech synthesis and synthesis techniques Speech communication systems and dialogue systems Speech communication systems and dialogue systems Time and frequency alignment procedures for speech Time and frequency alignment procedures for speech Automatic speech recognition systems Automatic speech recognition systems Automatic talker recognition systems Automatic talker recognition systems Auditory synthesis and recognition Auditory synthesis and recognition Music and musical instruments Music and musical instruments Scales, intonation, vibrato, composition Scales, intonation, vibrato, composition Music perception and cognition Music perception and cognition Bowed stringed instruments Bowed stringed instruments Woodwinds Woodwinds Brass instruments and other lip-vibrated instruments Brass instruments and other lip-vibrated instruments Plucked string instruments Plucked string instruments Drums Drums Bells, gongs, cymbals, mallet percussion, and similar instruments Bells, gongs, cymbals, mallet percussion, and similar instruments Free reed instruments Free reed instruments Pianos and other struck string instruments Pianos and other struck string instruments Pipe organs Pipe organs Reed woodwind instruments Reed woodwind instruments Flutes and similar wind instruments Flutes and similar wind instruments Singing Singing Musical performance, training, and analysis Musical performance, training, and analysis Electro-acoustic and electronic instruments Electro-acoustic and electronic instruments Electronic and computer music Electronic and computer music Automatic music recognition, classification, and information retrieval Automatic music recognition, classification, and information retrieval Instrumentation and measurement methods for musical acoustics Instrumentation and measurement methods for musical acoustics Analysis, synthesis, and processing of musical sounds Analysis, synthesis, and processing of musical sounds Bioacoustics Bioacoustics Acoustical characteristics of biological media: molecular species, cellular level tissues Acoustical characteristics of biological media: molecular species, cellular level tissues Acoustical measurement methods in biological systems and media Acoustical measurement methods in biological systems and media Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action (in PACS, see also 87.50.Y-) Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action (in PACS, see also 87.50.Y-) Use of acoustic energy (with or without other forms) in studies of structure and function of biological systems (in PACS, see also 87.50.Y-) Use of acoustic energy (with or without other forms) in studies of structure and function of biological systems (in PACS, see also 87.50.Y-) Sound production by animals: mechanisms, characteristics, populations, biosonar (see also 43.30.Nb and 43.64.Tk) Sound production by animals: mechanisms, characteristics, populations, biosonar (see also 43.30.Nb and 43.64.Tk) Sound reception by animals: anatomy, physiology, auditory capacities, processing (see also 43.64.Tk, 43.66.Gf) Sound reception by animals: anatomy, physiology, auditory capacities, processing (see also 43.64.Tk, 43.66.Gf) Effects of noise on animals and associated behavior, protective mechanisms (see also 43.50.Qp, 43.64.Tk) Effects of noise on animals and associated behavior, protective mechanisms (see also 43.50.Qp, 43.64.Tk) Agroacoustics Agroacoustics Medical diagnosis with acoustics (in PACS, see also 87.63.D-) Medical diagnosis with acoustics (in PACS, see also 87.63.D-) Medical use of ultrasonics for tissue modification (permanent and temporary) (in PACS, see also 87.50.Y-) Medical use of ultrasonics for tissue modification (permanent and temporary) (in PACS, see also 87.50.Y-) Acoustical medical instrumentation and measurement techniques (see also 43.66.Ts and 43.58.-e) Acoustical medical instrumentation and measurement techniques (see also 43.66.Ts and 43.58.-e) Solid Earth physics Solid Earth physics Geodesy and gravity (see also 91.50.Kx Gravity and isostasy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.45.gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Geodesy and gravity (see also 91.50.Kx Gravity and isostasy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.45.gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Mathematical geodesy; general theory Mathematical geodesy; general theory Cartography Cartography Space and satellite geodesy; applications of global positioning systems Space and satellite geodesy; applications of global positioning systems Topography; geometric observations Topography; geometric observations Crustal movements and deformation Crustal movements and deformation Photogrammetry Photogrammetry Rotational variations; polar wobble (see also 92.10.Iv Ocean influence of Earth's rotation) Rotational variations; polar wobble (see also 92.10.Iv Ocean influence of Earth's rotation) Gravity anomalies; time variable gravity Gravity anomalies; time variable gravity Geodetic techniques; gravimetric measurements and instruments Geodetic techniques; gravimetric measurements and instruments Atmospheric monitoring with geodetic techniques Atmospheric monitoring with geodetic techniques Ocean monitoring with geodetic techniques Ocean monitoring with geodetic techniques Harmonics of the gravity potential field; geopotential theory and determination Harmonics of the gravity potential field; geopotential theory and determination Satellite orbits Satellite orbits Earth tides Earth tides Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/ hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions; mass balance Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/ hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions; mass balance Reference systems Reference systems Global change from geodesy Global change from geodesy Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; geoelectricity (see also 91.50.Iv Marine magnetics and electromagnetics) Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; geoelectricity (see also 91.50.Iv Marine magnetics and electromagnetics) Origins and models of the magnetic field; dynamo theories Origins and models of the magnetic field; dynamo theories Archeomagnetism Archeomagnetism Interactions between exterior sources and interior properties Interactions between exterior sources and interior properties Rock and mineral magnetism (see also 91.60.Pn Magnetic and electrical properties-in Physical properties of rocks and minerals) Rock and mineral magnetism (see also 91.60.Pn Magnetic and electrical properties-in Physical properties of rocks and minerals) Biogenic magnetic minerals Biogenic magnetic minerals Environmental magnetism Environmental magnetism Spatial variations in geomagnetism Spatial variations in geomagnetism Harmonics and anomalies Harmonics and anomalies Attributed to seafloor spreading Attributed to seafloor spreading Time variations in geomagnetism Time variations in geomagnetism Rapid time variations Rapid time variations Diurnal to decadal Diurnal to decadal Secular and longer Secular and longer Magnetic field reversals: process and timescale Magnetic field reversals: process and timescale Paleomagnetism Paleomagnetism Paleointensity Paleointensity Applied to tectonics: regional; global Applied to tectonics: regional; global Applied to geologic processes Applied to geologic processes Paleomagnetic secular variation Paleomagnetic secular variation Magnetostratigraphy Magnetostratigraphy Geoelectricity, electromagnetic induction, and telluric currents Geoelectricity, electromagnetic induction, and telluric currents Magnetic anomalies; modeling and interpretations Magnetic anomalies; modeling and interpretations Magnetic fabrics and anisotropy Magnetic fabrics and anisotropy Reference fields: regional; global Reference fields: regional; global Remagnetization Remagnetization Geomagnetic induction Geomagnetic induction Geomagnetic excursion Geomagnetic excursion Core processes Core processes Seismology Seismology Theory and modeling, computational seismology Theory and modeling, computational seismology Seismic sources (mechanisms, magnitude, moment frequency spectrum) Seismic sources (mechanisms, magnitude, moment frequency spectrum) Body wave propagation Body wave propagation Seismicity (see also 91.45.gd-in Geophysics Appendix) Seismicity (see also 91.45.gd-in Geophysics Appendix) Surface waves and free oscillations Surface waves and free oscillations Subduction zones (see also 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Subduction zones (see also 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-ocean ridges (see also 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-ocean ridges (see also 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Transform faults Transform faults Tomography in seismology (see also 91.35.Pn Tomography of the Earth's interior) Tomography in seismology (see also 91.35.Pn Tomography of the Earth's interior) Strong motions and shock waves Strong motions and shock waves Tsunamis (see also 92.10.hl-in Geophysics Appendix) Tsunamis (see also 92.10.hl-in Geophysics Appendix) Earthquakes Earthquakes Dynamics and mechanics Dynamics and mechanics Ground motions and engineering seismology Ground motions and engineering seismology Magnitudes and parameters Magnitudes and parameters Hazard assessment, forecasting, and prediction Hazard assessment, forecasting, and prediction Nuclear explosion seismology Nuclear explosion seismology Volcano seismology Volcano seismology Core and mantle seismology Core and mantle seismology Continental crust seismology Continental crust seismology Lithosphere seismology (see also 91.45.gf-in Geophysics Appendix) Lithosphere seismology (see also 91.45.gf-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceanic crust seismology Oceanic crust seismology Paleoseismology Paleoseismology Rheology of the Earth Rheology of the Earth General aspects General aspects Crust and lithosphere Crust and lithosphere Mantle Mantle Friction of fault zones Friction of fault zones Earth's interior structure and properties Earth's interior structure and properties Models of interior structure Models of interior structure Heat flow; geothermy (see also 91.50.Ln Heat flow (benthic)-in Marine geology and geophysics) Heat flow; geothermy (see also 91.50.Ln Heat flow (benthic)-in Marine geology and geophysics) Structure of the Earth's interior below the upper mantle Structure of the Earth's interior below the upper mantle Structure of the crust and upper mantle Structure of the crust and upper mantle Composition and state of the Earth's interior (see also 91.67.gb-in Geophysics Appendix) Composition and state of the Earth's interior (see also 91.67.gb-in Geophysics Appendix) Tomography of the Earth's interior (see also 91.30.Jk Tomography in seismology) Tomography of the Earth's interior (see also 91.30.Jk Tomography in seismology) Volcanology (see also 91.30.Tb Volcano seismology) Volcanology (see also 91.30.Tb Volcano seismology) Geochemical modeling Geochemical modeling Tephrochronology; ash deposits Tephrochronology; ash deposits Atmospheric effects (see also 92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols-in Meteorology) Atmospheric effects (see also 92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols-in Meteorology) Eruption mechanisms Eruption mechanisms Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Lava rheology and morphology Lava rheology and morphology Magma migration Magma migration Physics and chemistry of magma bodies Physics and chemistry of magma bodies Thermodynamics in volcanology Thermodynamics in volcanology Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.67.De-in Geochemistry) Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.67.De-in Geochemistry) Subduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Subduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology; 91.67.fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-oceanic ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-oceanic ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Intra-plate processes (see also 91.50.Tb-in Marine geology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Intra-plate processes (see also 91.50.Tb-in Marine geology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Volcanoclastic deposits Volcanoclastic deposits Volcanic gases Volcanic gases Calderas Calderas Remote sensing of volcanoes (see also 93.85.Pq) Remote sensing of volcanoes (see also 93.85.Pq) Volcano monitoring; volcanic hazards and risks Volcano monitoring; volcanic hazards and risks Tectonophysics Tectonophysics Planetary interiors (see also 96.12.Pc-in Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.Nd-in Planetology of fluid planets) Planetary interiors (see also 96.12.Pc-in Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.Nd-in Planetology of fluid planets) Continental tectonics Continental tectonics General aspects General aspects Orogenic belts Orogenic belts Continental margins and continental cratons Continental margins and continental cratons Continental neotectonics Continental neotectonics Extensional, tectonics (rift basins) Extensional, tectonics (rift basins) Strike-slip tectonics Strike-slip tectonics Plate tectonics Plate tectonics Plate boundaries: general aspects Plate boundaries: general aspects Plate motions: general aspects Plate motions: general aspects Plate motions: past Plate motions: past Plate motions: present and recent Plate motions: present and recent Convection currents and mantle plumes Convection currents and mantle plumes Dynamics and mechanics of tectonics Dynamics and mechanics of tectonics Seismotectonics (see also 91.30.Dk Seismicity) Seismotectonics (see also 91.30.Dk Seismicity) Lithospheric dynamics; flexure (see also 91.30.Wx Lithosphere seismology; 91.32.De Crust and lithosphere, rheology of) Lithospheric dynamics; flexure (see also 91.30.Wx Lithosphere seismology; 91.32.De Crust and lithosphere, rheology of) Gravity and tectonics Gravity and tectonics Subduction and obduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology) Subduction and obduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.40.Rs-in Volcanology) Hot spots, large igneous provinces, and flood basalt volcanism Hot spots, large igneous provinces, and flood basalt volcanism Core processes Core processes Evolution of the Earth Evolution of the Earth Tomography of plate tectonics (see also 91.30.Jk-in Seismology) Tomography of plate tectonics (see also 91.30.Jk-in Seismology) Heat generation and transport Heat generation and transport Volcanic arcs Volcanic arcs Stresses in tectonophysics Stresses in tectonophysics General aspects General aspects Crust and lithosphere (see also 91.30.Wx Lithosphere seismology) Crust and lithosphere (see also 91.30.Wx Lithosphere seismology) Deep-seated stresses Deep-seated stresses Marine geology and geophysics Marine geology and geophysics Back-arc basin processes Back-arc basin processes Continental shelf and slope processes Continental shelf and slope processes Beach and coastal processes Beach and coastal processes Seafloor morphology, geology, and geophysics (see also 92.10.Oc Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes-in oceanography) Seafloor morphology, geology, and geophysics (see also 92.10.Oc Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes-in oceanography) Bathymetry, seafloor topology Bathymetry, seafloor topology Gas and hydrate systems (see also 92.20.Uv-in oceanography) Gas and hydrate systems (see also 92.20.Uv-in oceanography) Marine magnetics and electromagnetics Marine magnetics and electromagnetics Marine sediments, turbidity currents-processes and transport (see also 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Marine sediments, turbidity currents-processes and transport (see also 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Gravity and isostasy Gravity and isostasy Heat flow (benthic) Heat flow (benthic) Littoral processes Littoral processes Marine hydrogeology Marine hydrogeology Micropaleontology Micropaleontology Mid-ocean ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Mid-ocean ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.67.ff-in Geophysics Appendix) Ocean drilling (see also 93.85.Tf Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits) Ocean drilling (see also 93.85.Tf Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits) Oceanic hotspots and intra-plate volcanism (see also 91.40.Ta-in Volcanology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceanic hotspots and intra-plate volcanism (see also 91.40.Ta-in Volcanology; 91.67.fh-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes Ophiolites Ophiolites Subduction zone processes Subduction zone processes Submarine landslides Submarine landslides Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, Submersibles, and ocean observatories Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, Submersibles, and ocean observatories Structural geology Structural geology Mechanics, theory and modeling Mechanics, theory and modeling Continental neotectonics Continental neotectonics Diapir and diapirism Diapir and diapirism Dynamics and mechanics of faulting (see also 91.32.Jk Friction of fault zones, rheology of) Dynamics and mechanics of faulting (see also 91.32.Jk Friction of fault zones, rheology of) Folds and folding Folds and folding Fractures and faults (see also 91.50.Uv Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes) Fractures and faults (see also 91.50.Uv Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes) Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation High strain deformation zones High strain deformation zones Local crustal structure; regional crustal structure Local crustal structure; regional crustal structure Melanges Melanges Mesoscopic fabrics Mesoscopic fabrics Pluton emplacement Pluton emplacement Role of fluids Role of fluids Remote sensing in structural geology Remote sensing in structural geology Physical properties of rocks and minerals (for rheological properties of geological materials, see 83.80.Nb) Physical properties of rocks and minerals (for rheological properties of geological materials, see 83.80.Nb) Elasticity, fracture, and flow Elasticity, fracture, and flow Plasticity, diffusion, and creep Plasticity, diffusion, and creep Crystal structure and defects, microstructure Crystal structure and defects, microstructure Equations of state Equations of state High-pressure behavior High-pressure behavior Phase changes Phase changes Thermal properties Thermal properties Acoustic properties Acoustic properties Optical properties Optical properties Permeability and porosity Permeability and porosity Magnetic and electrical properties (see also 91.25.F- Rock and mineral magnetism) Magnetic and electrical properties (see also 91.25.F- Rock and mineral magnetism) Wave attenuation Wave attenuation Transport properties Transport properties Biogeosciences (see also 91.67.Uv Organic and biogenic geochemistry; 91.80.Kc Chemical and biological geochronology; 92.20.J- Biology of the ocean) Biogeosciences (see also 91.67.Uv Organic and biogenic geochemistry; 91.80.Kc Chemical and biological geochronology; 92.20.J- Biology of the ocean) Agricultural systems Agricultural systems Anoxic and hypoxic environments (see also 92.20.Hs and 92.20.Ox-in Chemical and biological oceanography) Anoxic and hypoxic environments (see also 92.20.Hs and 92.20.Ox-in Chemical and biological oceanography) Astrobiology and extraterrestrial materials (see also 96.55.+z Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space) Astrobiology and extraterrestrial materials (see also 96.55.+z Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space) Biodiversity Biodiversity Bioremediation Bioremediation Biogeochemical kinetics Biogeochemical kinetics Carbon cycling, nitrogen cycling (see also 92.20.Xy-in Oceanography) Carbon cycling, nitrogen cycling (see also 92.20.Xy-in Oceanography) Ecosystems, structure and dynamics, plant ecology Ecosystems, structure and dynamics, plant ecology Evolutionary geobiology Evolutionary geobiology Geomicrobiology Geomicrobiology Nutrients and nutrient cycling Nutrients and nutrient cycling Land pollution, soil pollution Land pollution, soil pollution Natural hazards Natural hazards Life in extreme environments Life in extreme environments Biosphere/atmosphere interactions Biosphere/atmosphere interactions Mineralogy and petrology Mineralogy and petrology Mineral and crystal chemistry Mineral and crystal chemistry Igneous petrology Igneous petrology Isotopic composition (see also 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry; 91.67.Rx Stable isotope geochemistry) Isotopic composition (see also 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry; 91.67.Rx Stable isotope geochemistry) Extrusive structures and rocks Extrusive structures and rocks Intrusive structures and rocks Intrusive structures and rocks Layered magma chambers Layered magma chambers Metamorphic petrology Metamorphic petrology Pressure-temperature-time paths Pressure-temperature-time paths Fluid flow Fluid flow Ultra-high pressure metamorphism Ultra-high pressure metamorphism Ultra-high temperature metamorphism Ultra-high temperature metamorphism Mineral occurrences and deposits Mineral occurrences and deposits Meteorite mineralogy and petrology Meteorite mineralogy and petrology Sedimentary petrology (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sedimentary petrology (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemistry (see also 92.20.Cm Chemistry of the ocean; 92.40.Bc Chemistry of fresh water; 92.60.Ls Ion chemistry of the atmosphere; 91.62.Kt, 91.80.Kc, and 92.20.C- in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemistry (see also 92.20.Cm Chemistry of the ocean; 92.40.Bc Chemistry of fresh water; 92.60.Ls Ion chemistry of the atmosphere; 91.62.Kt, 91.80.Kc, and 92.20.C- in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical modeling Geochemical modeling Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.40.Qa-in Volcanology) Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.40.Qa-in Volcanology) Geochemical processes Geochemical processes Subduction zone (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology) Subduction zone (see also 91.30.Ga-in Seismology; 91.45.Hc-in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy-in Marine geology) Mid-oceanic ridge (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology) Mid-oceanic ridge (see also 91.30.Hc-in Seismology; 91.40.St-in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt-in Marine geology) Intra-plate (see also 91.40.Ta-in Volcanology; 91.50.Tb-in Marine geology) Intra-plate (see also 91.40.Ta-in Volcanology; 91.50.Tb-in Marine geology) Alteration and weathering Alteration and weathering Mantle Mantle Chemical composition Chemical composition Earth's core (see also 91.35.Lj) Earth's core (see also 91.35.Lj) Continental crust Continental crust Oceanic crust Oceanic crust Hydrosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere Biosphere Mantle Mantle Meteorites Meteorites Aerosols and particles (see also 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 92.30.Ef-in Paleoceanography; 92.60.Mt-in meteorology) Aerosols and particles (see also 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 92.30.Ef-in Paleoceanography; 92.60.Mt-in meteorology) Geochemistry of hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Geochemistry of hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 92.05.Lf-in oceanography) Geochemical cycles (see also 92.20.Sg Biogeochemical cycles-in oceanography; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical cycles (see also 92.20.Sg Biogeochemical cycles-in oceanography; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Major and trace element geochemistry (see also 92.20.Wx Trace elements-in chemical and biological oceanography) Major and trace element geochemistry (see also 92.20.Wx Trace elements-in chemical and biological oceanography) Radiogenic isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.20.Td Radioactivity and radioisotopes-in oceanography) Radiogenic isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.20.Td Radioactivity and radioisotopes-in oceanography) Stable isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology) Stable isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology) Fluid and melt inclusion geochemistry Fluid and melt inclusion geochemistry Sedimentary geochemistry (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sedimentary geochemistry (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Organic and biogenic geochemistry Organic and biogenic geochemistry Low-temperature geochemistry Low-temperature geochemistry Information related to geologic time Information related to geologic time Cenozoic Cenozoic Neogene Neogene Paleogene Paleogene Mesozoic Mesozoic Cretaceous Cretaceous Jurassic Jurassic Triassic Triassic Paleozoic Paleozoic Permian Permian Carboniferous Carboniferous Devonian Devonian Silurian Silurian Ordovician Ordovician Cambrian Cambrian Precambrian Precambrian Proterozoic Proterozoic Archean Archean Geochronology (see also 92.30.Hj Dendrochronology-in Paleoceanography) Geochronology (see also 92.30.Hj Dendrochronology-in Paleoceanography) Quarternary geochronology Quarternary geochronology Sidereal geochronology Sidereal geochronology Radioisotope geochronology, isotopic disequilibrium dating Radioisotope geochronology, isotopic disequilibrium dating Chemical and biological geochronology Chemical and biological geochronology Geomorphological geochronology Geomorphological geochronology Correlative geochronology Correlative geochronology Thermochronology Thermochronology Tephrochronology (see also 91.40.Bp Tephrochronology; ash deposits-in Volcanology) Tephrochronology (see also 91.40.Bp Tephrochronology; ash deposits-in Volcanology) Cosmogenic-nuclide exposure dating Cosmogenic-nuclide exposure dating Extinct radionuclide geochronology Extinct radionuclide geochronology Sedimentary geochronology (see also 91.50.Jc-in Marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in Hydrology) Sedimentary geochronology (see also 91.50.Jc-in Marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in Hydrology) Other topics in solid Earth physics (restricted to new topics in section 91) Other topics in solid Earth physics (restricted to new topics in section 91) Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics General aspects of oceanography General aspects of oceanography Analytical modeling and laboratory experiments Analytical modeling and laboratory experiments Climate and inter-annual variability (see also 92.60.Ry Climatology, climate change and variability-in meteorology; 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Climate and inter-annual variability (see also 92.60.Ry Climatology, climate change and variability-in meteorology; 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Long term variability; Heinrich events Long term variability; Heinrich events Diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles Diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles Physical and chemical properties of seawater (salinity, density, temperature) Physical and chemical properties of seawater (salinity, density, temperature) Ocean energy extraction Ocean energy extraction Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry) Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge-in Volcanology; 91.67.Jk-in Geochemistry) Physical oceanography Physical oceanography Circulation and currents Circulation and currents General circulation General circulation Deep water formation and circulation Deep water formation and circulation Thermohaline convection Thermohaline convection Ocean currents; Eastern boundary currents, Western boundary currents Ocean currents; Eastern boundary currents, Western boundary currents Eddies and mesoscale processes Eddies and mesoscale processes El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.30.La-in Paleoceanography) El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.30.La-in Paleoceanography) Deep ocean processes Deep ocean processes Coriolis effects Coriolis effects Upper ocean and mixed layer processes Upper ocean and mixed layer processes Ocean waves and oscillations Ocean waves and oscillations Surface waves and tides Surface waves and tides Capillary waves Capillary waves Planetary waves, Rossby waves Planetary waves, Rossby waves Kelvin waves Kelvin waves Internal and inertial waves Internal and inertial waves Seiches Seiches Tsunamis (see also 91.30.Nw-in Seismology) Tsunamis (see also 91.30.Nw-in Seismology) Sea level variations (see also 92.70.Jw Oceans, sea level change-in Global change) Sea level variations (see also 92.70.Jw Oceans, sea level change-in Global change) Ocean influence of Earth's rotation Ocean influence of Earth's rotation Sea-air energy exchange processes (see also 92.60.Cc-in meteorology) Sea-air energy exchange processes (see also 92.60.Cc-in meteorology) Turbulence, diffusion, and mixing processes in oceanography Turbulence, diffusion, and mixing processes in oceanography Fine structure and microstructure in oceanography Fine structure and microstructure in oceanography Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey Sea floor, morphology, geology, and geophysics-in marine geology) Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey Sea floor, morphology, geology, and geophysics-in marine geology) Sea ice (mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes) Sea ice (mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes) Coastal, estuarine, and near shore processes (see also 91.50.Cw Beach and coastal processes-in marine geology) Coastal, estuarine, and near shore processes (see also 91.50.Cw Beach and coastal processes-in marine geology) Fronts and jets Fronts and jets Overflows Overflows Underwater sound (see also 43.30.+m in acoustics; 43.30.-k in Acoustics Appendix) Underwater sound (see also 43.30.+m in acoustics; 43.30.-k in Acoustics Appendix) Sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Vn-in chemical oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in Hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Vn-in chemical oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in Hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Ocean fog Ocean fog Hydrography (for ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods, see 43.30.Pc-in Acoustics Appendix) Hydrography (for ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods, see 43.30.Pc-in Acoustics Appendix) Upwelling and convergences (see also 92.30.Vn-in Geophysics Appendix) Upwelling and convergences (see also 92.30.Vn-in Geophysics Appendix) Chemical and biological oceanography Chemical and biological oceanography Aerosols (see also 92.60.Mt-in meteorology; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Aerosols (see also 92.60.Mt-in meteorology; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Chemistry of the ocean Chemistry of the ocean Chemical speciation and complexation, chemosynthesis Chemical speciation and complexation, chemosynthesis Chemical tracers Chemical tracers Marine organic chemistry Marine organic chemistry Marine inorganic chemistry Marine inorganic chemistry Photochemistry, photosynthesis Photochemistry, photosynthesis Oxidation and reduction reactions Oxidation and reduction reactions Analytical chemistry Analytical chemistry Natural products chemistry Natural products chemistry Anoxic environments (see also 91.62.+g Biogeosciences; 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Anoxic environments (see also 91.62.+g Biogeosciences; 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Benthic processes, sea-bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey-in marine geology; 92.10.Oc-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology) Benthic processes, sea-bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey-in marine geology; 92.10.Oc-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology) Biology of the ocean (see also 91.62.-g Biogeosciences; 92.40.vu Cryobiology (in Geophysics Appendix) Biology of the ocean (see also 91.62.-g Biogeosciences; 92.40.vu Cryobiology (in Geophysics Appendix) Bacteria, microbiology and microbial ecology (see also 91.62.Kt geomicrobiology) Bacteria, microbiology and microbial ecology (see also 91.62.Kt geomicrobiology) Symbiosis Symbiosis Phytoplankton Phytoplankton Zooplankton Zooplankton Sorptive scavenging Sorptive scavenging Population dynamics and ecology Population dynamics and ecology Ecosysystems, structure, dynamics and modeling Ecosysystems, structure, dynamics and modeling Foodwebs: structure and dynamics Foodwebs: structure and dynamics Nutrients and nutrient cycling Nutrients and nutrient cycling Marine pollution Marine pollution Hypoxic environment (see also 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Hypoxic environment (see also 91.62.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.60.hn-in meteorology; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Radioactivity and radioisotopes (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry) Radioactivity and radioisotopes (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry) Gases in chemical oceanography (see also 91.50.Hc Gas and hydrate systems-in marine geology) Gases in chemical oceanography (see also 91.50.Hc Gas and hydrate systems-in marine geology) Sedimentation (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Sedimentation (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa-in oceanography; 92.40.Gc-in hydrology; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Trace elements (see also 91.67.Pq Major and trace element geochemistry) Trace elements (see also 91.67.Pq Major and trace element geochemistry) Carbon cycling (see also 91.62.La-in Geophysics Appendix) Carbon cycling (see also 91.62.La-in Geophysics Appendix) Paleoceanography Paleoceanography Abrupt climate change, stadial-interstadial transitions (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb-in Global change) Abrupt climate change, stadial-interstadial transitions (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb-in Global change) Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.40.Aa -in Hydrology) Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.40.Aa -in Hydrology) Atmospheric transport and circulation, aerosols (see also 91.67.gp-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 92.30.Ef-in Paleoceanography; 92.60.hk and 92.60.Mt-in meteorology) Atmospheric transport and circulation, aerosols (see also 91.67.gp-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 92.30.Ef-in Paleoceanography; 92.60.hk and 92.60.Mt-in meteorology) Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg-in oceanography; 92.60.hn-in meteorology) Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg-in oceanography; 92.60.hn-in meteorology) Corals Corals Continental climate records Continental climate records Dendrochronology Dendrochronology El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.10.am-in oceanography) El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.10.am-in oceanography) Glacial and interglacial oceanography, ice cores (see also 92.40.vv in Geophysics Appendix) Glacial and interglacial oceanography, ice cores (see also 92.40.vv in Geophysics Appendix) Greenhouse gases (see also 92.70.Mn Impacts of global change; global warming) Greenhouse gases (see also 92.70.Mn Impacts of global change; global warming) Insolation forcing Insolation forcing Micropaleontology Micropaleontology Paleoecology Paleoecology Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum Sea surface temperature Sea surface temperature Thermohaline convection Thermohaline convection Upwelling (see also 92.10.Zf-in oceanography) Upwelling (see also 92.10.Zf-in oceanography) Palynology, pollen, spores and other palynomorphs, living or fossil Palynology, pollen, spores and other palynomorphs, living or fossil Speleothems, stalagmites, stalactites Speleothems, stalagmites, stalactites Hydrology and glaciology; cryosphere (see also 92.70.Ha-in Global change) Hydrology and glaciology; cryosphere (see also 92.70.Ha-in Global change) Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.30.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.30.De-in Geophysics Appendix) Chemistry of fresh water Chemistry of fresh water Modeling; general theory Modeling; general theory Drought Drought Precipitation (see also 92.60.jf-in meteorology) Precipitation (see also 92.60.jf-in meteorology) Snow Snow Rain, hail Rain, hail Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc-in marine geology; 91.65.Ti-in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty-in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn-in oceanography; 91.80.Wx-in Geophysics Appendix) Debris flow and landslides Debris flow and landslides Desertification Desertification Evapotranspiration (see also 92.60.jc Evaporation-in Geophysics Appendix) Evapotranspiration (see also 92.60.jc Evaporation-in Geophysics Appendix) Ground water Ground water Ground water quality Ground water quality Ground water transport Ground water transport Aquifers Aquifers Groundwater/surface water interactions Groundwater/surface water interactions Groundwater hydrology Groundwater hydrology Groundwater hydraulics Groundwater hydraulics Soil moisture and temperature Soil moisture and temperature Eco-hydrology; plant ecology Eco-hydrology; plant ecology Geomorphology Geomorphology Fluvial Fluvial Hillslope Hillslope Surface water, water resources Surface water, water resources Surface water quality Surface water quality Water supply, reservoirs Water supply, reservoirs Rivers Rivers Lakes, limnology Lakes, limnology Ponds Ponds Floods, runoff, and stream flow Floods, runoff, and stream flow Glaciology (see also 92.30.Mc-in Paleoceanography) Glaciology (see also 92.30.Mc-in Paleoceanography) Glaciers Glaciers Icebergs Icebergs Permafrost, frozen ground Permafrost, frozen ground Tundra Tundra Cryobiology Cryobiology Ice cores, ice sheets, ice shelves Ice cores, ice sheets, ice shelves Snow melt, avalanches Snow melt, avalanches Sea ice Sea ice Hydrologic cycles and budgets Hydrologic cycles and budgets Irrigation; dams Irrigation; dams Wetlands Wetlands Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology Properties and dynamics of the atmosphere; meteorology (see also 92.40.Zg Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology) Properties and dynamics of the atmosphere; meteorology (see also 92.40.Zg Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology) Modeling and model calibration (see also 92.70.Np Global climate modeling) Modeling and model calibration (see also 92.70.Np Global climate modeling) General circulation General circulation Ocean/atmosphere interactions, air/sea constituent fluxes (see also 92.10.Kp-in oceanography) Ocean/atmosphere interactions, air/sea constituent fluxes (see also 92.10.Kp-in oceanography) Boundary layer structure and processes Boundary layer structure and processes Winds and their effects Winds and their effects Atmospheric composition, structure, and properties Atmospheric composition, structure, and properties Exospheric composition and chemistry Exospheric composition and chemistry Thermospheric composition and chemistry, energy deposition Thermospheric composition and chemistry, energy deposition Mesospheric composition, energy deposition, constituent transport and chemistry Mesospheric composition, energy deposition, constituent transport and chemistry Stratospheric composition and chemistry Stratospheric composition and chemistry Tropospheric composition and chemistry, constituent transport and chemistry Tropospheric composition and chemistry, constituent transport and chemistry Constituent sources and sinks Constituent sources and sinks Acoustic gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves Acoustic gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves Convection, turbulence, and diffusion (see also 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Convection, turbulence, and diffusion (see also 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg-in oceanography; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Geochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc-in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg-in oceanography; 92.30.Gh-in Geophysics Appendix) Pressure, density, and temperature Pressure, density, and temperature Airglow and aurorae (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Airglow and aurorae (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Other upper atmospheric phenomena: red sprites; blue jets; atmospheric gamma ray and intense VHF emissions Other upper atmospheric phenomena: red sprites; blue jets; atmospheric gamma ray and intense VHF emissions Paleoclimatology (see also 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Paleoclimatology (see also 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics-in Global change) Water in the atmosphere Water in the atmosphere Evaporation (see also 92.40.Je Evapotranspiration-in Hydrology) Evaporation (see also 92.40.Je Evapotranspiration-in Hydrology) Precipitation (see also 92.40.E- in Hydrology) Precipitation (see also 92.40.E- in Hydrology) Humidity Humidity Land/atmosphere interactions Land/atmosphere interactions Ion chemistry of the atmosphere Ion chemistry of the atmosphere Particles and aerosols (see also 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Particles and aerosols (see also 92.20.Bk-in oceanography; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef-in Geophysics Appendix) Cloud physics and chemistry Cloud physics and chemistry Cloud optics Cloud optics Cloud/radiation interaction Cloud/radiation interaction Tropical meteorology Tropical meteorology Atmospheric electricity, lightning Atmospheric electricity, lightning Storms Storms Climatology, climate change and variability (see also 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb-in Global change; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Climatology, climate change and variability (see also 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb-in Global change; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Air quality and air pollution (see also 07.88.+y Instruments for environmental pollution measurements) Air quality and air pollution (see also 07.88.+y Instruments for environmental pollution measurements) Electromagnetic wave propagation Electromagnetic wave propagation Polar meteorology Polar meteorology Radiative processes, solar radiation Radiative processes, solar radiation Weather analysis and prediction Weather analysis and prediction Stratosphere/troposphere interactions Stratosphere/troposphere interactions Volcanic effects Volcanic effects Global change Global change Abrupt/rapid climate change Abrupt/rapid climate change Land/atmosphere interactions Land/atmosphere interactions Atmosphere Atmosphere Biogeochemical processes Biogeochemical processes Climate dynamics (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Climate dynamics (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Cryospheric change Cryospheric change Geomorphology and weathering (see also 92.40.Gc Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport; 92.40.Pb-in hydrology; 92.40.P- in Geophysics Appendix) Geomorphology and weathering (see also 92.40.Gc Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport; 92.40.Pb-in hydrology; 92.40.P- in Geophysics Appendix) Oceans, sea level change (see also 92.10.hp-in Geophysics Appendix) Oceans, sea level change (see also 92.10.hp-in Geophysics Appendix) Regional climate change (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Regional climate change (see also 92.60.Ry-in meteorology; 92.30.Bc-in Geophysics Appendix) Water cycles Water cycles Impacts of global change; global warming (see also 92.30.Np-in Geophysics Appendix) Impacts of global change; global warming (see also 92.30.Np-in Geophysics Appendix) Global climate modeling Global climate modeling Earth system modeling Earth system modeling Solar variability impact Solar variability impact Land cover change Land cover change Other topics in hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics (restricted to new topics in section 92) Other topics in hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics (restricted to new topics in section 92) Geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques Geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques Information related to geographical regions Information related to geographical regions Africa Africa Antarctica Antarctica Asia Asia Australia Australia Europe Europe North America North America South America South America Large islands (e.g., Greenland) Large islands (e.g., Greenland) Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean Southern Ocean Southern Ocean Regional seas Regional seas Polar regions Polar regions Temperate regions Temperate regions Tropical regions Tropical regions International organizations, national and international programs International organizations, national and international programs Instruments and techniques for geophysical research: Exploration geophysics (see also 91.50.Ga Bathymetry, seafloor topology; 91.50.Yf Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, submersibles, and ocean observatories-in marine geology; 92.10.Yb Hydrography-in oceanography) Instruments and techniques for geophysical research: Exploration geophysics (see also 91.50.Ga Bathymetry, seafloor topology; 91.50.Yf Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, submersibles, and ocean observatories-in marine geology; 92.10.Yb Hydrography-in oceanography) Computational methods and data processing, data acquisition and storage Computational methods and data processing, data acquisition and storage Exploration of continental structures Exploration of continental structures Downhole methods Downhole methods Gravity methods Gravity methods Magnetic and electrical methods Magnetic and electrical methods Exploration of oceanic structures Exploration of oceanic structures Radioactivity methods Radioactivity methods Remote sensing in exploration geophysics (see also 91.40.Yt-in Volcanology; 91.55.Uv-in Structural geology) Remote sensing in exploration geophysics (see also 91.40.Yt-in Volcanology; 91.55.Uv-in Structural geology) Seismic methods Seismic methods Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits (see also 91.50.Sn Ocean drilling) Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits (see also 91.50.Sn Ocean drilling) Other topics in geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques (restricted to new topics in section 93) Other topics in geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques (restricted to new topics in section 93) Physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere Physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere Space plasma physics (see also 96.50.-e Interplanetary physics) Space plasma physics (see also 96.50.-e Interplanetary physics) Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Radiation processes Radiation processes Solitons and solitary waves Solitons and solitary waves Spacecraft/atmosphere interactions Spacecraft/atmosphere interactions Spacecraft sheaths, wakes, and charging Spacecraft sheaths, wakes, and charging Turbulence Turbulence Wave/wave, wave/particle interactions Wave/wave, wave/particle interactions Experimental techniques and laboratory studies (see also 52.72.+v-in physics of plasmas) Experimental techniques and laboratory studies (see also 52.72.+v-in physics of plasmas) Space weather Space weather Space radiation environment Space radiation environment Impacts on humans Impacts on humans Solar effects Solar effects Engineering for hazard mitigation Engineering for hazard mitigation Satellite drag Satellite drag Forecasting Forecasting Impacts on technological systems Impacts on technological systems Physics of the ionosphere (for ionospheres of the planets, see 96.12.ji and 96.15.hk in Geophysics Appendix; for radiowave propagation, see 41.20.J-in electromagnetism) Physics of the ionosphere (for ionospheres of the planets, see 96.12.ji and 96.15.hk in Geophysics Appendix; for radiowave propagation, see 41.20.J-in electromagnetism) Auroral ionosphere (see also 92.60.hw Airglow and aurorae-in meteorology; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Auroral ionosphere (see also 92.60.hw Airglow and aurorae-in meteorology; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere) Wave propagation (see also 94.30.Tz-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Wave propagation (see also 94.30.Tz-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Ionospheric modeling and forecasting Ionospheric modeling and forecasting Ionospheric structure, composition Ionospheric structure, composition D region D region E region E region F region F region Polar cap ionosphere Polar cap ionosphere Topside region Topside region Mid-latitude ionosphere Mid-latitude ionosphere Equatorial ionosphere Equatorial ionosphere Ion chemistry and composition; ionization mechanisms Ion chemistry and composition; ionization mechanisms Plasma temperature and density Plasma temperature and density Particle precipitation (see also 94.30.Ny-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Particle precipitation (see also 94.30.Ny-in Physics of the magnetosphere) Electric fields; current system Electric fields; current system Ionospheric soundings; active experiments Ionospheric soundings; active experiments Ionospheric disturbances, irregularities, and storms Ionospheric disturbances, irregularities, and storms Ionospheric dynamics and interactions Ionospheric dynamics and interactions Plasma motion; plasma convection; particle acceleration Plasma motion; plasma convection; particle acceleration Plasma waves and instabilities Plasma waves and instabilities Ionosphere/atmospheric interactions Ionosphere/atmospheric interactions Ionosphere/magnetosphere interactions Ionosphere/magnetosphere interactions Wave/particle interactions Wave/particle interactions Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects Electromagnetic wave propagation Electromagnetic wave propagation Meteor-trail physics Meteor-trail physics Physics of the magnetosphere Physics of the magnetosphere Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere) Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere) Magnetospheric modeling and forecasting Magnetospheric modeling and forecasting Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics Inner magnetosphere Inner magnetosphere Outer magnetosphere Outer magnetosphere Magnetospheric cusp Magnetospheric cusp Magnetopause Magnetopause Magnetosheath Magnetosheath Magnetotail Magnetotail Magnetic reconnection Magnetic reconnection MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities Plasma motion; plasma convection Plasma motion; plasma convection Plasma sheet Plasma sheet Plasmasphere Plasmasphere Polar cap phenomena Polar cap phenomena Energetic trapped particles Energetic trapped particles Electric fields, field-aligned currents and current systems, and ring currents Electric fields, field-aligned currents and current systems, and ring currents Magnetic storms, substorms Magnetic storms, substorms Magnetic pulsations Magnetic pulsations Energetic particle precipitation (see also 94.20.Qq-in Physics of the ionosphere) Energetic particle precipitation (see also 94.20.Qq-in Physics of the ionosphere) Electromagnetic wave propagation (see also 94.20.Bb-in Physics of the ionosphere) Electromagnetic wave propagation (see also 94.20.Bb-in Physics of the ionosphere) Magnetosphere interactions Magnetosphere interactions Magnetosphere/ionosphere interactions (see also 94.20.wj-in Physics of the ionosphere) Magnetosphere/ionosphere interactions (see also 94.20.wj-in Physics of the ionosphere) Magnetosphere interactions with satellites and rings Magnetosphere interactions with satellites and rings Solar wind/magnetosphere interactions Solar wind/magnetosphere interactions Interactions with interplanetary space Interactions with interplanetary space Radiation belts Radiation belts Instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere Instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere Other topics in space plasma physics, physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere (restricted to new topics in section 94) Other topics in space plasma physics, physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere (restricted to new topics in section 94) Solar system; planetology Solar system; planetology General; solar nebula; cosmogony General; solar nebula; cosmogony Planetology of solid surface planets (see also 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Planetology of solid surface planets (see also 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Orbital and rotational dynamics Orbital and rotational dynamics Gravitational fields Gravitational fields Magnetic field and magnetism Magnetic field and magnetism Atmospheres Atmospheres Aurorae and airglow Aurorae and airglow Composition and chemistry Composition and chemistry Evolution Evolution Structure and dynamics Structure and dynamics Ionospheres Ionospheres Magnetospheres Magnetospheres Meteorology Meteorology Surfaces Surfaces Hydrology and fluvial processes Hydrology and fluvial processes Surface materials and properties Surface materials and properties Impact phenomena, cratering Impact phenomena, cratering Erosion, weathering Erosion, weathering Glaciation Glaciation Composition Composition Interiors Interiors Polar regions Polar regions Heat flow Heat flow Rings and dust Rings and dust Interactions with particles and fields Interactions with particles and fields Tectonics, volcanism Tectonics, volcanism Planetology of fluid planets (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Planetology of fluid planets (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology) Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Orbital and rotational dynamics Orbital and rotational dynamics Gravitational fields Gravitational fields Magnetic field and magnetism Magnetic field and magnetism Atmospheres Atmospheres Aurorae Aurorae Composition and chemistry Composition and chemistry Evolution Evolution Structure and dynamics Structure and dynamics Ionospheres Ionospheres Magnetospheres Magnetospheres Meteorology Meteorology Composition Composition Surfaces Surfaces Interiors Interiors Physical properties of materials Physical properties of materials Impact phenomena Impact phenomena Tori and exospheres Tori and exospheres Rings and dust Rings and dust Interactions with particles and fields Interactions with particles and fields Tidal forces Tidal forces Polar regions Polar regions Moon Moon Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Features, landmarks, mineralogy, and petrology Features, landmarks, mineralogy, and petrology Gravitational field, selenodesy, and magnetic fields Gravitational field, selenodesy, and magnetic fields Impacts, cratering Impacts, cratering Planetology of comets and small bodies Planetology of comets and small bodies Origin and evolution Origin and evolution Orbital and rotational dynamics Orbital and rotational dynamics Atmospheres Atmospheres Aurorae, airglow and x-ray emission Aurorae, airglow and x-ray emission Composition and chemistry Composition and chemistry Evolution Evolution Structure and dynamics Structure and dynamics Composition Composition Dust, erosion, and weathering Dust, erosion, and weathering Ice Ice Surfaces and interiors Surfaces and interiors Physical and chemical properties of materials Physical and chemical properties of materials Ionospheres Ionospheres Composition and chemistry Composition and chemistry Evolution Evolution Structure and dynamics Structure and dynamics Magnetic fields and magnetism Magnetic fields and magnetism Gravitational fields Gravitational fields Impact phenomena Impact phenomena Interactions with solar wind plasma and fields Interactions with solar wind plasma and fields Plasma and MHD instabilities Plasma and MHD instabilities Radiation and spectra Radiation and spectra Satellites Satellites Volcanism Volcanism Solar system objects Solar system objects Comparative planetology (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets) Comparative planetology (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets) Comets (see also 96.25.-f Planetology of comets and small bodies) Comets (see also 96.25.-f Planetology of comets and small bodies) Dust tails and trails Dust tails and trails Interiors Interiors Mercury Mercury Venus Venus Mars Mars Martian satellites Martian satellites Jupiter Jupiter Jovian satellites Jovian satellites Io Io Europa Europa Ganymede Ganymede Callisto Callisto Saturn Saturn Saturnian satellites Saturnian satellites Titan Titan Uranus Uranus Uranian satellites Uranian satellites Neptune Neptune Pluto Pluto Neptunian satellites Neptunian satellites Plutonian satellites Plutonian satellites Dust, extraterrestrial materials Dust, extraterrestrial materials Interplanetary material Interplanetary material Interstellar material Interstellar material Planetary rings Planetary rings Kuiper belt, trans-Neptunian objects Kuiper belt, trans-Neptunian objects Asteroids, meteoroids Asteroids, meteoroids Meteors, meteorites and tektites (see also 91.65.Sn Meteorite mineralogy and petrology; 94.20.Xa Meteor-trail physics; 91.67.gn-in Geophysics Appendix) Meteors, meteorites and tektites (see also 91.65.Sn Meteorite mineralogy and petrology; 94.20.Xa Meteor-trail physics; 91.67.gn-in Geophysics Appendix) Interplanetary physics (see also 94.05.-a Space plasma physics) Interplanetary physics (see also 94.05.-a Space plasma physics) Interplanetary magnetic fields Interplanetary magnetic fields Solar wind plasma; sources of solar wind Solar wind plasma; sources of solar wind Interplanetary dust and gas Interplanetary dust and gas Heliopause and solar wind termination Heliopause and solar wind termination Planetary bow shocks; interplanetary shocks Planetary bow shocks; interplanetary shocks Oort cloud Oort cloud Particle acceleration Particle acceleration Corotating streams Corotating streams Discontinuities Discontinuities Cosmic rays (see also 94.20.wq Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects) Cosmic rays (see also 94.20.wq Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects) Composition, energy spectra and interactions Composition, energy spectra and interactions Extensive air showers Extensive air showers Interactions with terrestrial matter Interactions with terrestrial matter Interplanetary propagation and effects Interplanetary propagation and effects MHD waves; plasma waves, turbulence MHD waves; plasma waves, turbulence Ejecta, driver gases, and magnetic clouds Ejecta, driver gases, and magnetic clouds Energetic particles Energetic particles Solar cycle variations Solar cycle variations Heliosphere/interstellar medium interactions Heliosphere/interstellar medium interactions Pickup ions Pickup ions Neutral particles Neutral particles Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space (see also 91.62.Fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space (see also 91.62.Fc-in Geophysics Appendix) Solar physics Solar physics Diameter, rotation, and mass Diameter, rotation, and mass Composition Composition Electric and magnetic fields, solar magnetism Electric and magnetic fields, solar magnetism Magnetic reconnection Magnetic reconnection Solar interior Solar interior Helioseismology, pulsations, and shock waves Helioseismology, pulsations, and shock waves Photosphere Photosphere Chromosphere Chromosphere Corona Corona Coronal holes Coronal holes Coronal loops, streamers Coronal loops, streamers Coronal mass ejection Coronal mass ejection Solar activity (see also 92.70.Qr-in Global change) Solar activity (see also 92.70.Qr-in Global change) Sun spots, solar cycles Sun spots, solar cycles Flares Flares Prominence eruptions Prominence eruptions Solar electromagnetic emission Solar electromagnetic emission Radio emission Radio emission Visible emission Visible emission Ultraviolet emission Ultraviolet emission X-ray and gamma-ray emission X-ray and gamma-ray emission Solar irradiance Solar irradiance Particle emission, solar wind (see also 94.30.vf-in Geophysics Appendix; 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos in nuclear astrophysics) Particle emission, solar wind (see also 94.30.vf-in Geophysics Appendix; 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos in nuclear astrophysics) Transition region Transition region Other topics on the Solar system and planetology (restricted to new topics in section 96) Other topics on the Solar system and planetology (restricted to new topics in section 96) Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus Associated Concepts Facet Associated Concepts Facet Associated Concepts Associated Concepts philosophical concepts philosophical concepts ethics ethics ethical ethical professional ethics professional ethics professional responsibility professional responsibility ethics, professional ethics, professional social ethics social ethics ethics, social ethics, social metaphysical concepts metaphysical concepts dialectic dialectic dialectics dialectics dialectical dialectical supernatural supernatural order order chaos chaos identity identity group identity group identity identity, group identity, group identity, social identity, social social identity social identity presence presence philosophical movements and attitudes philosophical movements and attitudes Enlightenment Enlightenment aestheticism aestheticism anthropomorphism anthropomorphism anthropomorphist anthropomorphist Aristotelianism Aristotelianism Aristotelian Aristotelian Aristotelean Aristotelean determinism determinism deterministic deterministic idealism idealism individualism individualism mysticism mysticism naturalism naturalism Platonism Platonism Neo-Platonism Neo-Platonism New Platonism New Platonism Platonism, New Platonism, New Neoplatonism Neoplatonism positivism positivism positivist positivist pragmatism pragmatism rationalism rationalism scholasticism scholasticism spiritualism spiritualism spiritism spiritism stoicism stoicism transcendentalism transcendentalism transcendentalist transcendentalist utilitarianism utilitarianism dualism dualism dualistic dualistic syncretism syncretism existentialism existentialism existentialist existentialist nihilism nihilism nominalism nominalism holism holism holistic holistic globalism globalism global approach approach, global worldwide approach approach, global worldwide approach approach, worldwide approach, worldwide globalist globalist global approach pluralism pluralism pluralist pluralist Augustinianism Augustinianism Augustinism Augustinism rasquachismo rasquachismo rasquache rasquache truth truth aesthetic concepts aesthetic concepts taste taste empathy empathy empathetic empathetic Einfühling Einfühling beauty beauty the Beautiful the Beautiful mimesis mimesis imitation imitation Picturesque, the Picturesque, the the Picturesque the Picturesque picturesque picturesque Sublime, the Sublime, the sublime sublimity sublimity the Sublime the Sublime sublime ugliness ugliness grandeur grandeur significant form significant form form, significant form, significant Ideal, the Ideal, the the Ideal the Ideal imperfection imperfection perfection perfection flawlessness flawlessness quality quality image quality image quality quality, image quality, image Nature Nature ideology ideology religions and religious concepts religions and religious concepts religions religions religion religion Shinto Shinto Shintoism Shintoism voodoo voodoo vodou voudoo voodouism vaudoux vudu vondou voudoo vodun voodu vondou vodoun vudu voudou vodun voodooism voodu voodou vodoun vaudou voudou voodooism voudon voodou vodú vaudou voudoun vodou voudon voodouism vaudoux voudoun vodú Christianity Christianity Christian Christian Coptic Coptic Coptic Church Coptic Church Egyptian Church Egyptian Church Coptic Orthodox Church Coptic Orthodox Church Orthodox Eastern Orthodox Eastern Eastern Orthodox Eastern Orthodox Orthodox Orthodox Greek Orthodox Greek Orthodox Orthodox, Greek Orthodox, Greek Russian Orthodox Russian Orthodox Roman Catholicism Roman Catholicism Catholic Catholic Catholicism Catholicism Roman Catholic Roman Catholic Protestantism Protestantism Protestant Protestant Amish Amish Huguenot Huguenot Reformed French Protestant Huguenotism Huguenotism French Protestant French Protestant Reformed French Protestant Anglican Anglican Church of England Anglicanism Anglicanism Church of England Baptist Baptist Congregational Congregational Congregationalism Congregationalism Congregationalist Congregationalist Episcopal Episcopal Protestant Episcopal Protestant Episcopal Anglican Anglican Episcopalian Episcopalian Lutheran Lutheran Lutheranism Lutheranism Methodist Methodist Methodism Methodism Presbyterianism Presbyterianism Presbyterian Presbyterian Moravian Moravian Unitas Fratrum Unitas Fratrum Moravian Brethren Moravian Brethren Unitarianism Unitarianism Unitarian Unitarian Universalism Universalism Universalist Universalist Anabaptism Anabaptism Rebaptizers Rebaptizers Re-baptizers Re-baptizers Anabaptist Anabaptist Mennonite Mennonite Arminianism Arminianism Arminian Arminian Nazarene Nazarene Nazarine Church of the Nazarene Pentecostal Church of the Nazarene Church of the Nazarene Pentecostal Church of the Nazarene Nazarene Church Nazarene Church Nazarine Christian orders Christian orders Basilian Basilian Order of St. Basil Order of St. Basil Order of Saint Basil Order of Saint Basil Benedictine Benedictine Order of Saint Benedict OSB Order of St. Benedict Order of St. Benedict O.S.B. O.S.B. Order of Saint Benedict OSB Cluniac Cluniac Carthusian Carthusian O.Cart. O.Cart. OCart OCart Order of Carthusians Order of Carthusians Cistercian Cistercian White Monk White Monk Bernardine Bernardine Dominican Dominican Ordo Praedicatorum o.p. Friars Preachers Ordo Praedicatorum OP Friars Preachers Order of Friars Preachers OP Order of Friars Preachers Jacobins Order of Preachers Black Friars Jacobins Order of Preachers o.p. Black Friars Franciscan Franciscan Capuchin Capuchin OSFC Order of Friars Minor of St Francis Capuccinorum Order Of Friars Minor Capuchin Order of Friars Minor of St Francis Capuccinorum Order Of Friars Minor Capuchin OM Cap O.F.M.Cap. OM Cap Capuchins O.F.M.Cap. OSFC Capuchins Jesuit Jesuit Society of Jesus SJ Society of Jesus s.j. s.j. SJ Augustinian Augustinian O.S.A. Order of St Augustine Austin Friars Order of Hermits of St. Augustine Order of St. Augustine Order of St Augustine Order of the Hermit Friars of Saint Augustine Order of Hermits of St. Augustine Order of St. Augustine Augustinian Hermits Order of the Hermit Friars of Saint Augustine Augustinan Friars Augustinian Hermits OSA Augustinan Friars Augustinians OSA O.S.A. Austin Friars Augustinians Brigittine Brigittine OssS Order of the Most Holy Saviour Bridgettine Sisters Order of the Most Holy Saviour Bridgettine Sisters Bridgettines Order of the Most Holy Savior Bridgettines Brigittines Order of the Most Holy Savior OssS Brigittines Camaldolese Camaldolese Romualdine Camaldulensians Congregation Of Monk Hermits Of Camaldoli Camaldulensians Camaldolese Order Camaldolites Camaldolese Order Camaldolites Congregation of Camaldoli Romualdine Congregation of Camaldoli Congregation Of Monk Hermits Of Camaldoli Carmelite Carmelite Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Dei Genitricus semperque Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli Carmelite Order Eremitæ Sanctæ Mariæ de Monte Carmeli White Friars Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel Calced Carmelites Eremitæ Sanctæ Mariæ de Monte Carmeli Friars of Blessed Mary of Mount Carmel White Friars Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mt. Carmel Calced Carmelites Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli Friars of Blessed Mary of Mount Carmel Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mt. Carmel Carmelites Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli Fratres eremitæ de Monte Carmeli Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel OCarm Carmelites Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Dei Genitricus semperque Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli Fratres eremitæ de Monte Carmeli Carmelite Order OCarm Discalced Carmelite Discalced Carmelite ODC Order of the Discalced Carmelites Order of the Discalced Carmelites Reformed Carmelites Reformed Carmelites Discalced Carmelites ODC Discalced Carmelites Gilbertine Gilbertine Order of Gilbertines Gilbertine Order Gilbertine Order Gilbertines Gilbertines Order of Gilbertines Christian sects Christian sects Jacobite Jacobite Jacobites Jacobites Maronite Maronite Maronite Catholic Maronite Catholic Melchite Melchite Melkite Catholic Melchite Catholic Melchite Catholic Melkite Melkite Melkite Catholic Nestorian Nestorian Persian Church Assyrian Church Syrian Church Assyrian Church Syrian Church Church of the East Church of the East Nestorianism Persian Church Nestorianism Shaker Shaker United Society Of Believers In Christ's Second Appearing United Society Of Believers In Christ's Second Appearing Quaker Quaker Society of Friends Friends church Friends church Friends, Society of Quakerism Friends, Society of Society of Friends Quakerism Cathari Cathari Catharists Catharists Cathars Cathars Catharism Catharism Albigensian Albigensian Albigensians bons hommes bons hommes bons chrétiens bons chrétiens Albigenses Albigensians Albigenses Paulician Paulician Paulicians Paulicians Bogomil Bogomil Bogomils Bogomiles Bogomiles Bogomile Bogomile Bogomils Marcionism Marcionism Marcionites Marcionites Christadelphian Christadelphian Christadelphians Christadelphians Donatism Donatism Donatistic Donatist Donatistical Donatist Donatistical Donatists Donatisme Donatists Donatisme Donatistic Nazarene Nazarene Nazarenus Nazarenus Nazarine Nazoraios Nazarine Nazoraios Nazarenos Nazarenos Jehovah's Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses Jehovah's Witness Jehovah's Witness Mormonism Mormonism Mormon Church Mormon Church Mormon Mormon Church, Mormon Church, Mormon Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints LDS Church LDS Church Community of Christ Community of Christ RLDS Church Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints RLDS Church Ethiopian Orthodox Ethiopian Orthodox Church, Ethiopian Ethiopian Church Ethiopian Church Orthodox, Ethiopian Orthodox, Ethiopian Church, Ethiopian Adventism Adventism Adventist Adventist Arianism Arianism Pentacostalism Pentacostalism Pentacostal Pentacostal Assemblies of God Assemblies of God Calvinism Calvinism Calvinist Calvinist Christian Science Christian Science Church of Christ, Scientist Church of Christ, Scientist Church of Christ (Scientist) Church of Christ (Scientist) Islam Islam Mohammedanism Islamism mahométanisme Religion Mahométane Moslem Muslim islamisme Islamism Religion Mahométane Moslem Muslimism islamisme Mohammedan mahométisme Muslimism Muhammadanism Mohammedan Islamic mahométisme Mussulmanism Muhammadanism Mohammedanism Islamic mahométanisme Mussulmanism Muslim Sunni Sunni Sunnite Sunnis Sunnites Sunnis Sunnites Sunnism Sunnism Sunni Islam Sunnite Sunni Islam Shi'a Shi'a Shi'ites Shiism Shi'ite Shiah Shi'ites Shi'ite Islam Shiah Shia Shiites Shi'ite Islam Shi'ism Shia Shiites Shiite Islam Shi'ism Shi'ah Shi'ite Sect Shiite Islam Shiism Shi'ite Shi'ite Sect Shi'ah Sufism Sufism Sufis Sufi Sufi Sufis Ahmadiyya Ahmadiyya Aḥmadīya Aḥmadiyyah Aḥmadīyya Aḥmadiyyah Aḥmadīyya Ahmadis Ahmadis Ahmadiyah Aḥmadīya Ahmadiyah Qādī Qādī Qadiani Qadiani Qadiyani Qadiyani Lahori Lahori Lahore Aḥmadīya Anjuman-i-Ishāʻat-i-Islam Aḥmadīya Anjuman-i-Ishāʻat-i-Islam Lahore Bektashi Bektashi Bektāshīyah Bektashī Bektāshīyah Bektāshīya Bektasi Bektāshīya Bektasi Bektāshīyya Bektāshīyya Bektashī Judaism Judaism Jewish Jewish Orthodox Judaism Orthodox Judaism Orthodox Jewish Orthodox Jewish Conservative Judaism Conservative Judaism Conservative Jewish Conservative Jewish Reform Judaism Reform Judaism Reform Jewish Reform Jewish Liberal Judaism Liberal Judaism Hinduism Hinduism Hindu Hindu Brahmanism Brahmanism Brahmanical Brahmanical Brahmanic Brahmanic Sivaism Sivaism Sivaite Shivaites Saivism Shaivite Saiva Shivite Shaivite Saivite Saiva Shivite Shivaism Saivite Saiva-siddhanta Sivaites Shivaism Shaivism Saiva-siddhanta Sivaite Sivaites Shivaites Saivism Shaivism Vaisnavism Vaisnavism Vishnuism Vaishnavism Visnuism Vaishnavism Vaisnava Visnuism Vaisnava Vaishnavite Vaishnava Vaishnavite Vishnuism Vaishnava Arya Samaj Arya Samaj Society of Nobles Ārya Samāj Ārya Samāj Society of Aryans Society of Aryans Society of Nobles Brahma Kumaris Brahma Kumaris Raja Yoga Movement Brahma Kumari Brahma Kumari Raja Yoga Movement Brahmo Samaj Brahmo Samaj Divine Society Divine Society Brahmo Samāj Brahmo Samāj Buddhism Buddhism Buddhist Buddhist Chinese Buddhism Chinese Buddhism Ch'an Ch'an Meditation, School of Chan School of Meditation Chan School of Meditation Ch'an Buddhism Ch'an Buddhism Buddhism, Ch'an Meditation, School of Buddhism, Ch'an T'ien-T'ai T'ien-T'ai Tien Tai Tien-Tai Tien-Tai Tien Tai Chen-Yen Chen-Yen True Word school Chen Yen True Word sect Chen Yen True Word sect Mi Tsung Chinese Esoteric Buddhism Mi Tsung Chinese Esoteric Buddhism True Word school Japanese Buddhism Japanese Buddhism Jodo Jodo Pure Land sect Pure Land sect Jōdo Jōdo Jodo-shu' Jodo-shu' Chinzei Chinzei Shingon Shingon True Word school Shin-gon True Word sect Shin-gon True Word sect Shingon Buddhism Shingon Buddhism True Word school Tendai Tendai Zen Zen Zen Buddhism Buddhism, Zen Buddhism, Zen Zen Buddhism Rinzai Rinzai Rinzai Zen Rinzai Zen Soto Soto Nichiren Buddhism Nichiren Buddhism Nichiren school Nichiren school Lotus sect Lotus sect Jodo Shinshu Jodo Shinshu True Pure Land True Pure Land sect Shin-shu True Pure Land Shin Shin-shu Shin True Pure Land School Pure Land sect Jōdo Shinshū True Pure Land School Pure Land sect True Pure Land sect Jōdo Shinshū Hinayana Hinayana Hinayana Buddhism Vehicle, Lesser Lesser Vehicle Vehicle, Small Lesser Vehicle Buddhism, Hinayana Vehicle, Small Small Vehicle Buddhism, Hinayana Small Vehicle Hinayana Buddhism Vehicle, Lesser Theravada Theravada Pali Buddhism Buddhism, Southern Southern Buddhism Buddhism, Southern Southern Buddhism Buddhism, Theravada Theravada Buddhism Buddhism, Theravada Buddhism, Pali Theravada Buddhism Pali Buddhism Buddhism, Pali Mahayana Mahayana Great Vehicle Buddhism, Mahayana Mahayana Buddhism Buddhism, Mahayana Mahayana Buddhism Greater Vehicle Vehicle, Great Greater Vehicle Vehicle, Great Great Vehicle Pure Land Buddhism Pure Land Buddhism Ching-T'u Ch'ing-T'u Qingtu Pure Land school Ch'ing-T'u Pure Land school Ching T'u Pure Land sect Ching T'u Ch'ing T'u Pure Land sect Ching-T'u Ch'ing T'u Qingtu Vajrayana Vajrayana Tantrism Mantrayana Vajrayana Buddhism Mantrayana Buddhism, Vajrayana Vajrayana Buddhism Buddhism, Vajrayana Tantric Buddhism Diamond Vehicle Tantric Buddhism Tantrism Diamond Vehicle Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism lamaism lamaism Lamaism Lamaism Geluk Geluk d'Ge-lugs-pa dge.lugs.pa Yellow Hats Dge-lugs-pa dge.lugs.pa New Kadampa Dge-lugs-pa dge lugs New Kadampa Virtuous Way dge lugs Gelugpa New Kadam Virtuous Way d'Ge-lugs-pa Gelugpa Yellow Hats New Kadam Nyingma Nyingma Rnying-ma-pa rNying-ma-pa Rnying-ma-pa rNying-ma rnying.ma rNying-ma Nyingmapa rnying.ma The Old Order Nyingmapa The Old Order rNying-ma-pa Sakya Sakya Sa.skya Sakyapa Grey Earth Sakyapa Grey Earth Sa-skya-pa Sa-skya-pa Sa.skya Kagyü Kagyü bKa'brgyud-pa Kagyupa bka'.brgyud Kagyupa bka'.brgyud Bka'-brgyud-pa Bka'-brgyud-pa bKa'brgyud-pa Confucianism Confucianism Confucian Confucian Confucianist Confucianist Jainism Jainism Jain Jainist Jaina Jainist Jaina Jain Mithraism Mithraism Mithraic Mithraic Mithraist Mithraist Mitraism Mitraism Taoism Taoism Taoist Daoism Daoism Taoist Ch'üan-chen tao Ch'üan-chen tao chin-lien chung-yang Ch'üan-chen chung-yang Ch'üan-chen Golden Lotus Perfect Realization Golden Lotus Pure Yang Perfect Realization chin-lien Pure Yang Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism Zoroastrian Zoroastrian Sikhism Sikhism Sikhs Sikh Sikh Sikhs Manichaeism Manichaeism Manicheism Manicheanism Manichaeanism Manicheanism Manichaen Manicheeism Manichaen Manichaean Manicheeism Manichean Manichaean Manicheism Manichean Manichaeanism Unitarian Universalism Unitarian Universalism Unitarian Universalist Unitarian Universalist Ajivika Ajivika Ājīvaka Ājīvaka Atenism Atenism Atonism Atonism Bahaism Bahaism Bahā'ī Faith Bahā'ī Bahā'ī Faith Bahai Bahā'īsm Bahai Bahā'īsm Bahaist Bahaist Bahā'ī Raelianism Raelianism Raelian Raëlianism Raelian Movement Raelian Raelian Religion Raelian Movement Raelian Religion Raelism Raëlian Raelism Raëlian Raëlianism Scientology Scientology Church of Scientology Scientologist Scientologist Church of Scientology Ch'ǒndogyo Ch'ǒndogyo Chondogyo Tonghak Religion of the Heavenly Way Chondogyo Eastern Learning Religion of the Heavenly Way Ch'ǒndo-gyo Eastern Learning Sect of the Way of Heaven Ch'ǒndo-gyo Sect of the Way of Heaven Ch'ǒndo-kyo Tonghak Ch'ǒndo-kyo Mandaeanism Mandaeanism Subbas Mandeans Christians of St. John Christians of St John Mandeans Christians of St John Mandaeans Christians of Saint John Mandaeans Christians of Saint John Subbas Christians of St. John Bon Bon Bön Bön Bon po Bon po religious concepts religious concepts religious ideologies religious ideologies Gnosticism Gnosticism Adoptionism Adoptionism Adoptianism Adoptianism agnosticism agnosticism agnostic agnostic atheism atheism atheist atheist monotheism monotheism paganism paganism heathenism heathenism pagan pagan pantheism pantheism pantheistic pantheistic Pietism Pietism polytheism polytheism quietism quietism shamanism shamanism shamanistic shamanistic theosophy theosophy esoteric Buddhism theosophical theosophical esoteric Buddhism totemism totemism totemic totemic millenarianism millenarianism chiliasm millennialism millennialism chiliasm animism animism animist animist Hasidism Hasidism Hassidism Hassidism Chasidism Chasidism Chassidism Chassidism tantrism tantrism tantric tantra tantra tantric asceticism asceticism ascetic ascetic creationism creationism Deism Deism Monothelitism Monothelitism Monothelite Monotheletism Monotheletism Monothelite monasticism monasticism monastic monastic worship worship liturgy liturgy liturgies liturgies doctrinal concepts doctrinal concepts divinity divinity divine divine faith faith Paradise Paradise salvation salvation theophany theophany theophanies theophanies creation creation reincarnation reincarnation rebirth rebirth indulgence indulgence hell hell heaven heaven absolution absolution afterlife afterlife ascension ascension mi 'rāj mi 'rāj Hindu doctrinal concepts Hindu doctrinal concepts avatara avatara avatāra avatāra bhakti bhakti samsara samsara saṃsāra saṃsāra moksha moksha moksa mukti mukti mokṣa apavarga mokṣa moksa apavarga Trimurti Trimurti Hindu Trinity Trimūrti Trimūrti Hindu Trinity Christian doctrinal concepts Christian doctrinal concepts stigmatization stigmatization stigmata stigmata transubstantiation transubstantiation real presence presence, real presence, real real presence Immaculate Conception Immaculate Conception Conception, Immaculate Conception, Immaculate consubstantiation consubstantiation Buddhist doctrinal concepts Buddhist doctrinal concepts bardo bardo antarabhāva antarabhāva bar do bar do bodhisattva bodhisattva bodhisatta Bosatsu Hero of the Thought of Enlightenment Enlightenment-Being Hero of the Thought of Enlightenment Posal Enlightenment-Being Posal P'u-sa byang.chub sems.dpa P'u-sa bodhisatta Bosatsu byang.chub sems.dpa bhāvanā bhāvanā bhavana bhavana dharma dharma dhamma dhamma datsuma datsuma dharmas dharmas nirvana nirvana yǔlban nieh-pan nirvāṇa nirvāna nieh-pan nibbāṇa nirvāna nehan nibbāṇa nibbana nehan dai-gedatsu nibbana yǔlban dai-gedatsu nirvāṇa satori satori wu wu Jain doctrinal concepts Jain doctrinal concepts ahimsa ahimsa ahiṁsā ahiṁsā ahiṃsâ ahiṃsâ divine light divine light Dreaming, the Dreaming, the dream-time Wongar altjiranga World Dawn dream-time bugari World Dawn the dreaming djugurba bugari Altjira the dreaming dreaming djugurba alcheringa Altjira the Dreamtime dreaming alcheringa Wongar altjiranga the Dreamtime auspicia auspicia blasphemy blasphemy blasphemous blasphemous yoga yoga Yoga Yoga yogaḥ yogaḥ scientific concepts scientific concepts biological concepts biological concepts life life growth growth tropism tropism tropic responses tropic responses tropisms tropisms responses, tropic responses, tropic evolution evolution senses senses five senses five senses hearing hearing smell smell touch touch perception, tactile tactile perception tactile perception feeling feeling perception, tactile sight sight eyesight vision vision eyesight blindness blindness taste taste sex sex gender gender female female male male habitat habitat life stages life stages childhood childhood infancy infancy childhood, early childhood, early early childhood early childhood babyhood babyhood adolescence adolescence teen-age teen-age puberty puberty adulthood adulthood middle age middle age midlife midlife age, middle age, middle old age old age age, old age, old health and related concepts health and related concepts health health mental health mental health health, mental health, mental health-related concepts health-related concepts disease disease diseases diseases sick building syndrome sick building syndrome SBS SBS syndrome, sick building syndrome, sick building addiction addiction alcoholism alcoholism dependency, alcohol dependency, alcohol alcohol dependency alcohol dependency drug addiction drug addiction addiction, drug narcotics addiction dependency, narcotics narcotic dependence addiction, narcotic narcotic dependence drug dependence addiction, narcotic narcotic habit drug dependence dependency, drug narcotic habit habit, narcotic dependency, drug addiction, drug narcotics addiction dependency, narcotics habit, narcotic allergies allergies allergy allergy arthropathy arthropathy arthropathia joint disease joint disease disease, joint joint diseases disease, joint joint diseases diseases, joint arthropathia diseases, joint developmental concepts developmental concepts mental retardation mental retardation retardation, mental mental deficiency mental deficiency retardation retardation deficiency, mental retardation, mental deficiency, mental illness illness ill health sicknesses illnesses illnesses sickness sickness ill health sicknesses starvation starvation pregnancy pregnancy gestation gestation maternity maternity motherhood motherhood metabolism metabolism mortality mortality mathematical concepts mathematical concepts geometric concepts geometric concepts angles angles angle angle axes axes axis axis distance distance distances distances geometric figures geometric figures fractals fractals fractal fractal plane figures plane figures figures, plane figures, plane circles circles circle circle ellipses ellipses ellipse ellipse ovals ovals oval oval polygons polygons polygon polygon decagons decagons decagon decagon dodecagons dodecagons duodecagons dodecagon dodecagon duodecagons triangles triangles triangle triangle pentagons pentagons pentagon pentagon hexagons hexagons hexagon hexagon octagons octagons octagon octagon quadrilaterals quadrilaterals quadrangles quadrangles quadrilateral quadrilateral trapeziums trapeziums trapezia trapezia trapezium trapezium trapezoids trapezoids trapezoid trapezoid parallelograms parallelograms parallelogram parallelogram rhombuses rhombuses rhomb rhomb rhombi rhombi rhombus rhombus rectangles rectangles rectangle rectangle squares squares square square hyperbolas hyperbolas hyperbolic hyperbolic hyperbola hyperbola parabolas parabolas parabola parabolic parabolic parabola semicircles semicircles semicircle semicircle semiellipses semiellipses semiellipse semiellipse catenaries catenaries catenary catenary solids solids solid solid cones cones cône conical conical cônes cônes cone cône cone spheres spheres sphere sphere polyhedra polyhedra polyhedrons polyhedrons polyhedral polyhedral polyhedron polyhedron tetrahedrons tetrahedrons tetrahedron tetrahedron cubes cubes cubic cube cube cubic pyramids pyramids pyramidal pyramid pyramid pyramidal cylinders cylinders cylinder cylindrical cylindrical cylinder hemispheres hemispheres hemisphere hemisphere hemispherical hemispherical spirals spirals spiral coils coils spiral planes planes plane plane radius radius slope slope sloping sites sloping sites line line centers centers center center parallelism parallelism statistics-related concepts statistics-related concepts correlation correlation probability probability probability theory probability theory mean mean average average distribution distribution median median standard deviation standard deviation deviation, standard deviation, standard standard deviations standard deviations equations equations equation equation functions functions function function logarithms logarithms numbers numbers number number roots roots series series progressions progressions Fibonacci numbers Fibonacci numbers Fibonacci series Fibonacci series numbers, Fibonacci numbers, Fibonacci Fibonacci sequence Fibonacci sequence summations summations arithmetic progressions arithmetic progressions progressions, arithmetic series, arithmetic series, arithmetic arithmetic series arithmetic series progressions, arithmetic mathematical models mathematical models models, mathematical models, mathematical algorithms algorithms algorithm algorithm formulas formulas formulae formulae formula formula scalars scalars scalar field theory scalar field theory scalar fields scalar fields vectors vectors infinity infinity infinite infinite ratios ratios ratio ratio physical sciences concepts physical sciences concepts spectrum spectrum spectra spectra visible spectrum visible spectrum spectrum, color spectrum, color spectrum, visible spectrum, visible color spectrum color spectrum earth sciences concepts earth sciences concepts tides tides seasons seasons autumn autumn fall fall spring spring springtime springtime summer summer summertime summertime winter winter wintertime wintertime day day daytime daytime night night nighttime nighttime weather and related phenomena weather and related phenomena weather weather weather-related phenomena weather-related phenomena climate climate desert climate desert climate climate, desert climate, desert polar climate polar climate climate, arctic climate, polar climate, polar arctic climate arctic climate climate, arctic temperate climate temperate climate climate, temperate climate, temperate tropical climate tropical climate climate, tropical climate, tropical dew point dew point point, dew point, dew drought drought droughts drouths drouths droughts precipitation precipitation hail hail rain rain rainfall rainfall snow snow sleet sleet fog fog frost frost wind wind winds winds lightning lightning dew dew microclimate microclimate microclimates microclimates sea level sea level mean sea level mean sea level sea level, mean sea level, mean vibration vibration reflection reflection diffuse reflection diffuse reflection reflection, diffuse reflection, diffuse specular reflection specular reflection reflection, specular reflection, specular capillarity capillarity capillary action capillary attraction capillary attraction action, capillary action, capillary capillary action diffraction diffraction electron diffraction electron diffraction diffraction, electron diffraction, electron x-ray diffraction x-ray diffraction XRD x ray diffraction x ray diffraction XRD oscillation oscillation magnetism and related concepts magnetism and related concepts magnetism magnetism magnetical magnetical magnetic magnetic geomagnetism geomagnetism terrestrial magnetic field geomagnetic field terrestrial magnetism geomagnetic field terrestrial magnetism magnetism, terrestrial magnetism, terrestrial geomagnetic terrestrial magnetic field geomagnetic remanent magnetism remanent magnetism residual magnetism magnetism, remanent remanence retentivity remanence magnetism, residual retentivity remanent magnetization magnetism, residual remanent magnetization magnetization, remanent residual magnetism magnetism, remanent magnetization, remanent archaeomagnetism archaeomagnetism archeomagnetism archeomagnetism archaeomagnetic archaeomagnetic thermoremanence thermoremanence thermal remanent magnetization TRM thermoremanent magnetism thermoremanent magnetism thermoremanent magnetization thermoremanent magnetization thermal remanent magnetization TRM paleomagnetism paleomagnetism palaeomagnetic palaeomagnetic palaeomagnetism palaeomagnetism paleomagnetic paleomagnetic electromagnetism electromagnetism electromagnetic electromagnetic electromagnetic fields electromagnetic fields electromagnetics electromagnetics magnetism-related concepts magnetism-related concepts nuclear magnetic resonance nuclear magnetic resonance resonance, nuclear magnetic NMR resonance, nuclear spin NMR resonance, nuclear spin nuclear spin resonance spin resonance, nuclear nuclear spin resonance magnetic resonance, nuclear spin resonance, nuclear resonance, nuclear magnetic magnetic resonance, nuclear electron spin resonance electron spin resonance spin resonance, electron resonance, electron paramagnetic ESR spin resonance, electron resonance, electron spin ESR electrical paramagnetic resonance resonance, electron spin paramagnetic resonance, electron electrical paramagnetic resonance spin resonance paramagnetic resonance, electron electron paramagnetic resonance spin resonance resonance, electron paramagnetic electron paramagnetic resonance magnetic field magnetic field physics concepts physics concepts energy and related concepts energy and related concepts energy energy electricity electricity electrical electrical geoelectricity geoelectricity terrestrial electricity terrestrial electricity static electricity static electricity electricity, static electricity, static heat heat electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic energy energy, electromagnetic spectra, electromagnetic electromagnetic spectra spectra, electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic spectra waves, electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic waves waves, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic electromagnetic waves electromagnetic energy energy, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic light light artificial light artificial light light, artificial light, artificial artificial illumination artificial illumination daylight daylight light, natural natural light natural light light, natural sunlight sunlight sunshine sunshine reflected light reflected light light, reflected light, reflected glare glare reflections reflections reflection reflection transmitted light transmitted light light, transmitted light, transmitted solar radiation solar radiation radiation, solar radiation, solar ultraviolet radiation ultraviolet radiation radiation, ultraviolet ultraviolet rays ultraviolet light rays, ultra-violet radiation, ultraviolet light, ultraviolet ultraviolet rays ultra-violet radiation rays, ultra-violet radiation, ultra-violet light, ultraviolet UV radiation ultra-violet radiation radiation, ultra-violet rays, ultraviolet UV radiation light, ultra-violet ultra-violet rays radiation, UV rays, ultraviolet light, ultra-violet ultra-violet rays ultraviolet light radiation, UV infrared radiation infrared radiation rays, infrared radiation, infra-red IR radiation infrared rays infra-red radiation radiation, infra-red infra-red light light, infra-red infrared rays infra-red radiation radiation, infrared infrared light light, infra-red IR infrared light infrared radiation, infrared light, infrared IR infra-red rays infrared light, infrared rays, infrared IR radiation infra-red rays infra-red light polarized light polarized light x-rays x-rays nuclear radiation nuclear radiation radiation, nuclear radiation, nuclear beta rays beta rays beta-particles beta-particles beta radiation beta radiation beta particles beta particles kinetic energy kinetic energy energy, kinetic energy, kinetic potential energy potential energy energy, potential energy, potential energy-related concepts energy-related concepts light-related concepts light-related concepts refraction refraction dioptrics dioptrics darkness darkness shade shade shadows shadows shadow shadow cast shadows cast shadows shadows, cast shadows, cast cast shadow cast shadow luminescence luminescence luminosity luminosity fluorescence fluorescence fluorescent fluorescent x-ray fluorescence x-ray fluorescence XRF XRF x ray fluorescence x ray fluorescence thermoluminescence thermoluminescence phosphorescence phosphorescence phosphorescent phosphorescent photoluminescence photoluminescence cathodoluminescence cathodoluminescence cathodoluminescent cathodoluminescent chemiluminescence chemiluminescence highlights highlights reflectance reflectance reflectivity factor, reflection coefficient of reflection reflectivity reflection coefficient coefficient of reflection reflection coefficient coefficient, reflection reflection factor coefficient, reflection reflection factor factor, reflection diffuse reflectance diffuse reflectance reflectance, diffuse reflectance, diffuse heat-related concepts heat-related concepts thermal efficiency thermal efficiency efficiency, thermal efficiency, thermal heat gain heat gain gain, heat gain, heat heat loss heat loss loss, heat loss, heat heat transmission heat transmission flow, heat heat flow heat flow transmission, heat flow, heat transmission, heat flashover flashover electricity-related concepts electricity-related concepts voltage voltage electric potential electric potential electric arcs electric arcs arcs arcs, electric arcs, electric electric arc electric arc arcs carbon arcs carbon arcs arcs, carbon carbon-arcs carbon-arcs carbon-arc carbon-arc carbon arc arcs, carbon carbon arc pressure pressure air pressure air pressure pressure, air pressure, air atmospheric pressure atmospheric pressure pressure, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric earth pressure earth pressure pressure, earth pressure, earth vapor pressure vapor pressure pressure, vapor pressure, vapor water pressure water pressure pressure, water pressure, water vacuum vacuum acoustics concepts acoustics concepts sound absorption sound absorption absorption, sound absorption, sound sound sound sounds sounds ultrasound ultrasound supersound supersound ultrasonic ultrasonic echo echo sound reverberation echoes echoes reverberation, sound reverberation, sound sound reverberation acoustic transmission acoustic transmission transmission, acoustic transmission, acoustic transmission, sound transmission, sound sound transmission sound transmission pitch pitch resonance resonance resonant resonant acoustic emission acoustic emission emission, acoustic emission, acoustic timbre timbre klangfarbe tone color tone color tone quality tone quality klangfarbe mechanics concepts mechanics concepts statics statics force force graphic statics graphic statics statics, graphic statics, graphic funicular lines funicular lines lines, funicular lines, funicular funicular polygons funicular polygons polygons, funicular polygons, funicular influence lines influence lines lines, influence lines, influence dynamics dynamics structural dynamics structural dynamics entropy entropy entropic entropic motion motion acceleration acceleration centrifugal force centrifugal force force, centrifugal force, centrifugal centripetal force centripetal force force, centripetal force, centripetal inertia inertia momentum momentum rotation rotation rotational motion motion, rotational motion, rotational rotational motion torque torque speed speed velocity velocity aerodynamics aerodynamics kinetics kinetics kinetic kinetic kinematics kinematics ballistics ballistics ballistic ballistic thermodynamics thermodynamics flow flow soil mechanics soil mechanics mechanics, soil mechanics, soil time time optical concepts optical concepts resolution resolution resolving power resolving power power, resolving power, resolving color order system color order system color order systems color-order system system, color order colour system system, color order color system colour system system, colour color system colour systems system, colour system, color colour systems color order systems color-order system system, color absorption coefficient absorption coefficient coefficient of absorption coefficient of absorption coefficient, absorption coefficient, absorption engineering concepts engineering concepts structural analysis concepts structural analysis concepts loads loads loading loading structural loads structural loads load load axial loads axial loads axial loading axial loading loads, axial loads, axial axial load axial load combined loads combined loads loads, combined combined load combined load combined loading combined loading loads, combined concentrated loads concentrated loads concentrated loading concentrated loading loads, concentrated loads, concentrated concentrated load concentrated load construction loads construction loads loads, construction loads, construction construction load construction load construction loading construction loading distributed loads distributed loads distributed loading distributed loading loads, distributed distributed load loads, distributed distributed load eccentric loads eccentric loads unsymmetrical loads loads, eccentric loads, eccentric eccentric load loads, unsymmetrical eccentric load loads, unsymmetrical eccentric loading unsymmetrical loads eccentric loading impact loads impact loads short term loads impact loading short term loads loads, impact loads, impact impact load loads, short term impact load loads, short term impact loading lateral loads lateral loads lateral load lateral loading lateral loading loads, lateral loads, lateral lateral load earthquake loads earthquake loads loads, seismic earthquake loading seismic loads earthquake loading seismic loads loads, earthquake loads, earthquake earthquake load loads, seismic earthquake load wind loads wind loads wind load loads, wind loads, wind wind loading wind load wind loading moving loads moving loads loads, moving moving load moving load loads, moving snow loads snow loads snow loading snow load snow load snow loading traffic loads traffic loads loads, traffic loads, traffic traffic loading traffic loading traffic load traffic load uniform loads uniform loads uniform loading uniform loading uniform load uniform load loads, uniform loads, uniform dead loads dead loads loads, static dead loading static loads dead loading static loads loads, dead loads, dead dead load loads, static dead load live loads live loads loads, live live load live load live loading live loading loads, live superimposed loads superimposed loads loads, superimposed loads, superimposed superimposed load superimposed load settlement of structures settlement of structures structures, settlement of structures, settlement of span span structural failures structural failures structural failure structural failure failures, structural failures, structural bridge failures bridge failures failures, bridge failures, bridge bridge failure bridge failure building failures building failures building failure failures, building failures, building building failure structural stability structural stability structures, stability of stability analysis structures, stability of stability of structures stability of structures analysis, stability stability, structural analysis, stability stability, structural stability analysis moments moments equilibrium equilibrium plastic design plastic design design, plastic design, limit-load ultimate-strength design analysis, ultimate-strength ultimate-load design design, ultimate-load limit-load design design, limit-load collapse design ultimate-load design design, ultimate-load limit-states design design, limit-states collapse design ultimate-strength analysis limit-states design design, ultimate-strength analysis, plastic design, limit-states design, collapse ultimate-strength analysis plastic analysis design, ultimate-strength analysis, plastic design, plastic design, collapse ultimate-strength design analysis, ultimate-strength plastic analysis limit-load design plastic hinges plastic hinges plastic-hinges plastic-hinges hinges, plastic hinges, plastic shape factors shape factors factors, shape factors, shape flutter flutter seismic design seismic design earthquake design design, earthquake-resistant design, aseismic aseismic design construction parasismique earthquake-resistant design design, earthquake-resistant earthquake resistant construction aseismic design earthquake-resistant construction earthquake-resistant design design, seismic construction, earthquake-resistant earthquake resistant construction earthquake-resistant construction earthquake resistant design design, seismic earthquake-resisting construction construction, earthquake-resistant earthquake-resistant earthquake resistant design earthquake-resisting construction design, aseismic earthquake design earthquake-resistant construction parasismique resonance resonance base isolation base isolation isolation, base isolation, base materials sciences concepts materials sciences concepts strength of materials strength of materials strength strength materials, strength of materials, strength of stress stress stresses stresses axial stress axial stress normal forces normal forces stress, axial stress, axial axial stresses axial stresses bearing stress bearing stress bearing stresses bearing stresses stress, bearing stress, bearing bending stress bending stress bending stresses bending stresses stress, bending stress, bending combined stress combined stress stress, combined combined stresses combined stresses stress, combined shear stress shear stress shear stress, shear shear stress, shear shear force, internal shear force, internal internal shear force shearing stress internal shear force shearing stress torsional stress torsional stress torsion stresses stress, torsional torsion stresses stress, twisting twisting stress stress, twisting twisting stress torsional stresses torsional stresses stress, torsional thermal stress thermal stress stress, temperature temperature stress stress, temperature thermal stresses thermal stresses stress, thermal stress, thermal temperature stress internal stress internal stress residual stress forces, internal stress, internal forces, internal stress, internal internal forces stress, residual internal forces stress, residual residual stress moment of inertia moment of inertia inertia, moment of inertia, moment of radius of gyration radius of gyration gyration, radius of gyration, radius of section modulus section modulus modulus, section modulus, section strain strain modulus of elasticity modulus of elasticity modulus, Young's Hooke's modulus elasticity, modulus of modulus, Young's modulus, elastic elasticity, modulus of coefficient elasticity Young's modulus modulus, elastic elastic modulus coefficient elasticity Young's modulus modulus, Hooke's elastic modulus elasticity, coefficient modulus, Hooke's Hooke's modulus elasticity, coefficient deformation deformation deflection deflection compression compression compressing compressing fatigue fatigue computer science concepts computer science concepts virtual reality virtual reality reality, virtual reality, virtual cyberspace cyberspace contamination contamination contaminated contaminated technology and related concepts technology and related concepts technology technology applied science applied science science, applied science, applied technological technological appropriate technology appropriate technology technology, appropriate intermediate technology technology, intermediate intermediate technology technology, intermediate technology, alternative technology, alternative alternative technology technology, appropriate alternative technology information technology information technology IT technology, information technology, information IT computer networking concepts computer networking concepts bandwidth bandwidth band width band width broadband broadband broad band broad band domains domains domain domain Ethernet Ethernet ethernet ethernet FTP FTP file transfer program file transfer program file transfer protocol file transfer protocol hypertext hypertext links links hyperlinks hyperlinks link link hypertext links hypertext links LANs LANs Local Area Networks Local Area Networks LAN LAN search engines search engines search engine search engine servers servers file server file server server server hypermedia hypermedia home pages home pages home page homepage home page homepages homepages homepage codecs codecs CODEC CODEC codec codec backups backups backup back-up back-up backup USB USB Universal Serial Bus Universal Serial Bus IEEE 1394 IEEE 1394 Fire Wire standard IEEE 1394 standard FireWire (TM) FireWire (TM) Firewire Firewire Fire Wire standard IEEE 1394 standard computer file formats computer file formats PDF PDF portable document format portable document format JPEG JPEG .jpg .jpg TIFF TIFF computer languages and codes computer languages and codes ASCII ASCII American Standard Code for Information Exchange American Standard Code for Information Exchange American Standard Code for Information Interchange American Standard Code for Information Interchange HTML HTML hypertext mark-up language hypertext markup language hypertext markup language hypertext mark-up language XML XML Extensible Markup Language Extensible Markup Language MIDI MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface Musical Instrument Digital Interface technology-related concepts technology-related concepts infrastructure infrastructure urban infrastructure infrastructure, urban infrastructure, urban plant, capital plant, capital capital plant urban infrastructure capital plant modular coordination modular coordination coordination, modular dimensional coordination dimensional coordination design, modular modular design design, modular coordination, dimensional modular design dimensional co-ordination coordination, dimensional coordination, modular dimensional co-ordination tolerances tolerances tolerance tolerance engineering tolerances engineering tolerances fits fits concepts in the arts concepts in the arts historical, theoretical and critical concepts historical, theoretical and critical concepts Antique, the Antique, the the Antique the Antique style style court style court style style, palace palace style palace style style, court style, court court styles style, palace court styles decorum decorum propriety propriety technique technique hermeneutics hermeneutics provenance provenance provenience provenience connoisseurship connoisseurship oenology oenology wine making wine making oenologie oenologie enology enology gastronomy gastronomy gastronomie gastronomie kitsch kitsch revival revival revivals revivals critical theories critical theories structuralism structuralism structuralist structuralist psychologism psychologism deconstruction deconstruction deconstructive deconstructive post-structuralism post-structuralism poststructuralism post-structuralist post-structuralist poststructuralism critical regionalism critical regionalism regionalism, critical regionalism, critical paragone paragone paragon paragon masterpiece masterpiece artistic masterpiece artistic masterpiece masterwork masterwork period period era era Gesamtkunstwerk Gesamtkunstwerk historical, theoretical and critical concepts: visual arts historical, theoretical and critical concepts: visual arts iconology iconology iconological iconological iconography iconography iconographical iconographic iconographic iconographical architectural theory architectural theory philosophy of architecture theory, architectural theory, architectural architecture, philosophy of architecture, philosophy of philosophy of architecture contextualism contextualism contextualist contextualist tectonics tectonics Kunstwollen Kunstwollen aesthetic urge aesthetic urge will to form will to form disegno disegno ut pictura poesis ut pictura poesis art theory art theory theory, art theory, art istoria istoria historia historia primitive hut primitive hut hut, primitive rustic cabin rustic cabin cabin, rustic cabin, rustic hut, primitive historical, theoretical and critical concepts: literature historical, theoretical and critical concepts: literature exegesis exegesis literary theory literary theory theory, literary literature, philosophy of theory of literature literature, philosophy of theory of literature philosophy of literature philosophy of literature theory, literary literary movements literary movements imagism imagism imagist poetry imagist poetry Beweging van Tachtig Beweging van Tachtig Tachtig Men of the Eighties Nieuws Giders Tachtiger Movement Nieuws Giders Movement of the Eighties Tachtiger Movement Tachtigers Movement of the Eighties Tachtigers Tachtig Men of the Eighties analytical bibliography analytical bibliography descriptive bibliography bibliography, descriptive bibliography, analytical descriptive bibliography bibliography, historical bibliography, analytical analytic bibliography historical bibliography bibliography, historical bibliography, critical analytic bibliography historical bibliography critical bibliography bibliography, critical bibliography, analytic critical bibliography bibliography, descriptive bibliography, analytic art for art's sake art for art's sake l'art pour l'art l'art pour l'art appropriation appropriation images, appropriated appropriated images images, appropriated appropriationism appropriationism appropriated imagery imagery, appropriated appropriated imagery imagery, appropriated appropriated images intermedia intermedia intermedia works intermedial works inter-media intermédia intermedium intermedial works inter-media art intermedium inter-media works inter-media art works, intermedia inter-media works intermedia art works, intermedia intermedia art intermedia works inter-media intermédia theme theme ambiguity ambiguity ambiguous ambiguous détournement détournement intertextuality intertextuality intertextual intertextual artistic change artistic change change, artistic change, artistic gaze gaze anti-modernism anti-modernism anti-avant-garde anti-modernist anti-modernist antimodernism antimodernism anti-avant-garde industry industry rasa rasa saundarya madhu aucitya ānanda madhu ānanda sundara camatkāra sundara camatkāra saundarya aucitya schools schools school school carnivalesque carnivalesque the carnivalesque carnivalesque, the carnivalesque, the the carnivalesque genres in the arts genres in the arts erotica erotica erotic erotic propaganda propaganda agitprop agitprop agit-prop agit-prop agitation propaganda agitation propaganda literary, oral and motion picture genres literary, oral and motion picture genres comedy comedy comic literature comic literature zarzuela zarzuela commedia dell'arte commedia dell'arte commedias dell'arte commedia dell'artes commedia dell'artes commedias dell'arte religious drama religious drama drama, sacred sacred drama sacred drama drama, religious drama, religious drama, sacred tragedy tragedy fiction fiction fictional fictional science fiction science fiction fiction, science fiction, science crime fiction crime fiction fiction, crime fiction, crime detective fiction detective fiction fiction, detective fiction, detective spy fiction spy fiction fiction, spy espionage fiction spy-fiction espionage fiction spy-fiction fiction, espionage fiction, espionage fiction, spy romantic fiction romantic fiction novels, popular romantic fiction, romantic romantic novels, popular romance fiction popular romantic novels bodice-ripper novels, popular romantic glitz romantic novels, popular bodice-ripper romance, popular popular romantic novels novels, romantic glitz stories, love fiction, romance romance, popular novels, romantic romance stories, love love stories fiction, romance romantic novels popular romance romance love stories fiction, romantic romantic novels romance fiction popular romance fictional biography fictional biography fiction, biographical biographical fiction biography, fictional fiction, biographical biographical fiction biography, fictionalized novel, biographical biography, fictionalized biographical novel novel, biographical fictionalized biography biographical novel fictionalized biography biography, fictional young adult fiction young adult fiction fiction, young adult fiction, adolescent teenage fiction fiction, adolescent adolescent fiction teenage fiction fiction, teenage adolescent fiction fiction, teenage adult fiction, young adult fiction, young fiction, young adult autofiction autofiction self-fiction self-fiction pulp fiction pulp fiction pulp-fiction pulp-fiction folklore folklore folk-lore folk-lore poetry poetry visual poetry visual poetry shaped poetry poetry, shaped word art poetry, shaped word art poetry, visual poetry, visual art, word shaped poetry art, word concrete poetry concrete poetry poetry, concrete poetry, concrete pattern poetry pattern poetry picture writing poetry, shaped poems, emblem shaped poetry poems, emblem emblem poems shaped poetry poetry, pattern emblem poems writing, picture poetry, pattern picture writing poetry, shaped writing, picture sound poetry sound poetry poetry, sound poetry, sound mythology mythology myth myth nonfiction nonfiction nonfictional nonfictional non-fiction non-fiction biography biography autobiography autobiography hagiography hagiography midrash midrash midrashot midrashot midrashim midrashoth midrashim midrashoth midrashos midrashos utopian literature utopian literature literature, utopian literature, utopian travel literature travel literature literature, travel literature, travel Western Western Western fiction Western fiction fiction, Western fiction, Western pornography pornography pornographic pornographic architecture genres architecture genres academic architecture academic architecture architecture, academic architecture, academic organic architecture organic architecture architecture, organic architecture, organic fantastic architecture fantastic architecture architecture, fantastic imaginary architecture architectural fantasies imaginary architecture architecture, imaginary architectural fantasies architecture, imaginary architecture, bizarre bizarre architecture architecture, bizarre architecture, fantastic bizarre architecture visionary architecture visionary architecture futuristic architecture futuristic architecture architecture, visionary architecture, visionary vernacular architecture vernacular architecture architecture, indigenous anonymous architecture indigenous architecture architecture, vernacular architecture, indigenous architecture, anonymous non-pedigreed architecture architecture, vernacular architecture, non-pedigreed architecture, anonymous non-pedigreed architecture architecture, non-pedigreed folk architecture architecture, folk spontaneous architecture architecture, spontaneous folk architecture architecture, folk anonymous architecture spontaneous architecture indigenous architecture architecture, spontaneous primitive architecture primitive architecture architecture, primitive architecture, primitive blob architecture blob architecture blob-architecture liquid design liquid design blobitecture architecture blob blobitecture architecture blob blob-architecture sustainable architecture sustainable architecture green architecture green architecture green design environmentally friendly architecture green design environmentally friendly architecture sustainable design sustainable design art genres art genres cybernetic art cybernetic art post-kinetic art post-kinetic art cyberart cyberart crafts crafts craft arts and crafts arts and crafts handicrafts handicrafts craft academic art academic art art, academic art, academic apocalyptic art apocalyptic art art, apocalyptic art, apocalyptic outsider art outsider art brut, art raw art art brut art, raw art, outsider psychotic art raw art insane, art of the art, isolate art, raw art, psychiatric psychotic art isolate art insane, art of the art, isolate art, visionary art, psychiatric isolate art l'art brut visionary art art, visionary art of the insane art, psychotic psychiatric art l'art brut visionary art brut, art art of the insane art brut art, psychotic art, outsider psychiatric art commercial art commercial art art, commercial art, commercial community art community art art, community art, community street art street art art, street street works street works works, street works, street art, street court art court art art, court art, court dissident art dissident art art, unofficial art, dissident nonconformist art art, dissident nonconformist art art, nonconformist unofficial art art, nonconformist unofficial art art, unofficial ethnic art ethnic art art, ethnic art, ethnic fantastic art fantastic art art, visionary art, visionary art, fantastic phantastichen malerei art, fantastic phantastichen malerei visionary art visionary art folk art folk art art, vernacular vernacular art art, folk vernacular art peasant art art, folk vernacular style peasant art art, peasant vernacular style style, vernacular art, peasant style, vernacular art, vernacular mingei mingei funerary art funerary art mourning art art, funerary art, funerary art, mourning art, mourning mourning art children's art children's art art, children's art, children's figurative art figurative art objective art art, objective objective art art, representational representational art art, representational art, figurative representational art figuration art, figurative figuration art, objective primitive art primitive art art, primitive art, primitive public art public art art, municipal art, public art, public municipal art municipal art art, municipal didactic art didactic art art, didactic art, didactic computer art computer art computer-generated art art, computer art, computer dataism dataism computer-generated art algorithmic art algorithmic art art of algorithms art of algorithms art, algorithmic art, algorithmic generative art generative art art, generative generative computer art generative computer art art, generative serial art serial art serialism imagery, serial art, serial serialism sequential art art, serial series art sequential art art, series series art serial imagery art, series art, sequential systems art serial imagery imagery, serial art, sequential systems art nonrepresentational art nonrepresentational art non-representational non-figurative art art, nonrepresentational non-representational art non-figurative art non-figurative non-representational art nonrepresentational non-figurative art, nonfigurative nonrepresentational nonfigurative art art, nonfigurative non-representational nonfigurative art art, nonrepresentational sofa art sofa art art, sofa art, sofa rock art rock art art, rupestrian art, rupestrian rupestrian art rupestrian art art, rock art, rock cave art cave art art, cave art, cave religious art religious art art, religious art, religious ecological art ecological art art, ecological art, ecological eco-art eco-art political art political art social art activist art activist art art, political art, political social art naive art naive art art, naive art, naive art, naïve art, naïve naïve art naïve art trench art trench art self-taught art self-taught art art, self-taught art, self-taught interactive art interactive art participatory art participatory art art, interactive art, interactive interactivity in art interactivity in art pastoral pastoral arcadia arcadia furniture genres furniture genres vernacular furniture vernacular furniture furniture, country furniture, country furniture, vernacular furniture, vernacular country furniture country furniture motion picture genres motion picture genres actuality actuality film noir film noir cinema noir cinema noir screwball comedy screwball comedy comedy, romantic screwball screwball comedy, romantic comedy, screwball comedy, screwball romantic screwball comedy romantic screwball comedy comedy, romantic screwball screwball comedy, romantic swashbuckler swashbuckler swordplay drama film, swashbuckler film, swashbuckler swashbuckler film swashbuckler film drama, swordplay swordplay drama drama, swordplay artistic concepts artistic concepts concepts relating to the creative process concepts relating to the creative process projects projects projets projets project project student projects student projects projects, student projects, student unbuilt projects unbuilt projects projects, unbuilt unbuilt unbuilt designs, unbuilt unbuilt designs designs, unbuilt unbuilt designs projects, unbuilt sprezzatura sprezzatura influence influence influences influences authorship authorship craftsmanship craftsmanship workmanship workmanship creativity creativity creative creative creative ability creative ability imagination imagination fantasy fantasy inspiration inspiration invention invention invenzione invenzione invenzioni invenzioni originality originality genius genius expression expression expressiveness expressiveness self-expression self-expression Self expression Self expression execution execution executed executed designs designs design design unexecuted designs unexecuted designs projects, unrealized projects, unrealized unrealized projects unrealized projects designs, unexecuted designs, unexecuted model model artist's intent artist's intent artistic intent intention, artist's artistic intention intent, artistic intention, artist's artistic intention intent, artist's intent, artist's artist's intention intention, artistic artist's intention artistic intent intention, artistic intent, artistic state state artistic devices artistic devices allusion allusion imagery imagery parody parody stylization stylization symbolism symbolism symbolic symbolic allegory allegory allegorical allegorical symbolic color symbolic color colour, symbolic symbolism of colours symbolic colour symbolic colors symbolic colour color, symbolic symbolic colors symbolism of colors color, symbolic symbolic colours symbolism of colors colour, symbolic symbolism of colours symbolic colours number symbolism number symbolism symbolism, number numerical symbolism symbolism, number numerology symbolism of numbers numerology numbers, symbolic symbolism of numbers symbolic numbers numbers, symbolic symbolic numbers numerical symbolism religious symbolism religious symbolism symbolism, religious church symbolism church symbolism symbolism, church symbolism, church symbolism, religious artistic devices: literature artistic devices: literature analogy analogy ekphrasis ekphrasis irony irony metaphor metaphor metonymy metonymy metonymous metonymous synecdoche synecdoche narrative narrative personification personification humor humor humourous humorous humorous humour humour humourous satire satire satirical satirical forms of expression forms of expression regionalism regionalism regionalist regionalist academicism academicism forms of expression: visual arts forms of expression: visual arts machine aesthetic machine aesthetic aesthetic, machine aesthetic, machine anti-art anti-art abstraction abstraction geometric abstraction geometric abstraction abstraction, geometric abstraction, geometric classical abstraction classical abstraction abstraction, classical abstraction, classical biomorphic abstraction biomorphic abstraction biomorphic concretions humor concretions abstraction, biomorphic humor concretions concretions, humor abstraction, biomorphic concretions, humor abstraction, creative creative abstraction abstraction, creative biomorphic concretions creative abstraction adhocism adhocism adhoc adhoc primitivism primitivism neoprimitivism neo-primitivism neo-primitivism neoprimitivism Rubenism Rubenism Party of Colour colourism colorism Party of Colour Colour, Party of colorism Rubénisme Colour, Party of Color, Party of Rubénisme Party of Color Color, Party of Party of Color colourism Poussinism Poussinism Poussinisme Poussinisme rationalism rationalism rationalist rationalist representation representation portrayal portrayal depiction depiction dynamism dynamism universal dynamism universal dynamism ideism ideism idéism idéiste idéiste ideist ideist idéism classicism classicism classicizing classicizing classicistic classicistic eclecticism eclecticism eclectic eclectic formalism formalism functionalism functionalism theory of function function, theory of function, theory of theory of function occultism occultism realism realism realist realist naturalism naturalism verism verism verist verist social realism social realism realism, social social realist social realist realism, social romanticism romanticism romantic romantic historicism historicism storicismo historicist storicismo historism historism historismus historismus historicist simultaneism simultaneism simultaneity simultanism simultanism simultanisme simultanisme simultaneity formal concepts formal concepts form and composition concepts form and composition concepts articulation articulation spatial articulation spatial articulation alignment alignment alinement aligned aligned alinement balance balance equilibrium equilibrium asymmetry asymmetry asymmetrical asymmetrical symmetry symmetry symmetrical symmetrical approximate symmetry approximate symmetry symmetry, approximate symmetry, approximate symmetry, dynamic symmetry, dynamic dynamic symmetry dynamic symmetry radial symmetry radial symmetry symmetry, radial balance, radial balance, radial radial balance radial balance symmetry, radial axial symmetry axial symmetry symmetry, axial axiality axiality balance, axial balance, axial axial balance symmetry, axial axial balance bilateral symmetry bilateral symmetry symmetrical balance symmetrical balance symmetry, bilateral symmetry, bilateral balance, symmetrical balance, symmetrical disproportion disproportion morbidezza morbidezza enfilade enfilade form form frontality frontality frontal depiction frontal depiction linearity linearity linear linear massing massing mass mass proportion proportion golden section golden section ratio, golden golden ratio section, golden golden ratio section, golden mean, golden mean, golden golden mean ratio, golden golden mean aspect ratio aspect ratio ratio, aspect ratio, aspect scale scale scales scales monumentality monumentality verticality verticality vertical vertical vertical axis vertical axis optical correction optical correction refinement, optical refinement, optical correction, optical correction, optical optical refinement optical refinement entasis entasis horizontality horizontality horizontal horizontal axis horizontal axis horizontal space space negative space negative space negative volumes hollow volumes volume, negative space, negative hollow volumes volumes, hollow space, negative negative volume volumes, hollow void negative volume hollow volume void negative volumes hollow volume volume, negative pictorial space pictorial space picture space picture space space, pictorial space, pictorial horror vacui horror vacui painterliness painterliness painterly painterly plan plan grid plan grid plan grid-iron plan gridiron plan, grid orthogonal plan gridiron plan, orthogonal orthogonal plan gridiron plan plan, orthogonal plan, chessboard gridiron plan chessboard plan plan, chessboard grid-iron plan chessboard plan plan, grid radial plan radial plan radiocentric plan plan, radial plan, radial plan, radiocentric plan, radiocentric radiocentric plan setback setback composition and compositional elements composition and compositional elements composition composition closed composition closed composition composition, closed composition, closed composition, closed-value composition, closed-value closed-value composition closed-value composition open composition open composition composition, open composition, open open form open form compositional elements compositional elements focal point focal point point, focal point, focal foreground foreground middle ground middle ground distance, middle ground, middle ground, middle middle distance middle distance distance, middle background background arrière-plan arrière-plan coulisses coulisses coulisse coulisse repoussoir repoussoir layout layout mise-en-page mise-en-page mises en carte mises en carte mise en carte mise en carte linear forms linear forms contour contour edge edge contorno contorno phantom line phantom line line, phantom line, phantom Hogarth's line Hogarth's line line, Hogarth's line of beauty line of beauty beauty, line of beauty, line of line, Hogarth's outline outline edge edge profile profile contrast contrast obliquity obliquity complexity complexity complexité complexité harmony harmony concord harmonic proportions harmonic proportions proportions, harmonic proportions, harmonic concord concinnity concinnity eurhythmy eurhythmy eurythmy eurythmy concinnitas concinnitas rhythm rhythm continuity continuity simplicity simplicity unity unity visual and representational concepts visual and representational concepts quotations quotations gesture gesture plasticity plasticity figure-ground perception figure-ground perception figure and background perception figure-ground relationship figure and ground perception perception, figure-ground figure and ground perception perception, figure-ground figure-background perception figure-background perception figure and background perception figure-ground relationship continuous representation continuous representation narration, continuous continuous narration representation, continuous continuous narration representation, continuous continuous narrative continuous narrative narration, continuous depth of field depth of field distortion distortion optical illusion optical illusion optical illusions optical illusions illusion, optical illusion, optical afterimages afterimages after-images after-images afterimage afterimage moiré effect moiré effect effect, moiré effect, moiré false perspective false perspective perspective, false perspective, false Newton's rings Newton's rings Newton's ring Newton's ring sight lines sight lines lines, sight sight-lines sight-lines lines, sight simultaneous representation simultaneous representation representation, simultaneous representation, simultaneous simultaneity simultaneity tactile values tactile values values, tactile values, tactile viewpoint viewpoint illusionism illusionism sotto in su sotto in su di sotto in sù di sotto in sù di sotto in su di sotto in su trompe-l'oeil trompe-l'oeil trompe l'oeil trompe l'oeil faux bois faux bois faux marbre faux marbre perspective-related concepts perspective-related concepts picture plane picture plane plane, picture plane, picture vanishing point vanishing point point, vanishing point, vanishing orthogonals orthogonals orthogonal orthogonal vanishing area vanishing area area, vanishing vanishing areas vanishing areas area, vanishing center of projection center of projection projection, centre of centre of projection centre of projection projection, center of projection, center of projection, centre of horizon line horizon line line, horizon line, horizon station point station point point, station point, station vanishing axis vanishing axis axis, vanishing axis, vanishing vanishing trace vanishing trace pose pose contrapposto contrapposto figura serpentinata figura serpentinata figura serpentina figura serpentina absorption absorption transportation and related concepts transportation and related concepts transportation transportation transport transport air transport air transport transport, air transport, air aerial transport aerial transport urban transportation urban transportation city transportation transportation, city transportation, urban metropolitan transportation transportation, urban transportation, metropolitan metropolitan transportation transportation, metropolitan municipal transportation transportation, municipal municipal transportation city transportation transportation, city transportation, municipal water transport water transport transport, water water transportation water transportation transport, water transportation-related concepts transportation-related concepts parking parking traffic traffic traffic patterns traffic circulation traffic circulation traffic flow traffic flow traffic patterns environmental concepts environmental concepts drainage drainage land drainage land drainage drainage, soil drainage, soil soil drainage soil drainage drainage, land drainage, land runoff runoff surface water drainage surface water drainage soil percolation soil percolation percolation, soil percolation, soil soil water percolation soil water percolation noise noise transportation noise transportation noise noise, transportation noise, transportation traffic noise traffic noise noise, traffic noise, traffic city noise city noise noise, urban urban noise urban noise noise, city noise, city noise, urban pollution pollution environmental pollution polluted polluted environmental pollution pollution by location or context pollution by location or context air pollution air pollution pollution, air pollution, air pollution, atmospheric pollution, atmospheric atmospheric pollution atmospheric pollution smog smog indoor air pollution indoor air pollution air pollution, indoor air pollution, indoor pollution, indoor air pollution, indoor air soil pollution soil pollution pollution, soil pollution, soil water pollution water pollution pollution, water pollution, water marine pollution marine pollution ocean pollution ocean pollution sea pollution sea pollution pollution, marine pollution, marine pollution by agent pollution by agent chemical pollution chemical pollution pollution, chemical pollution, chemical noise pollution noise pollution pollution, noise pollution, noise thermal pollution thermal pollution pollution, thermal heat pollution heat pollution pollution, heat pollution, heat pollution, thermal acid rain acid rain precipitation, acid precipitation, acid rain, acid rain, acid acid precipitation acid precipitation light pollution light pollution pollution, light pollution, light humidity humidity relative humidity relative humidity humidity, atmospheric humidity, atmospheric humidity, relative humidity, relative atmospheric humidity atmospheric humidity absolute humidity absolute humidity humidity, absolute humidity, absolute environmental impact environmental impact environmental impacts risk, environmental risk, environmental environmental risk environmental risk impact, environmental environmental impacts impact, environmental visual impact visual impact impact, visual impact, visual air quality air quality quality, air quality, air indoor air quality indoor air quality IAQ IAQ quality, indoor air quality, indoor air air quality, indoor air quality, indoor odors odors aromas smells aromas smells odours odours odor scents odor scents green design green design design, green green building design green building design green building green building design, green infestation infestation infested infested resources concepts resources concepts energy consumption energy consumption consumption, energy consumption, energy fuel consumption fuel consumption consumption, fuel consumption, fuel fuel economy fuel economy economy, fuel economy, fuel energy resources energy resources power resources sources, energy resources, energy resources, energy energy sources resources, power energy sources resources, power power resources sources, energy geothermal power geothermal power power, geothermal power, geothermal resources, geothermal resources, geothermal geothermal resources geothermal resources nuclear power nuclear power nuclear energy atomic energy power, nuclear atomic energy power, nuclear energy, atomic energy, atomic nuclear energy solar power solar power power, solar ambient energy solar energy ambient energy solar energy energy, ambient energy, ambient power, solar hydroelectric power hydroelectric power hydraulic resources water-power hydraulic resources water-power power, hydroelectric power, hydroelectric waterpower waterpower wind power wind power power, wind power, wind power supply power supply supply, electric power supply, electric power supply, power supply, power electric power supply electric power supply electric power production electric power production production, electric power production, electric power power production, electric power production, electric natural resources natural resources national resources national resources resources, natural resources, natural water resources water resources supply, water supply, water water supply water supply resources, water resources, water energy conservation energy conservation conservation, energy conservation, energy water consumption water consumption water use consumption, water consumption, water use, water use, water water use global warming global warming warming, global warming, global sea-level rise sea-level rise ozone depletion ozone depletion stratospheric ozone depletion stratospheric ozone depletion greenhouse effect greenhouse effect greenhouse gases greenhouse gases greenhouse gas greenhouse gas culture and related concepts culture and related concepts culture culture cultural cultural culture-related concepts culture-related concepts language language cultural movements and attitudes cultural movements and attitudes new wave new wave amateurism amateurism dilettantism dilettantism aniconism aniconism antiquarianism antiquarianism archaism archaism avant-garde avant-garde avant garde avant garde Bohemianism Bohemianism dandyism dandyism elitism elitism elitist elitist ethnocentrism ethnocentrism ethnocentric ethnocentric exoticism exoticism Orientalism Orientalism Japonism Japonism Japonisme Japonisme Japanism Japanism feminism feminism feminist women's liberation movement movement, women's liberation feminist women's movement movement, women's liberation feminist movement women's movement feminist movement rights, women's women's rights movement, women's rights, women's women's rights women's liberation movement movement, women's golden age golden age golden age age, golden age, golden golden age hermetism hermetism hermeticism hermeticism humanism humanism humanist humanist iconoclasm iconoclasm iconoclastic iconoclastic iconoclast iconoclast materialism materialism popular culture popular culture mass culture culture, mass pop culture culture, mass pop culture culture, popular popular arts culture, popular arts, popular popular arts arts, popular mass culture provincialism provincialism provincial provincial radicalism radicalism ultraism counter culture counter culture culture, counter culture, counter ultraism traditionalism traditionalism Hellenism Hellenism Medievalism Medievalism Mediaevalism Mediaevalism illuminism illuminism multiculturalism multiculturalism pluralism, cultural cultural pluralism cultural pluralism pluralism, cultural camp camp campy campy neo-avant-garde neo-avant-garde neo-avant garde néo-avant garde néo-avant garde neo-avantgarde neo-avantgarde neo-avant garde Volksgeist Volksgeist spirit of the nation spirit of the nation Zeitgeist Zeitgeist age, spirit of the age, spirit of the spirit of the age spirit of the age civilization civilization civilisation civilisation customs customs custom custom social customs social customs etiquette etiquette fashion fashion fashionable fashionable mass media mass media media, mass media, mass recreation recreation recreational recreational play play travel travel journeying journeying leisure leisure free time free time leisure time leisure time dress dress deep mourning deep mourning mourning, deep mourning, deep mourning, full mourning, full full mourning full mourning half mourning half mourning half-mourning half-mourning mourning, half mourning, half evening dress evening dress evening clothes evening clothes clothes, evening clothes, evening dress, evening dress, evening afternoon dress afternoon dress afternoon costume costume, afternoon costume, afternoon dress, afternoon dress, afternoon afternoon costume fancy dress fancy dress dress, fancy dress, fancy undress undress deshabille deshabille morning dress morning dress clothes, morning dress, morning dress, morning morning clothes morning clothes clothes, morning court dress court dress dress, court court-dress court-dress dress, court national dress national dress dress, national national costume national costume costume, national costume, national dress, national visual literacy visual literacy literacy, visual literacy, visual literacy literacy ethnicity ethnicity identity, ethnic ethnic group identity identity, ethnic ethnic identity identity, ethnic group ethnic identity identity, ethnic group group identity, ethnic group identity, ethnic ethnic group identity philanthropy philanthropy race race peoples peoples taboo taboo tabu tapu tafoo tafoo tabou tambu tabou tambu tabu tapu vocabulary vocabulary terminology terminology vocabularies vocabularies ontologies ontologies ontology ontology secrecy secrecy concealment concealment codes codes code systems code systems systems, code systems, code code code ciphers ciphers cypher systems cipher systems systems, cipher cipher systems systems, cipher cyphers systems, cypher cyphers cipher systems, cypher cypher systems cipher peace peace nudity nudity nakedness nude nude nakedness oral tradition oral tradition tradition, oral tradition, oral postcolonialism postcolonialism postcolonial postcolonial genius genius cultural heritage cultural heritage multidisciplinary concepts multidisciplinary concepts methodology methodology research methods research methods case method case method method, case method, case teaching, case teaching, case case teaching case teaching simulation methods simulation methods methods, simulation methods, simulation authenticity authenticity genuineness authentic authentic genuineness theory theory typology typology standards standards professional standards professional standards standards, professional standards, professional hybridity hybridity functional concepts functional concepts housing housing shelter shelter housing by form housing by form cluster housing cluster housing clustered housing cluster development dwellings, cluster housing, clustered development, cluster cluster development housing, clustered grouped domestic architecture development, cluster cluster dwellings grouped domestic architecture domestic architecture, grouped cluster dwellings architecture, grouped domestic housing, cluster domestic architecture, grouped clustered housing architecture, grouped domestic dwellings, cluster housing, cluster low-rise housing low-rise housing housing, low-rise housing, low-rise housing by function housing by function temporary housing temporary housing temporary accommodation temporary accommodation housing, temporary housing, temporary emergency housing emergency housing housing, disaster housing, disaster housing, emergency housing, emergency disaster housing disaster housing housing by development practice housing by development practice rental housing rental housing housing, rental housing, rental leased housing leased housing housing, leased housing, leased trade-in housing trade-in housing housing, trade-in housing, trade-in trade in housing trade in housing affordable housing affordable housing housing, affordable housing, affordable self-help housing self-help housing self help housing self help housing housing, self-help housing, self-help low cost housing low cost housing housing, low cost low rent public housing housing, low rent public housing, low rent housing, low rent public housing, low rent low rent housing low rent housing housing, low cost low rent public housing public housing public housing housing, government government housing housing, public government housing housing, public housing, council housing, council council housing housing, government council housing scattered-site housing scattered-site housing housing, scattered-site housing, scattered-site low income housing low income housing housing, low-income housing for low income persons low-income housing housing for low income persons low-income housing housing, low income low income persons, housing for housing, low income low income persons, housing for housing, low-income moderate income housing moderate income housing moderate-income housing moderate-income housing housing, moderate income housing, moderate income housing, moderate-income housing, moderate-income incremental housing incremental housing step-by-step housing incremental construction construction, incremental incremental construction housing, incremental incremental self-help construction housing, incremental incremental self-help construction evolutionary housing step-by-step housing evolutionary housing construction, incremental housing by ownership housing by ownership communal housing communal housing housing, communal housing, communal residences, communal residences, communal communal residences communal residences congregate housing congregate housing housing facilities, congregate facilities, congregate housing facilities, congregate housing housing, congregate housing, congregate congregate housing facilities housing facilities, congregate congregate housing facilities cooperative housing cooperative housing coops co-operative housing housing, co-operative co-operative housing housing, co-operative co-ops housing, cooperative co-ops coops housing, cooperative industrial housing industrial housing housing, employee employee housing workers' houses housing, employee houses, workers' workers' houses housing, industrial houses, workers' company housing housing, industrial workers' housing housing, company company housing housing, workers' workers' housing housing, company employee housing housing, workers' shared housing shared housing housing, shared housing, shared home sharing sharing, home home sharing sharing, home homesharing homesharing housing by occupants housing by occupants housing for the elderly housing for the elderly elderly, housing for aged, housing for the housing for elderly elderly, housing for the aged, housing for the housing for the aged elderly, housing for the elderly, homes for the housing for the aged homes for the elderly elderly, homes for the sheltered housing housing, sheltered homes for the elderly elderly, housing for sheltered housing housing for elderly housing, sheltered housing for the handicapped housing for the handicapped housing for handicapped disabled, housing for the physically handicapped, housing for the housing for the physically handicapped housing for handicapped handicapped, housing for the housing for the physically handicapped housing for physically handicapped handicapped, housing for the disabled, housing for housing for physically handicapped physically handicapped, housing for housing for disabled disabled, housing for housing for the disabled physically handicapped, housing for housing for disabled disabled, housing for the physically handicapped, housing for the housing for the disabled student housing student housing housing, college housing, college housing, student housing, student college housing college housing military housing military housing army housing housing, military army housing housing, army housing, army housing, military faculty housing faculty housing housing, faculty housing, faculty housing by location or context housing by location or context rural housing rural housing housing, rural housing, rural circulation circulation space utilization space utilization space utilisation utilization, space utilization, space space utilisation storage storage use use utilization utilization adaptive reuse adaptive reuse reuse, adaptive adaptive use use, adaptive adaptive use use, adaptive conversion of buildings conversion of buildings adaptive re-use reuse, adaptive adaptive re-use mixed use mixed use mixed-use use, mixed use, mixed mixed-use multiuse multiuse multi-use multipurpose multipurpose multi-purpose multi-purpose multi-use barrier-free design barrier-free design handicapped access access, handicapped X factor access, handicapped X factor design, barrier-free design, barrier-free handicapped access access access accessibility accessibility safety and related concepts safety and related concepts safety safety safety provisions safety provisions safety measures safety measures electrical safety electrical safety safety, electrical safety, electrical fire safety fire safety safety, fire safety, fire occupational safety occupational safety safety, occupational industrial safety safety, work industrial safety safety, work safety, industrial work safety safety, industrial safety, occupational work safety safety-related concepts safety-related concepts flame spread ratings flame spread ratings ratings, flame spread ratings, flame spread flame spread rating flame spread rating hazards hazards danger danger security security security measures security measures social science concepts social science concepts psychological concepts psychological concepts cognition cognition emotion emotion emotions emotions feelings feelings anger anger wrath wrath rage rage anxiety anxiety awe awe envy envy jealousy jealousy fear fear dread dread grief grief sorrow sorrow mourning mourning hate hate joy joy love love affection affection melancholy melancholy sadness sadness tristesse tristesse human behavior human behavior behavior, human behavior, human deviant behavior deviant behavior social deviancy deviancy deviancy deviancy, social deviancy, social behavior, deviant social deviancy behavior, deviant voyeurism voyeurism spatial behavior spatial behavior behavior, spatial proxemic behavior proxemic behavior behavior, proxemic behavior, proxemic behavior, spatial perception perception apprehension apprehension space perception space perception space-perception space-perception perception, space perception, space intuition intuition visual perception visual perception perception, visual perception, visual sensation sensation sensations sensations feeling feeling pain pain pleasure pleasure suffering suffering synesthesia synesthesia synaesthesia synaesthesia comfort comfort sensuality sensuality sexuality sexuality homosexuality homosexuality heterosexuality heterosexuality bisexuality bisexuality unconscious unconscious knowledge knowledge reason reason speech speech automatism automatism associationism associationism association of ideas associationist associationist association of ideas illusion illusion behavior and mental disorders behavior and mental disorders mental disorders mental disorders disorders, mental diseases, mental mental illness illness, mental diseases, mental mental pathology illness, mental disorder, mental mental pathology mental diseases disorder, mental mental disorder pathology, mental mental diseases disorders, mental mental disorder mental illness pathology, mental insanity insanity lycanthropy lycanthropy behavior disorders behavior disorders disorders, behavior behavioral disorders disorders, behavior behavioural disorders behavioural disorders behavior disorder behaviour disorders behavior disorder behaviour disorders behavioral disorders substance abuse substance abuse abuse, substance abuse, substance abuse of substances abuse of substances drug abuse drug abuse abuse, drug abuse, drug environmental psychology concepts environmental psychology concepts personal space personal space space, personal space, personal privacy privacy territoriality territoriality human territoriality human territoriality place place home home workplace workplace work-place environment, work environment, work work environment work environment work-place homeland homeland genius loci genius loci eroticism eroticism erotic arousal, sexual excitement, sexual arousal, sexual sexual arousal sexual arousal erotism sexual excitement erotism erotic sexual excitement excitement, sexual memory memory mnemonics mnemonics mnemonic devices memoria technica mnemonic system, mnemonic mnemonic system memoria technica device, mnemonic systems, mnemonic mnemonic system mnemonic device device, mnemonic systems, mnemonic mnemonic systems mnemonic device devices, mnemonic mnemonic systems devices, mnemonic mnemonic devices mnemonic system, mnemonic social and economic geography concepts social and economic geography concepts demographics demographics demographic demographic land use land use usage, land usage, land use, land use, land land usage land usage land settlement land settlement settlement of land settlement of land settlement, land settlement, land rural land use rural land use land use, rural use, rural land use, rural land land use, rural urban land use urban land use land use, urban use, urban land use, urban land land use, urban labor mobility labor mobility mobility of labour mobility, labor labour mobility mobility, labor labour mobility mobility of labor mobility, labour mobility of labor mobility of labour mobility, labour residential mobility residential mobility mobility, residential mobility, residential student mobility student mobility mobility, student mobility, student population population population change population change change, population change, population population decline population decline decline, population decline, population population growth population growth increase, population population increase population increase growth, population growth, population increase, population population density population density density of population density of population density, population density, population settlement patterns settlement patterns patterns, settlement patterns, settlement settlement pattern settlement pattern land settlement patterns land settlement patterns regions regions location location industrial location industrial location plant location location of industries location of industries location, plant location, plant location, industrial plant location location, industrial political concepts political concepts public policy public policy policy, public policy, public church and state church and state citizen participation citizen participation community participation participation, public participation, citizen public participation participation, citizen public participation participation, community participation, community community participation participation, public freedom freedom liberty liberty government government government by location or context government by location or context provincial government provincial government government, provincial government, provincial state government state government government, state government, state federal government federal government government, federal government, federal local government local government government, local government, local municipal government municipal government government, municipal government, municipal government by form government by form democracy democracy democratic democratic dictatorship dictatorship monarchy monarchy monarchic monarchic theocracy theocracy theocratic theocratic government policy government policy policy, government policy, government environmental policy environmental policy policy, environmental environment policy environment policy management, environmental management, environmental environmental management policy, environmental environmental management political ideologies and attitudes political ideologies and attitudes despotism despotism absolutism absolutism tyranny tyranny despotic despotic totalitarianism totalitarianism totalitarian state totalitarian state totalitarian totalitarian anarchism anarchism conservatism conservatism conservative conservative fascism fascism fascist fascist National Socialism National Socialism Nazism Nazism Socialism, National Socialism, National National Socialist National Socialist feudalism feudalism feudal feudal liberalism liberalism liberalism, political political liberalism political liberalism liberalism, political nationalism nationalism nationalist nationalist neo-nationalism neo-nationalism patriotism patriotism patriotic patriotic populism populism socialism socialism socialist socialist apartheid apartheid development, separate development, separate separate development separate development internationalism internationalism internationalist internationalist social democracy social democracy revisionism revisionism monarchism monarchism royalism royalism utopias utopias ideal states ideal states states, ideal states, ideal politics politics political political taxes taxes civil rights civil rights rights, civil civil liberties civil liberties liberties, civil liberties, civil civil right rights, civil civil right resistance movements resistance movements movements, resistance resistance movement resistance movement movements, resistance sovereignty sovereignty sovranty sovranty sovereignity sovereignity citizenship citizenship diplomacy diplomacy diplomatic diplomatic dystopias dystopias contre-utopia dystopia dystopia dystopie dystopie contre-utopia legal concepts legal concepts air rights air rights rights, airspace airspace rights airspace rights rights, air rights, air air space rights rights, airspace air space rights development rights transfer development rights transfer transfer of development rights rights transfer, development rights transfer, development transfer of development rights dedication to public use dedication to public use use, dedication to public use, dedication to public public use, dedication to public use, dedication to easement easement easements servitude servitude easements eminent domain eminent domain domain, eminent domain, eminent expropriation expropriation encumbrances encumbrances encumbrance encumbrance incumbrances incumbrances covenants covenants covenant covenant restrictive covenants restrictive covenants covenants, restrictive covenants, restrictive restrictive covenant restrictive covenant liens liens lien lien legislation legislation liability liability negligence negligence malpractice malpractice partnership partnership public domain public domain domain, national domain, state domain, national national domain national domain domain, public state domain domain, public state domain domain, state right of way right of way way, right of way, right of water rights water rights rights, water rights, water water-rights water-rights riparian rights riparian rights rights, riparian rights, riparian joint tenancy joint tenancy occupancy, joint tenancy, joint tenancy, joint joint occupancy joint occupancy occupancy, joint zoning concepts zoning concepts height restrictions height restrictions restrictions, height height regulations height regulations height restrictions for buildings height restrictions for buildings height limitations restrictions, height height limitations building lines building lines lines, building building line building line lines, building property lines property lines lines, property lines, property frontages frontages setback setback building envelopes building envelopes envelopes, building envelopes, building building envelope building envelope bulk envelopes bulk envelopes viewsheds viewsheds viewshed viewshed floor area ratios floor area ratios ratios, floor-area area ratios, floor ratios, floor-area FARs ratios, floor area FARs floor area ratio ratios, floor area floor-area ratios floor area ratio floor-area ratios area ratios, floor artists' rights artists' rights rights, artists' rights, artists' property and related concepts property and related concepts property property cultural property cultural property heritage property cultural properties property, cultural national treasure cultural properties property, heritage national treasure cultural resources property, heritage patrimony, cultural cultural resources cultural patrimony treasure, national patrimony, cultural heritage property cultural patrimony property, cultural treasure, national estates estates estate estate intellectual property intellectual property property, intellectual property, intellectual copyright copyright personal property personal property personalty personalty property, personal property, personal real estate real estate realty property, real property, real real property real property realty gifts gifts gift gift donations donations contributions contributions donation donation bequests bequests bequest legacies legacies bequest gratuities gratuities gratuity tips tips gratuity dowries dowries doses doses treasure-trove treasure-trove treasure trove treasure trove trove, treasure trove, treasure intangibles intangibles property, intangible personal intangible property intangible assets property, intangible personal personal property, intangible intangible assets intangible personal property, intangible intangible personal property intangible property, intangible intangible personal property assets, intangible property, intangible intangible property assets, intangible bride price bride price bride-price bride-wealth bride-wealth bridewealth bridewealth bride-price property-related concepts property-related concepts boundaries boundaries boundary boundary property rights property rights property, right of right of private property rights to property property, rights to rights to property right of property property, rights to private property, right of right to property right of property property, right to private property, right of right to property rights, property property, right to property, right of right of private property rights, property ownership ownership freehold freehold home ownership home ownership ownership, home ownership, home title title entail entail estate tail estate tail tail, estate tail, estate timesharing timesharing time sharing time-sharing time-sharing time sharing repatriation repatriation repatriement repatriement torts torts wrongs, civil wrongs, civil tort tort civil wrongs civil wrongs public interest public interest interest, public interest, public economic concepts economic concepts amortization amortization amortisation amortisation compensation compensation remuneration remuneration fees fees charges charges fee fee pensions pensions pension pension schemes pension schemes retirement pensions retirement pensions pension wages wages pay pay salaries salaries lays lays lay lay royalties royalties royalty royalty prices prices rent rent rents rents economic rent economic rent rent, economic rent, economic ground rent ground rent rent, ground ground-rent ground-rent rent, ground credit credit depreciation depreciation depreciated depreciated employment employment unemployment unemployment equity equity industry industry tourism tourism trade, tourist trade, tourist tourist trade tourist trade ecotourism ecotourism environmental tourism eco-tourism tourism, sustainable sustainable tourism tourism, green green tourism eco-tourism tourism, green tourism, ecological green tourism ecotravel tourism, native tourism, ecological native tourism ecotravel ecological tourism tourism, native tourism, environmental native tourism environmental tourism ecological tourism tourism, sustainable sustainable tourism tourism, environmental cultural tourism cultural tourism tourism, cultural tourism, cultural tourism, heritage tourism, heritage heritage tourism heritage tourism insurance insurance investments investments joint ventures joint ventures ventures, joint joint undertakings joint undertakings adventures, joint adventures, joint undertakings, joint joint adventures undertakings, joint ventures, joint joint adventures patronage patronage prosperity prosperity tariff tariff value value economic value value, economic value, economic economic value wealth wealth monopolies monopolies monopoly monopoly costs costs cost cost financial aid financial aid subsidies subsidies subsidy subsidy student aid student aid financial aid, student financial aid, student student financial aid student financial aid aid, student aid, student scholarships scholarships scholarship scholarship fellowships fellowships fellowship fellowship federal aid federal aid aid, federal aid, federal grants grants grants-in-aid grants-in-aid subventions subventions tax incentives tax incentives incentives, tax incentives, tax capital capital capital goods capital goods goods, capital goods, capital economic ideologies economic ideologies capitalism capitalism capitalist capitalist communism communism communist communist general average general average average, general average, general labor labor labour labour sociological concepts sociological concepts critical theory critical theory sociology, Frankfurt school of sociology, Frankfurt school of theory, critical theory, critical Frankfurt school of sociology Frankfurt school of sociology defensible space defensible space space, defensible space, defensible social issues social issues issues, social problems, social problems, social social problems issues, social social problems crime crime theft theft thefts thefts stealing stealing plagiarism plagiarism vandalism vandalism destruction of property property, destruction of property, destruction of destruction of property fraud fraud fraudulence fraudulence forgery forgery burglary burglary burglarizing burglarizing burglarized burglarized discrimination discrimination social discrimination discriminatory discriminatory bigotry bigotry social discrimination antisemitism antisemitism anti semitism anti semitism anti-semitism anti-semitism antisemitic antisemitic age discrimination age discrimination discrimination, age ageist ageist ageism ageism discrimination, age housing discrimination housing discrimination discrimination in housing discrimination in housing discrimination, housing discrimination, housing racial discrimination racial discrimination racism discrimination, race racism discrimination, racial discrimination, racial race discrimination race discrimination discrimination, race sex discrimination sex discrimination sexism sexism sexual discrimination discrimination, sex sexual discrimination discrimination, sex homelessness homelessness poverty poverty destitution indigence indigence destitution quality of life quality of life life, quality of life, quality of slavery slavery servitude slave keeping slave keeping servitude social conflict social conflict conflict, social conflict, social terrorism terrorism violence, political violence, political political violence political violence overcrowding overcrowding crowding stress crowding stress stress, crowding crowding stress, crowding crowding urban sprawl urban sprawl sprawl, urban sprawl, urban social stratification social stratification stratification, social class differences class differences differences, class differences, class stratification, social censorship censorship obscenity obscenity public health public health health, public health, public day care day care care, day care, day urban blight urban blight blight urban decay urban decay blight violence violence gender issues gender issues issues, gender gender issue gender issue issues, gender social mobility social mobility mobility, social mobility, social social structure social structure structure, social structure, social sex role sex role identity, sex gender role sex identity role, gender gender role sex role identity role, gender identity, gender sex role identity role, sex identity, gender gender identity sex roles role, sex identity, sex gender identity sex identity sex roles marriage marriage spousehood wedlock wedlock matrimony matrimony spousehood kinship kinship consanguinity consanguinity parenté parenté communal living communal living living, communal living, communal communalism communalism Marxism Marxism dialectical materialism dialectical materialism materialism, dialectical materialism, dialectical Social Darwinism Social Darwinism Darwinism, Social Darwinism, Social social status social status status, socioeconomic socioeconomic status class status status, socioeconomic status, class class status status, class social position status, social social position status, social socioeconomic status rank rank social recognition social recognition awards awards award award prizes prizes prize prize cultural diffusion cultural diffusion transmission, cultural cultural transmission diffusion, cultural transmission, cultural cultural transmission diffusion, culture diffusion, culture culture diffusion dissemination of culture culture diffusion dissemination of culture diffusion, cultural social movements social movements social movement movements, social movements, social social movement ways of life ways of life nomadism nomadism nomadic nomadic accountability accountability occupations occupations occupation vocations trades vocation trades vocation trade trade occupation vocations communications concepts communications concepts corporate image corporate image image, company corporate identity image, corporate corporate identity image, corporate identity, corporate identity, corporate company image image, company company image anthropological concepts anthropological concepts bricolage bricolage language-related concepts language-related concepts acrophony acrophony acrophonic acrophonic learning and scholarship concepts learning and scholarship concepts academia academia academic academic academe academe Physical Attributes Facet Physical Attributes Facet Design Elements Design Elements design elements design elements motifs motifs devices decorative motifs motifs, ornamental motives decorative motifs motives ornamental motifs motifs, decorative ornamental motifs motif motifs, decorative devices motif motifs, ornamental knots knots knot knot linenfold linenfold linen pattern scroll, linen linen scroll linen scroll linen-fold linen-scroll linen-fold linen-scroll linen pattern scroll, linen geometric motifs geometric motifs chevrons chevrons dancettes dancettes chevron chevron cinquefoils cinquefoils cinquefoil quintfoils quintfoils cinquefoil quatrefoils quatrefoils quatrefoil quatrefoil trefoils trefoils trefoil trefoil lozenges lozenges diamonds lozenge lozenge diamonds dots dots dot dot interlocking circles interlocking circles interlacing circles interlacing circles circles, interlocking circles, interlocking interlacing circle pattern interlacing circle pattern triquetras triquetras triquetra triquetracs triquetracs triquetra multifoils multifoils multifoil multifoil mandalas mandalas mandala mandala trumpet spirals trumpet spirals pattern, trumpet Celtic trumpets trumpet pattern trumpet motifs blind trumpets pattern, trumpet divergent spirals blind trumpets trumpets, blind trumpet motifs spirals, divergent divergent spirals Celtic trumpet motifs trumpets, blind spirals, divergent trumpet motifs, Celtic motifs, trumpet Celtic trumpet motifs trumpet spiral motifs spirals, trumpet trumpet motifs, Celtic motifs, trumpet Celtic trumpets trumpet spiral motifs trumpet pattern spirals, trumpet heraldic motifs heraldic motifs charges heraldic devices heraldic devices heraldic motif motifs, heraldic heraldic motif motifs, heraldic charges crests crests crest crest hearts hearts heart heart flaming hearts flaming hearts hearts, flaming hearts, flaming flaming heart flaming heart pierced hearts pierced hearts pierced heart hearts, pierced hearts, pierced pierced heart natural element motifs natural element motifs stars stars star star Stars of David Stars of David Magen David David's shield Shield of David Magen Davids David's shield shields, David's Magen Davids David's shields shields, David's Mogen Davids David's shields Star of David Shields of David Mogen Davids Magen David Star of David Shield of David Shields of David flames flames flame flame sunbursts sunbursts sun-in-splendour sunburst sun-in-splendor sunburst sun-in-splendor sun-in-glory sun-in-glory sun-in-splendour snowflakes snowflakes snow crystals snowflake snow-crystals snowflake snow-crystals crystals, snow crystals, snow snow crystals crescents crescents crescent crescent crescent moons crescent moons moons, crescent moons, crescent rising suns rising suns motifs, sunrise sunrise motifs sunrise motifs rising sun suns, rising rising sun suns, rising motifs, sunrise zodiac symbols zodiac symbols signs, zodiac symbols, zodiac symbols, zodiac zodiac symbol zodiac signs zodiac symbol zodiac signs signs, zodiac Aquarius symbols Aquarius symbols Aquarius symbol Aquarius symbol Aries symbols Aries symbols Aries symbol Aries symbol Cancer symbols Cancer symbols Cancer symbol Cancer symbol Capricorn symbols Capricorn symbols Capricorn symbol Capricorn symbol Gemini symbols Gemini symbols Gemini symbol Gemini symbol Leo symbols Leo symbols Leo symbol Leo symbol Libra symbols Libra symbols Libra symbol Libra symbol Pisces symbols Pisces symbols Pisces symbol Pisces symbol Sagittarius symbols Sagittarius symbols Sagittarius symbol Sagittarius symbol Scorpio symbols Scorpio symbols Scorpio symbol Scorpio symbol Taurus symbols Taurus symbols Taurus symbol Taurus symbol Virgo symbols Virgo symbols Virgo symbol Virgo symbol crosses crosses cross cross ankhs ankhs crosses, Egyptian ansate crosses Egyptian crosses life, keys of cruces ansatae ansate crosses life, keys of key of life cruces ansatae crosses, ansate key of life crux ansata crosses, ansate ankh keys of life crux ansata crosses, Egyptian ankh Egyptian crosses keys of life Celtic crosses Celtic crosses crosses, Iona Celtic cross ring crosses crosses, wheel Irish crosses crosses, Iona crosses, Celtic ring crosses crosses, wheel-head Irish crosses crosses of Iona crosses, Celtic crosses, ring crosses, wheel-head crosses of Iona wheel crosses crosses, ring Iona crosses wheel-head crosses crosses, Irish wheel crosses Iona crosses Celtic cross wheel-head crosses crosses, wheel crosses, Irish crosses of Lorraine crosses of Lorraine cross of Lorraine Lorraine crosses cross of Lorraine crosses, Lorraine crosses, Lorraine Lorraine crosses Greek crosses Greek crosses crosses, Greek crosses, Greek Greek cross Greek cross Latin crosses Latin crosses long crosses cruces immissae crosses, Latin cruces immissae crosses, long crux immissa crosses, long crux immissa cruces capitatae cruces capitatae long crosses crosses, Latin Calvary crosses Calvary crosses passion crosses crosses, Calvary crosses, Calvary crosses, passion crosses, passion Calvary cross passion crosses Calvary cross papal crosses papal crosses pope's crosses crosses, papal pope's crosses crosses, pope's popes' crosses crosses, pope's papal cross popes' crosses crosses, popes' papal cross crosses, popes' crosses, papal Saint Andrew's crosses Saint Andrew's crosses cruces decussatae St. Andrew's crosses cruces decussatae Saint Andrew's cross St. Andrew's crosses crux decussata Saint Andrew's cross crux decussata crosses, Saint Andrew's saltires crosses, Saint Andrew's saltires tau crosses tau crosses Saint Anthony's crosses tau cross cruces commissae St. Anthony's crosses cruces commissae crosses, St. Anthony's St. Anthony's crosses crux commissa crosses, St. Anthony's crux commissa crosses, tau Saint Anthony's crosses crosses, tau tau cross Maltese crosses Maltese crosses Maltese cross crosses, Maltese crosses, Maltese crosses of eight points crosses of eight points Maltese cross patriarchal crosses patriarchal crosses crosses, patriarchal patriarchal cross patriarchal cross crosses, patriarchal wheel crosses wheel crosses crosses, wheel crosses, wheel wheel cross wheel cross tetraskelions tetraskelions tetraskelia tetraskelion tetraskelion tetraskeles tetraskeles tetraskelia swastikas swastikas fylfots double sun snakes Thor's hammers double sun snakes Thor's hammers sun snakes, double sun snakes, double swastika fylfots swastika triskelions triskelions triskelis triskele swastikas, three-armed triskelis triskeles swastikas, three-armed three-armed swastikas triskeles triskelia three-armed swastikas triskelion triskelia triskele triskelion scrolls scrolls spiral scrolls scrolls, spiral scrolls, spiral scrowls scrowls scroll spiral scrolls scroll C-scrolls C-scrolls C scrolls C scrolls C-scroll C-scroll leaf scrolls leaf scrolls leaf scroll scrolls, foliate scrolls, leaf scrolls, leaf foliate scrolls foliate scrolls leaf scroll scrolls, foliate S-scrolls S-scrolls S scrolls S scrolls S-scroll S-scroll coquillage coquillage labyrinths labyrinths labyrinth labyrinth mazes mazes grotesques grotesques grotesque grotesque grotteschi grotteschi cabochons cabochons cabochon cabochon paterae paterae patera patera pateras pateras figure- and animal-derived motifs figure- and animal-derived motifs bucrania bucrania bucranes bucranes bucrâne bucrâne bucranium bucranium mascarons mascarons mascaroons mascaron masks mascaron masks grotesque masks masks, grotesque grotesque masks mascaroons masks, grotesque espagnolettes espagnolettes espagnolette espagnolette foliate masks foliate masks foliate heads masks, foliate Green Men Green Men foliate mask heads, foliate foliate mask heads, foliate foliate heads masks, foliate putti putti cherubs putto putto cherubs indexes indexes signs, note digits note signs index fingers hands digits note signs index marks hands fingers, index pointing hands index marks fingers, index hands, pointing pointing hands index marks, index fists hands, pointing signs, note index marks, index index fingers fists eyes eyes oculi oculus oculus eye eye oculi eye of Horus eye of Horus Horus, eye of mystical eye mystical eye eye of Ra eye of Ra eyes of Horus Horus, eye of eyes of Horus eye of Providence eye of Providence eyes of Providence eyes of Providence khamsa khamsa hand of Miriam hamesh Miriam, hand of khomsa khamsas main de Fatima hand of Fatimah hamesh xomsa Miriam, hand of khamsas mani de Fatima hand of Fatimah hand of Fatima xomsa hamsa mani de Fatima Hand der Fatima hand of Fatima chamesh hamsa Fatima, hand of Hand der Fatima chamesh hand of Miriam Fatima, hand of khomsa main de Fatima makara makara aegricanes aegricanes goats' heads goats' heads aegricrane ram's heads aegricrane ram's heads goat's heads rams' heads goat's heads rams' heads plant-derived motifs plant-derived motifs crockets crockets crocket crocket fleurons fleurons florets printers' flowers flowers Röslein flowers fleuron Röslein printer's flowers fleuron vignettes de fonts printer's flowers florets printers' flowers vignettes de fonts fleur-de-lis fleur-de-lis fleurs-de-lys fleurs-de-lis fleurs-de-lis fleurs-de-lys rosettes rosettes rosette rosette Tudor flowers Tudor flowers Tudor ornament Tudor ornament Tudor flower Tudor flower flowers, Tudor flowers, Tudor anthemion anthemion anthemions anthemia anthemia antemion antemion anthemions palmettes palmettes palmette palmette acanthus acanthus bear's breech bear's foot breech, bear's bear's foot foot, bear's acanthus leaf foot, bear's brank-ursine acanthus leaf leaf, acanthus brank-ursine bear's breech leaf, acanthus breech, bear's ballflowers ballflowers ball-flowers ball-flower ball-flower ballflower ball flowers ballflower ball flowers ball-flowers Tudor roses Tudor roses roses, Tudor Tudor rose Tudor rose roses, Tudor water leaf water leaf leaf, lily water-leaf leaf, lily leaf, water hart's-tongue leaf, water waterleaf hart's-tongue lily leaf waterleaf lily leaf water-leaf husks husks bellflower motifs garlands, husk motifs, bell flower cullots bellflower motifs husk motifs, bell flower husk garlands cullots bellflowers husk garlands husk culots bellflowers bell flower motifs husk motifs culots bell flowers bell flower motifs husk motifs garlands, husk bell flowers lotus lotus festoons festoons garlands festoon festoon garland garland garlands encarpa encarpa encarpus encarpus boteh boteh Zwiebelmuster Zwiebelmuster onion patterns onion patterns patterns, onion patterns, onion oak leaf oak leaf leaf, oak oak-leaf foliage oakleaf leaf, oak cluster, oak leaf oak leaved oakleaf leaved, oak cluster, oak leaf oak leaved oak leaf cluster leaved, oak foliage, oak oak-leaves oak leaf cluster oak foliage foliage, oak oak-leaves oak-leaf foliage oak foliage Paisley Paisley paisley paisley pineapples pineapples pineapple pineapple crabstock crabstock honeysuckle honeysuckle honeysuckle motif honeysuckle motif padma padma drolleries drolleries drollery drollery drôleries drôleries whiplash curves whiplash curves whiplash curve whiplash curve curves, whiplash curves, whiplash clasps clasps clasp clasp shields shields shield shield air traps air traps air-traps air-locks air bubbles air twists air bubbles air twists air locks air twist decoration air locks air-traps air twist decoration air-locks chintamani chintamani chintamani design badge of Tamberlaine Timur's badge pattern, chintamani chintamani design badge of Timur pattern, chintamani chintamani pattern badge of Timur badge of Tamarlane Tamberlaine, badge of chintamani pattern badge, Timur's badge of Tamarlane Tamberlaine, badge of design, chintamani badge, Timur's badge of Tamberlaine Timur's badge design, chintamani güls güls feet, elephant's elephant's feet göls feet, elephants' elephant's feet guls feet, elephants' elephants' feet guls gols elephants' feet gül gols feet, elephant's gül göls Memling güls Memling güls Memling-güls güls, Memling motifs, Memling memling motifs güls, Memling memling motifs Memling guls Memling motifs Memling guls Memling gül Memling motifs Memling-güls Memling gül motifs, Memling quodlibet quodlibet quodlibetz quodlibetz fillets fillets fillet fillet trifid trifid trefid split-end trefoil split-end trefoil treffid treffid pied-de-biche trefid pied-de-biche glories glories glory aureole aureole aureoles aureoles glory motifs: books motifs: books drawer handles drawer handles handle, drawer drawer-handle handles, drawer drawer-handle handles, drawer drawer-handles drawer-handles drawer handle handle, drawer drawer handle Oxford corners Oxford corners Oxford corner corner, Oxford corner, Oxford corners, Oxford Oxford corner corners, Oxford shou shou motif, shou shou motif shou motif motif, shou singerie singerie sinergies sinergies Affenkapelle Affenkapelle monkey orchestra monkey orchestra candelabrum candelabrum candeliere candelara form candellieri candelara form candellieri form, candelabra form, candelabra candelabra candeliere candelabra patterns patterns pattern pattern patterns by general type patterns by general type allover patterns allover patterns all-over decoration all-over patterns patterns, allover over-all patterns all-over patterns patterns, over-all over-all patterns all-over pattern patterns, over-all overall patterns all-over pattern allover pattern patterns, overall overall patterns all-over decoration allover pattern patterns, allover patterns, overall diaper patterns diaper patterns diaper work diaper-work diaperwork diaper-work diaperwork diaper patterns, diaper diaper diaper pattern patterns, diaper diaper work diaper pattern powderwork powderwork powdered patterns patterns, powdered powdering patterns, powdered powder-work powdering powdered ornament powder-work powdered ornament ornament, powdered powdered patterns ornament, powdered counterchange counterchange counterchange patterns counterchanges counterchanges counterchanged patterns, counterchange counterchanged patterns, counterchange counterchange patterns running ornament running ornament progressive ornament patterns, band ornament, progressive decoration, running running decoration patterns, band ornament, running decoration, running band patterns running decoration patterns, running ornament, running band patterns running patterns linear pattern, continuous patterns, running pattern, continuous linear continuous linear pattern running patterns linear pattern, continuous progressive ornament pattern, continuous linear ornament, progressive continuous linear pattern undulate bands undulate bands bands, undulate bands, undulate undulate band undulate band vertebrate bands vertebrate bands vertebrate band vertebrate band rolls rolls pattern, roll roll pattern roll pattern roll roll pattern, roll patterns by specific type patterns by specific type wave pattern wave pattern waves waves wavy lines wavy lines pattern, wave pattern, wave floral patterns floral patterns ornament, floriated flower patterns floral ornament floriated ornament ornament, floriated floral pattern flower-patterns floriated ornament floreation patterns, floral floral pattern flower-patterns floriation floreation floriated patterns, floral ornament, floral floriation floriate floriated patterns, flower ornament, floral flower patterns floral ornament patterns, flower floriate millefleurs millefleurs mille-fleurs mille-fleurs mille fleurs mille fleurs millefleur millefleur cloud bands cloud bands cloud-pattern bands, cloud cloud-pattern cloudbands pattern, cloud cloudbands cloud band pattern, cloud cloud pattern cloud band cloud pattern bands, cloud strapwork strapwork ornament, strap strap ornament ornament, strap rollwork rollwork strap ornament scrollwork scrollwork patterns, scroll patterns, scroll scroll patterns scroll patterns scroll-work scroll-work cloud scrolls cloud scrolls cloud-scrolls cloud-scrolls scrolls, cloud scrolls, cloud cloud scroll cloud scroll inhabited scrolls inhabited scrolls scrolls, inhabited inhabited scroll scrolls, peopled inhabited scroll scrolls, peopled peopled scrolls peopled scrolls scrolls, inhabited wave scrolls wave scrolls evolute spirals scrolls, wave running dog wave scroll evolute spirals evolute scrolls wave scroll running dog spirals, evolute evolute scrolls wavescrolls spirals, evolute scrolls, evolute wavescrolls Vitruvian scroll pattern scrolls, evolute scrolls, wave Vitruvian scroll pattern Vitruvian scrolls Vitruvian scrolls Vitruvian scroll pattern scrolls, Vitruvian scrolls, Vitruvian Vitruvian waves Vitruvian waves Vitruvian scroll Vitruvian scroll pattern Vitruvian scroll scrolling foliage scrolling foliage foliage, scrolling foliage scrolls foliage scrolls foliage, scrolling vine scrolls vine scrolls vinescrolls scrolls, vine scrolls, vine vignettes vignettes vine scroll vinescrolls vine scroll rinceaux rinceaux rinceau pattern rinceaus rinceaus rinceau rinceau rinceau pattern arabesques arabesques arabesque arabesque moresques moresques mauresques mauresques moresque moresque hatayi hatayi khatā'ī hatāyī hatāyī ẖaṭāyī ẖaṭāyī khatā'ī rumi rumi rūmī rūmī moiré moiré moiré pattern moiré pattern guilloche guilloche water pattern water-pattern water-pattern water pattern interlace interlace pattern, labyrinth interlacement pattern, labyrinth interlacing interlacing labyrinth pattern labyrinth pattern interlacement lacertine ornament lacertine ornament lacertines lacertines ornament, lacertine ornament, lacertine lacertine lacertine knotwork knotwork linked knot pattern knot-work linked knot-pattern knot-work linked knot-pattern knot work knot work linked knot pattern edging and surfacing patterns edging and surfacing patterns imbrication imbrication imbricated imbricated scale pattern scale pattern ornament, scale fish scale pattern pattern, scale scale ornament pattern, fish scale fish scale pattern scale ornament petal diaper pattern, fish scale fish-scale pattern scaling petal diaper pattern, petal diaper fish-scale pattern diaper pattern, petal scaling petal diaper pattern pattern, petal diaper ornament, scale diaper pattern, petal pattern, scale petal diaper pattern vermiculation vermiculation vermiculated vermiculated gadrooning gadrooning nulled decoration lobed decoration decoration, lobed godroons nulled decoration gadrooned lobing godroons decoration, nulled nulling gadrooned lobing knulled decoration decoration, nulled decoration, knulled nulling moldings, thumb knulled decoration gadroons decoration, knulled thumb moldings moldings, thumb lobed decoration decoration, lobed thumb moldings gadroons fluting fluting flutes fluted fluted flutes strigillation strigillation strigil ornament ornament, strigil strigil pattern ornament, strigil strigil pattern pattern, strigil pattern, strigil strigillated strigil ornament strigillated cabled fluting cabled fluting cabling ribbed fluting ribbed fluting fluting, cabled fluting, cabled fluting, ribbed cabling fluting, ribbed reeding reeding ribbing ribbing reeded reeded beading beading beaded pearling pearling beaded rustication rustication rusticated rustic work rustic work rusticated scalloping scalloping scallop work scalloped scalloped scallops scallops scallop work arrises arrises aris aris arris arris arcading arcading arcaded arcaded dentelle dentelle pointillé pointillé foliation foliation foliate patterns, foliate foliate foliated patterns, foliate foliate decoration foliated foliate decoration decoration, foliate foliate patterns decoration, foliate foliate patterns geometric patterns geometric patterns geometric designs geometric pattern geometrical ornament patterns, geometric geometric ornament geometrical ornament designs, geometric geometric ornament geometrical patterns designs, geometric ornament, geometric geometrical patterns geometrical designs ornament, geometric geometric designs geometrical designs geometric pattern patterns, geometric checker pattern checker pattern checker chequerwork chequer-work chequered pattern checkers pattern, checkered checks chequerwork checkered pattern chequer-work chequering checks checkerwork pattern, checkered pattern, check checkered pattern checked chequering chequer checkerwork checkering pattern, check pattern, chequer checked chequer pattern checkered chequer check pattern checkering pattern, checker pattern, chequer checker chequer pattern checkered chequered pattern checkers pattern, checker check pattern diced pattern diced pattern diced diced houndstooth houndstooth hound's-tooth check houndstooth check houndstooth check hound's-tooth check herringbone herringbone herring-bone herring-bone frets frets fret bands fret labyrinth pattern fret labyrinth pattern bands, fret pattern, labyrinth bands, fret pattern, labyrinth fret bands Chinese frets Chinese frets frets, Chinese frets, Chinese Chinese fret Chinese fret key pattern key pattern frets, Greek Greek key pattern pattern, key Greek frets pattern, key Greek keys Greek frets Greek keys Greek key design keys, Greek Greek key design frets, Greek Greek key pattern keys, Greek money pattern money pattern strung-coins money moldings moldings, coin strung-coins money-mouldings moldings, coin coin moldings money-mouldings moldings, money coin moldings pattern, money moldings, money coin mouldings pattern, money money moldings coin mouldings step pattern step pattern ornament, step step ornament pattern, step step-pattern pattern, step step-pattern pattern, stepped stepped pattern pattern, stepped ornament, step stepped pattern step ornament stripes stripes striped pattern pattern, striped pattern, striped striped pattern pinstripes pinstripes pinstripe pinstripe reticulation reticulation network pattern reticulated pattern network pattern reticulated pattern pattern, network reticular pattern pattern, network network reticular pattern pattern, reticular network pattern, reticular zigzags zigzags pattern, zigzag chevroned band pattern zigzag pattern chevroned band pattern zigzag zigzag pattern chevroned bands zigzag chevroned bands bands, chevroned pattern, zigzag bands, chevroned Bargello work Bargello work Points de Hongrie flame stitch Hungarian work flame stitch Hungarian work points d'hongrie points d'hongrie Hungarian stitch Points de Hongrie Hungarian stitch fretwork fretwork Chinese fretwork Chinese fretwork Chinese railing Chinese latticework paling, Chinese fretwork, Chinese Chinese latticework railing, Chinese fretwork, Chinese Chinese paling railing, Chinese lattice, Chinese Chinese paling Chinese lattice lattice, Chinese Chinese railing Chinese lattice paling, Chinese tilings tilings tessellation tessellation tiling tiling tessellations tessellations meanders meanders maeanders frets, labyrinth meander pattern frets, labyrinth meander pattern labyrinth frets Greek key labyrinth frets meander Greek key maeanders meander stepped frets stepped frets hooks, steps and devices, step-and-hook steps and hooks step-and-hook devices, step-and-hook xicalcoliuhqui step-and-hook frets, stepped xicalcoliuhqui step-and-hook devices frets, stepped stepped fret step-and-hook devices hooks, steps and stepped fret steps and hooks filigree filigree filagree filagree willow pattern willow pattern pattern, willow pattern, willow lace pattern lace pattern pattern, lace pattern, lace grain patterns grain patterns grained pattern patterns, grain surface pattern, grain pattern, grain surface grain surface patterns grains patterns, grain surface patterns, grain pattern, grain surface pattern, grain grains grain surface patterns, grain patterns, grain surface pattern, grain grain surface pattern grain grain pattern patterns, grain surface pattern, grained grain surface pattern grained pattern grain pattern surface pattern, grain pattern, grained grain surface patterns pig grain pig grain grain, pigskin grain, pigskin pigskin grain pigskin grain grain, pig grain, pig book cloth grain patterns book cloth grain patterns ripple grain ripple grain ripple ripple rippled rippled grain, ripple grain, ripple sand grain sand grain grain, sand grain, sand sand-grain sand-grain dot and line dot and line line, dot and dot & line dot & line dot-and-line grain, dot-and-line dot-and-line grain, dot-and-line dot-and-line grain line, dot and dot-and-line grain honeycomb grain honeycomb grain bead grain bead grain bead-grain bead-grain diaper grain diaper grain diaper-grain diaper-grain rib grain rib grain bubble grain bubble grain morocco grain morocco grain morocco pattern morocco pattern, morocco morocco grain, morocco pattern, morocco morocco, imperial grain, morocco morocco, imperial imperial morocco morocco pattern imperial morocco frond grain frond grain ribbed morocco grain ribbed morocco grain ribbed-morocco grain ribbed-morocco grain wave grain wave grain dotted-line dotted-line diagonal beaded-line diagonal beaded-line crackle grain crackle grain pebble grain pebble grain grain, pebble pebble pebble finish, pebble pebble finish finish, pebble grain, pebble pebble finish levant grain levant grain grain, levant grain, levant straight grain straight grain grain, straight grain, straight straight-grained straight-grained cross grain cross grain grain, cross grain, cross patterns by specific type: bindings patterns by specific type: bindings twisted pineapple twisted pineapple pineapple, twisted pineapple, twisted pineaples, twisted pineaples, twisted run-up run-up rarrk rarrk dhulang dhulang miny'tji miny'tji ornament areas ornament areas borders borders border border compartments compartments compartment compartment frames frames frame frame alentours alentours alentour alentour passe-partouts passe-partouts passe-partout passepartouts passepartouts passepartout passe-partout passepartout cartouches cartouches cartoccios cartouch cartouch cartouche cartouche cartoccios panels panels panel panel medallions medallions medallion patterns medallion patterns medallion medallion friezes friezes frieze frieze zoophori zoophori zoophoros zoophoros zoophorus zoophorus exergues exergues exergue exergue fields fields field field applied decoration applied decoration ornament, applied applied ornament ornament, applied applied relief relief, applied applied relief relief, applied decoration, applied decoration, applied applied ornament banding banding cross banding cross banding cross-banding cross-banding banding, cross banding, cross feather banding feather banding banding, feather herringbone banding banding, herringbone herring-bone banding banding, herringbone herring-bone banding feather-banding feather-banding banding, feather herringbone banding straight banding straight banding banding, straight banding, straight straight-banding straight-banding pastiglia pastiglia paste work paste work rigaree rigaree threading threading threaded threaded cut-card work cut-card work cardwork cut card work cut card work cut-card ornament cut-card ornament cut-card-work cardwork cut-card-work onlays onlays onlay onlay inlays inlays inlay inlay openwork openwork open-work open-work design elements by function design elements by function plimsoll lines plimsoll lines lines, load line, load load lines plimsoll mark lines, plimsoll line, load plimsoll mark mark, plimsoll lines, plimsoll line, plimsoll plimsoll marks mark, plimsoll load line line, plimsoll plimsoll line plimsoll marks marks, plimsoll load line lines, load plimsoll line load lines marks, plimsoll Attributes and Properties Attributes and Properties attributes and properties attributes and properties attributes and properties by general type attributes and properties by general type properties properties property property attributes attributes attribute attribute attributes and properties by specific type attributes and properties by specific type positional attributes positional attributes orientation orientation aspect aspect solar orientation solar orientation orientation, solar orientation, solar compass points compass points cardinal points cardinal directions cardinal directions cardinal points east east north north northeast northeast northwest northwest south south southeast southeast southwest southwest west west positional attributes by orientation positional attributes by orientation diagonal diagonal oblique oblique longitudinal longitudinal perpendicular perpendicular radial radial frontal frontal full-face head-on head-on en face en face full-face transverse transverse crossing crossing crosswise crosswise positional attributes by portion of a whole positional attributes by portion of a whole corner corner rear rear back back side side flank flank end end front front main main bottom bottom top top inboard inboard positional attributes by relative position positional attributes by relative position attached attached centered centered centred centred central central concentric concentric exterior exterior outside external external outside interior interior internal internal inside inside lateral lateral lower lower parallel parallel projecting projecting protruding protruding suspended suspended upper upper engaged engaged freestanding freestanding free-standing free-standing left left gauche gauche right right droit droit intersecting intersecting detached detached separate separate elevated elevated surface-mounted surface-mounted tilted tilted tilt inclination inclination inclined inclined tilt positional attributes by context positional attributes by context in situ in situ buried buried positional attributes by context: leather positional attributes by context: leather grain side grain side leather grain grain leather side, grain grain leather side, grain grain-side grain-side grain leather grain grain flesh side flesh side flesh flesh-side flesh-side side, flesh flesh side, flesh mass mass chemical properties chemical properties properties, chemical chemical property chemical property properties, chemical acidity acidity acidic acidic acid resistance acid resistance acid-resistance resistance, acid resistance, acid acid-resistant acid-resistant acid-resistance alkalinity alkalinity alkaline alkaline detergency detergency detergent detergent salinity salinity saline saline neutrality neutrality neutral neutral acid-free acid-free concentration concentration concentrations concentrations radioactivity radioactivity radioactive radioactive magnetic properties magnetic properties properties, magnetic magnetic properties of materials magnetic properties of materials properties, magnetic mechanical properties mechanical properties mechanical properties of materials mechanical properties of materials properties, mechanical properties, mechanical mechanical property mechanical property brittleness brittleness brittle brittle compressibility compressibility compressible compressible ductility ductility ductile ductile elasticity elasticity elastic elastic viscoelasticity viscoelasticity viscoelastic flow viscoelastic flow viscoelastic viscoelastic malleability malleability malleable malleable rigidity rigidity rigid rigid stiffness stiffness creep creep creep of materials creep of materials mechanical strength mechanical strength strength, mechanical strength, mechanical bursting strength bursting strength strength, bursting strength, bursting fatigue strength fatigue strength strength, fatigue fatigue of materials fatigue of materials strength, fatigue impact strength impact strength strength, impact strength, impact tensile strength tensile strength strength, tensile strength, tensile ultimate strength ultimate strength strength, ultimate strength, ultimate shear strength shear strength strength, shear strength, shear breaking strength breaking strength strength, breaking strength, breaking yield strength yield strength yield stress stress, yield elastic limit stress, yield point, yield elastic limit point, yield yield point limit, elastic strength, yield yield point limit, elastic yield stress strength, yield fragility fragility fragile fragile fragileness fragileness friability friability friable friable friableness friableness tearing resistance tearing resistance resistance, tearing tear resistance tear resistance resistance, tear resistance, tear resistance, tearing optical properties optical properties optical properties of materials optical properties of materials properties, optical properties, optical brightness brightness brightness characteristic brightness characteristic lightness lightness bright bright luster luster lustrous lustrous lustre lustre iridescence iridescence iridescent iridescent opalescence opalescence opalescent opalescent pearlescence pearlescence pearlescent pearlescent opacity opacity opaque opaque covering power covering power power, covering power, covering translucency translucency translucent translucent transparency transparency transparence transparence transparent transparent matte matte flat flat mat matt mat matt gloss gloss glossy glossy shine shine shiny shiny birefringence birefringence birefraction double refraction ordinary ray double refraction pockels effect pockels effect extraordinary ray refraction, double extraordinary ray birefraction refraction, double ordinary ray chromaticity chromaticity dichroism dichroism dichroic dichroic phosphorescent phosphorescent phosphorescence phosphorescence glow-in-the-dark glow-in-the-dark illuminance illuminance illumination illumination lux lux lumens lumens lumen lumen acutance acutance allochromatic allochromatic allochromy allochromy density density dense dense weight weight heavyweight heavyweight heavy heavy heavy weight heavy weight heavy-weight heavy-weight lightweight lightweight light weight light-weight light-weight light light light weight molecular weight molecular weight weight, molecular weight, molecular molecular weights molecular weights texture texture textures textures roughness roughness rough rough smoothness smoothness smooth smooth granularity granularity granular granular granulated granulated surface texture surface texture texture, surface texture, surface adzed surface adzed surface adaptability adaptability acoustical properties acoustical properties properties, acoustical properties, acoustical acoustic properties acoustic properties topography topography flexibility flexibility flexible pliable flexible pliability pliability pliable structure structure microstructure microstructure micro-structure micro-structure ultrastructure ultrastructure fine structure fine structure molecular structure molecular structure structure, molecular structure, molecular grain grain anisotropy anisotropy anisotropism nonisotropy nonisotropy anisotropic onisotropy anisotropic anisotropism onisotropy isotropy isotropy isotropic isotropic organic organic inorganic inorganic polarity polarity reactivity reactivity reactive reactive reversibility reversibility reversible reversible reversibleness reversibleness stability stability stable stable stableness stableness thermal stability thermal stability stability, thermal stability, thermal thermostability thermostability thermostable thermostable artificial artificial operational attributes operational attributes folding folding computer-assisted computer-assisted computer assisted computer aided computer aided computer-aided computer-aided computer assisted computer-generated computer-generated machine-readable machine-readable operational attributes: firearms operational attributes: firearms recoilless recoilless recoiless recoiless breechloading breechloading breech-loading breech-loading break-open break-open muzzleloading muzzleloading muzzle-loading muzzle-loading double action double action action, double double-action double-action action, double single action single action single-action single-action action, single action, single self-loading self-loading automatic automatic semiautomatic semiautomatic semi-automatic semi-automatic semi-automatic rifles semi-automatic rifles blow-forward action blow-forward action blow-forward system action, blow-forward system, blow-forward action, blow-forward system, blow-forward blow forward action blow forward action blow-forward system blowback action blowback action blowback system action, blowback operation, blowback action, blowback operation, blowback blowback operation system, blowback blowback operation system, blowback blowback system gas-operated gas-operated recoil-operated recoil-operated single-shot single-shot repeating repeating interactive interactive retractable retractable withdrawable withdrawable adjustable adjustable rotating rotating revolving revolving sliding sliding moving moving inflatable inflatable fabrication attributes fabrication attributes handmade handmade hand-made hand-made architect-designed architect-designed synthetic synthetic man-made man-made man made man made custom-made custom-made bespoke bespoke ready-to-wear ready-to-wear tailor-made tailor-made homemade homemade home-made home-made wrought wrought fabrication attributes: watercraft fabrication attributes: watercraft carvel-built carvel-built construction, carvel construction, carvel carvel construction carvel construction clinker-built clinker-built clinch-built clincher-built clincher-built lapstrake lapstrake clinch-built hand-painted hand-painted hand painted hand painted handpainted handpainted portable portable machine-made machine-made machine made machine made made-to-order made-to-order made to order made to order order, made to order, made to unbound unbound fabrication attributes: ceramics fabrication attributes: ceramics grit-tempered grit-tempered shell-tempered shell-tempered skin-covered skin-covered musical range attributes musical range attributes alto alto soprano soprano treble treble bass bass baritone baritone tenor tenor piccolo piccolo sopranino sopranino contrabass contrabass contrabasso contrabasso morphology morphology micromorphology micromorphology natural natural capacity capacity intensity intensity intense intense intenseness intenseness instability instability unstable unstable instable instable physical properties physical properties physical property physical property properties, physical properties, physical surface properties surface properties properties, surface properties, surface permeability permeability permeable permeable soil permeability soil permeability permeability, soil permeability, soil porosity porosity porous porous specific gravity specific gravity gravity, specific specific-gravity specific-gravity gravity, specific hardness hardness hard hard microhardness microhardness leather-hard leather-hard leatherhard leatherhard leather hard leather hard spring temper spring temper spring-tempered spring-tempered temper, spring temper, spring crystallinity crystallinity crystalline crystalline polycrystallinity polycrystallinity polycrystalline polycrystalline viscosity viscosity viscose viscose viscous viscous volatility volatility volatileness volatileness volatile volatile absorbency absorbency absorbent absorbent dryness dryness dry dry desiccation desiccation desiccated desiccated conductivity conductivity specific conductance specific conductance waterborne waterborne water-borne water-borne hand hand imperviousness attributes and properties imperviousness attributes and properties airtightness airtightness airtight airtight hermetically sealed hermetically sealed sealed, hermetically sealed, hermetically weathertightness weathertightness weathertight weathertight watertightness watertightness watertight watertight wetness wetness wet wet waterlogged waterlogged water-saturated water-logged water-logged water-saturated center of gravity center of gravity gravity, center of gravity, center of gravity, centre of gravity, centre of centre of gravity centre of gravity seasonality seasonality seasonalness seasonal variations seasonal variations seasonal seasonal seasonalness unfinished unfinished incomplete incomplete visible visible invisible invisible geophysical properties geophysical properties seismicity seismicity physicochemical attributes and properties physicochemical attributes and properties solubility solubility soluble soluble durability durability durableness endurance endurability longevity endurability durable longevity endurableness durable service life endurableness durableness endurance service life hydrophilicity hydrophilicity hydrophilic hydrophilic hydrophobicity hydrophobicity hydrophobic hydrophobic water-repellent water-repellent water repellent water repellent water resistance water resistance water-resistant water-resistant water-soluble water-soluble water soluble water soluble wetfastness wetfastness wettability wettability miscibility miscibility miscible miscible colorfastness colorfastness colorfast colour fastness color fastness colour fastness colour fast colour fast colorfast color fastness lightfastness lightfastness color lightfastness color lightfastness light fast light fast lightfast lightfast flammability flammability inflammability inflammability inflammable inflammable flammable flammable archival quality archival quality quality, archival quality, archival archival quality, conservation archival quality, conservation conservation quality conservation quality composition composition fineness fineness fine fine heterogeneity heterogeneity heterogeneousness nonhomogeneity inhomogeneity inhomogeneity heterogeneous inhomogeneous heterogeneous inhomogeneous heterogeneousness nonhomogeneity homogeneity homogeneity homogeneousness homogeneousness homogeneous homogeneous hygroscopicity hygroscopicity hygroscopic hygroscopic immiscibility immiscibility immiscible immiscible toxicity toxicity toxic toxic aqueous aqueous water-based water-based biodegradable biodegradable insolubility insolubility insoluble insoluble insolubleness insolubleness photosensitivity photosensitivity photosensitive photosensitive panchromatic panchromatic electromagnetic properties electromagnetic properties photoelasticity photoelasticity photo-elasticity photo-elasticity photoelastic photoelastic electrical attributes and properties electrical attributes and properties electrical properties electrical properties electric properties of materials electric properties of materials properties, electrical properties, electrical electric properties electric properties electrical conductivity electrical conductivity electric conductivity electric conductivity electroconductivity electroconductivity conductivity, electrical conductivity, electrical resistivity resistivity specific resistance specific resistance dielectric properties dielectric properties properties, dielectric properties, dielectric anodic anodic cathodic cathodic thermal attributes and properties thermal attributes and properties temperature temperature cold cold thermal properties thermal properties properties, thermal properties, thermal boiling point boiling point boiling-points boiling-points flash point flash point point, flash point, flash freezing point freezing point freezing points freezing points point, freezing point, freezing fusibility fusibility melting point melting point point, melting point, melting melting points melting points specific heat specific heat heat, specific heat, specific thermal conductivity thermal conductivity conductivity, thermal conductivity, thermal fire resistance fire resistance resistance, flame flame resistant flame resistant fire-resistant fire-resistant resistance, fire flame resistance resistance, fire resistance, flame flame resistance eutectic point eutectic point eutectic melting point eutectic melting point cloud point cloud point form attributes form attributes three-dimensional three-dimensional 3-D 3-D 3-dimensional 3-dimensional two-dimensional two-dimensional 2-dimensional 2-dimensional broken broken discontinuous discontinuous flat flat flatness flatness irregular irregular raised raised unbroken unbroken continuous continuous shape shape shapes shapes angular angular bell-shaped bell-shaped bell shaped bell shaped columnar columnar curved curved concave concave dished dished convex convex arched arched curvilinear curvilinear undulating undulating fan-shaped fan-shaped stellate stellate star-shaped star-shaped almond-shaped almond-shaped almond shaped almond shaped pear-shaped pear-shaped annular annular ring-shaped ring-shaped pointed pointed quadrant quadrant egg-shaped egg-shaped round round globular globular spherical spherical serpentine serpentine splayed splayed splay splay shape: furniture shape: furniture blockfront blockfront block front block front swell'd front swell'd front block-front block-front bombé bombé kettle kettle breakfront breakfront break-front broken front broken front break-front circular-front circular-front circular front circular front sweep front sweep front demi-lune demi-lune demilune demilune half-serpentine half-serpentine half serpentine half serpentine oxbow oxbow serpentine, reverse serpentine, reverse reverse serpentine reverse serpentine straight-front straight-front serpentine-front serpentine-front serpentine front serpentine front bowfront bowfront round-front bow front round front bow front round front bow-front bowed front bow-front bowed front round-front shield-shaped shield-shaped tubular tubular tubiform tubiform kidney-shaped kidney-shaped kidney reniform reniform kidney foliose foliose vase-shaped vase-shaped vaselike vase-form baluster-shaped vase-form form, vase vase form form, vase baluster-form vase form urn-shaped baluster-form urn-shaped vaselike baluster-shaped cruciform cruciform X shaped shape, X cruciform shape shape, X shape, cruciform X shape shape, cruciform cross-shaped X shape shaped, X cross-shaped X shaped shaped, X cruciform shape shape: watercraft shape: watercraft double-ended double-ended ended, double ended, double v-bottom v-bottom v-bottomed v-bottomed V-shaped V-shaped U-shaped U-shaped shape: geometric shape: geometric oval oval polygonal polygonal decagonal decagonal dodecagonal dodecagonal hexagonal hexagonal hexagonical hexagonial hexagonial hexagonical octagonal octagonal octogonian octogonian pentagonal pentagonal pentagonary pentagonary pentagonian pentagonian quadrilateral quadrilateral rhombic rhombic rectangular rectangular square square trapezial trapezial trapezoidal trapezoidal triangular triangular elliptical elliptical elliptic elliptic circular circular semicircular semicircular semielliptical semielliptical semi-elliptic semielliptic semielliptic semi-elliptical semi-elliptic semi-elliptical lanceolate lanceolate shape: projectile points shape: projectile points corner-notched corner-notched side-notched side-notched stemmed stemmed hollow hollow solid solid domed domed domic domic domical domical amorphous amorphous incuse incuse cellular cellular honeycomb honeycomb jeweled jeweled form attributes: architecture form attributes: architecture building plan attributes building plan attributes axial-plan axial-plan longitudinal plan longitudinal plan longitudinal-plan longitudinal-plan axial plan axial plan central-plan central-plan centrally planned centralized plan central plan centralized plan central plan centralized-plan centralized-plan centrally planned Greek cross plan Greek cross plan cross plan, Greek Greek-cross plan plan, Greek cross Greek-cross plan plan, Greek cross Greek-cross Greek-cross cross plan, Greek Latin cross-plan Latin cross-plan cross plan, Latin Latin cross plan cross plan, Latin Latin cross plan cross-plan, Latin cross-plan, Latin plan, Latin cross Latin-cross plan, Latin cross Latin-cross open-plan open-plan open plan open plan building plan attributes: column layouts building plan attributes: column layouts dipteral dipteral peripteral peripteral pseudodipteral pseudodipteral pseudo-dipteral pseudo-dipteral pseudoperipteral pseudoperipteral pseudo-peripteral pseudo-peripteral amphiprostyle amphiprostyle decastyle decastyle distyle in antis distyle in antis distyle in-antis distyle in-antis enneastyle enneastyle octastyle octastyle octostyle octostyle prostyle prostyle tetrastyle tetrastyle hexastyle hexastyle exastyle exastyle hectastyle hectastyle basilican plan basilican plan basilican manner plan, basilican basilica plan form, basilican plan, basilican basilica plan manner, basilican basilican form manner, basilican basilica-plan basilican form plan, basilica basilica-plan basilican manner plan, basilica form, basilican building elevation attributes building elevation attributes two-story two-story two-storied 2-story two story 2-story two story two storey two storey two-storey two-storied two-storey single-story single-story single-storey single-storied single-storied 1-story single story 1-story single story one-story single-storey one-story three-story three-story three storey three storey three-storey three-storied three-storey three-storied 3-story three story 3-story three story astylar astylar vaulted vaulted form attributes: firearms form attributes: firearms multibarreled multibarreled multi-barreled multi-barrel multi-barrel multibarrel multibarrel multi-barrelled multi-barreled multi-barrelled double-barreled double-barreled double-barrel double-barrel double-barrelled double-barrelled over-and-under over-and-under under-and-over under-and-over under/over under/over over/under over/under side-by-side side-by-side smoothbore smoothbore smooth-bore smooth-bore hammerless hammerless single-barreled single-barreled single-barrel single-barrel single-barrelled single-barrelled three-legged three-legged figure-derived form attributes figure-derived form attributes anthropomorphic anthropomorphic zoomorphic zoomorphic therianthropic therianthropic fish-legged fish-legged phallic phallic Janus-faced Janus-faced double-faced Janiform double faced Janiform Janus faced double faced two-faced Janus faced dual-faced two-faced Janus-figure dual-faced double-faced Janus-figure size/dimensions size/dimensions size size sizes sizes size/dimensions by general type size/dimensions by general type area area circumference circumference diameter diameter height height length length thickness thickness width width volume volume depth depth deep deep size/dimensions by specific type size/dimensions by specific type large large monumental monumental small small life-size life-size lifesize life size life size life-sized life-sized lifesize miniature miniature size: photograph formats size: photograph formats double whole plate double whole plate double whole plates double whole plates half plate half plate half plates half-plate half-plate half plates mammoth plate mammoth plate mammoth plates mammoth plates ninth plate ninth plate ninth-plate ninth-plate ninth plates ninth plates quarter plate quarter plate quarter plates quarter-plate quarter-plate quarter plates sixteenth plate sixteenth plate sixteenth plates sixteenth plates sixteenth-plate sixteenth-plate sixth plate sixth plate sixth-plate sixth-plate sixth plates medium plate sixth plates medium plate whole plate whole plate whole plates whole plates full plate full plate whole-plate whole-plate size: card photographs size: card photographs boudoir boudoir imperial imperial panel panel promenade promenade victoria victoria victoria card victoria card over life-size over life-size over lifesize heroic over-life-size heroic over-life-size life-size, over life-size, over over lifesize fineness fineness fine fine full-page full-page type sizes type sizes sizes, type sizes, body body sizes type size sizes, typeface type-sizes sizes, body point sizes type size sizes, typeface sizes, point point sizes typeface sizes body-sizes sizes, point point-sizes typeface sizes body-sizes sizes, type point-sizes body sizes type-sizes pica pica size: photographic film size: photographic film 16mm 16mm narrow gauge millimeter, sixteen sixteen millimeter millimeter, sixteen sixteen millimeter millimetre, sixteen sixteen millimetre millimetre, sixteen gauge, narrow sixteen millimetre narrow gauge gauge, narrow 35mm 35mm thirty-five millimetre standard gauge standard gauge millimeter, thirty-five thirty-five millimeter millimeter, thirty-five thirty-five millimeter millimetre, thirty-five thirty-five millimetre millimetre, thirty-five 8mm 8mm eight-millimeter eight-millimeter eight-millimetre eight-millimetre 8 mm 8 mm Super 8 Super 8 Super-8 mm Super-8 mm Super 8mm Super 8mm Super 16mm Super 16mm Super sixteen millimeter Super 16 mm Super 16 mm millimeter, Super sixteen millimeter, Super sixteen Super sixteen millimeter 65mm 65mm millimeter, sixty-five millimeter, sixty-five sixty-five millimeter sixty-five millimeter 65 mm 65 mm 70mm 70mm 70 mm millimeter, seventy 70 mm seventy millimeter seventy millimeter millimeter, seventy sight size sight size sight measurement sight measurement size: videotape size: videotape 8mm 8mm eight millimeter eight millimeter 8 mm 8 mm Hi-8 Hi-8 high-band 8mm high-band 8mm Hi-8mm Hi-8mm 3/4-inch 3/4-inch three-quarter inch three-quarter inch 1-inch 1-inch one-inch one-inch size: book formats size: book formats folio folio in-folio fo. fo. in folio in folio Fo. in-folio Fo. quarto quarto in quarto libro in quarto libro in quarto 4to quartus 4to in quarto quartus octavo octavo in octavo octavus octavus 8vo un'ottavo 8vo un'ottavo in octavo sixteenmo sixteenmo sextodecimo sextodecimo decimo-sexto decimo-sexto 16mo sexto-decimo 16mo sexto-decimo thirty-twomo thirty-twomo thirty'sixmo trigesimo-decundo trigesimo-decundo thirtytwomo thirty-twos thirtytwomo thirty-twos 32mo thirty'sixmo 32mo sixty-fourmo sixty-fourmo sixtyfours sexagesimo-quarto sexagesimo-quarto 64mo 64mo sixtyfours twelvemo twelvemo 12mo 12mo duodecimo duodecimo eighteenmo eighteenmo 18mo 18mo eighteen-mo eighteen-mo octodecimo octodecimo twenty-fourmo twenty-fourmo twentyfourmo vincestmo-quarto 24mo 24mo vigesimo-quarto vigesimo-quarto twentyfourmo vincestmo-quarto forty-eightmo forty-eightmo quadragesimo-octavo quadragesimo-octavo 48mo 48mo sixmo sixmo 6to 6mo 6mo sexto sexto 6to hundred & twenty-eightmo hundred & twenty-eightmo 128mo 128mo size: paper size: paper foolscap foolscap Flat Foolscap Flat Foolscap elephant elephant elephant-paper elephant-paper atlas atlas atlas paper atlas paper imperial imperial post post post-paper post-paper pinched post pinched post large post large post demy demy demy paper demy paper medium medium royal royal royal paper royal paper paper royal paper royal crown crown pott pott pott-paper pot pot pott-paper super royal super royal antiquarian antiquarian double atlas double atlas size: computer file size: computer file bits bits bit bit bytes bytes byte byte kilobytes kilobytes KB kilobyte kilobyte kbyte kbyte KB megabytes megabytes mbyte mbyte MB MB megabyte megabyte gigabytes gigabytes gigabyte gigabyte GB GB terabytes terabytes terabyte terabyte scale models scale models scale model scale model dimensions dimensions dimension dimension measurements measurements measurement measurement format format formats formats vitreous vitreous time-related attributes time-related attributes permanence permanence permanentness permanentness permanent permanent extant extant temporary temporary age age electrophysical properties electrophysical properties electrochromic electrochromic theatricality theatricality Color Color colors colors color names color names colours colours neutrals neutrals neutral colors neutral colors white white pale drab gray drab gray, pale white, oyster drab gray, pale white, oyster oyster white oyster white centroid color 263 pale drab gray centroid color 263 gray gray grey grey light gray light gray centroid color 264 pale drab gray blue, granite light, gray very light gray gray light pearl gray gray, pearl pale drab gray drab gray, pale blue, granite oyster gray gray, pearl white, oyster gray, light pearl gray pearl drab gray, pale blue, pearl oyster gray gray, very light white, oyster gray, light granite blue pearl pearl white blue, pearl oyster white aluminum gray, very light white, pearl gray, oyster granite blue pearl blue pearl white centroid color 264 oyster white aluminum light, gray white, pearl very light gray gray light pearl blue gray, oyster medium gray medium gray gray, medium navy beige gray navy gray, light gray, medium silver light violet gray light neutral gray nickle gray, light navy platinum violet gray, deep gray black gray, silver neutral gray, light gray, neutral black, gray navy gray, light gray, medium silver gray medium light gray centroid color 265 gray, light neutral platinum light neutral gray pale neutral gray neutral gray, light violet gray, light gray black light gray, medium gray, neutral black, gray navy gray, medium gray, medium light silver gray deep violet gray gray, light neutral purplish gray, light light purplish gray pale neutral gray aluminum medium light gray neutral gray, pale violet gray, light gray, blue light gray, medium deep violet gray gray, pale neutral blue gray navy gray, medium gray, medium light slate gray aluminum medium navy gray gray, light purplish purplish gray, light light purplish gray pale violet gray neutral gray, pale violet gray, pale gray, blue light navy gray gray, beige gray, pale neutral blue gray neutral gray slate gray beige gray medium navy gray gray, light purplish silver light violet gray pale violet gray gray, medium navy light navy gray nickle violet gray, pale gray, light navy violet gray, deep gray, beige gray, silver centroid color 265 neutral gray dark gray dark gray dark violet gray gray, dark purplish medium dark gray gray, very dark steel lead gray blue green, dark grayish slate black, greenish iron gray black, dull greenish wrought iron purplish gray, dark dark neutral gray violet gray, blackish gray, charcoal charcoal gray gray, steel very dark gray ebony brown, ebony gray, lead deep violet gray ink, india gray, iron neutral gray, dark slate, blackish deep navy gray gunmetal gray, dark purplish navy gray greenish black, dull steel lead gray blue green, dark grayish gray, steel iron grey blackish slate wrought iron purplish gray, dark dark neutral gray violet gray, dark gray, dark neutral gray, deep dark grayish blue green very dark gray ebony brown, ebony gray, medium dark dull greenish black ink, india gray, iron deep navy gray gunmetal, light gray, deep navy navy gray greenish black, dull steel gray light gunmetal blue, iron gray, teal slate, blackish iron grey blackish slate slate dark purplish gray black, blue violet violet gray, dark gray, dark neutral gray, deep dark grayish blue green violet black, dull ebony brown centroid color 266 gray, medium dark dull greenish black iron blue light gunmetal blue, iron grayish blue green, dark deep neutral gray gunmetal, light gray, deep navy navy gray, deep greenish slate black steel gray violet gray, deep gray, dark neutral gray, teal slate gray lead blackish violet gray slate dark purplish gray black, blue violet pewter dark gray, medium violet black, dull ebony brown centroid color 266 gray, navy dull violet black iron blue blue violet black grayish blue green, dark deep neutral gray india ink gray, deep neutral navy gray, deep greenish slate black steel grey violet gray, deep gray, dark neutral medium dark gray gray, very dark slate gray lead blackish violet gray slate black, greenish dark violet gray iron gray black, dull greenish pewter dark gray, medium violet gray, blackish gray, charcoal charcoal gray gray, navy gunmetal steel grey dull violet black blue violet black gray, lead deep violet gray india ink gray, deep neutral neutral gray, dark black black greenish slate black black, slate blackish green gray grayish black slate black, greenish dark navy navy, dark centroid color 267 black, grayish black, slate iron jet black violet black, dull black, jet grayish black black, grayish dull violet black navy, dark centroid color 267 blue, midnight iron lamp black violet black, dull black, jet green gray, blackish black, greenish slate dull violet black slate black lamp black blue, midnight iron brown charcoal green gray, blackish black, lamp black, greenish slate graphite black, dull violet slate black midnight blue brown, iron iron brown charcoal greenish slate black black, lamp blackish green gray graphite slate black, greenish dark navy midnight blue brown, iron jet black black, dull violet black-and-white black-and-white black and white black and white chromatic colors chromatic colors pink pink vivid pink vivid pink centroid color 1 centroid color 1 pink, vivid pink, vivid carmine carmine intermediate pinks intermediate pinks purplish pink purplish pink pink, purplish pink, purplish brilliant purplish pink brilliant purplish pink pink, brilliant purplish centroid color 246 purplish pink, brilliant centroid color 246 purplish pink, brilliant pink, bluish pink, bluish bluish pink pink, brilliant purplish bluish pink strong purplish pink strong purplish pink rhodamine pink pink, rhodamine bluish pink pink, bluish rhodamine pink pink, strong purplish pink, bluish centroid color 247 rose pink, deep pink, strong purplish pink, deep rose centroid color 247 rose pink, deep purplish pink, strong pink, deep rose deep rose pink purplish pink, strong pink, rhodamine bluish pink deep rose pink deep purplish pink deep purplish pink rose, lilac light orchid rose rose, carmine fuchsia pink pink, fuchsine bright rose violet pink, deep purplish bluish pink violet, bright rose rose, orchid lilac rose rose, carmine orchid rose purplish pink, deep fuchsia pink carmine rose pink, deep purplish bluish pink rose, orchid lilac rose rose, light orchid orchid rose, light purplish pink, deep fuchsine pink carmine rose pink, fuchsia orchid rose, light rose violet, bright orchid rose, light orchid bright rose fuchsine pink rose, bright centroid color 248 pink, fuchsia pink, bluish rose violet, bright orchid bright rose light orchid rose rose, bright rose, lilac centroid color 248 pink, fuchsine bright rose violet pink, bluish violet, bright rose orchid rose light purplish pink light purplish pink orchid, light rose pink light pinkish lilac centroid color 249 pink, orchid red violet pinkish lilac, light orchid, light violet, red lilac, light pinkish red violet centroid color 249 pink, rose pinkish lilac, light orchid pink violet, red rose, lilac light orchid pink, rose lilac, light pinkish pink, light purplish orchid pink lilac rose rose, lilac light orchid purplish pink, light pink, light purplish bluish pink pink, bluish lilac rose rose pink light pinkish lilac purplish pink, light bluish pink pink, orchid pink, bluish moderate purplish pink moderate purplish pink pink, orchid lilac, purplish light orchid pink, fuchsia fuchsia pink rose lilac orchid pink bluish pink rose, light orchid purplish pink, moderate pink, rose lilac, purplish light orchid rose pink, fuchsia fuchsia pink rose pink orchid rose, light centroid color 250 rose, light orchid red violet pink, rose lilac, rose light orchid rose pink, moderate purplish light mauve rose pink orchid rose, light centroid color 250 rose, light orchid orchid, light red violet lilac, rose purplish lilac violet, red light rose pink, moderate purplish light mauve pink, bluish dull rose rose, light orchid orchid, light rose, dull mauve, light purplish lilac violet, red light rose pink, orchid light orchid pink, bluish dull rose rose lilac orchid pink bluish pink rose, dull mauve, light purplish pink, moderate dark purplish pink dark purplish pink purplish pink, dark orchid mauve lilac, rose purplish pink, dark pink, bluish lilac, rose bluish pink rose lilac pink, bluish mauve, orchid bluish pink rose lilac pink, dark purplish mauve, orchid centroid color 251 pink, dark purplish orchid mauve centroid color 251 pale purplish pink pale purplish pink pale orchid orchid pink, light pink, pale purplish mauve pink pink, mauve lilac, pale pink, bluish purplish pink, pale centroid color 252 pastel mauve baby pink orchid pink, light orchid, pale pink, mauve pink lavender lilac, pale lavender, pink pastel mauve baby pink pale lilac purplish pink, pale orchid, pale pink orchid pink lavender mauve, pastel pale lilac lavender, pink pink, baby bluish pink orchid, pink pink orchid pink, light orchid mauve, pastel light orchid pink pink, baby bluish pink pale orchid orchid, pink pink, pale purplish mauve pink pink, light orchid centroid color 252 light orchid pink pink, bluish grayish purplish pink grayish purplish pink bluish pink purplish pink, grayish pink, grayish purplish orchid lavender, dull bluish pink red violet pink, grayish purplish pale purple drab lavender, dull centroid color 253 red violet purple drab, pale pale purple drab lilac violet, red centroid color 253 pink, bluish purple drab, pale lilac violet, red dull lavender pink, bluish purplish pink, grayish orchid dull lavender yellowish pink yellowish pink pink, yellowish pink, yellowish vivid yellowish pink vivid yellowish pink red orange orange, red yellowish pink, vivid orange, red yellowish pink, vivid pink, vivid yellowish pink, vivid yellowish centroid color 25 red orange centroid color 25 strong yellowish pink strong yellowish pink yellowish pink, strong salmon bright peach pink, salmon yellowish pink, strong salmon pink pink, salmon centroid color 26 salmon pink pink, strong yellowish centroid color 26 scarlet madder pink, strong yellowish madder, scarlet scarlet madder salmon bright peach madder, scarlet deep yellowish pink deep yellowish pink red, light light red yellowish pink, deep light red yellowish pink, deep pink, deep yellowish centroid color 27 pink, deep yellowish red, light centroid color 27 light yellowish pink light yellowish pink yellow orange, pale flesh pink salmon rose baby pink pink, moderate orange pink, flesh light salmon salmon rose orange pink, moderate rose, salmon baby pink pink, flesh light salmon yellowish pink, light pale yellow orange rose, salmon centroid color 28 pink, light yellowish pale yellow orange moderate orange pink yellowish pink, light centroid color 28 salmon, light pink, light yellowish pink, baby moderate orange pink flesh pink salmon, light yellow orange, pale pink, moderate orange pink, baby orange pink, moderate moderate yellowish pink moderate yellowish pink orange, brown yellowish pink, moderate dull orange buff, orange pink, baby pink, moderate yellowish bistre brown orange pink, moderate orange, brown flesh pink pink, moderate yellowish buff, orange pink, flesh orange pink, moderate brown, bistre orange buff pink, pastel centroid color 29 pink, flesh flesh pink pastel pink brown, bistre baby pink orange buff moderate orange pink pink, pastel centroid color 29 pink, moderate orange pastel pink brown orange baby pink orange, dull moderate orange pink yellowish pink, moderate dull orange pink, moderate orange brown orange pink, baby bistre brown orange, dull dark yellowish pink dark yellowish pink yellowish pink, dark light red yellowish pink, dark pink, dark yellowish pink, dark yellowish centroid color 30 red, light centroid color 30 red, light light red pale yellowish pink pale yellowish pink peach gray brown, red yellowish pink, pale pink, pale yellowish peach gray centroid color 31 pink, pale yellowish peach, pale centroid color 31 red brown peach, pale flesh pink red brown pink, flesh flesh pink brown, red yellowish pink, pale pink, flesh grayish yellowish pink grayish yellowish pink centroid color 32 brown, red rose beige, light pink, grayish yellowish light rose beige dull buff brown, red yellowish pink, grayish pink, grayish yellowish orange pink, grayish dull buff buff, dull yellowish pink, grayish red brown orange pink, grayish grayish orange pink buff, dull beige, light rose red brown pink, grayish orange grayish orange pink centroid color 32 beige, light rose rose beige, light pink, grayish orange light rose beige brownish pink brownish pink lilac gray dull brown yellow brown bistre, purplish rose beige, light brown, yellow lilac gray beige, light rose gray, lilac brown, yellow brown, dull rose beige, light pink, brownish beige, light rose gray, lilac centroid color 33 brown, dull bisque pink, brownish very pale brown light rose beige centroid color 33 brown, very pale bisque purplish bistre very pale brown light rose beige dull brown yellow brown bistre, purplish purplish bistre brown, very pale strong pink strong pink centroid color 2 pink, alizarine pink, alizarine alizarine pink pink, strong alizarine pink centroid color 2 pink, strong deep pink deep pink pink, alizarine bright rose rose, deep pink, alizarine centroid color 3 rose, deep pink, deep centroid color 3 alizarine pink pink, deep scarlet deep rose alizarine pink rose, bright scarlet deep rose bright rose rose, bright light pink light pink pink, baby pink, baby baby pink pink, light baby pink pink, light centroid color 4 centroid color 4 moderate pink moderate pink rose lake pink, baby mauve, light baby pink rose lake lake, rose pink, moderate mauve, light baby pink light mauve pink, moderate pastel pink light mauve centroid color 5 pink, pastel pastel pink lilac centroid color 5 pink, pastel pink, baby lilac lake, rose dark pink dark pink carmine centroid color 6 centroid color 6 ypink, dark ypink, dark carmine pale pink pale pink centroid color 7 centroid color 7 pink, pale pink, pale grayish pink grayish pink pink, grayish pink, silver centroid color 8 pink, silver silver pink centroid color 8 silver pink pink, grayish pinkish white pinkish white white, pinkish white, pinkish centroid color 9 white, reddish centroid color 9 white, reddish reddish white reddish white pinkish gray pinkish gray lilac lilac centroid color 10 centroid color 10 gray, pinkish gray, pinkish red red vivid red vivid red vermilion, Chinese red, bright yellowish scarlet red brown red crimson madder bright red Chinese vermilion red, blood rose, carmine lake, carmine carmine red, vivid kermes carmine rose crimson madder yellowish red, bright red, brown scarlet red brown, rose red orange rose red bright red cochineal red, blood carmine rose lake, geranium carmine, dark red, vivid kermes dark carmine yellowish red, bright red, brown spectrum red brown, rose red, rose rose red bright yellowish red cochineal red, bright centroid color 11 lake, geranium carmine, dark rose brown cadmium red red, rose dark carmine red, cadmium spectrum red lake red, bright scarlet bright yellowish red crimson blood red centroid color 11 madder, crimson carmine lake rose brown cadmium red red, spectrum geranium lake red, cadmium lake red, bright yellowish scarlet brown red crimson vermilion, Chinese blood red Chinese vermilion madder, crimson rose, carmine lake, carmine carmine red, spectrum geranium lake red orange carmine lake strong red strong red vermilion, cadmium carmine lake lake, scarlet cadmium vermilion red, madder cadmium carmine red, bright geranium red scarlet quinacridone red rose, bright lake, carmine madder red red, quinacridone blood red English vermilion vermilion, English carmine lake madder carmine red, madder lake, carmine cadmium carmine red, cadmium geranium rose scarlet quinacridone red English vermilion rose, carmine para red red, quinacridone bright red vermilion, English carmine rose madder red, para lake, madder cadmium red red, cadmium geranium rose scarlet lake red, blood carmine fuchsia rose, carmine para red red, strong bright red red, para carmine rose madder lake carmine, cadmium lake, madder cadmium red red, geranium lake scarlet lake red, blood fuchsia rose, geranium permanent red red, strong bright rose red, permanent centroid color 12 madder lake carmine, cadmium lake, scarlet cadmium vermilion red, geranium lake vermilion, cadmium bright rose red, bright geranium red rose, geranium permanent red rose, bright madder red red, permanent blood red centroid color 12 deep red deep red purple, cadmium garnet brown ruby carmine red, ruby brown, garnet red, garnet purple, cadmium ruby garnet red carmine rose brown brown, rose red, garnet purple lake ruby red garnet red centroid color 13 rose brown brown, rose red, rose purple lake lake, purple ruby red centroid color 13 rose red cadmium purple red, rose red, deep lake, purple garnet brown rose red cadmium purple red, ruby brown, garnet red, deep very deep red very deep red centroid color 14 brown, rose rose brown maroon brown, rose maroon carmine, brown red, very deep carmine, brown brown carmine red, very deep centroid color 14 brown carmine rose brown moderate red moderate red red, permanent scarlet crimson lake lake, scarlet carmine rose purple lake lake, carmine rose, dark carmine, dark Pompeian red lake red, madder madder red rose red red, dull madder carmine red, blood red, rose cadmium vermilion deep rose lake, crimson red, permanent brown lake scarlet lake dark carmine blood red lake, scarlet carmine rose purple madder red, dull carmine lake Pompeian red lake red, moderate para red rose red dull red madder carmine rose, deep red, brick red, rose cadmium vermilion red, Pompeian cadmium purple scarlet lake dark carmine blood red light red centroid color 15 purple madder red, light lake, crimson carmine lake purple, cadmium lake, brown red, moderate para red ruby dull red madder, purple rose, deep red, brick rose, carmine carmine centroid color 15 quinacridone red red, Pompeian cadmium purple vermilion, cadmium dark rose brick red light red permanent red ruby lake, purple carmine, madder purple, cadmium lake, brown red, para geranium rose red, light madder, purple rose, geranium red, cadmium rose, carmine carmine quinacridone red red, quinacridone cadmium red vermilion, cadmium dark rose brick red madder permanent red scarlet crimson lake lake, purple carmine, madder purple lake lake, carmine red, para rose, dark carmine, dark geranium rose red, madder madder red rose, geranium red, cadmium brown lake madder red, blood red, quinacridone cadmium red deep rose dark red dark red red, rose centroid color 16 ruby madder, purple lake red, dull brown, orange garnet brown, dull reddish garnet, light red, dark red, rose purple madder centroid color 16 maroon brown, red lake red, garnet brick red red, dark garnet brown, dull reddish garnet red rose red red, brick dull red maroon brown, red light garnet red, garnet brick red reddish brown, dull brown, garnet garnet red orange brown rose red garnet brown red, brick dull red carmine, brown light garnet red, haematite haematite red brown carmine reddish brown, dull brown, garnet orange brown garnet brown red brown dull reddish brown carmine, brown ruby madder, purple red, haematite haematite red red, dull brown, orange dull reddish brown purple madder brown carmine garnet, light red brown very dark red very dark red dull reddish brown centroid color 17 reddish brown, dull garnet centroid color 17 red, dull garnet dull red red, dull maroon dull red brown, dull reddish red, very dark maroon dull reddish brown brown, dull reddish reddish brown, dull red, very dark grayish red grayish red Pompeian red brown, violet rose brown centroid color 19 red, dull Indian red, dark brown, red red, haematite gray, rose brown, dull reddish dull red red, brown rose gray red, brick carmine rose brown centroid color 19 haematite red red, dull Indian red, dark brown, red red, Indian rose gray brown, light rose dull red red, dark Indian dark Indian red red, brick rose brown, light haematite red red, grayish carmine light rose brown brown, rose red, Indian violet brown brown, light rose dull reddish brown red, dark Indian dark Indian red red brown rose brown, light brick red brown, rose red, Pompeian Indian red carmine rose light rose brown reddish brown, dull violet brown brown red red, grayish dull reddish brown dragon's blood red brown rose, carmine brick red brown, violet red, Pompeian Indian red carmine rose Pompeian red reddish brown, dull brown red red, haematite gray, rose brown, dull reddish dragon's blood red, brown rose, carmine light grayish red light grayish red dull rose brown, red red, pale lilac rose red, brown grayish red, light brown, red rose, dull red, brown pale red grayish red, light centroid color 18 rose, dull red, light grayish pale red lilac centroid color 18 rose, lilac brown red red, light grayish red brown lilac dull rose rose, lilac brown red red, pale lilac rose red brown dark grayish red dark grayish red rose brown, light dull reddish brown rose brown dark rose brown red, dark Indian brown, rose maroon, deep brown, dull reddish violet black grayish red, dark rose brown Indian red, dark reddish brown, dull dark rose brown centroid color 20 maroon, deep brown, dull reddish black, violet violet black grayish red, dark rose brown, dark light rose brown reddish brown, dull deep maroon centroid color 20 red, dark grayish light rose brown black, violet haematite red rose brown, dark brown, light rose deep maroon red, haematite dark Indian red red, dark grayish maroon brown, dark rose haematite red brown, light rose dull reddish brown red, haematite rose brown, light dark Indian red red, dark Indian brown, rose maroon brown, dark rose Indian red, dark blackish red blackish red dull reddish brown brown, red lilac, gray reddish brown, dull gray lilac brown, red red, blackish brown, dull reddish reddish brown, dull gray lilac centroid color 21 red, blackish brown, dull reddish lilac brown centroid color 21 red brown brown, lilac lilac brown dull reddish brown brown, lilac lilac, gray red brown reddish gray reddish gray gray, lead brown, lilac lead gray lilac, gray gray, lead brown, red red brown lead gray gray lilac brown, red red brown gray lilac lilac brown centroid color 22 gray, reddish lilac brown centroid color 22 brown, lilac gray, reddish lilac, gray dark reddish gray dark reddish gray brown, ebony brown, blackish ebony brown rose brown, dark centroid color 23 brown, blackish rose brown, dark gray, dark reddish centroid color 23 brown, dark rose gray, dark reddish dark rose brown brown, dark rose blackish brown reddish gray, dark dark rose brown brown, ebony blackish brown ebony brown reddish gray, dark reddish black reddish black centroid color 24 black, reddish ebony brown black, reddish ebony brown brown, ebony brown, ebony centroid color 24 intermediate reds intermediate reds purplish red purplish red red, purplish red, purplish vivid purplish red vivid purplish red rose madder carmine, rose pink, rose bright rose madder, rose rose carmine red, vivid purplish crimson purple, Tyrian fuchsia purple pink, rose rose pink centroid color 254 bright rose magenta rose carmine fuchsia purple rhodamine purple deep magenta purple, Tyrian purple, fuchsia rose pink centroid color 254 carmine magenta rose, fuchsia fuchsia rose rhodamine purple deep magenta cerise purple, fuchsia Tyrian purple purplish red, vivid rose, fuchsia carmine magenta, deep bright bluish red fuchsia rose rose, bright fuchsia cerise purple, rhodamine Tyrian purple purplish red, vivid rose madder carmine, rose magenta, deep bright bluish red madder, rose rose, bright red, vivid purplish crimson purple, rhodamine fuchsia strong purplish red strong purplish red fuchsia rose red, strong purplish cerise pink pink, madder magenta rose madder carmine rose carmine madder lake rose, carmine lake, carmine red, strong purplish cerise pink purplish red, strong carmine, rose magenta rose, carmine carmine madder pink lake, carmine rose, bright fuchsia bluish red carmine, rose pink, cerise purplish red, strong rose, fuchsia carmine lake madder pink bluish red lake, madder rose, bright fuchsia red, bluish centroid color 255 pink, cerise rose, fuchsia carmine lake madder, rose bright rose lake, madder rose carmine red, bluish centroid color 255 pink, madder fuchsia rose madder, rose rose madder carmine rose bright rose madder lake rose carmine deep purplish red deep purplish red carmine purple, fuchsia magenta rose ruby fuchsia red rose brown bright fuchsia purple crimson red, deep purplish centroid color 256 purple, fuchsia bright fuchsia purple plum ruby fuchsia red rose, magenta fuchsia purple red, deep purplish centroid color 256 purplish red, deep brown, rose plum violet, rose magenta rose, magenta fuchsia purple red, fuchsia purplish red, deep cerise brown, rose purple, bright fuchsia bluish red violet, rose magenta rose violet fuchsia purple, bright red, fuchsia red, bluish cerise carmine purple, bright fuchsia bluish red magenta rose rose violet fuchsia purple, bright rose brown crimson red, bluish very deep purplish red very deep purplish red purplish red, very deep brown, rose rose brown red, bluish brown, rose red, bluish centroid color 257 red, very deep purplish centroid color 257 bluish red red, very deep purplish purplish red, very deep bluish red rose brown moderate purplish red moderate purplish red dark rose red, moderate purplish lilac, red rose, magenta red, fuchsia rose, fuchsia purplish red, moderate rose, dark carmine rose lake, carmine violet, rose carmine lake fuchsia rose bright fuchsia rose plum, deep dull bluish red rose, bright fuchsia rose lilac bluish red madder carmine dark rose red, rose lilac rose rose, magenta red, fuchsia lake, carmine red, bluish rose, dark carmine, rose rose carmine violet, rose carmine lake fuchsia rose, bright bright rose plum, deep dull bluish red bluish red magenta deep plum red, rose lilac rose rose red red lilac lilac purple rose lilac red, bluish rose, deep carmine, rose rose carmine carmine, madder fuchsia rose, bright bright rose purple, lilac red lilac fuchsia red bluish red, dull magenta deep plum rose, bright lilac, rose rose red centroid color 258 lilac purple rose, lilac red, dull bluish rose, deep rose, carmine carmine, madder lake carmine purple, lilac fuchsia red bluish red, dull magenta rose deep rose rose, bright lilac, rose rose violet centroid color 258 red, moderate purplish lilac, red rose, lilac red, dull bluish rose, fuchsia purplish red, moderate rose, carmine carmine rose lake madder carmine rose violet carmine fuchsia rose bright fuchsia rose magenta rose deep rose rose, bright fuchsia dark purplish red dark purplish red lake, rose purple, red violet, black brown violet plum, red bluish red, dull garnet anthracene purple purple, anthracene dull bluish red rose, magenta violet brown, dark centroid color 259 red purple, blackish maroon violet, dull red, dull bluish lake, rose purplish red, dark violet, black brown, violet dull bluish red rose mauve bluish red, dull lake, deep blackish red purple purple, anthracene red plum violet brown, dark plum, rose dark violet brown red purple, blackish maroon violet, plum magenta purplish red, dark violet brown brown, violet dull violet rose mauve brown, dark violet lake, deep blackish red purple purple lake red plum plum, rose dark violet brown rose lake mauve, rose violet, plum carmine, violet magenta violet carmine red, dark purplish violet brown black violet purple lake rose plum brown, dark violet lake, purple red purple dull violet plum violet deep lake rose lake mauve, rose carmine, violet magenta rose violet carmine red, dark purplish violet, brown black violet purple, red rose plum brown violet lake, purple plum, red garnet anthracene purple plum violet deep lake rose, magenta violet, brown centroid color 259 red purple magenta rose violet, dull red, dull bluish very dark purplish red very dark purplish red centroid color 260 bluish red, dull red, very dark purplish plum red, dull bluish dark violet brown bluish red, dull violet, black red, dull bluish plum, red dark violet brown brown, dark violet violet, black red plum plum, red dull bluish red brown, dark violet violet brown, dark black violet red plum purplish red, very dark dull bluish red centroid color 260 violet brown, dark black violet red, very dark purplish plum purplish red, very dark grayish purplish red grayish purplish red purplish red, grayish violet, dull red lilac brown violet artificial vermilion lilac, rose vermilion, artificial rose lake lilac, dull purplish red, grayish violet, red dull violet red violet centroid color 262 artificial vermilion magenta vermilion, artificial lilac, dull rose lilac red, grayish purplish lake, rose red violet centroid color 262 bright rose violet, red magenta violet, brown lilac, red rose lilac dull lilac red, grayish purplish lake, rose rose, bright violet, brown bright rose plum, rose lilac, red rose plum dull lilac lilac rose, bright violet, dull red lilac brown violet plum, rose lilac, rose rose plum rose lake dull violet lilac light grayish purplish red light grayish purplish red grayish purplish red, light centroid color 261 orchid, mauve red, light grayish purplish lilac centroid color 261 red, light grayish purplish pink, bluish lilac dull violet violet, dull pink, bluish mauve orchid dull violet bluish pink violet, dull purplish red, light grayish mauve orchid grayish purplish red, light bluish pink orchid, mauve purplish red, light grayish orange orange vivid orange vivid orange chrome orange cadmium orange orange, chrome orpiment orange orange, bright cadmium orange orpiment orange orange, orpiment orange, bright centroid color 48 orange, orpiment orange, cadmium centroid color 48 bright orange orange, vivid orange, cadmium chrome orange bright orange orange, chrome orange, vivid brilliant orange brilliant orange orange, cadmium cadmium orange orange, cadmium centroid color 49 orange pink centroid color 49 orange pink orange, brilliant pink, orange orange, brilliant cadmium orange pink, orange strong orange strong orange orange, bright centroid color 50 yellow orange brown orange yellow, cadmium orange, cadmium orange, strong centroid color 50 cadmium orange yellow, cadmium orange, cadmium orange, yellow Mars yellow cadmium orange yellow, Mars orange, yellow orange, orpiment bright orange Mars yellow cadmium yellow yellow, Mars orpiment orange orange, orpiment bright orange orange, bright cadmium yellow yellow orange brown orange orpiment orange orange, strong deep orange deep orange centroid color 51 brown, orange vermilion, orange red brown orange, deep orange brown brown, orange xanthine orange red brown orange vermilion orange brown brown, red terra cotta xanthine orange orange vermilion orange, brown brown, red brown orange terra cotta orange, xanthine orange, brown brown orange vermilion, orange centroid color 51 orange, xanthine orange, deep light orange light orange centroid color 52 yellow, reddish reddish yellow centroid color 52 reddish yellow orange, light salmon orange, light salmon orange pink yellow, reddish orange pink moderate orange moderate orange yellow orange brown, yellow orange, moderate ocher, golden yellow brown light red red brown brown, pale golden ochre pale brown yellow, orange centroid color 53 orange, moderate brown, pale orange brown yellow brown light red reddish yellow gold ocher pale brown yellow, orange centroid color 53 orange, pastel brown, red orange brown yellow, cadmium ocher, gold reddish yellow gold ocher pastel orange orange, pastel yellow, reddish golden ocher brown, red orange, brown brown orange yellow, cadmium ocher, gold red, light gold ochre pastel orange orange, yellow yellow, reddish golden ocher brown, yellow orange, brown brown orange yellow orange ocher, golden red, light gold ochre red brown golden ochre orange, yellow intermediate oranges intermediate oranges reddish orange reddish orange orange, reddish orange, reddish vivid reddish orange vivid reddish orange centroid color 34 reddish orange, vivid bright yellowish red orange, red scarlet vermilion French vermilion sandarach orange, bright reddish reddish orange, vivid chrome orange bright yellowish red orange, vivid reddish orange, bright reddish yellowish red, bright light vermilion sandarach red lead chrome orange cadmium red orange, vivid reddish orange lead yellowish red, bright light vermilion Dutch vermilion red lead scarlet cadmium red reddish orange, bright bright reddish orange orange lead minium Dutch vermilion red orange scarlet centroid color 34 reddish orange, bright bright reddish orange orange, red scarlet vermilion French vermilion red orange minium strong reddish orange strong reddish orange red orange dull red red lead brick red red, brick orange, strong reddish vermilion, light red, yellowish lead, red red lead madder reddish orange, strong brick red orange, strong reddish vermilion, orange red, yellowish lead, red red, madder madder red reddish orange, strong centroid color 35 orange vermilion vermilion, orange madder red scarlet light vermilion red, madder centroid color 35 red, dull orange vermilion yellowish red orange, red scarlet light vermilion dull red red, dull red orange yellowish red red, brick orange, red vermilion, light madder deep reddish orange deep reddish orange quinacridone red lacquer red red, yellowish red lead quinacridone red lead, red yellowish red red lead reddish orange, deep centroid color 36 yellowish red lead, red red, quinacridone reddish orange, deep orange, deep reddish centroid color 36 red, quinacridone red, lacquer orange, deep reddish lacquer red red, yellowish red, lacquer moderate reddish orange moderate reddish orange yellowish red burnt ocher orange red ocher, burnt vermilion, dull madder red, madder brown, orange copper reddish orange, moderate burnt ochre orange red brown, orange orange brown vermilion, dull madder red, orange dull vermilion